考研英语2
2023年考研英语二真题试卷+参考答案及解析【详细版】
2023年全国硕士研究生招生考试（英语二）参考答案及解析Section Ⅰ Use of EnglishHere’s a common scenario that any number of entrepreneurs face today: you’re the CEO of a small business and though you're making a nice 1 , you need to find a way to take it to the next level. what you need to do is 2 growth by establishing a growth team. A growth team is made up of members from different departments within your company, and it harnesses the power of collaboration to focus 3 on finding ways to grow.Let's look at a real-world 4 . Prior to forming a growth team, the software company BitTorrent had 50 employees.Working in the 5 departments of engineering, marketing and product development. This brought them good results until 2012, when their growth plateaued. The 6 was that too many customers were using the basic, free version of their product. And 7 improvements to the premium, paid version, few people were making the upgrade.Things changed, 8 , when an innovative project marketing manager came aboard, 9 a growth team and sparked the kind of 10 perspective they needed. By looking at engineering issues from a marketing point of view, it became clear that the 11 of upgrades wasn't due to a quality issue. Most customers were simply unaware of the premium version and what it offered.Armed with this 12 , the marketing and engineering teams joined forces to raise awareness by prominently 13 the premium version to users of the free version. 14 ,upgrades skyrocketed, and revenue increased by 92 percent.But in order for your growth, team to succeed, it needs to a have a strong leader. It needs someone who can 15 the interdisciplinary team and keep them on course for improvement.This leader will 16 the target area, set clear goals and establish a time frame for the 17 of these goals. This growth leader is also 18 for keeping the team focus on moving forward and steer them clear of distractions. 19 attractive, new ideas can be distracting, the team leader must recognize when these ideas don’t 20 the current goal and need to be put on the back burner.1.A. purchase B. profit C. connection D. bet2.A. define B. predict C. prioritize D. appreciate3.A. exclusively B. temporarily C. potentially D. initially4.A. experiment B. proposal C. debate D. example5.A. identical B. marginal C. provisional D. traditional6.A. rumor B. secret C. myth D. problem7.A. despite B. unlike C. through D. besides8.A. moreover B. however C. therefore D. again9.A. inspected B. created C. expanded D. reformed10.A.cultural B. objective C. fresh D. personal11.A. end B. burden C. lack D. decrease12.A. policy B. suggestion C. purpose D. insight13.A. contributing B. allocating C. promoting D. transferring14.A. As a result B. At any rate C. By the way D. In a sense15.A. unite B. finance C. follow D. choose16.A. share B. identify C. divide D. broaden17.A. announcement B. assessment C. adjustment D. accomplishment18.A. famous B. responsible C. available D. respectable19.A. Before B. Once C. While D. Unless20.A. serve B. limit C. summarize D. alter【1】B. profit 原文提到“小公司的CEO也挣到了大钱”。
考研英语二试卷结构
考研英语二试卷结构
考研英语二的试卷结构包括以下四个部分：
1.英语知识运用：这一部分主要考查考生对英语知识的综合运用能力。
它共有20小题，每小题0.5分，共10分。
在一篇约350词的文章中留出20个空白，要求考生从每题给出的4个选项中选出最佳答案，使补全后的文章意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整。
2.阅读理解：这是试卷的主体部分，主要考查考生获取信息、理解文章、猜测重要生词词义并进行推断等方面的能力。
该部分由A、B两节组成，共25小题，每小题2分，共50分。
A节有20小题；B 节有5小题。
3.英译汉：要求考生把一段英文短文翻译成汉语。
这不仅考查考生的翻译能力，还考查其语法、词汇和表达能力。
4.写作：这部分要求考生写一篇150词以上的短文，题材包括商务函电、广告等应用文，以及说明文、议论文等。
这部分主要考查考生的书面表达能力，对其词汇、语法和逻辑都有一定的要求。
总体来说，考研英语二试卷结构覆盖面广，既考查了考生的基础英语能力，也考查了其理解和表达能力。
希望这个答案能满足你的需求。
自考英语二 考研英语二
自考英语二考研英语二
自考英语二和考研英语二是两种不同的考试。
以下是它们的区别：
1. 考试内容：自考英语二主要包括听力、阅读、写作和翻译四个部分；考研英语二主要包括翻译、阅读理解、写作和听力四个部分。
2. 难度水平：考研英语二相对于自考英语二具有更高的难度水平。
考研英语二是用来考察研究生对英语语言能力和运用能力的全面测试，所以难度更高。
而自考英语二是社会人士在工作和学习之余自主学习英语的一种方式，所以难度相对较低。
3. 考试用途：自考英语二是为了获得学历证书，可以用于继续学习或者在就业中证明英语水平的一种途径。
而考研英语二是为了获得硕士研究生的录取资格。
4. 准备时间和方式：自考英语二的准备时间相对较短，一般为几个月到一年的时间。
而考研英语二一般需要长时间的准备，在大部分考生中需要一年以上的时间。
自考英语二的学习方式相对自由，可以根据自己的时间和学习能力灵活安排学习。
而考研英语二则需要按照考纲和教材进行系统学习。
总结来说，自考英语二主要是为了职称晋升或者提高自身英语水平的一种证书考试方式。
考研英语二则是为了进入研究生阶段的录取考试。
考研英语二长难句讲解
考研英语（二）长难句讲解lennials wanted more flexibility in their lives, "notes Tanya Michelsen, Associate Director of Youthsight, a UK-based brand manager that conducts regular 60-day surveys of British youth, in findings that might just as well apply to American youth.【翻译】青春视野是一家位于英国的品牌公司，它定期对英国青年进行了60天的调查。
其副总监（联合董事）Tanya Michelsen在同样可能适用于美国青年的研究发现中指出，“千禧一代希望在生活中有更大的灵活性。
”2.Restrictions that keep highly polluting cars out of certain areas—city centres, “school streets”，even individual roads—are a response to the absence of a larger effort to properly enforce existing regulations and require auto companies to bring their vehicles into compliance.【翻译】限制高污染汽车驶入某些地区，——如市中心、学区街道等，甚至是个别道路，这一限制措施是因为我们没有付出更大努力来严格执行现有法规和要求汽车公司生产合格车辆。
3.Madrid’s back and forth on clean air is a pointed reminder of the limits to the patchwork，city-by-city approach that characterises efforts on air pollution across Europe, Britain very much included.【翻译】马德里（西班牙政府）在治理空气问题上的反复不定，明确提醒人们整个欧洲（在很大程度上也包括英国）为努力治理空气污染所采取的逐个城市拼凑的方式是有其局限性的。
考研英语二真题及答案完整版（2）
考研英语二真题及答案完整版（2）25.The home front differs from the workplace in that_____________[A]home is hardly a cozier working environment[B]division of labor at home is seldom clear-cut[C]household tasks are generally more motivating[D]family labor is often adequately rewarded答案：21.D offered greater relaxation than the workplace22.B childless husbands23.A they are both bread winners and housewives24.C earnings25.B division of labor at home is seldom clear-cutText 2For years, studies have found that first-generation college students-those who do not have a parent with a college degree-lag other students on a range of education achievement factors. Their grades are lower and their dropout rates are higher. But since such students are most likely to advance economically if they succeed in higher education, colleges and universities have pushed for decades to recruit more of them. This has created "a paradox" in that recruiting first-generation students, but then watching many of them fail, means that higher education has "continued to reproduce and widen, rather than close" achievement gap based on social class, according to the depressing beginning of a paper forthcoming in the journal Psychological Sciense.But the article is actually quite optimistic, as it outlines a potential solution to this problem, suggesting that anapproach(which involves a one-hour, next-to-no-cost program) can close 63 percent of the achievement gap(measured by such factors as grades)between first-generation and other students.The authors of the paper are from different universities, and their findins are based on a study involving 147 students(who completed the project)at an unnamed private unive rsity.First generation was defined as not having a parent with a fou r-year college degree Most of the first-generation students(59.1 percent) were recipients of Pell Grants，a federal g rant for undergraduates with financial need，while this was true only for 8.6 percent of the students wit at least one parent with a four-year degreeTheir thesis-that a relatively modest inte rvention could have a big impact-was based on the view that first-gene ration students may be most lacking not in potential but in practical knowledge about how to deal with the issues that face most college students They cite past resea rch by several authors to show that this is the gap that must be na rrowed to close the achievement gap.Many first-gene ration students"struggle to navigate the middle-class culture of higher education，learn the'rules of the game，'and take advantage of college resou rces," they write And this becomes more of a problem when collages don't talk about the class advantage and disadvantages of different groups of students Because US colleges and universities seldom acknowledge how social class can affect students' educational expe rience，many first-gene ration students lack sight about why they a re struggling and do not unde rstand how students' like them can improve26. Recruiting more first-generation students has[A]reduced their d ropout rates[B]narrowed the achievement gao[C] missed its original pu rpose[D]depressed college students27 The author of the research article are optimistic because[A]the problem is solvable[B]their approach is costless[q the recruiting rate has increased[D]their finding appeal to students28 The study suggests that most first-gene ration students[A]study at private universities[B]are from single-pa rent families[q are in need of financial support[D]have failed their collage29. The author of the paper believe that first-generation students[A]a re actually indifferent to the achievement gap[B]can have a potential influence on othe r students[C] may lack opportunities to apply for resea rch projects[D]are inexperienced in handling their issues at college30.We mayinfer from the last paragraph that--[A]universities often r~ect the culture of the middle-class[B]students are usually to blame for their lack of resources[C]social class g reatly helps en rich educational experiences[D]colleges are partly responsible for the problem in question答案：26.C missed its original purpose27.A the problem is solvable28.C are in need of financial support29.D are inexperienced in handling issues at college30.D colleges are partly responsible for the problem in questionText3Even in traditional offices，"the lingua franca of corporate America has gottenmuch more emotional and much more right-brained than it was 20 years ago，" said Ha rva rd Business School professor Nancy Koehn She sta rted spinning off examples."If you and I pa rachuted back to Fortune 500 companies in 1990，we would see much less frequent use of terms like Journey, mission,passion. There were goals，there were strategies，there were objectives，but we didn't talk about energy;we didn't talk about passion."Koehn pointed out that this new era of corporate vocabula ry is very "team"-oriented-and not by coincidence."Let's not forget sDorts-in male-dominated corporate America，it's still a big deal. It's not explicitly conscious;it's the idea that I'm a coach，and you're my team，and we're in this togethec. There are lots and lots of CEOs in very different companies，but most think of themselves as coaches and this is their team and they want to win".These terms a re also intended to infuse work with meaning-and，as Khu rana points out，increase allegiance to the firm."You have the importation of terminology that historically used to be associated with non-profit organizations and religious organizations：Terms like vision，values，passion，and purpose，"saidKhuranaThis new focus on personal fulfillment can help keep employees motivated amid increasingly loud debates over work-life balance The "mommy wars" of the 1990s a re still going ontoday, prompting arguments about whywomen still can'thave it all and books like Sheryl Sandberg's Lean In，whose title has become abuzzword in its own right. Terms like unplug，offline，life-hack，bandwidth，andcapacity are all about setting boundaries between the office and the home But ifyour work is your "passion," you'II be more likely to devote yourself to it，even ifthat means going home for dinner and then working long after the kids are in bedBut this seems to be the irony of office speak：Everyone makes fun of it，butmanage rs love it，companies depend on it，and regular people willingly absorb itAs Nunberg said，"You can get people to think it's nonsense at the same timethat you buy into it." In a workplace that's fundamentally indiffe rent to your lifeand its meaning office speak can help you figu re out how you relate to yourwork-and how your work defines who you are31. According to Nancy Koehn, office language has become________[A]more e motional[B]more objective[C]less energetic[D]less energetic[E]less strategic32."team"-oriented corporate vocabulary is closely related to________[A]historical incidents[B]gender difference[C]sports culture[D]athletic executives33.Khurana believes that the importation of terminology aims to________[A]revive historical terms[B]promote company image[C]foster corporate cooperation[D]strengthen employee loyalty34.It can be inferred that Lean In_________[A]voices for working women[B]appeals to passionate workaholics[C]triggers dcbates among mommies[D]praises motivated employees35.Which of the following statements is true about office speak?[A]Managers admire it but avoid it[B]Linguists believe it to be nonsense[C]Companies find it to be fundamental[D]Regular people mock it but accept it答案：31.A more emotional32.C sports culture33.D strengthen employee loyalty34.A voices for working women35.C companies find it to be fundamental。
考研英语2课程
考研英语2课程摘要：一、考研英语2课程简介二、课程特点与优势三、适用人群与学习目标四、教学方法与课程设置五、备考建议与资源推荐正文：一、考研英语2课程简介考研英语2课程是针对我国研究生入学考试英语科目的一门辅导课程。
该课程旨在帮助考生提高英语应用能力，顺利通过考试。
通过系统的学习和训练，学生将掌握英语听、说、读、写四个方面的技能，并在考试中取得优异成绩。
二、课程特点与优势1.专业师资：考研英语2课程拥有一支经验丰富、专业素质高的师资团队，教师具备多年教学经验，熟悉考试大纲和命题规律，能为学生提供精准的指导。
2.系统性强：课程内容覆盖考试大纲要求的各个部分，系统地讲解和训练学生的英语能力，让学生在全面掌握考试知识点的基础上，提高综合素质。
3.实战演练：课程设置丰富的模拟试题和真题解析，让学生在真实考试环境中熟悉考试题型，提高应试能力。
4.个性化辅导：针对学生的不同需求，制定个性化的学习计划和辅导方案，提高学习效率。
5.互动教学：采用互动教学方式，激发学生的学习兴趣，增强学生的主动参与意识，提高课堂效果。
三、适用人群与学习目标1.适用人群：考研英语2课程适用于准备参加我国研究生入学考试的考生，特别是那些英语基础较好，但需要在短时间内提高英语应用能力的学生。
2.学习目标：通过课程学习，学生将掌握英语听、说、读、写的基本技能，提高英语应用能力，达到研究生入学考试英语科目的要求。
四、教学方法与课程设置1.教学方法：采用讲练结合的教学方式，注重培养学生的英语实际应用能力。
课堂讲解与实践相结合，让学生在学以致用的过程中提高英语水平。
2.课程设置：课程分为多个模块，包括词汇、语法、阅读、写作、听力等。
每个模块都有详细的讲解和训练，让学生在全面掌握知识点的基础上，提高英语综合素质。
五、备考建议与资源推荐1.制定合理的学习计划：根据自己的英语水平和时间安排，合理分配学习时间，确保每个模块都得到充分的复习。
2.夯实基础知识：重视词汇和语法的学习，掌握基本语法规则和常用词汇，为提高英语应用能力打下坚实基础。
考研英语二过线技巧
考研英语二过线技巧
以下是一些考研英语二过线的技巧：
1.了解考试要求和题型：在备考过程中，要认真阅读考试大纲，了解考试要求和题型，掌握各种题型的解题方法和技巧。
2.增加词汇量：词汇是英语考试的基础，要想在英语二中取得好成绩，必须增加词汇量。
可以通过背单词、阅读英文文章等方式来提高词汇量。
3.多做真题：真题是最好的练习材料，通过做真题可以了解考试的难度和出题规律，找到自己的薄弱环节，有针对性地进行复习。
4.合理安排时间：考试时间有限，要合理安排时间，避免因为时间不够而影响成绩。
可以先做自己擅长的部分，合理分配时间。
5.注重写作：写作是英语二中的重要部分，也是很多考生容易失分的环节。
要注重写作的训练，多写多练，提高自己的写作水平。
6.保持积极心态：考试压力大，要保持积极心态，不要过分紧张。
相信自己的能力，充分发挥自己的水平，取得好成绩。
希望以上技巧能帮助你顺利过线。
祝你考试成功！。
考研英语2试题及答案
考研英语2试题及答案# 考研英语2试题及答案## 第一部分：阅读理解### 阅读理解A节Passage 1问题1: 根据文章内容，作者对于“全球化”的看法是什么？答案1: 作者认为全球化是不可避免的趋势，但同时指出了全球化带来的问题，如文化同质化和经济不平等。
问题2: 文章中提到的“文化保护主义”是指什么？答案2: 文化保护主义是指一些国家或地区为了保护本土文化免受外来文化的影响而采取的措施。
Passage 2问题1: 文章中提到的“可持续发展”是什么意思？答案1: 可持续发展是指在满足当代人需求的同时，不损害后代人满足其需求的能力的发展模式。
问题2: 作者为什么认为教育是实现可持续发展的关键？答案2: 作者认为教育能够提高人们的环境意识和资源利用效率，从而促进经济、社会和环境的和谐发展。
### 阅读理解B节问题1: 根据文章内容，什么是“创新”？答案1: 创新是指在原有基础上进行改进或创造新事物的过程，它包括技术、产品、服务或管理方法的创新。
问题2: 文章中提到的“开放式创新”模式是什么？答案2: 开放式创新是指企业或组织通过与外部合作伙伴共享知识、资源和技能，共同开发新产品或服务的模式。
## 第二部分：写作Task 1: 写一篇关于“网络教育”的议论文。
Task 2: 根据给定的图表，写一篇分析“城市化进程”的说明文。
## 第三部分：翻译英译汉：“With the rapid development of technology, the boundary between work and leisure is becoming increasingly blurred.”汉译英：“随着科技的快速发展，工作与休闲的界限变得越来越模糊。
”## 第四部分：完型填空问题1: 根据上下文，第21题的空格应该填入哪个词？答案1: "However"问题2: 第34题的空格应该填入哪个词？答案2: "Consequently"## 第五部分：新题型问题1: 根据文章内容，作者对于“人工智能”的看法是什么？答案1: 作者认为人工智能将极大地改变我们的生活和工作方式，但也提出了对于隐私和就业的担忧。
考研英语2试题及答案
考研英语2试题及答案一、阅读理解（共20分，每题2分）1. What does the author mainly discuss in the passage?A) The importance of a balanced dietB) The benefits of regular exerciseC) The impact of technology on daily lifeD) The role of sleep in maintaining health答案：C2. According to the text, which of the following is a key factor in successful aging?A) Financial stabilityB) A strong social networkC) Regular medical check-upsD) A positive attitude towards life答案：B3. What can be inferred from the article about the future of the publishing industry?A) It will be dominated by digital formatsB) It will continue to rely on print mediaC) It will face a decline in salesD) It will merge with the film industry答案：A4. The author suggests that the best way to improve one's memory is by:A) Taking memory-enhancing supplementsB) Engaging in regular physical activityC) Practicing mindfulness meditationD) Consuming a diet rich in antioxidants答案：B5. What is the main purpose of the passage?A) To persuade readers to adopt a healthier lifestyleB) To inform readers about the latest medical researchC) To describe the symptoms of a particular diseaseD) To analyze the causes of a social issue答案：A二、完形填空（共20分，每题2分）In a world where technology is advancing at an unprecedented rate, it is essential to stay informed about the latest developments. However, with so much information available, it can be challenging to keep up. Here are some tips to help you stay informed without becoming overwhelmed.1. Limit your sources. It is impossible to read everything, so choose a few reliable sources that cover a wide range of topics.2. Use technology to your advantage. There are numerous apps and tools that can help you stay organized and up-to-date.3. Set aside time each day to read and learn. Even if it is just for a few minutes, making it a habit will help you stay informed.4. Don't be afraid to ask for help. If you are struggling to understand a concept, reach out to experts or friends who may be able to explain it to you.5. Stay curious. The more you learn, the more you will want to learn.1. In the first sentence, the word "unprecedented" most closely means:A) UnforeseenB) UnprecedentedC) UnmatchedD) Unpredictable答案：C2. The purpose of the second sentence is to:A) Emphasize the importance of technologyB) Suggest a method for staying informedC) Criticize the overwhelming amount of informationD) Highlight the difficulty of keeping up with technology答案：B3. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT a tip for staying informed?A) Reading a variety of sourcesB) Utilizing technologyC) Ignoring social mediaD) Setting aside time for reading答案：C4. The word "overwhelmed" in the first sentence suggests that:A) The reader should feel anxious about technologyB) There is too much information to processC) Technology is a burdenD) Information is easily accessible答案：B5. The author encourages readers to:A) Be passive learnersB) Ask questionsC) Avoid technologyD) Only read from a single source答案：B三、翻译（共20分，每题10分）1. 随着互联网的普及，人们越来越依赖于网络来获取信息。
2022考研英语二真题+答案
2022年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）试题SectionⅠUse of EnglishDirections:Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10points)Harlan Coben believes that if you’re a writer,you'll find the time;and that if you can’t find the time,then writing isn’t a priority and you’re not a writer.For him,writing is1job—a job like any other.He has2it with plumbing,pointing out that a plumber doesn’t wake up and say that he can’t work with pipes today.3,like most writers these days,you’re holding down a job to pay the bills,it’s not4to find the time to write.But it’s not impossible.It requires determination and single-mindedness.5that most bestselling authors began writing when they were doing other things to earn a living.And today,even writers who are fairly6often have to do other work to7their writing income.As Harlan Coben has suggested,it’s a8of priorities.To make writing a priority,you’ll have to9some of your day-to-day activities and some things you really enjoy.Depending on your10and your lifestyle,that might mean spending less time watching television or listening to music,though some people can write11they listen to music.You might have to12the amount of exercise or sport you do.You'll have to make social media an 13activity rather than a daily,time-consuming14.There’ll probably have to be less socializing with your friends and less time with your family.It’s a15learning curve,and it won’t always make you popular.There’s just one thing you should try to keep at least some time for,16your writing—and that’s reading. Any writer needs to read as much and as widely as they can;it’s the one17supporter—something you can’t do without.Time is finite,the older you get,the18it seems to go.We need to use it as carefully and as19as we can. That means prioritizing out activities so that we spend most time on the things we really want to do.If you are a writer,that means—20—writing.1.[A]difficult[B]normal[C]steady[D]pleasant2.[A]combined[B]compared[C]confused[D]confronted3.[A]If[B]Through[C]Once[D]Unless4.[A]enough[B]strange[C]wrong[D]easy5.[A]Accept[B]Explain[C]Remember[D]Suppose6.[A]well-known[B]well-advised[C]well-informed[D]well-chosen7.[A]donate[B]generate[C]supplement[D]calculate8.[A]cause[B]purpose[C]question[D]condition9.[A]highlight[B]sacrifice[C]continue[D]explore10.[A]relations[B]interests[C]memories[D]skills11.[A]until[B]because[C]while[D]before12.[A]put up with[B]make up for[C]hang on to[D]cut down on13.[A]intelligent[B]occasional[C]intensive[D]emotional14.[A]habit[B]test[C]decision[D]plan15.[A]tough[B]gentle[C]rapid[D]funny16.[A]in place of[B]in charge of[C]in response to[D]in addition to17.[A]indispensable[B]innovative[C]invisible[D]instant18.[A]duller[B]harder[C]quieter[D]quicker19.[A]peacefully[B]generously[C]productively[D]gratefully20.[A]at most[B]in turn[C]on average[D]above allSectionⅡReading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B,C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(40points)TEXT1On a recent sunny day,13,000chickens roam over Larry Brown’s40windswept acres in Shiner,Texas. Some rest in the shade of a parked car.Others drink water with the cows.This all seems random,but it’s by design, part of what the$6.1billion U.S.egg industry bets will be its next big thing:climate-friendly eggs.These eggs,which are making their debut now on shelves for as much as$8a dozen,are still labeled organic and animal-friendly,but they’re also from birds that live on farms using regenerative agriculture-special techniques to cultivate rich soils that can trap greenhouse gases.Such eggs could be marketed as helping to fight climate change.“I’m excited about our progress,”says Brown,who harvests eggs for Denver-based NestFresh Eggs and is adding more cover crops that draw worms and crickets for the chickens to eat.The birds’waste then fertilizes fields.Such improvements“allow our hens to forage for higher-quality natural feed that will be good for the land, the hens,and the eggs that we supply to our customers.”The egg industry’s push is the first major test of whether animal products from regenerative farms can become the next premium offering.In barely more than a decade,organic eggs went from being dismissed as a niche product in natural foods stores to being sold at Walmart.More recently there were similar doubts about probiotics and plant-based meats,but both have exploded into major supermarket categories.If the sustainable-egg rollout is successful,it could open the floodgates for regenerative beef,broccoli,and beyond.Regenerative products could be a hard sell,because the concept is tough to define quickly,says Julie Stanton, associate professor of agricultural economics at Pennsylvania State University Brandywine.Such farming also brings minimal,if any,improvement to the food products(though some producers say their eggs have more protein).The industry is betting that the same consumers paying more for premium attributes such as free-range,non-GMO,and pasture-raised eggs will embrace sustainability.Surveys show that younger generations are moreconcerned about climate change,and some of the success of plant-based meat can be chalked up to shoppers wanting to signal their desire to protect the environment.Young adults“really care about the planet,”says John Brunnquell,president of Egg Innovations.“They are absolutely altering the food chain beyond what I think even they understand what they’re doing.”21.The climate-friendly eggs are produced.[A]at a considerably low cost[B]at the demand of regular shoppers[C]as a replacement for organic eggs[D]on specially designed farmsrry Brown is excited about his progress in.[A]reducing the damage of worms[B]accelerating the disposal of uses[C]creating a sustainable system.[D]attracting customers to his products23.The example of organic eggs is used in the paragraph4to suggest.[A]the doubts to over natural feeds[B]the setbacks in the eggs industry[C]the potential of regenerative products[D]the promotional success of super markets24.It can be learned from the last paragraph that young people.[A]are reluctant to change their diet[B]are likely to buy climate-friendly eggs[C]are curious about new food[D]are amazed at agricultural advances25.John Brunnquell would disagree with Julie Stanton over regenerative products’.[A]markets prospects[B]standard definition[C]market prospect[D]moral implicationTEXT2More Americans are opting to work well into the retirement,a growing trend that threatens to upend the old workforce model.One in three Americans who are at least40have or plan to have a job in retirement to prepare for a longer life,according to a survey conducted by Harris Poll for TD Ameritrade.Even more surprising is that more than half of unretirees—those who plan to work in retirement or went back to work after retiring—said they would be employed in their later years even if they had enough money to settle down,the survey showed.Financial needs aren’t the only culprit for the“unretirement”trend.Other reasons,according to the study,include personal fulfillment such as staying mentally fit,preventing boredom or avoiding depression.About72% of“unretire”respondents said that they would return to work once retired to keep mentally fit while59%said it would be tied to making ends meet.Can Congress save the economy?Fed chair says“US debt is‘on unsustainable path’”.Auto industry is still a boys’club at the top despite GM CEO Mary Barrassuccess.“The concept of retirement is evolving,”said Christine Russell senior manager of retirement at TD Ameritrade.“It’s not just about finances.The value of work is also driving folks to continue working past retirement.”One reason for the change in retirement patterns:Americans are living longer.The share of the population65 and older was16%in2018,up3.2%from the prior year,according to the U.S.Census Bureau.That’s also up 30.2%since2010.Older Americans are also the fastest-growing segment of the U.S workforce,and boomers are expected to live longer than previous generations.The percentage of retirement-age people in the labor force has doubled over the past three decades.About20%of people65and older were in the workforce in February,up from an all-time low of10%in January1985,according to money manager United Income.Because of longer life spans,Americans are also boosting their savings to preserve their nest eggs,the TD Ameritrade study showed which surveyed2,000adults between40to79.Six in10“unretires'"are increasing their savings in anticipation of a longer life,according to the survey.Among the most popular ways they are doing this, the company said,is by reducing their overall expenses,securing life insurance or maximizing their contributions to retirement accounts.Seniors are living longer,but planning for the extended years is key.Unfortunately,many people who are opting to work in retirement are preparing to do so because they are worried about making ends meet in their later years,said Brent Weiss,a co-founder at Baltimore-based financial-planning firm Facet Wealth.He suggested that preretiree should speak with a financial adviser to set long-term financial goals.“The most challenging moments in life are getting married,starting a family and ultimately retiring.”Weiss said.“It’s not just a financial decision,but an emotional one.Many people believe they can’t retire.＂26.The survey conducted by Harris Poll indicates that.[A]over half of the retirees are physically fit for work[B]the old workforce is as active as the younger one[C]one in three Americans enjoy earlier retirement[D]more Americans are willing to work in retirement27.It can be inferred from Paragraph3that Americans tend to think that.[A]retirement may cause problems for them[B]boredom can be relieved after retirement[C]the mental health of retirees is overlooked[D]“unretirement”contributes to the economy28.Retirement patterns are changing partly due to.[A]labor shortage[B]population growth[C]longer life expectancy[D]rising living costs29.Many retirees are increasing their savings by.[A]investing more in stocks[B]taking up odd jobs[C]getting well-paid work[D]spending less30.With regard to retirement,Brent Weiss thinks that many people are.[A]unprepared[B]unafraid[C]disappointed[D]enthusiasticTEXT3We have all encountered them,in both our personal and professional lives.Think about the times you felt tricked or frustrated by a membership or subscription that had a seamless sign-up process but was later difficult to cancel.Something that should be simple and transparent can be complicated,intentionally or unintentionally,in ways that impair consumer choice.These are examples of dark patterns.First coined in2010by user experience expert Harry Brignull,”dark patterns”is a catch-all term for practices that manipulate user interfaces to influence the decision-making ability of users.Brignull identifies12 types of common dark patterns,ranging from misdirection and hidden costs to"roach motel”where a user experience seems easy and intuitive at the start,but turns difficult when the user tries to get out.In a2019study of53,000product pages and11,000websites,researchers found that about one in10 employs these design practices.Though widely prevalent,the concept of dark patterns is still not well understood. Business and nonprofit leaders should be aware of dark patterns and try to avoid the gray areas they engender.Where is the line between ethical,persuasive design and dark patterns?Businesses should engage in conversations with IT,compliance,risk,and legal teams to review their privacy,and include in the discussion the customer/user experience designers and coders responsible for the company’s user interface,as well as the marketers and advertisers responsible for sign-ups,checkout baskets pricing,and promotions.Any or all these teams can play a role in creating or avoiding"digital deception.”Lawmakers and regulators are slowly starting to address the ambiguity around dark patterns,most recently at the state level.In March,the California Attorney General announced the approval of additional regulations under the California Consumer Privacy Act(CCPA)that“ensure that consumers will not be confused or misled when seeking to exercise their data privacy rights.”The regulations aim to ban dark patterns—this means prohibiting companies from using"confusing language or unnecessary steps such as forcing them to click through multiple screens or listen to reasons why they shouldn’t opt out.”As more states consider promulgating additional regulations,there is a need for greater accountability from within the business community.Dark patterns also can be addressed on a self-regulatory basis,but only if organizations hold themselves accountable,not just to legal requirements but also to industry best practices and standards.31.It can be learned from the first two paragraphs that dark patterns_____[A]improve user experiences[B]leak user information for profit[C]undermine users’decision-making[D]remind users of hidden costs32.The2019study on dark patterns is mentioned to show______[A]their major flaws[B]their complex designs[C]their severe damage[D]their strong presence33.To handle digital deception,businesses should____[A]listen to customer feedback[B]talk with relevant teams[C]turn to independent agencies[D]rely on professional training34.The additional regulations under the CCPA are intended to_____[A]guide users through opt-out processes[B]protect consumers from being tricked[C]grant companies data privacy rights[D]restrict access to problematic content35.According to the last paragraph,a key to coping with dark patterns is______[A]new legal requirements[B]businesses'self-discipline[C]strict regulatory standards[D]consumers safety awarenessText4Although ethics classes are common around the world,scientists are unsure if their lessons can actually change behavior;evidence either way is weak,relying on contrived laboratory tests or sometimes unreliable self-reports.But a new study published in Cognition found that,in at least one real-world situation,a single ethics lesson may have had lasting effects.The researchers investigated one class session's impact on eating meat.They chose this particular behavior for three reasons,according to study co-author Eric Schwitzgebel,a philosopher at the University of California, Riverside:students’attitudes on the topic are variable and unstable,behavior is easily measurable,and ethics literature largely agrees that eating less meat is good because it reduces environmental harm and animal suffering. Half of the students in four large philosophy classes read an article on the ethics of factory-farmed meat, optionally watched an11-minute video on the topic and joined a50-minute discussion.The other half focused on charitable giving instead.Then,unknown to the students,the researchers studied their anonymized meal-card purchases for that semester-nearly14,000receipts for almost500students.Schwitzgebel predicted the intervention would have no effect;he had previously found that ethics Professorsdo not differ from other professors on a range of behaviors,including voting rates,blood donation and returning library books.But among student subjects who discussed meat ethics,meal purchases containing meat decreased from52to45percent-and this effect held steady for the study's duration of several weeks.Purchases from the other group remained at52percent.“That’s actually a pretty large effect for a pretty small intervention,”Schwitzgebel says.Psychologist Nina Strohminger at the University of Pennsylvania,who was not involved in the study,says she wants the effect to be real but cannot rule out some unknown confounding variable.And if real,she notes,it might be reversible by another nudge:“Easy come,easy go.”Schwitzgebel suspects the greatest impact came from social influence—classmates or teaching assistants leading the discussions may have shared their own vegetarianism,showing it as achievable or more common. Second,the video may have had an emotional impact.Least rousing,he thinks,was rational argument,although his co-authors say reason might play a bigger role.Now the researchers are probing the specific effects of teaching style,teaching assistants’eating habits and students'video exposure.Meanwhile,Schwitzgebel-who had predicted no effect-will be eating his words.36.Scientists generally believe that the effects of ethics classes are[A]hard to determine[B]narrowly interpreted[C]difficult to ignore[D]poorly summarized37.Which of the following is a reason for the researchers to study meat eating?[A]It is common among students.[B]It is a behavior easy to measure.[C]It is important to students’health[D]It is a hot topic in ethics classes.38.Eric Schwitzgebel’s previous findings suggest that ethics professors[A]are seldom critical of their students[B]are less sociable than other professors[C]are not sensitive to political issues[D]are not necessarily ethically better39.Nina Strohminger thinks that the effect of the intervention is[A]permanent[B]predictable[C]uncertain[D]unrepeatable40.Eric Schwitzgebel suspects that the students’change in behavior[A]can bring psychological benefits[B]can be analyzed statistically[C]is a result of multiple factors[D]is a sign of self-developmentPart BDirections:Read the following test and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subtitles from the list A-G for each numbered paragraph(41-45).There are two extra subtitles which you do not need to use.Make your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(10points)[A]Make it a habit[B]Don’t go it alone[C]Start low,go slow[D]Talk with your doctor[E]Listen to your body[F]Go through the motions[G]Round out your routineHow to get active again?Getting back into exercise can be a challenge in the best of times,but with gyms and in-person exercise classes off-limits to many people these days,it can be tricky to know where to start.And it’s important to get the right dose of activity.“Too much too soon either results in injury or burnout,”says Mary Yoke,PhD,a faculty member in the kinesiology department at Indiana University in Bloomington.The following simple strategies will help you return to exercise safely after a break.41._____________Don’t try to go back to what you were doing before your break.If you were walking3miles a day,playing 18holes of golf three times a week,or lifting10-pound dumbbells for three sets of10reps,reduce activity to½mile every other day,or nine holes of golf once a week with short walks on other days,or use5-pound dumbbells for one set of10reps.Increase time,distance,and intensity gradually.“This isn’t something you can do overnight,”say Keri L.Denay,MD,lead author of a recent American College of Sports Medicine advisory that encourages American to not overlook the benefits of activity during the pandemic.But you’ll reap benefits such as less anxiety and improved sleep right away.42._______________If you’re breathing too hard to talk in complete sentences,back off.If you feel good,go a little longer or faster.Feeling wiped out after a session?Go easier next time.And stay alert to serious symptoms,such as chest pain or pressure,severe shortness of breath or dizziness,or faintness,and seek medical attention immediately. 43.________________Consistency is the key to getting stronger and building endurance and stamina.Ten minutes of activity per day is a good start,says Marcus Jackovitz,DPT,a physical therapist at the University of Miami Hospital.All the experts we spoke with highly recommend walking because it’s the easiest,most accessible form of exercise. Although it can be a workout on its own,if your goal is to get back to Zumba classes,tennis,cycling,or any other activity,walking is also a great first step.44._________________Even if you can’t yet do a favorite activity,you can practice the moves.With or without a club or racket,swing like you’re hitting the ball.Paddle like you’re in a kayak or canoe.Mimic your favorite swimming strokes. The action will remind you of the joy the activity brought you and prime your muscles for when you can get out there again.45.____________________Exercising with others“can keep you accountable and make it more fun,so you’re more likely to do it again,”Jackovitz says.You can do activities such as golf and tennis or take a walk with others and still be socially distant. But when you can’t connect in person,consider using technology.Chat on the phone with a friend while you walk around your neighborhood.FaceTime with a relative as you strength train or stretch at home.You can also join a livestream or on-demand exercise class.Section III Translation46.Directions：Translate the following text from English into Chinese.Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET.(15 points)Although we try our best,sometimes our paintings rarely turn out as originally planned.Changes in the light, the limitations of your painting materials and the lack of experience and technique mean that what you start out trying to achieve may not come to life the way that you expected.Although this can be frustrating and disappointing,it turns out that this can actually be good for you. Unexpected results have two benefits:you pretty quickly learn to deal with disappointment and realize that when one door closes,another opens.You also quickly learn to adapt and come up with creative solutions to the problems the painting presents and thinking outside the box will become your Second nature.In fact,creative problem-solving skills are incredibly useful in daily life,with which you're more likely to be able to find a solution when problem arises.Section IV WritingPart ASuppose you are planning a campus food festival for the international students.Please1)tell them about the festival and2)invite them to participate.You should write about100words on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not use your own e“Li Ming”instead.(10points)Part BWrite an essay based on the following chart.In your writing,you should1)interpret the chart,and2)give your comments.You should write about150words on the ANSWER SHEET.(15points)2022年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）试题参考答案完形填空1.[B]normal2.[D]confronted3.[A]If4.[D]easy5.[C]Remember6.[A]well-known7.[C]supplement8.[D]condition9.[B]sacrifice10.[B]interests11.[C]while12.[D]cut down on13.[B]occasional14.[A]habit15.[A]tough16.[D]in addition to17.[A]indispensable18.[D]quicker19.[C]productively20.[D]above all阅读理解Text121.[D]on specially designed farms22.[C]creating a sustainable system.23.[C]the potential of regenerative products24.[B]are likely to buy climate-friendly eggs25.[A]markets prospectsText226.[D]more Americans are willing to work in retirement27.[A]retirement may cause problems for them28.[C]longer life expectancy29.[D]spending less30.[A]unpreparedText331.[C]undermine users’decision-making32.[D]their strong presence33.[B]talk with relevant teams34.[B]protect consumers from being tricked35.[B]businesses'self-disciplineText436.[A]hard to determine37.[B]It is a behavior easy to measure.38.[D]are not necessarily ethically better39.[C]uncertain40.[C]is a result of multiple factors新题型41.[C]Start low,go slow42.[E]Listen to your body43.[A]Make it a habit44.[F]Go through the motions45.[B]Don’t go it alone翻译46.有时虽然我们尽了最大的努力，但我们的绘画作品很少能像原计划的那样呈现。
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1Question and answer1. what can you tell me about yourself?Well, professor. I ’m a diligent and perseverant person. I ‘m strict with myself and always have a clear plan about my study and life. For example, when I was in middle-school, I failed on m y history test in mid-term exam,which made me quite depressed. Then I analysed the reasons why I didn’t pass it and spent a lot of time on it. My effort was not in vain. I gained full marks on history in the final exam. 2. 为什么想读研？Well, professor. During the past three years, I’ve learned professional knowledge and practical skills, but the more l learn, the much more I feel that what I’ve learned is not widely and deeply enough and I just stay on the surface. Personally, I think if I want to make some achievement, I must go on studying furthermore. 3. 读研的计划Well, professor. If I got the chance to learn Materials Processing Engineering in Tianji n university, I’ll concentrate on my study and research in this field. First, I’ll try my best to master the theoretical knowledge completely and deeply. Second, I’ll do as many as experiments as possible, cause I can strengthen the theory and find questionsthrough the practice. Third, I would like to do some practical work under the instructi ons of my teacher. Fourth, I’ll try hard to learn English to the point where I can speak fluently and express myself freely. At last, I’ll improve my abilities in many aspects, such as social ability and organizing ability. 4.介绍家乡Well, professor. My hometown is XX, which locates in Sichuan province and enjoys th e honor of "Thousand –Year City of Salt"， "Home of Dinosaur" and “South Lantern City”. Crape myrtle is the city flower, and camphor is the city tree of Zigong. There are also many famous p ersons in history, for instance, Wu Yuzhang , Diving queen Gao Min and Hongyan her o Jiang Jie.The people in my hometown are friendly, and they welcome the travelers from all ov er the world. And my dear professors, if you want to travel to my hometown, please t ell me and it will be my great honor to be your guide.5. 你的家庭There are two members in my family, my mother and me. My mom is too busy with h er job and housework to supervise me about my study and life, which trained me to be responsible for myself and control myself well and manage my study and life well. So, I’ve always been strong and independent. 6.硕士毕业后的打算Well, professor. I may keep on studying and purse a doctorate degree or go to the pla ce where I can perform my job to the best of my ability. 7.对本专业的看法，自己的兴趣及未来想从事的工作Well, professor. I think welding technology has great prospects, and it has close relat ionships to every aspect of manufacturing, especially in military and aerospace.In my opinion, I think once you have known something deeply, you will be intereste d in it. The more I know about welding, the more I’m interested in it, cause when I figure out some difficult problems, I feel quite excited about it and have a great sense of achievement.In future, I want to be a researcher in my field, and work as a project manager.8. What is your greatest strength and you greatest weakness?Well, professor. I feel that my strongest strength is that I’m patient and diligent enough and have the spirit of digging into my subject.My greatest weakness is that I feel nerves when I speak in official occasions, but I ca n manage my sentiments well by telling myself that “it’s ok, just do it”. 9. What do you want to ask me?Does our school offer the opportunity to study aboard at public expense? Thank y ou, professor! If I have the chance to be enrolled in this famous school, I’ll strive for the chance to continue my study abroad. 10.What kind of landscape surro unds your hometown?Well, professor.My hometown has complex terrain , based on hilly ground with flat a nd gently rolling hills.11.What social responsibilities should a post-graduate take?Well, professor. I think as a post-graduate, he should learn his professional knowled ge well, and then go to the place where needs him. We should have a strong sense of patriotism and collectivism, and make a contribution to our country.12.Which kind of professor do you like best?Well, professor. I like a professor who not only has profound knowledge ,but also is k ind and patient to every student.13. What does friendship mean to you and what kind of people do you make friend w ith?Well, professor. A good friend is definitely important to everyone. My good friends can consol me when I am in a bad mood, and come up with some useful advic es.I like honest, kind, patient, positive and hard-working person to be my good friends.14. What impressed you most when you were at university?Well, professor. The most impressing thing in my college life is the attendance in th e competition of National Scholarship when I was in Grade 2, where I got to know so many excellent people, and realized that I had to work harder to catch up with them. From then on, I became more motivated in my study.15. Why did you choose our university?Well, professor. Tianjin university has a strong study atmosphere and sound and tim e-honored teaching history, which attract me deeply.16. Should you study more theory or do more practice? Give your reasons, please。