动词现在分词的被动式

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动词现在分词的变法

动词现在分词的变法

动词现在分词的变法1.规则1v+ing,如:jumping2 动词末尾e不发音的,去e+ing,如:take---taking;若发音,则直接加ing,如seeing3 ie结尾的。

如:lie----lying,tie-----tying4重读闭音节(及此音节为重读,且以辅音结尾的),双写最后一个字母,加ing形式,如running,beginning,swimming,等等。

最简单的方法就是记住被重读的音节是“辅元辅”结构的,双写最后字母加ing形式。

如begin单词中,gin 为重读音节,且g为辅音,i为元音,n为辅音,符合“辅元辅”结构,故双写最后字母加ing形式;再如swim,我们将sw-看作是辅音群,i是元音,m为辅音,也符合“辅元辅”结构,故双写最后字母加ing形式,懂了吗,现在进行时Be(am/is/are)+现在分词——表示现在正在进行的动作 Ex: I am reading an English book.He /Li ling is talking with his mother.They/We/You are learning.一般现在时一般现在时的句子结构:1、当句子表状态说明主语是什么或怎么样时,其句型:主+BE动词(am, is, are)+表语,否定式是在BE动词后加not,疑问句是将BE动词提前到句首(即在主语之前)e.g:The twin sisters are from America. 这对孪生姐妹是美国人。

The twin sisters are not from America.Are the twins from America?2、当谓语由实义动词充当,主语不是第三人称单数时,句子结构为:主语+动词原形+其它否定式为:主语+don't+动词原形+其它疑问句为:Do+主语+动词原形+其它,e.g:We speak Chinese.Do you speak Chinese?They don't speak Chinese. 3、当主语是第三人称单数时:句子结构为主语+动词(词尾加s或es)+其它。

非谓语动(现在分词和过去分词)

非谓语动(现在分词和过去分词)

非谓语动词——现在分词一、定义现在分词是由v+ing构成,具有动词的特征,在功能上具有adj.和adv.的特点,在句中可以做定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语等。

之前,即,not dong/not being done/not having done/not having been done.但在having done结构中,never应放在having和done之间,即,having never done。

翻译:Having never been there/Not having been there, I can’t tell you what the place is like.1.一般式:由v+ing构成,语态上表现在分词与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系,在时间上表示进行或与谓语动词同时发生/存在的动作或状态。

填空:1) The girl ______(sing) for us is ten years old.2) _______(wear) a new pair of glasses, she can read easily.2. 完成式:having+done,语态上表示该现在分词与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系,在时间上表示已完成或先于谓语动词的动作或状态。

填空:1) _______(receive) the letter, I know everything is all right.2) ________(have) my supper, I went out for a walk.3. 被动式:1)being done 2)having been done,语态上表示该现在分词短语与其逻辑主语之间是被动关系;时间上being done表示和谓语动词同时发生,having been done表示在谓语动词之前已发生或完成。

填空:The building _________(build) will be completed next year.三、现在分词的用法及功能(一)作定语1. 现在分词作定语时其逻辑主语为其所修饰的名词。

现在分词的用法细解

现在分词的用法细解

现在分词的用法详解现在分词(Present Participle)(又称-ing形式、现在进行式) ,是分词的一种,分词又分为现在分词和过去分词,它们都是非限定动词,即在句子里面不能单独充当谓语,但能充当其它的一些成分(定语,表语,补语和状语),并且它们具有动词的性质,所以又是类动词的一种。

一.构成形式doing (特殊的略)现在分词表示主动的或进行的动作二.时态与语态一般式doing一般被动式being done完成式having done完成被动式having been done所有否定式都是在-ing前面加not包括独立主格形式三.可作成分定语状语补语表语1.作定语1)单个分词作定语——所修饰名词前,表示主动或者进行的状态可以改写成一个定语从句,把修饰的名词提前做先行词,再补引导词。

E.g. China is a developing country. = China is a country which isdeveloping.2)分词短语作定语——名词放在后面,此时就是相当于定语从句省略了引导词(that, which, what, who, whom...),而先行词就是该修饰的名词,所以该名词与现在分词之间存有逻辑上的主谓关系Students wishing to go hiking should sign their names here.=Students who is wishing to go hiking should sign their names here.注意1:分词的完成时(having done, having been done)不可作定语,但是可以用定语从句表示E.g. Do you know anything about the accident having happened yesterday? ( wrong )Do you know anything about the accident that happened yesterday? ( right )注意2:在message, letter, sign, news, notice等词后要用现在分词作定语不用过去分词这是考试的易错点2.作宾语补足语记住:只有两类动词可以加现在分词作宾补1)感官动词(和听觉,视觉,触觉相关的动词,此时现在分词表示正在进行):see,hear ,watch,feel,notice,observe, find,listen,to look at2)使役动词(动词+宾语+doing, 此时现在分词表示“使处于某种状态”):have, get, catch, leave, set, keepeg.I saw him singing now.Don't have the students studying all day.注意1:宾语与作宾补的现在分词之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系即宾语是现在分词动作的发出者注意2:使役动词后面跟的动词还有do/to do/done 的情况,要根据情况选择合适的动词结构。

动词ing的被动形式

动词ing的被动形式

动词-ing形式包括现在分词和动名词两种形式,因而其被动结构也有这两种形式。

从时态上讲,动词-ing形式的被动语态有一般式和完成式两种,即being done和having been done.动名词的被动形式在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语、和宾补;现在分词的被动形式在句中可作宾补、定语、表语和状语。

一,动词-ing形式的一般式和完成式1.一般式表示一个被动的动作正在进行或与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生。

That building being repaired is our library. 正在维修的那座大楼是我们的图书馆。

She insisted on being given the hardest work. 她坚持被派给最艰苦的工作。

2.完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。

Having bee invited, Mr Li went there to make a speech though he was busy.被邀请后,李先生尽管很忙,还是去了那儿做了演讲。

I appreciated having been given the chance to study abroad two years ago.我非常感谢两年前获得了去国外学习的机会。

二,动词-ing形式被动式的否定形式,是在其前面加not.He was unhappy for not having been invited to the party.没有被邀请参加聚会,他感到很不高兴。

三,动名词的被动形式1.当动名词的逻辑主语是这个动名词所表示的动作的承受者时,动名词一般要用被动形式。

Being exposed to the nuclear radiation for long will do great harm to one’s health.长时间暴露在核辐射下会对人体健康造成很大的伤害。

The girl was annoyed by being left alone.让她一个人待着,这个女孩很恼火。

过去分词和现在分词被动式的区别

过去分词和现在分词被动式的区别

过去分词与现在分词被动式的区别意义上的区别过去分词和现在分词的被动式都可表示被动,但其用法有所不同:过去分词在表示被动的同时通常还表示完成,而现在分词的被动式不表示完成,而是表示动作在进行。

比较:I saw him taken away by the police.我看见他被警察带走了。

I saw him being taken away by the police.及物动词的过去分词和现在分词的被动式都有表示被动的意思,在具体使用时,它们都有各自的特点和差异,现总结如下:一、作定语的区别1.过去分词表示的动作是发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前,没有一定的时间性;现在分词被动式表示的动作是说话时正在进行或与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生的。

例如:The building completed last year is now our library. 去年完工的那栋房子现在是我们的图书馆。

(发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前)/ She is a girl loved by everyone in the class. 她是全班都喜欢的孩子。

(没有一定的时间性)/ The problem being discu ssed is of great importance. 正在讨论的那个问题很重要。

(正在进行)/ He asked who was the man being operated on. 他问正在动手术的那个人是谁。

(与谓语动词的动作同时发生)2.短暂性动词过去分词可以作定语,而现在分词的被动式一般不能这样用。

例如:The magazine bought yesterday is no where to be found. 昨天买的那本杂志到处都找不到。

(该句的“bought”不能换成“being bought”)二、作宾补的区别1.作感官动词(如see、hear、feel、find等)的宾补时,过去分词表示动作的完成,现在分词被动式则表示动作正在进行。

新概念2 非谓语动词 - 分词做状语 归纳总结

新概念2 非谓语动词 - 分词做状语 归纳总结

一、现在分词作状语,表主动、进行,相当于一个状语从句,根据需要可以使用被动式或完成式。

1.现在分词的一般式由“动词+ing”构成,其被动式为“being+动词过去分词”。

例如:The students standing there are from Class Three.The English novel being translated by the editor now will be completed inOctober.Studying at the hometown, I enjoyed the happiest time during my life.Being ill, she can't go to work today.The children ran out of the room, laughing and jumping.He sent me an e-mail, hoping to get further information2.现在分词的完成式由“having+动词过去分词”构成,其被动式为“having+been+动词过去分词”。

例如:Having finished all the work, they had a good rest.Having been given the right answer, the teacher asked me to sit down.Having suffered from heart trouble for years, Professor White has to takesome medicine with him wherever he goes.3.现在分词的否定式为“not+动词-ing”,被动式的否定式为“not+being+动词过去分词”,其完成式的否定式为“not+having +动词过去分词”,被动式的否定式为not+having+been+动词过去分词”例如:Not knowing what to do, he sat there crying.Not being noticed by the public, the young writer felt a little pity.二、过去分词作状语过去分词只有一种形式,即done,表被动。

动词ing的被动语态

动词ing的被动语态

动词i n g的被动语态集团文件版本号:(M928-T898-M248-WU2669-I2896-DQ586-M1988)动词i n g形式的被动结构动词ing形式包括动名词和现在分词两种形式,因而其被动结构也有这两种形式。

一、动名词的被动语态1.当动名词逻辑上的主语是动名词所表示的动作的对象时,动名词一般要用它的被动式。

He can't stand being laughed at. 他忍受不了被别人嘲笑。

So being killed by sharks was a common occurrence. 因此那时给鲨鱼吃掉是常有的事。

2.动名词的主动形式表被动含义(1)在want,need,require,deserve等动词后,常用动名词的主动形式表达被动含义。

The radio needs repairing.=The radio needs to be repaired. 这台收音机需要修理了。

(2)be worth后常跟动名词的主动形式表达被动含义。

The book is worth reading again.=The book is worthy of being read again. 这本书值得再读一遍。

My pen needs filling. 我的笔该上墨水了The point deserves mentioning. 这一点值得提一下二、现在分词的被动语态其构成为being/having been+过去分词。

如果现在分词所表示的动作与其逻辑主语之间是被动关系,则应用现在分词的被动形式。

The building being built is our library. 正在被建的这座楼是我们的图书馆。

Having been given the good chance,how could I give it up?既然给了这么好的机会,我又怎么能放弃?注意:当分词所表示的动作与谓语表示的动作同时发生或正在进行,则用being+过去分词;当分词所表示的动作在谓语表示的动作之前发生则用having been+过去分词。

动名词和现在分词的用法

动名词和现在分词的用法

动名词和现在分词的用法中学生在学习动名词和现在分词时容易混淆,先做如下分析:动名词既具有动词的一些特征,又具有名词的句法功能。

1.动名词的形式:Ving否定式:not+动名词(1)一般式:Seeingisbelieving.眼见为实。

(2)被动式:Hecametothepartywithoutbeinginvited.他未被邀请就来到了晚会。

(3)完成式:Werememberedhavingseenthefilm.我们记得看过这部电影。

(4)完成被动式:HeforgothavingbeentakentoGuangzhouwhenhewasfiveyearsold.他忘记五岁时曾被带到广州去过。

(5)否定式:not+动名词Iregretnotfollowinghisadvice.我后悔没听他的劝告。

(6)复合结构:物主代词(或名词所有格)+动名词Hesuggestedourtryingitonceagain.他建议我们再试一次。

HisnotknowingEnglishtroubledhimalot.他不懂英语给他带来许多麻烦。

2.动名词的句法功能:(1)作主语:Collectingstampsisinteresting.集邮很有趣。

当动名词短语作主语时常用it作形式主语。

It’snousequarrelling.争吵是没用的。

(2)作表语:Intheantcity,thequeen’sjobislayingeggs.在蚂蚁王国,蚁后的工作是产卵。

(3)作宾语:Wehavetopreventtheairfrombeingpolluted.我们必须阻止空气被污染。

注意动名词既可作动词宾语也可作介词宾语,如上面两个例句。

此外,动名词作宾语时,若跟有宾语补足语,则常用形式宾语it,例如:Wefounditnogoodmakingfunofothers.我们发现取笑他人不好。

要记住如下动词及短语只跟动名词作宾语:enjoy,finish,suggest,avoid(避免),excuse,delay,imagine,keep,miss,consider,admit(承认),deny(否认),mind,permit,forbid,practise,risk(冒险),appreciate(感激),bebusy,beworth,feellike,can’tstand,can’thelp(情不自禁地),thinkof,dreamof,befondof,prevent…(from),keep…from,stop…(from),protect…from,setabout,beengagedin,spend…(in),succeedin,beusedto,lookf orwardto,objectto,payattentionto,insiston,feellike(4)作定语:Hecan’twalkwithoutawalking-stick.他没有拐杖不能走路。

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He has always insisted on his ___B___ Dr. Turner
instead of Mr. Turner.
A. been called
B. being called
C. having called
D. called
While shopping, people sometimes can’t help __C__
B. Being suffered
C. To suffer
D. Suffered
3. She is shy. She is not used to __C___ in front
of others.
A. praise
B. praising
C. being praised D. be praised
4. ___B__ in a heavy traffic jam in a taxi while
you are hurrying to the airport is quite an
unpleasant experience.
A. Having caught B. Being caught
C. aught
a) 正在建造的房屋, 完工后将用作我们的图书馆。 The house _b_e_i_n_g__b_u_i_lt_ will be our library
upon its completion.
b) 所使用的教材都是时新的。 The textbooks __u_s_ed__ are all up-to-date.
Everybody likes __b_e_in_g__p_r_a_is_e_d___. b) 我记得曾经听过这故事。
I remember __h_a_v_in_g__b_e_e_n_t_o_l_d___ the story. 2) 在need/want/require(需要)和 be worth
(值得) 等词后面, 动名词的主动形式表示被动 意义。例如:a) 这件事需要调查。 The matter requires _l_o_o_k_in_g__in__to__.
harm to ones’s skin.
A. Exposed
B. Having exposed
C. Being exposed D. After being exposed
2)宾语 I could see he was terrified of being abandoned by us.
Do you remember having been taken to Beijing at the age of ten?
7) felt a little nervous.
b) 这么好的机会给了你, 你怎么能一点也不珍惜 呢? _H__a_v_in_g__b_e_e_n_g_i_v_e_n_ such a good chance, how could you not value it at all?
2) 作定语时, “being +过去分词”表示正在 进行的动作; done表示过去或已经完成 的动作; to be done表示将要发生的动作。如:
into buying something they don’t really need.
A. to persuade
B. persuading
C. being persuaded
D. be persuaded
3) 宾语补足语
I saw James being held up in the water by old Tom.
被邀请后, 李先生去参加了会议。 Having been invited, Mr Li went to attend the meeting. 我很感激两年前被给予了去国外学习的机会。
I appreciate having been given the chance to study abroad two years ago.
V-ing的被动式在句中可以作: 1)主语
2)Being laughed at in public is a terrible experience
被鲨鱼咬死是一件很普通的事情。
Being killed by sharks was a common thing.
__C___ to sunlight for too much time will do
The power station being built now will be one of the largest in Egypt. 她坚持被派给最苦的工作.
She insisted on being given the hardest task.
2)Having been done表示的被动动作发生在谓语动词 表示的动Байду номын сангаас之前。
The little girl was eventually aware of being abandoned by her parents in the mountainous village.
若不被邀请,他是不会来的。 (without)
He wouldn’t come without being invited. 下面短语中的 to 是介词, 后面只能跟名词或 V-ing:devote …to (投入……), get down to (着手干……), lead to (通向,导致), object to (反对), pay attention to (注意), look forward to (盼望), be used to (习惯于),stick to (坚持), prefer…to… 等。
The well was found __D__ when we got there.
A. digging
B. to be dug
C. to dig
D. being dug
I noticed that some people were taken to the police station.
I noticed some people being taken to the police station.
Grammar
The Passive ing-form (V-ing 形式的被动式)
V-ing形式的各种时态和语态:
时态 一般式 完成式
主动语态
被动语态
doing
being done
having done having been done
1. 动名词的被动式:
1)动名词的被动式有两种: being + 过去分词; 2) having been + 过去分词。例如: a) 每个人都喜欢得到赞美。
No one can prevent the plan __C___. A. from carrying out B. to be carried out C. being carried out D. to carry out
The bird was lucky that it just missed __B___.
A. being prepared
B. preparing
C. having been prepared D. prepared
2. __A__ such heavy pollution already, it may
now be too late to clean up the river.
A. Having suffered
= The matter requires to be looked into.
b) 这本书值得一读。
The book _is__w_o_r_t_h_r_e_a_d_i_n_g___.
= The book is worthy of being read. 2. 现在分词的被动式 1) 现在分词的被动式也有两种: being + 2) 过去分词 (强调事情正在发生); 3) having + been + 过去分词 (强调事情已经 4) 发生, 不作定语)。例如: 5) a) 她正接受提问, 感到有点儿紧张。 6) Be_i_n_g_a_s_k_e_d____to answer the question, she
4) 定语 The meeting being held now is very important. 但 having been done 不能作定语。
正在被建在公园旁边的宾馆是由一群年轻人建的。
The hotel being built now beside the park was designed by a group of young men.
A. catching
B. being caught
C. to be caught D. to catch
admit (承认), appreciate, avoid, can’t help (禁不住), stand(忍受), consider (考虑,打算), enjoy, escape (躲避), excuse, finish, give up, imagine, insist on, mind, miss (错过), practise, put off, risk, set about, suggest (建议)等后接v-ing。
c) 你打算参加下月召开的会议吗? Are you going to attend the meeting _t_o__b_e_h_e_l_d___ next month?
温馨提示:
1)being done表示的被动动作正在进行或与谓语动词 的动作同时发生, 或表示一般情况。
现在修建的发电站将是埃及最大的发电站之一。
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