自考本科英语二复习资料
自考英语二复习资料
xx 年 4 月自学在即，下面为大家准备了最新自考英语(二)复习资料，希翼对大家的自考英语(二)考试有所匡助!1. weaken: v 削弱、减弱，字根： weak: a 虚弱的构词形式： adj/n + en 或者 en + adj/n =vShorten, enlarge, enable, enrich, loosen, tightec.2. nationwide: a 全国范围的，通过该词我们可以得到：worldwide:全世界范围的， regionwide, etc.3.legal: a 合法的，反义词： illegal,不合法的;legalize: v 使…合法化。
TheNetherlandsbecame the first country to legalize euthanasia.4. ensure: v 确保、担保，常见用法如下：1). The police can ensure the witness from danger.2). We can ensure that the work will be done intheright way.5. oppose: v 反对、对抗;名词： opposition, 形容词：opposed1). What he said was totally opposed to the facts.2). Many people oppose building a new highway becauseof the great cost.6. tradition: n 传统，由此可以联想到：traditional: a; traditionally: ad; 反义词为： modern1). Chinese medicine is believed to beeffective for many diseases.2). It's important to keep up the fine of plainliving and hard work.3). Christmas is a holiday for a family to gettogether.Answers: Traditional, tradition, traditionally7. consideration: n 考虑、体谅、照应，由此可以联想到：Consider: v 考虑;considerate: a 体谅的， be considerate of; considerable: a 相当多的。
自考英语二复习资料
• UNIT 1•重点单词和短语• objective accomplish predict accompany attain scheme skilledargue define• interview prospect• course of action in the way<by the way, in no way, in a way> make a guess atcontribute to and the like <and so on>• seek to do sth. in part point of view vary from…to …• apply for <to>• have no idea bring about take the trouble to do• put oneself in one’s place•to one’s advantage at a disadvantage ask for in hand turn down<up, on, off, out, over, back>•重点、难点句子详解• 1.A decision is a choice made from among alternative coursesof action that are available.•解析：courses of action意思是行动方案、做事步骤；made是过去分词；from among为二重介词•例：We’ll inform you as soon as tickets become _____.<06-4>• A. valuable B. capable C. acceptable D. available<D>•2. … some suggest that the mana gement process is decision making.•解析：suggest表示认为、提出、暗示意思,后面不用虚拟语气,表示建议意思,后面用虚拟语气.•例：It is suggested that the meeting <should> be held<hold>at some other time.•3. … decision making includes limiting alternatives as well as identifying them.•解析：as well as意思是既…又…• 4. In fact, I did have several questions, but you have already answered them all.•解析：助动词do在肯定句中用在动词之前表示强调,意思是确实.•5. … but do not let it worry you too much.•解析：动词let, make, have, hear, see, observe等词之后的宾语补足语为省略to 的不定式结构.•6. There is little likelihood that …•对比：There is a/ every/no likelihood that/of•例：The two sisters are ___ in many ways, not only in appearance but also intemperament.<06-4>• A. like B. likely C. alike D. lively <C>•• UNIT2•重点单词和短语• exert collapse shrink basis launch convince operaterevolve glitter unlikely <be likely to> whereasconcerned <be concerned about>plateau• in theory apply to depend on research intoswallow up make useof together with in every respect in other words consist of a greatmany under the circumstances make a difference aboveall as a rule• seek to do sth. in part point of view vary from…to …•例：I hope my boy friend will be handsome, strong and ___ kind. <06-4>• A. above all B. in all C. at all D. after all<A>•重点、难点句子详解• 1. Einstein claimed that matter and energy are interchangeable…•例：爱因斯坦声称物质和能量是可以相互转化的,因此没有绝对的时间和空间.<05-4-68>• 2. It is only recently that astronomers have begun specific research into black holes.•例1：It is on Friday ___ we will hold the meeting.• A. that B. when C. in that time D. what <A>•例2: As a painter, Ted was very ___ about the colors he used.<03-10>• A. specific B. special C. peculiar D. particular <D>• 3. The earth is one of mine planets which move in orbit roundthe sun.•对比：The earth is the only one of the nine planets which haslife on it.• 4. The total water area is about three times as large as theland area.•解析：数词+times + as +形容词+as是表示倍数的表达法. •例：It is important to note that a reading of 4 indicates an earthquake ten times as strongas one with a reading of 3. <unit 6 text B>• 5. The more we learn about other people, the better we understand their ideas, and, as arule, the better we like those people themselves.•解析：the+比较级,the+比较级结构,意思是越…越…,第一个从句中谓语动词不用倒装,第二个从句谓语动词可以用倒装,也可以用正装语气.•例：___ we are, ___ we become.• A. the oldest; the wiser B. older; wiser• C. the older, the more wise D. the older; the wiser<D>• UNIT 3•重点单词和短语• deteriorate debate <on/upon> request ensure oppose<beopposed to> burden sensitive privilege appoint biasaccessible• recruit• be affected with carry out in addition to in this case open upcare for take into account have …at heart be sensitive to opt out offor short amount to• on <the> average compete with blame sb. for sth. by nature when itcomes to• be related to be worth doing••重点、难点句子详解• 1. It is very easy in society now for the elderly, the disabledand the dependent to feel thatthey are burdens.•例：It is important ___ there in time.• A. for you to get B. to you to get C. your getting D. of yougetting <A>•2. And it may be worth remembering that …•解析：be worth意思是值得,后面接名词、代词以与主动形式的动名词.• 3. Many people, though, are totally against the practice of euthanasia.•解析：Though是一个起连结性作用的副词,意思相当于however, but.•4. "Well, it’s not as if I’m planning to murder a crowd ofpeople with a machine gun.〞•解析：As if 引出的从句,谓语动词根据实际情况选择用虚拟语气形式还是一般陈述语气.•例：It seems as if it were spring now. 使用虚拟语气•• UNIT 4•重点单词和短语• domestic exploit campaign execute convict incidencedeserve• despite deport minimum maintenance guilt immigrantweed deny degrade inhumane civil liberty disaffectionargument circus•• bring over watch over in unison call up pay back up to a greatdeal of •be supposed to convict … of feel like protect …from • risk doing sth.• deal with according to be deserving of threatento do sth. agree to dosth.• distinguish from react to clean up•重点、难点句子详解• 1. And they can have their passports removed, making leaving or "escaping〞 virtuallyimpossible.•解析：making…是分词短语,表示结果,impossible做宾补.removed是过去分词作宾补,表示有完成和被动的含义.• 2. It is, they say, the right to change employers which distinguishes employment fromslavery.•解析：they say是插入语,本句是一个强调句式,which可以改成that,句子会更正式.• 3. Six out of every ten prisoners in chains are black, which is why the chain gangs call upimages of slavery in centuries gone by.•解析：数字+out of every+数字,意思是每…个中就有…个；which引导非限定性的定语从句修饰前面整个句子;gone by是分词短语修饰centuries 表示已经完成.• 4. What they will do is make prisoners more angry, more hostile…•解析：what引导的主语从句中带有实义动词do,表语不定式可以带to,也可以省略to.•• UNIT 5•重点单词和短语• folk transformation distinct sentiment originate spontaneoussynthesis• readily amplifier electronics studio penetrating therebyparticipate• multimedia live inspire invariably improvise constructivecreative• preliminary painstaking conception temper mold diversifiedconventional harmony evident• take over take on take up take over take place build out of inexistence• in a sense at a stretch serve as in advance forthe sake of be born• in fashion begin with it goes without saying that•重点、难点句子详解• 1. What happened, as well as it can be put into words, was this.•解析：第一个as 是副词,第二个as 是连词,well是副词修饰put,注意区别as wellas;•例: Those stories, as well as this boring one, have been told almost hundreds of times.• 2. Electronics did, in fact, make possible sounds that no instrument up to that time couldproduce.•解析：make是谓语动词,sounds that no instrument up to that time could produce是宾语,possible是宾补前置了,英语中有时为了句子结构的平衡,可对句子结构进行调整.• 3. It is difficult to summarize the composing methods of so diversified a group.•解析：so/too+形容词+a/an +名词以与such+a/an+形容词+名词是固定搭配,例如：He was not so big a fool as he looked.• 4. The creative act with Palestrina is not thematic conception so much as the personaltreatment of well-established pattern.•解析：not …so much as …意思是与其说…不如说…,不像…那么…• UNIT 6•重点单词和短语• efficiency appliance specific shade prevalent increasinglyswitch• defective spray personnel completion assemble cast reductioncritical• intensify warning precede speculate partial reliability forecastdecay• subside analyze shift• expose sth./sb. to to a degree convert …to/into prevent…from• in between• be responsible for in question differ from work on in that• plenty of•be capable of too …to be on the alert set up associate with• be involved in•重点、难点句子详解• 1. Thus, people who need to exert much energy in their work will find relaxation mostdesirable in leisure.•解析：exert oneself to do sth.意思是努力做某事；find+宾语+补语〔adj, -ing, -ed, 不定式,介词短语〕.• 2. Hence, it can be argued that the people with whom we come into contact in these various contexts are…•解析：It can be argued that…是以it作形式主语的被动语态结构,类似的还有：It issaid that, It is believed that, It is reported that, It is thought that; with whom …是介词+关系代词的限定性定语从句,修饰people. Come into contact with 与…接触• 3.It is not how much time you allocate for study that counts but how much you learnwhen you do study.•解析：这是一个强调句式,被强调的部分可以是主语、宾语、状语以与从句,可用that,which,who 引导.• 4.This will not only keep the study habit alive but also keep you up to date on your classassignments and projects.•解析：keep +宾语+adj.意思是使…保持某种状态；up to date 意思是最新的,切合目前情况的.•• UNIT 8•重点单词和短语• internal external overcome destination reset neutral feasibleproceeding• alarm promote interact fade duration moderate distractionexceptional• remedy productivity appreciate mislead typical• effect on blame sth. on sb.= blame sb. for sth. as fresh as paint now that• leave alone out of step in time a short cut come across due to attendto• fall apart be true of lack of at hand at once play a role in be faced with• account for to date= so far = up to now•重点、难点句子详解• 1. Confused? So was John Foster Dulles, the American Secretary of State.•解析：confused是are you confused?的省略句；当以So开头表示与前边情况类似的句子时,要用倒装语序.例如：My brother can speak French, so can my sister.• 2. It is not feasible to wait four days until the body is used to the new time zone.•解析：it是形式主语,真正的主语是不定式结构,until 与not 连用,翻译为直到…才,例如：Don’t open the door until the train stops.• 3. There is evidence , of course, that motivation plays an important role in overcoming theeffects of distractors and that there are considerable differences in …•解析：两个that引导的同位语从句,说明evidence;• UNIT 9•重点单词和短语• dependency upwards liability revision lengthenalter proportionappreciation acknowledge neglect esteem handle appropriatewithdraw• worthless•approximate to be classified as rather than in one’s thirties in terms of•take advantage of cope with no other …than look down on view as•exchange …for•例：It would be better to make a decision now, ___ leave it until next week. <06-4>• A. other than B. rather than C. less than D. more than B•重点、难点句子详解•1. …because lots of de pendent babies are more of a liability than numbers of the inactiveaged.•解析：be+of+名词,表示具有与该名词同源的形容词的性质.例: The girl is ofbeauty.= The girl is beautiful. A number of = numbers of表示一些、若干,谓语动词用复数the number of表示…的数目,谓语动词用单数.• 2. There is often resistance to the idea that it is because the birthrate fell earlier in Westernand Northwestern Europe than elsewhere, rather than becauseof any change in the deathrate, that we have grown so old.•解析：the idea后的that 引导同位语从句,同位语从句部分是一个it is …that …结构的强调句型,强调部分是原因状语从句；rather than意思是"而不是〞.• 3. Children need help understanding that their self-esteemand the self-esteem of thosethey interact with have a direct effect on each other.•解析：that引导的宾语从句,包含一个省略that的定语从句,they interact with修饰those; have an effect on/upon …对…有影响.• UNIT10•重点单词和短语• strategy representative democratic nominee certainty declinecongress• loyalty provision election stir pursue dominate competitoropposition• nominate collectively automatically contest assault •stand no chance of identify…as impact on either…or … draw away from• focus on lose sth. to sb. in number break up in the running in /out ofpower • in favor of come into power carry on a number of as a consequence of• as a result of break down•重点、难点句子详解• 1. Although presidential elections occur every 4 years.•解析：occur意思是发生,occur to 被想起,例如：An idea has occurred to me.• 2. In deciding whether to pursue a course of action, they try to estimate its likely impacton the voters.•解析：course of action 意思是行动方案；• 3. The advantage of the second party over the third is so great that it is the only party thatis likely to be able to overturn the party in power.•解析：have an advantage over …优于；so …that 如此…以至于引导结果状语从句,that 引导的状语从句中,包含一个that引导的定语从句.• 4. Usually the small parties collectively poll less than 5 per cent of the vote cast innational election.•解析：cast是过去分词.• UNIT 11•重点单词和短语• disorder irrelevant misleading simulate replace undergo negativeremark• relief deprive prevail delightful literal nevertheless touchingcontented• imperative devotion refine•do research into aim for take…for granted feel bitter at sacrifice to becentral to• do experiment on be irrelevant to bring out goings and comings at easeplea for• not<never> for a moment catch/seize hold of•例：你所说的与我们正在讨论的毫不相干.〔06-4〕•重点、难点句子详解• 1. The famous example of thalidomide is a case for more animal testing, not less.•解析：for意思是in favor of; support; case 案例、病例、实例•例：Doctors believe that bad nerves are the cause of sleeplessness in ninety-nine ___ outof a hundred.• A. examples B. events C. instances D. cases <D>• 2. When it comes to research into heart disease and its effects on the body, or disease ofthe brain for example, we do not have adequate substitutes for the use of animals.•解析：when it comes to是一个固定句型,意思是当谈到…的时候；substitute for意思是代替、替换,for 后面是被替换的对象；例如：Honey can substitute for sugar.• 3. Many other new techniques are now available that enable more research to be done inthe test tube…•解析：that 引导的是定语从句,修饰techniques; available 意思是可以应用、使用.• UNIT 12•重点单词和短语• symptom intellectual detail enhance initial confront sensitivitysurrounding character modest miserable administration respectivelyvolunteer identity primarily psychology undertake gamble• be contrary to put off be confronted with draw on dream of at seaimpress on•in reality let go of gaze on be aware of in one’s mind’s eye go overfree from•put aside=set aside be beneficial to add up to at one’s best influence on inturn• in general make a difference•例：1. With all this done, I have been freed <free> from all troubles and responsibilities.<05-4>• 2. Although she is very busy, Mum ___ some time every dayto read to us.• A. sets off B. sets for C. sets aside D. sets upC•重点、难点句子详解• 1. Not only are they less able to deal with the pressure of day-to-day existence, but also…•解析：not only放在句首,后面的谓语动词采取倒装形式.• 2. In another experiment at Yale University, Dr. Jerome found that daydreaming resultedin improved self-control and enhanced creative thinking ability. •解析：improved, enhanced都是过去分词做定语,修饰后面的名词词组；result in 意思是导致、结果是.• 3. "you can relate this to wakening psychology, where being alone leads to moreunhappiness.〞•解析：where翻译成在刚睡醒的状态下,引导定语从句修饰wakening psychology.• UNIT 13•重点单词和短语• compel voluntary coincide with eliminate subtle outrage tightenexcessive competition encounter series assembly disapproval response• at a guess go in for expect to do so far as sb. knows attitude towards take it easy• on and off put an end to expect sth. of sb. in return have an edge on/over• so long as apply oneself to at present on occasion sit down on in vain• with a view to•重点、难点句子详解• 1. because they can put their aggression into their work, be it physical like the work of asmith, or mental like the work of a scientist or an artist.•解析：be it…or…意思就是whether it is …or …,就是一个让步状语从句,省略引导词, be提前；参见教材166页,注释3.• 2. Since the bosses cannot do without profit, workers have an edge.•解析：do without没有也行；have an edge有优势.• 3. Most people not directly engaged in daily work express disapproval when they hear ofpeople working on and off.•解析：engaged in是过去分词短语,修饰people.• UNIT 14•重点单词和短语• device capture belonging convince suspectprofound wrathrestriction• illegal ban suicide indication eruption extentqueue flee pledgerejection• inflict• to no avail comment on convince sb. to do sth.deny sth. to sb. commitsuicide• cut off•重点、难点句子详解•1. That’s where her path crossed that of Michael LaSane, who, police say, wanted justsuch a car to celebrate his 17th birthday.•解析：where引导的是表语从句,cross one’s path意思是与某人相遇； that代指path.•2. He will not make a ___ on LaSane’s side of the conversation. <03-10>• A. statement B. reference C. comment D. note ©• 3. And it is this that inflicts the true terrible wound on South African society.•解析：这是一个强调句式,inflict sth. on sb. 使某人遭受打击、惩罚.• 4. The tensions are real, the threat of a violent eruption constant.•解析：the threat of a violent eruption后面省略了谓语动词is.• UNIT 15•重点单词和短语• sensible persist profusion logic evaluate ultimate obscure concreteconquer prolong proof possess expansion secondary promotiondiploma• award sociology establishment journalism diversity economics• pull down mistake for come to terms with end in reflect on come about• enable to do respect for make over speculate on on the contrary as for/to• demand for go to law against go along with•重点、难点句子详解• 1. Facts are terrible things if left spreading and unexamined. •解析：if从句后面省略了they are.•2. It could obscure man’s awareness of the need to come to terms with himself.•解析：come to terms with习惯于、满足于• 3. And it requires som ething far scarcer than money…•解析：far修饰比较级,much, a lot, a little, even, still后面都可以修饰比较级.• I. Vocabulary and Structure•题型概述：• 10题,10分,考察词汇、语法的灵活使用.•考查的知识点：•大纲所要求的词汇、语法,重点考查其在实际句子中的灵活应用. •出题来源：•以课本课文为主,尤其是下半年考题.•复习重点：•背诵生词词组,复习语法,熟悉课文,同时做课后练习.•答题方法：•从三个方面考虑答题：语义线、语法线、结构线,三线合一选择出最佳答案.•答题时间：• 15分钟• II. Cloze•题型概述：•完形填空是测试语言知识的有效手段,试题为一篇200-250词长度的文章,其中留出10个空格,要求考生从短文后面所附的选择项中选出最佳答案填入空格中,使短文意思通顺,前后连贯,结构完整.•考查的知识点：•本题考查的重点为语法,一些常用词和惯用词的搭配使用、固定用法.以与阅读理解能力.•出题来源：•选自教材以外.•复习重点：• 1〕明确考查的目标； 2〕把握文章大意；• 3〕注意句子的语法结构；4〕认真对比备选答案•答题方法：• 1〕瞻前顾后,注意文章的连贯,理解透彻掌握大意、观点；2〕圈点标注；3〕分析句子结构；4〕对比答案•答题时间：• 15-20分钟• III. Reading comprehension•题型概述：•英语二的阅读理解部分属于综合能力考查题目,要求考生掌握基本阅读技能,能正确理解语言难度略低于课文内容,生词不超过3%的一般题材的文章,共3篇,15题,30分.•考查的知识点：•词汇、语法,考查逻辑分析能力、记忆信息的能力,语言的使用能力,洞察力、领悟力.•出题来源：•体裁以议论、说明为主；题材主要是文化、教育、习俗、历史,甚至家庭的一些东西以与科普知识,绝对不会考一些特别专业的天文地理知识.•复习重点：• 1〕读懂长句；2〕读懂细节并短时记忆；3〕理解把握住作者的观点、文章大意；•答题方法：• 1〕圈点到位； 2〕把握问题题干中的信号词；3〕反复对比答案,择优而选•答题时间：• 40-50分钟,也可以稍微多一点• IV. Word spelling•题型概述：•本题型是直接考查考生对大纲所要求的生词的掌握情况,要求根据汉语意思和词性以与首字母提示和规定的字母数量来写出所需要的单词.20小题,每题0.5分.•考查的知识点：•大纲以与课文所要求的生词.•出题来源：•大纲中,以与课文中出现的单词,有时也包括上册书中的.•复习重点：•背诵单词.•答题方法：•看汉语意思与词性,然后试填,遗留下来的最后再填,最后检查一遍.•答题时间：10分钟• V. Word form•题型概述：•本题型10题10分,这个题型考查考生的综合语言应用能力.效度很高.•考查的知识点：•尤其是考察动词时态、语态,非谓语动词,虚拟语气,形容词副词比较级,单词各种变形.•出题来源：•少量来自课本课后习题.•复习重点：•重点语法的复习,平时多练习.•答题方法：•你要先判断是考动词、形容词、虚拟语气还是词形变化.然后做出相应形式变化.•答题时间：10-15分钟• VI. Translation from Chinese into English/from English into Chinese•题型概述：•本题型是直接考查考生的英汉互译能力.汉译英是5个句子,每题3分,共15分.英译汉是一篇150字左右的英文文章翻译成汉语,15分.•考查的知识点：•词汇、语法,翻译能力.•出题来源：•汉译英出自教材,5个句子基本出自课后翻译练习与其变形. •英译汉出自课外材料,一篇文章,长度为150字左右.•复习重点：•汉译英的复习要吃透课本,做好课后翻译练习,注意word study 的用法和例句,平时多训练.•英译汉的复习要仔细理解下册书中关于翻译的方法讲解,重在领会翻译的精神和要求.。
提供-自考英语二复习资料
全国高等教育自学考试英语（二）主要内容•试卷分析和最新出题思路•重点语法•备考要诀及学习方法最新出题思路（1）与课文的关系往年与课文有关的大题：第一、第四、第五和第六大题近年与课文有关的大题：第四和第六大题建议：熟读课文，掌握课文中的大纲词汇，特别留意课文中体现重点语法和经典句型的句子。
(2) 与课文无关的大题：第二、第三、第七大题。
文章选材：主要涉及社会文化、风俗习惯、教育、历史、和生活常识等内容。
建议：广泛阅读此类题材的文章，最好是中英文对照版本。
推荐杂志：《英语沙龙》，《大学英语》，《英语学习》。
每道题的考点：第一题：词汇语法题主要考点：定语从句、名词性从句的引导词；状语从句的连接词；词汇辨析；固定搭配；常用句型。
近年来词汇题比重增加。
建议：通过学习教材上下册，熟练掌握基本语法，背熟大纲词汇，加强同义词、近义词、和形似词的比较，牢记固定搭配。
历年试题举例：1. At the end of 1994 the British government introduced new measures to help____domestic workers from abuse by their employers.[A] protect [B] suspect [C] expect [D]inspect Ａ2. I’m wondering why he hasn’t turned ___ at the meeting.[A] down [B] up [C] out [D] over Ｂ3. By using both ears one can tell the direction ___ a soundcomes.[A] in which [B] from which[C] over which[D] with which Ｂ第二题：完型填空题主要考点：除了第一大题已提到的考点外，还注重考察介词、连词、副词、代词等虚词的用法。
全国高等教育自学考试 大学英语(二)复习资料Unit 2 B
Text B Worlds within WorldsNew Words1.planet n.行星2.revolve vi.旋转；绕转3.solar a.太阳的，日光的；利用太阳光的rgely ad.1.大量地；2.主要地5.glitter vi.闪闪发光，闪烁n.闪光6.cloudless a.无云的，晴朗的7.unlikely a.未必可能的；靠不住的8.astronaut n.宇航员9.thrilling a.1.令人激动的；2.颤动的，震颤的10.outer a.外部的11.whereas conj.而，却；反之12.lesser a.较小的，更少的，次要的13.concerned a.1.有关的；2.关切的，担心的14.microscopic a.1.显微镜的；2.微观的；3.微小的，细微的15.whilst conj.1.当…时；2.然而；3.虽然，尽管16.plateau ([复]plateaus或plateaux) n.高原17.tropical a.1.热带的；2.炎热的18.coloured a.有色的19.religion n.宗教；宗教信仰20.circumstance n.[pl.]情况，环境；境遇Phrases and Expressions1.a great many 很多2.above all 首先，首要3.as a rule 通常；一般说来together with 和First of all let us consider the earth (that is to say, the world) as a planet revolving round the sun.The earth is one of nine planets which move in orbit round the sun.These nine planets, together with the sun, make up what is called our solar systems.How this wonderful system started and what kept it working with such wonderful accuracy is largely a mystery but astronomers tell us that it is only one of millions of similar systems in space, and one of the smallest.The stars which we see glittering in the sky on a dark and cloudless night are almost certainly the suns of other solar systems more of less like our own, but they are so far away in space that it is unlikely that we shall ever get to know verymuch about them.About our own solar system, however, we are learning more every day.Before the American and Russian astronauts made their thrilling journeys into outer space it was difficult for us to realize what our earth looked like from hundreds of thousands of miles away, but the photographs which the astronauts were able to take show us the earth in space looking not very different from what the moon looks like when we look at it from the earth.The earth is, however, very different from the moon, which the American astronauts have found to be without life or vegetation, whereas our earth is very much alive in every respect.The moon, by the way, is called a satellite because it goes round our earth as well as round the sun.In our words, it goes round the sun with our earth.The surface of our earth is covered by masses of land and larger areas of water.Let us consider the water areas first.The total water area is about three times as large as the land area.The very large separate areas of water are called "oceans" and the lesser areas are called "seas."In most of the oceans and seas some of the water is found to be flowing in a particular direction ―that is to say, from one part towards another part of the ocean or sea concerned.The water which is flowing in this manner is said to be moving as a "current." There are many thousands of currents in the waters of the oceans and seas, but only certain of the stronger and better marked currents are specially named and of great importance.There currents are important because they affect the climate of the land areas close to where they flow and also because they carry large quantities of microscopic animal and vegetable life which forms a large part of the food for fishes.The nature and characteristics of the surface of the land areas of the earth vary a great deal from area to area and from place to place.The surface of some areas consists largely of high mountains and deep valleys whilst, in other areas, most of the surface consists of plains.If one made a journey over the Continents one world find every kind of surface including mountain ranges, plains, plateaux, deserts, tropical forestlands and empty areas covered permanently by ice and snow.When thinking and learning about the world we should not forget that our world is the home of a vary great many different people ― peoples with different coloured skins, livi ng very different lives and having very different ideas about a great many important things such as religion, government, education and social behaviour.The circumstances under which different people live make a great difference between the way in which they live and the way in which we live, and it ought to be our business to try to understand those different circumstances so that we can better understand people of other lands.Above all, we should avoid deciding what we think about people different from ourselves without first having learned a great deal about them and the kind of lives they have to live.It is true to say that the more we learn about other people , the better we understand their ideas and, as a rule, the better we like those people themselves.词汇讲解：1.revolve v.旋转，绕转The earth revolves round / around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。
自考英语二重点复习资料
1. organizational: a 组织上的组织上的由此我们可以联想到：organize: v 组织；organization: n 组织；organizer: n 组织者请看下列习题，选择该组词里恰当的词填空：1). Last week, our school ________ a spring outing. 2). The task calls for the highest _________ skill. 3). China has joined World Trade __________. 4). He is the __________ of the speech contest. Answers: organized, organizational, Organization, organizer 2. objective: n 目标；目标；a 客观的，反义词subjective: 主观的3. predict: v 预言、预示；预言、预示；由此我们可以联想到：prediction: n 预言；predictable: a 可预测的；predictor: n 预言家4. simplify: v 简化简化由此我们可以联想到：simple: a 简单的；simply: ad 简单地，仅仅地；simplification: n 简化；simplified: a 被简化的。
Exercises for the above words: 1). The machine is _____ in operation but complex in structure. the original is beyond our capacity while ____ edition 2). Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet in is quite easy. 3). There is no point in arguing about it, because it is _______ a question of procedure. 4). The ______ of working process freed the workers fro heavy labor. Answers: simple; simplified; simply; simplification 5. tendency: n 趋势、倾向；倾向于…，tend to do sth 趋势、倾向；tend : v 倾向于e.g. old people have the tendency of getting fatter. Or old people tend to get fatter. 6. managerial: a 经理的、经营上的；经理的、经营上的；由此我们可以联想到：manage: v管理、经营；management: n; manager: n 经营者，管理者；manageable: a 可管理的、可经营的。
自考《英语二》高等教育自学考试2024年复习试题与参考答案
2024年高等教育自学考试自考《英语二》复习试题与参考答案一、阅读判断（共10分）First Question: Reading Comprehension and JudgmentPassage:In today’s rapidly evolving world, technology is playing an increasingly important role in our daily lives. One area where this is particularly evident is education. Traditional classroom learning is being complemented by digital tools that allow for personalized learning experiences. Online courses, educational software, and mobile applications are changing the way students learn and teachers teach.Technology has made it possible for students to access educational resources from anywhere at any time, provided they have an internet connection. This flexibility has opened up opportunities for those who might not otherwise be able to attend traditional schools due to geographic or financial constraints. However, while technology offers many benefits, it also poses challenges. Not all students have equal access to these technological resources, which can lead to disparities in educational outcomes. Furthermore, the reliance on technology raises questions about the skills that students will need in the future, as well as the roles of educators in guiding them.Despite these challenges, the integration of technology into education continues to grow. As we move forward, it will be essential to ensure equitable access to technology and to prepare students for a future where digital literacy is as crucial as traditional academic skills.Questions:1、The passage states that technology plays a minor role in education.Answer: False2、According to the text, online courses are one example of how technology complements traditional learning.Answer: True3、Technology has made education less accessible to people with financial limitations.Answer: False4、The passage suggests that the use of technology in education does not create any disparities.Answer: False5、Educators will need to adapt their roles to include guiding students in developing digital literacy.Answer: True第二题Read the following passage and then answer the questions below it.The internet has revolutionized the way we communicate and accessinformation. It has become an indispensable part of our daily lives, offering convenience and efficiency like never before. However, along with its benefits, the internet also brings challenges and risks.1、The internet has made our daily lives more convenient.2、The internet has had a significant impact on how we communicate.3、The passage suggests that the internet is not without its drawbacks.4、The passage implies that the internet is a necessary component of our lives.5、The author does not explicitly mention any risks associated with the internet.Answer the following questions based on the passage:1、（T/F）The internet has made our daily lives more convenient.2、（T/F）The internet has had a significant impact on how we communicate.3、（T/F）The passage suggests that the internet is not without its drawbacks.4、（T/F）The passage implies that the internet is a necessary component of our lives.5、（T/F）The author does not explicitly mention any risks associated with the internet.Answers:1、True2、True3、True4、True5、True二、阅读理解（共10分）Title: The Power of ReadingReading has been a vital part of human civilization since ancient times. It is a means of acquiring knowledge, understanding different perspectives, and expanding our horizons. In today’s fas t-paced world, where information is readily available at our fingertips, the significance of reading as a habit cannot be overstated.Books have the power to transport us to faraway lands, introduce us to fascinating characters, and spark imaginations. They can evoke emotions that range from joy and laughter to sadness and contemplation. Moreover, reading regularly can improve cognitive abilities, enhance vocabulary, and foster empathy.In an era where technology dominates our lives, it is easy to overlook the benefits of traditional reading. However, research has shown that digital distractions can hinder deep thinking and concentration. On the contrary, reading physical books or even e-books without distractions can significantly improve focus and comprehension.Beyond personal growth, reading is also a crucial skill for academic and professional success. It is a fundamental requirement for many educationalprograms and job positions. Students who read regularly perform better academically and develop critical thinking skills that are highly valued in today’s workforce.Furthermore, reading promotes lifelong learning. It encourages us to seek answers, question assumptions, and stay curious. As we grow older, our interests may evolve, but the joy of discovering new ideas through reading remains constant.Questions:1.What is the primary purpose of the passage?A) To criticize the use of technology in education.B) To promote the benefits of reading as a habit.C) To argue against the availability of information online.D) To describe the history of reading in human civilization.2.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a benefit of reading regularly?A) Improved cognitive abilities.B) Increased focus and concentration.C) Enhanced physical fitness.D) Fostered empathy.3.According to the passage, why might digital distractions hinder deep thinking and concentration?A) Because they provide too much information at once.B) Because they make it difficult to stay focused on one task.C) Because they are not as effective as traditional reading methods.D) Because they are not suitable for academic or professional success.4.What is the importance of reading for academic and professional success?A) It is not essential but helpful.B) It is a fundamental requirement for many educational programs and job positions.C) It is only important for students, not professionals.D) It is not relevant in today’s technological world.5.What does the passage suggest about the joy of reading?A) It decreases as we grow older.B) It remains constant regardless of our age or interests.C) It is only present in physical books, not e-books.D) It is limited to certain types of books or genres.Answers:1.B) To promote the benefits of reading as a habit.2.C) Enhanced physical fitness.3.B) Because they make it difficult to stay focused on one task.4.B) It is a fundamental requirement for many educational programs and job positions.5.B) It remains constant regardless of our age or interests.三、概况段落大意和补全句子（共10分）First Question: Summarize the Main Idea and Complete the SentencesRead the following passage carefully and then summarize its main idea. After that, complete each of the sentences (1-5) below according to the information given in the passage. Write no more than 8 words for each blank.Passage:In recent years, there has been a significant shift towards online learning as an alternative or complement to traditional classroom-based education. Online learning offers unprecedented flexibility and accessibility, allowing students from all walks of life to pursue further education without being physically present at educational institutions. However, this new mode of education also presents unique challenges. For one, it requires a high level of self-discipline and time management skills from learners. Additionally, the lack of face-to-face interaction can sometimes lead to feelings of isolation among students. Despite these drawbacks, many educators believe that online learning is here to stay and will continue to evolve, offering increasingly sophisticated tools and resources to enhance the learning experience.Questions:1、The passage mainly discusses ________.Answer: The rise of online learning and its implications.2、One advantage of online learning is ________.Answer: Flexibility and accessibility.3、Online learning requires students to have ________.Answer: Self-discipline and time management skills.4、A disadvantage of online learning might be ________.Answer: Feelings of isolation due to lack of face-to-face interaction.5、According to the passage, the future of online learning is expected to ________.Answer: Evolve with better tools and resources.第二题Reading Content:In this fast-paced modern world, continuous learning and personal development have become crucial. Higher education self-study examination, also known as self-study examination, has emerged as a popular and effective way for individuals to advance their education and career. This type of examination allows students to study independently and take exams at their own pace, providing flexibility and convenience. The English Second level self-study examination is specifically designed for those who wish to improve their English proficiency through self-study.1.The main idea of the paragraph is that:A) Self-study examination is a traditional method of learning.B) Higher education self-study examination is a flexible and convenient option.C) English proficiency is not a priority in modern education.D) The paragraph is about the history of self-study examinations.Answer: B) Higher education self-study examination is a flexible and convenient option.2.According to the paragraph, self-study examination:A) Is only available for students who attend regular classes.B) Requires students to follow a strict schedule.C) Allows students to study independently and at their own pace.D) Is less effective than traditional classroom learning.Answer: C) Allows students to study independently and at their own pace.3.The paragraph mentions that the English Second level self-study examination:A) Is designed for students who are already proficient in English.B) Is a way for students to improve their English proficiency.C) Is more difficult than regular English courses.D) Is only offered in certain countries.Answer: B) Is a way for students to improve their English proficiency.4.The author implies that:A) Self-study examination is not as popular as traditional education.B) Self-study examination is only for those who are highly motivated.C) Self-study examination is not as effective as classroom learning.D) Self-study examination is not suitable for everyone.Answer: B) Self-study examination is only for those who are highly motivated.5.The paragraph suggests that:A) Higher education self-study examination is a recent development.B) Self-study examination is becoming less popular.C) The English Second level self-study examination is the most difficult.D) Self-study examination is a sustainable and effective way of learning.Answer: D) Self-study examination is a sustainable and effective way of learning.四、填空补文（共10分）Reading Passage:In many countries around the world, higher education is seen not only as a personal investment but also as a public good. Universities and colleges serve as centers of learning, innovation, and cultural exchange. However, access to higher education is often limited by financial constraints. To address this issue, some governments provide (1)_______aid to students in the form of grants and loans. Additionally, universities themselves may offer scholarships based on academic merit or (2) _______. Despite these efforts, disparities in access remain, particularly between urban and rural areas, and among different socio-economic groups. Some argue that technology, especially online learning platforms, can play a crucial role in (3)_______the gap and providing more inclusive access to higher education. Yet, there are concerns about the quality and (4)_______of online education compared to traditional classroom settings. Therefore, it is essential to find a balanced approach that leverages technology while maintaining educational standards and (5) _______.Questions:(1)The government provides_______aid to students.A)financialB)emotionalC)physicalD)technical(2)Scholarships may be offered based on academic merit or _______.A)athletic abilityB)family connectionsC)musical talentD)political influence(3)Technology can help in_______the gap in education access.A)increasingB)wideningC)bridgingD)deepening(4)Concerns are raised about the quality and_______of online education.A)costB)durationC)effectivenessD)popularity(5)A balanced approach should maintain educational standards and _______.A)affordabilityB)entertainmentC)traditionD)accessibilityAnswers:1.A) financial2.A) athletic ability3.C) bridging4.C) effectiveness5.D) accessibility五、填词补文（共15分）第一题阅读以下文章，然后根据文章内容选择合适的词填入空格中。
自考英语2复习资料
自考英语2复习资料自考英语2复习资料在历次自考中都占据重要的地位，自考的成或败很大程度上也取决于考生的英语，下面请看店铺带来的自考英语2复习资料自考英语2复习资料一、自考英语2复习资料二、常考句型1、范万德尔重病在身，再也不能说清楚话，他知道他没有康复的希望，身体状况正在急剧恶化。
P2Affected w ith a serious disease, van Wendal was no longer able to speak clearly and he knew there w as no hope of recovery and that his condition was rapidly deteriorating.2、在让自己的医生注射最后结束生命的那一针之前，范万德尔生命中的最后三个月被拍摄了下来，去年在荷兰电视上首次播出。
P3 Van Wendel’s last three months of life before being give n a final, lethal injection by his doctor w ere filmed and first shown on television last year in the Netherlands.3、从那时开始，已有20 多个国家买下了这个节目，每次播放都引起了对这一的'全国性大辩论。
P3The programme has since been bought by 20 countries and each time it is shown, it starts a nationw ide debate on the subject.4、那些反对安乐死的人实际在告诉我，临终者没有这个权利。
P9What those people who oppose euthanasia are telling me is that dying people haven’t the right.三、习题1.词汇英译汉. weaken . deteriorate .debate . legal. request . criterion . ensure . oppose tradition consideration disabled . burdenvulnerable prohibition sensitive词组：. to debate on . to make request for be opposed to . to take … into account2.句子英译汉（重点句）Affected w ith a serious disease, van Wendal w as no longer able to speak clearly and he knew there w as no hope of recovery and that his condition w as rapidly deteriorating.Van Wendel’s last three months of life before being given a final, lethal injection by hisdoctor w ere filmed and first shown on television last year in the Netherlands.The programme has since been bought by 20 countries and each time it is show n, it starts a nationw ide debate on the subject.What those people w ho oppose euthanasia are telling me is that dying people ha ven’t theright.The guidelines demand that the patient is experiencing extreme suffering , that there is nochance of a cure, and that the patient has made repeated requests for euthanasia .I think that anything that legally allow s the shortening of life does make those people more vulnerable.3.句子汉译英 P.59安乐死的确能解除临终病人的痛苦。
（完整版）自考英语二重点讲解复习资料
（完整版）自考英语二重点讲解复习资料自考英语二重点讲解复习资料自考英语二复习资料第一章重点单词扩充讲解：1. organizational: a 组织上的由此我们可以联想到：organize: v 组织； organization: n 组织；organizer: n 组织者请看下列习题，选择该组词里恰当的词填空：1). Last week, our school ________ a spring outing. 2). The task calls for the high est _________ skill. 3). China has joined World Trade __________. 4). He is the _ _________ of the speech contest.Answers: organized, organizational, Organization, organizer 2. objective: n 目标； a 客观的，反义词subjective: 主观的 3. predict: v 预言、预示；由此我们可以联想到：prediction: n 预言； predictable: a 可预测的； predictor: n 预言家 4. simplify: v 简化由此我们可以联想到：simple: a 简单的； simply: ad 简单地，仅仅地； simplification: n 简化； simplified: a 被简化的。
Exercises for the above words:1). The machine is _____ in operation but complex in structure.2). Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet in the original is beyond our capacity while ___ _ edition is quite easy.3). There is no point in arguing about it, because it is _______a question of proced ure. 4). The ______ of working process freed the workers fro heavy labor. Answer s: simple; simplified; simply; simplification5. tendency: n 趋势、倾向；tend : v 倾向于…，tend to do sth e.g. old people have the tendency ofgetting fatter. Or old peop le tend to get fatter. 6. managerial: a 经理的、经营上的；由此我们可以联想到：manage: v管理、经营； management: n; manager: n 经营者，管理者； manageable: a 可管理的、可经营的。
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自考“英语（二）”复习资料第一单元1.常考单词：goal，objective，accomplish，predict，accompany，implement，tendency，achievement，argue，budget，define，entity2. 常考词组：in the way，in part，point of view，contribute to，to apply for，in hand，to turn down3. 常考句子：1）A decision is a choice made from among alternative courses of action that are available.2）Often managers must make a best guess at what the future will be and try to leave as little as possible to chance.3）If there is no choice，there is no decision to be made.4）For managers every decision has constraints based on politics，procedures，laws，precedents and the like.5）For example，managers sometimes treat problems in an either/or fashion.6）Decision makers must have some way of determining which of several alternatives is best - that is，which contributes the most to the achievement of organizational goals.7）In the larger scheme of things，however，increased funding for research to improve the products might be more beneficial to the organization.8）Some of these objectives are more important than others，but the order and degree of importance often vary form person to person and from department to department.第二单元1.常考单词：escape，explode，collapse，shrink，gravity，measurement，basis，launch，convincing，companion，speculation，swallow，operate，to make use of，a great many，above all2. 常考句子：1）Astronomers and scientists think that a black hole is a region of space into which matter has fallen and from which nothing can escape.2）The theory is that some stars explode when their density increases to a particular point.3）Some people think that theStart of Bethlehem could have beena supernova.4）If a man fell into a blackhole，he would think that he reachedthe center of it very quickly.5）It is only recently thatastronomers have begun specificresearch into black holes.6）On the other hand，scientistshave suggested that every advancedtechnology could one day make useof the energy of black holes formankind.第三单元1.常考单词：weaken deteriorate debatelegal request criterion ensureoppose tradition considerationdisabled burden vulnerableprohibition sensitive2. 常考词组：to debate on to make requestfor be opposed to to take …into account3. 常考句子：1）Affected with a seriousdisease，van Wendal was no longerable to speak clearly and he knewthere was no hope of recovery andthat his condition was rapidlydeteriorating.2）Van Wendel's last threemonths of life before being givena final，lethal injection by hisdoctor were filmed and first shownon television last year in theNetherlands.3）The programme has since beenbought by 20 countries and eachtime it is shown，it starts anationwide debate on the subject.4）What those people who opposeeuthanasia are telling me is thatdying people haven't the right.第四单元1.常考单词：demestic statisticsdiplomat exploit campaignexecute convict despite deserving shelfminimum status deport2. 常考句子：1）There are estimated to bemore than 20，000 overseas domesticservants working in Britain.2）Of these 20，000，just under2，000 are being exploited andabused by their employers.3）The sad condition of womenworking as domestics around theworld received much mediaattention earlier this year inseveral highly publicized cases.4）A Filipino maid was executedin Singapore after being convictedof murder，despite protests formvarious quarters that her guilt hadnot been adequately established.5）She used to work for a verylow wage at a tea factory in SriLanka.6）Because she found itdifficult to feed her fourchildren，she accepted a jobworking as a domestic in London.7）So if they do complain，theyrisk being deported.第五单元1.常考单词：Musician，rhythmic，distinct，consciousness，originate，readily，instrument，electronic，thereby，passive，participant2. 常考词组：to take place to take overto take on in a sense at astretch to serve as in advancefor the sake of3. 常考句子：1）The new music was built outof materials already in existence.2）Folk music，old and modern，was popular among collegestudents.3）They freely took overelements form jazz，from Americancountry music.4）With records at home，listeners imitated these lightingeffects as best they could.第六单元1.常考单词：efficiency increasingly install personnel expose reduction completion specific switch critical intensity scale defective2. 常考词组：in that in questionplenty of3. 常考句子：1）Most of today's robots areemployed in the automotiveindustry，where they are programmedto take over such jobs as weldingand spray painting automobile andtruck bodies.2）Robots，already taking overhuman tasks in the automotive fieldare beginning to be seen，althoughto a lesser degree，in other industries as well.3）The robots used in nuclear power plants handle the radioactive materials，preventing human personnel from being exposed to radiation.4）Robots differ from automatic machines in that after completion of one specific task，they can be reprogrammed by a computer to do another one.5）Engineers skilled in microelectronics and computer technology are developingartificial vision for robots.6）With the ability to “see”，robots can identify and inspect one specific class of objects out of a stack of different kinds of materials.7）Anyone wanting to understand the industry of the future will have to know about robotics.第七单元1.常考单词：research attach underlie r elevant positive possession desirable relaxation occu pation urban acquire parti cipation2. 常考词组：be concerned with be relevant to to set … as objective3. 常考句子：1）People in advanced industrial societies are increasingly concerned with opportunities for leisure.2）The importance people attach to paid holidays and the rapid development of services for mass entertainment and recreation are signs of this increasing concern.3）The specific use of leisure varies from individual to individual.4）Since leisure is basically self-determined，one is able to take to one's interests and preferences and get involved in an activity in ways that will bring enjoyment and satisfaction.5）Basically，such attitudes amount to a recognition that leisure is an important area of life and a belief that Leisure can and should be put to good use.6）For example，the degree towhich and the ways in which a schoolencourages participation in games，sports and cultural pursuits arelikely to contribute to the shapingof leisure attitudes on the part ofthe students.7）Schools usually set as theireducational objective theattainment of a balanceddevelopment of the person.8）The more seriously this issought，the more likely positiveattitudes towards leisure as wellas academic work will beencouraged.第八单元1.常考单词：flight negotiation transportovercome internal external rhythm feasible assumption promote2. 常考词组：effect on to blame… onto advantage now thatout of step to leave … alone3. 常考句子：1）The problem of Jet Lag is oneevery international traveler comesacross at some time. （para.1）2）The effects of rapid travelon the body are actually far moredisturbing than we realize.（para.2）3）He later blamed his poorjudgement on Jet Lag. （para.3）4）Now that we understand whatJet lag is，we can go some way toovercoming it.（para.4）5）The other belongs in ourinternal clocks which，left alone，would tie the body to a 25 hour -yes，25 - rhythm.（para.5）6）In time the physiologicalsystem will reset itself，but itdoes take time. （para7）7）One reason for thisdiscrepancy is that differentbodily events are controlled bydifferent factors. （para.8）8）It is not feasible to waitfour days until the body is used tothe new time zone. （para.9）第九单元1.常考单词：classify approximate proportion appreciation acknowledgealter lengthen wealthyneglect expectation2. 常考词组：to approximate toresistance to to cope withattribute … to3. 常考句子：1）Nation classified as“aged” when they have 7percent ofmore of their people aged 65 orabove. （para.1）2）The nearer a societyapproximates to zero populationgrowth，the older its population islikely to be - at least，for anyfuture that concerns us now.3）The older you are now，ofcourse，the greater this proportionwill be，and greater still if youare a woman.4）If you are now in yourthirties，you ought to be aware thatyou can expect to live nearly onethird of the rest of your life afterthe age of 60.第十单元1.常考单词：election vote certainty loyalty decline democrat strategy pursue impact headquarters economy stir congress representative2. 常考词组：to identify……as impacton3. 常考句子：1）Candidates try to project astrong leadership image. （para.4）2）Whether voters accept thisimage，however，depends more onexternal factors than on acandidate's personalcharacteristics. （para. 4）此句注意主语从句作主语。