英语的修辞手法-英语的45种修辞手法-定义-解释
英语修辞手法的解释和例句
英语修辞手法的解释和例句1。
Simile 明喻明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比.这种共性存在于人们的心里,而不是事物的自然属性。
标志词常用like, as, seem, as if，as though，similar to, such as等.例如:1〉.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow.2>.I wandered lonely as a cloud。
3〉。
Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale.2。
Metaphor 隐喻,暗喻隐喻是简缩了的明喻，是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物，通过比较形成。
例如:1>。
Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper.2>。
Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed，and some few to be chewed and digested.3.Metonymy 借喻，转喻借喻不直接说出所要说的事物,而使用另一个与之相关的事物名称.I。
以容器代替内容，例如：1>。
The kettle boils。
水开了.2〉。
The room sat silent. 全屋人安静地坐着.II.以资料。
工具代替事物的名称，例如：Lend me your ears，please。
请听我说.III.以作者代替作品，例如:a complete Shakespeare 莎士比亚全集VI.以具体事物代替抽象概念,例如:I had the muscle，and they made money out of it。
我有力气，他们就用我的力气赚钱。
4.Synecdoche 提喻提喻用部分代替全体,或用全体代替部分，或特殊代替一般.例如:1>。
英语中所有修辞手法的解释和例句
英语中所有19种修辞手法的全部解释和例句1.Simile 明喻明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比.这种共性存在于人们的心里,而不是事物的自然属性.标志词常用 like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等.例如:1>.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow.2>.I wandered lonely as a cloud.3>.Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale.2.Metaphor 隐喻,暗喻隐喻是简缩了的明喻,是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物,通过比较形成.例如:1>.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper.2>.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested.3.Metonymy 借喻,转喻借喻不直接说出所要说的事物,而使用另一个与之相关的事物名称.I.以容器代替内容,例如:1>.The kettle boils. 水开了.2>.The room sat silent. 全屋人安静地坐着.II.以资料.工具代替事物的名称,例如:Lend me your ears, please. 请听我说.III.以作者代替作品,例如:a complete Shakespeare 莎士比亚全集VI.以具体事物代替抽象概念,例如:I had the muscle, and they made money out of it. 我有力气,他们就用我的力气赚钱.4.Synecdoche 提喻提喻用部分代替全体,或用全体代替部分,或特殊代替一般.例如:1>.There are about 100 hands working in his factory.(部分代整体)他的厂里约有100名工人.2>.He is the Newton of this century.(特殊代一般)他是本世纪的牛顿.3>.The fox goes very well with your cap.（整体代部分）这狐皮围脖与你的帽子很相配.6.Personification 拟人拟人是把生命赋予无生命的事物.例如:1>.The night gently lays her hand at our fevered heads.（把夜拟人化）2>.I was very happy and could hear the birds singing in the woods.（把鸟拟人化）7.Hyperbole 夸张夸张是以言过其实的说法表达强调的目的.它可以加强语势,增加表达效果..例如:1>.I beg a thousand pardons.2>.Love you. You are the whole world to me, and the moon and the stars.3>.When she heard the bad news, a river of tears poured out.9.Euphemism 委婉,婉辞法婉辞法指用委婉,文雅的方法表达粗恶,避讳的话.例如:1>.He is out visiting the necessary. 他出去方便一下.2>.His relation with his wife has not been fortunate. 他与妻子关系不融洽.3>.Deng Xiaoping passed away in 1997. （去世）11.Irony 反语反语指用相反意义的词来表达意思的作文方式.如在指责过失.错误时,用赞同过失的说法,而在表扬时,则近乎责难的说法.例如:1>.It would be a fine thing indeed not knowing what time it was in the morning.早上没有时间观念还真是一件好事啊（真实含义是应该明确早上的时间观念）2>"Of course, you only carry large notes, no small change on you. "the waiter said to the beggar.12.Pun 双关双关就是用一个词在句子中的双重含义,借题发挥.作出多种解释,旁敲侧击,从而达到意想不到的幽默.滑稽效果.它主要以相似的词形.词意和谐音的方式出现.例如:1>.She is too low for a high praise, too brown for a fair praise and too little for a great praise.2>.An ambassador is an honest man who lies abroad for the good of his country.3>.If we don't hang together, we shall hang separately.13.Parody 仿拟这是一种模仿名言.警句.谚语,改动其中部分词语,从而使其产生新意的修辞.例如:1>.Rome was not built in a day, nor in a year.2>.A friend in need is a friend to be avoided.3>.If you give a girl an inch nowadays she will make address of it.15.Antithesis 对照,对比,对偶这种修辞指将意义完全相反的语句排在一起对比的一种修辞方法.例如:1>.Not that I loved Caeser less but that I loved Romemore.2>.You are staying; I am going.3>.Give me liberty, or give me death.17.Oxymoron 反意法,逆喻这也是一种矛盾修辞法,用两种不相调和的特征形容一个事物,以不协调的搭配使读者领悟句中微妙的含义.例如:1>.No light, but rather darkness visible.没有光亮，黑暗却清晰可见2>.The state of this house is cheerless welcome.Transferred Epithet: (移就） It is a figure of speech where an epithet (an adjective ordescriptive phrase) is transferred from the noun it should rightly modify(修饰) to another to which itdoes not really apply or belong. For instance, I spent sleepless nights on my project.1. Rushing thongs, blinded by the darkness and smoke, rushed up on a street and down the next trampling the fallen in a crazy fruitless dash toward safety.(Robert Silverbury: Pompeii)在黑暗和浓烟中狂奔的人群，沿着大街小巷踏着倒下的躯体，慌乱而徒劳地向安全地方冲闯。
英语中的修辞手法及英英释义
英语中的修辞手法及英英释义英语中的修辞手法有很多种，以下是其中几种常见的修辞手法及其英英释义：1.Metaphor（隐喻）：a figure of speech in which a word or phrase is used torepresent something that it does not literally denote in order to suggest a similarity or parallelism between the two.2.Simile（明喻）：a figure of speech in which a word or phrase is used torepresent something by comparing it to another thing, using words such as "like" or "as" to make the comparison.3.Synecdoche（提喻）：a figure of speech in which a part is used to representthe whole or vice versa, such as using the term "head" to refer to a person's entire body.4.Personification（拟人）：a figure of speech in which non-human objects orconcepts are given human characteristics or abilities, such as using words like "the night sings" to describe the darkness.5.Hyperbole（夸张）：a figure of speech in which an object or event isexaggerated or exaggerated for effect, such as using words like "I wasstarving for days" to describe a short period of hunger.6.Irony（反讽）：a figure of speech in which the intended meaning of astatement is the opposite of its literal meaning, such as using words like"nice weather we're having" when it's raining.7.Oxymoron（矛盾修饰法）：a figure of speech in which two opposite orcontradictory words or phrases are used together to create a paradoxicaleffect, such as using words like "bittersweet" to describe a mixed feeling of happiness and sadness.这些修辞手法都可以增强语言的表达力，帮助传达更深刻的意义。
英语写作中的修辞手法与表达技巧
英语写作中的修辞手法与表达技巧写作是一门艺术，无论是中文还是英文写作，修辞手法和表达技巧都是至关重要的。
而英语作为一门全球通用的语言，更加注重准确、优雅的表达方式。
本文将重点探讨英语写作中常用的修辞手法和表达技巧，以帮助读者提高英文写作水平。
一、比喻与隐喻比喻和隐喻是英语写作中最常用的修辞手法之一。
比喻是通过将一个事物与另一个事物做类比来帮助读者更好地理解。
例如，“她的笑容如春日的阳光般温暖。
”这个比喻将她的笑容与春日的阳光做类比，形容其温暖的特质。
隐喻则是通过象征性的语言来传达某种含义。
例如，“他是我的明灯，指引着我前进的道路。
”这个隐喻将他比喻为明灯，表示他在作者的生活中扮演着重要的角色。
二、对比与排比对比和排比是一种常用于英语写作的修辞手法，可以帮助加深读者对比较对象之间的差异或相似之处，并以此达到强调的效果。
例如，“她的眼睛像黑夜的星空，他的眼睛却如湖水般清澈。
”这个对比通过描绘两个人眼睛的不同特点，突显了他们的个性差异。
排比则是通过反复使用相同的句式结构来强调同类事物的重要性。
例如，“We learn history not by textbooks alone, but by the stories of those who came before us; We understand the world not just through our own eyes, but by stepping intothe shoes of others.”这个排比通过强调多种途径了解历史和理解世界的重要性，为读者展示了更加全面的思考方式。
三、使用修辞词汇使用修辞词汇可以使文章更加生动有趣，增强语言的表达力。
例如，用形容词来修饰名词，用动词来描述动作，用副词来修饰动词等。
例如，“The delicate petals of the rose danced in the breeze.”这个例子中，使用了“delicate”来修饰“petals”，使读者能够更加直观地感受到玫瑰花的美丽。
英语中19种修辞手法的全部解释和例句解析
8.Parallelism 排比, 平行
这种修辞法是把两个或两个以上的结构大 体相同或相似,意思相关,语气一致的短语. 句子排列成串,形成一个整体. 1>.No one can be perfectly free till all are free; no one can be perfectly moral till all are moral; no one can be perfectly happy till all are happy. 所有的人自由後，才能完全自由；所有的 人都有道德，才能完全合乎道德；所有的 人都幸福了，才能真正幸福。
2.Metaphor 隐喻,暗喻
隐喻是简缩了的明喻,是将某一事物 的名称用于另一事物,通过比较形成. 例如: 1>.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper. 2>.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested.
这种修辞是将一系列词语按照意念的大 小.轻重.深浅.高低等逐层渐进,最后达到 顶点.可以增强语势,逐渐加深读者印象. 例如: 1>.I am sorry, I am so sorry, I am so extremely sorry.
19.Anticlimax 渐降法
The duties of a soldier are to protect his country and peel potatoes.
11.Iro误时,用赞同过 失的说法,而在表扬时,则近乎责难的说 法. 1>.It would be a fine thing indeed not knowing what time it was in the morning. 早上没有时间观念还真是一件 好事啊（真实含义是应该明确早上的时 间观念）
英语中有19种修辞手法
英语中有19种修辞手法，它们分别是：Simile明喻、Metaphor 隐喻，暗喻、Metonymy 借喻，转喻、Synecdoche 提喻、Synaesthesia 通感，联觉，移觉、Personification 拟人、Hyperbole 夸张、Parallelism 排比，平行、Euphemism 委婉，婉辞法、Allegory 讽喻，比方、Irony 反语、Pun 双关、Parody 仿拟、Rhetorical question 修辞疑问、Antithesis 对照，对比，对偶、Paradox 隽语、Oxymoron 反意法，逆喻、Climax 渐进法，层进法、Anticlimax 渐降法。
下面和大家分享一下这19种修辞手法的全部解释和例句，快来学习吧！1.Simile 明喻明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比。
这种共性存有于人们的心里，而不是事物的自然属性。
标志词常用like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等。
例如：1>.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow。
2>.I wandered lonely as a cloud。
3>.Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale。
2.Metaphor 隐喻，暗喻隐喻是简缩了的明喻，是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物，通过比较形成。
例如：1>.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper。
2>.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested。
英语中所有26种修辞手法的全部解释和例句
英语修辞手法总结Figures of speech (修辞)are ways of making our language figurative. When we use words in other than their ordinary or literal sense to lend force to an idea, to heighten effect, orto create suggestive imagery, we are said to be speaking or writing figuratively. Now we are going to talk about some common forms of figures of speech.1) Simile：(明喻）It is a figure of speech which makes a comparison between two unlike elements having at least one quality or characteristic (特性)in common. To make the comparison, words like as, as...as, as if and like are used to transfer the quality we associate with one to the other. For example, As cold waters to a thirsty soul, so is good news from a far country.2) Metaphor：(暗喻）It is like a simile, also makes a comparison between two unlike elements, but unlike a simile, this comparison is implied rather than stated. For example, the worldis a stage.3) Analogy: (类比）It is also a form of comparison, but unlike simile or metaphor which usually uses comparison on one point of resemblance, analogy draws a parallel between two unlike things that have several common qualities or points of resemblance.4) Personification: (拟人）It gives human form of feelings to animals, or life and personal attributes(赋予) to inanimate(无生命的) objects, or to ideas and abstractions(抽象). For example, the wind whistled through the trees.5) Hyperbole: (夸张） It is the deliberate use of overstatement or exaggeration to achieve emphasis. For instance, he almost died laughing.6) Understatement: (含蓄陈述） It is the opposite of hyperbole, or overstatement. Itachieves its effect of emphasizing a fact by deliberately(故意地) understating it,impressing the listener or the reader more by what is merely implied or left unsaid than by bare statement. For instance, It is no laughing matter.7) Euphemism: (委婉） It is the substitution of an agreeable or inoffensive(无冒犯) expression for one that may offend or suggest something unpleasant. For instance, we refer to "die" as " pass away".8) Metonymy (转喻）It is a figure of speech that has to do with the substitution of the mane of one thing for that of another. For instance, the pen (words) is mightier than the sword (forces).9) Synecdoche (提喻） It is involves the substitution of the part for the whole, or thewhole for the part. For instance, they say there's bread and work for all. She was dressedin silks.10) Antonomasia (换喻）It has also to do with substitution. It is not often mentioned now, though it is still in frequent use. For example, Solomon for a wise man. Daniel for a wise and fair judge. Judas for a traitor.11) Pun: (双关语） It is a play on words, or rather a play on the form and meaning of words. For instance, a cannon-ball took off his legs, so he laid down his arms. (Here "arms" has two meanings: a person's body; weapons carried by a soldier.)12) Syllepsis: (一语双叙） It has two connotations.In the first case, it is a figure by which a word, or a particular form or inflection of a word, refers to two or more words in the same sentence, while properly applying to or agreeing with only on of them in grammar or syntax(句法). For example, He addressed you and me, and desired us to follow him. (Here us is used to refer to you and me.)In the second case, it a word may refer to two or more words in the same sentence. For example, while he was fighting , and losing limb and mind, and dying, others stayed behind to pursue education and career. (Here to losing one's limbs in literal; to lose one's mindis figurative, and means to go mad.)13) Zeugma: (轭式搭配） It is a single word which is made to modify or to govern two or more words in the same sentence, wither properly applying in sense to only one of them, orapplying to them in different senses. For example, The sun shall not burn you by day, nor the moon by night. (Here noon is not strong enough to burn)14) Irony: (反语） It is a figure of speech that achieves emphasis by saying the opposite of what is meant, the intended meaning of the words being the opposite of their usual sense. For instance, we are lucky, what you said makes me feel real good.15) Innuendo: (暗讽） It is a mild form of irony, hinting in a rather roundabout (曲折)way at something disparaging(不一致) or uncomplimentary(不赞美) to the person or subject mentioned. For example, the weatherman said it would be worm. He must take his readings in a bathroom.16) Sarcasm: (讽刺） It Sarcasm is a strong form of irony. It attacks in a taunting and bitter manner, and its aim is to disparage, ridicule and wound the feelings of the subject attacked. For example, laws are like cobwebs, which may catch small flies, but let wasps break through.17) Paradox: (似非而是的隽语） It is a figure of speech consisting of a statement or proposition which on the face of it seems self-contradictory, absurd or contrary to established fact or practice, but which on further thinking and study may prove to be true, well-founded, and even to contain a succinct point. For example more haste, less speed.18) Oxymoron: (矛盾修饰） It is a compressed paradox, formed by the conjoining(结合) of two contrasting, contradictory or incongruous(不协调) terms as in bitter-sweet memories, orderly chaos(混乱) and proud humility(侮辱).19) Antithesis: (对照） It is the deliberate arrangement of contrasting words or ideas in balanced structural forms to achieve emphasis. For example, speech is silver; silence is golden.20) Epigram: (警句） It states a simple truth pithily(有利地) and pungently(强烈地). It is usually terse and arouses interest and surprise by its deep insight into certain aspects of human behavior or feeling. For instance, Few, save the poor, feel for the poor.21) Climax: (渐进） It is derived from the Greek word for "ladder" and implies the progression of thought at a uniform or almost uniform rate of significance or intensity,like the steps of a ladder ascending evenly. For example, I came, I saw, I conquered.22) Anti-climax or bathos: (突降）It is the opposite of Climax. It involves stating one's thoughts in a descending order of significance or intensity, from strong to weak, from weighty to light or frivolous. For instance, But thousands die, without or this or that, die, and endow(赋予) a college, or a cat.23) Apostrophe： (顿呼） In this figure of speech, a thing, place, idea or person (dead or absent) is addressed as if present, listening and understanding what is being said. For instance, England! awake! awake! awake!24) Transferred Epithet: (转类形容词） It is a figure of speech where an epithet (anadjective or descriptive phrase) is transferred from the noun it should rightly modify(修饰) to another to which it does not really apply or belong. For instance, I spent sleeplessnights on my project.25) Alliteration: (头韵） It has to do with the sound rather than the sense of words for effect. It is a device that repeats the same sound at frequent intervals(间隔) and since the sound repeated is usually the initial consonant sound, it is also called "front rhyme". For instance, the fair breeze blew, the white foam flew, the furrow followed free.26) Onomatopoeia: (拟声） It is a device that uses words which imitate the sounds made by an object (animate or inanimate), or which are associated with or suggestive(提示的) of some action or movementExplanation version1一、什么是修辞格修辞格(figures of speech)是提高语言表达效果的语言艺术。
英语中常见的修辞手法
英语中常见的修辞手法英语中常见的修辞手法包括以下几种：1. 比喻：用一个事物来代替另一个事物，以便突出某种特点或形象描绘。
例如："He is a shining star."2. 暗喻：通过隐晦的方式来暗示某种含义或形象。
例如："The classroom wasa zoo."3. 拟人：将非人类的事物赋予人类特征，使其更形象生动。
例如："The wind howled."4. 反问：提出一个问题，但并不期望得到回答，用于强调某种观点或引起读者的思考。
例如："Isn't it a lovely day?"5. 夸张：夸大事物的特点或程度，以便产生强烈的感觉或效果。
例如："I've told you a million times."6. 对比：将两个相对的事物或观点进行对比，突出它们的差异或相似之处。
例如："Love is patient, love is kind."7. 排比：重复使用相同的结构，以便加强表达的力度或效果。
例如："I came, Isaw, I conquered."8. 修饰语：使用形容词、副词等修饰词语，以增强其描述能力或表达感情色彩。
例如："The sun was shining brightly."9. 双关语：使用具有多重意义的词语或短语，以产生幽默效果或引起读者的注意。
例如："Time flies like an arrow; fruit flies like a banana."10. 反复：重复使用相同的词语或短语，以强调某种观点或产生连贯的效果。
例如："Never, never, never give up."这些修辞手法在语言表达中起到了丰富和强调的作用，并可以提升语言的美感和表达的效果。
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英语中的45种修辞（1）alliteration（押头韵）：一组单词的第一个辅音相同，比如例句中四个以l开头的单词。
▲ Let us go forth to lead the land we love.（2）anacoluthon（错格）：句子从一种结构变成另外一种结构，比如例句由肯定结构变成疑问结构。
▲ As a regular reader of your papers -- Why does it give so little space to science?（3）anadiplosis（联珠）：将一个或一组单词重复多遍，比如例句中的servants。
▲ Men in great place are thrice servants: servants of state, servants of fame, and servants of business.（4）anaphora（首语重复）：将一个句子的开头单词或短语，在随后的句子中重复多遍，比如例句中的we shall fight。
▲ We shall fight on the seas and oceans, we shall fight on the beaches, we shall fight on the landing grounds, we shall fight in the fields and in the streets, we shall fight in the hills.（5）anastrophe（词序倒装）: 改变正常词序，比如例句中最后一部分，正常词序是yet a breeze never blew up 。
▲ The helmsman steered, the ship moved on, yet never a breeze up blew.（6）antistrophe（逆反复）：在每个句子的结尾，重复相同的单词或短语，比如例句中的without warning。
▲ In 1931, Japan invaded Manchuria, without warning. In 1935, Italy inv aded Ethiopia, without warning. In 1938, Hitler occupied Austria, without warning.（7）antithesis（对偶）：两个或多个句子，结构相同，但含义相反，或者含义形成对比，比如例句中的is no vice与is no virtue。
▲ Extremism in the defense of liberty is no vice, moderation in the pursuit of justice is no virtue.（8）aporia（假装疑问）：假装表示疑问，做出对某件事情好象不太肯定的样子，比如例句的最后部分。
▲ Then the steward said within himself, ’What shall I do?’（9）aposiopesis（中断）：突然中断一个句子，以表示恐惧、兴奋等感情，比如例句在I saw后面中断。
▲ The first thing I saw -- But I dare not describe the dreadful sight.（10）apostrophe（顿呼）：在叙述过程中，突然对不在场的第三人（或拟人化的抽象事物）的称呼，比如例句中的O you gods。
▲ Judge, O you gods, how dearly Caesar loved him.（11）archaism（拟古）：使用古体单词，或者已废弃单词，比如例句中的sate（sit的古体过去式和过去分词）。
▲ Pipit sate upright in her chair, some distance from where I was sitting.（12）assonance（协音）：重复某个发音相同或相似的音节，比如例句中的Thy/thy和-dom/done。
▲ Thy kingdom come, thy will be done.（13）asyndeton（连接词省略）：省略单词、短语或从句之间的连接词，比如例句省略了两个连接词and。
▲ But, in a larger sense, we cannot dedicate, we cannot consecrate, we cannot hallow this ground.（14）brachylogy（省略）：省略一个不太重要、读者通常可以猜出的单词或短语，比如例句省略了out后面的of。
▲ He looked out the window.（15）cacophony（杂音）：使用一组发音不和谐的单词，以便让人听着不舒服，比如例句中的一组单词。
▲ We want no parlay with you and your grisly gang who work your wicked will.（16）catachresis（生硬比喻）：用不准确的单词进行不准确的比喻，比如例句中的thirsty ear。
▲ I listen vainly, but with thirsty ear.（17）chiasmus（交错配列）：两个对应部分没有按照a-b-a-b顺序排列，而是按照a-b-b-a顺序排列，比如例句中的(often) (in my thoughts) and (in my prayers) (always)。
▲ Those gallant men will remain often in my thoughts and in my pray ers always.（18）climax（渐强）：重新排列单词、短语或从句，以便让整个句子具有语气逐渐增强的效果，比如例句最后部分and not to yield是整句的高潮。
▲ One equal temper of heroic hearts, made weak by time and fate, but strong in will, to strive, to seek, to find, and not to yield.（19）euphemism（委婉）：用礼貌、非冒犯性的表达，代替不礼貌、冒犯性的表达，比如例句中的passed away和went to be with the Lord。
▲ Charles Shively, 94, passed away at home and went to be with the Lord on April 22, 2004, from natural causes.（20）hendiadys（重言）：用and连接两个名词，以代替一个形容词和一个名词，比如例句中的voice and supplication，代替supplicatory voice。
▲ I love the Lord, because he has heard my voice and supplication.（21）hypallage（换置）：交换两个单词的位置，交换之后的句子符合语法，但不一定符合逻辑，比如左边的例句变成右边的例句。
▲ Apply water to the wound. -- Apply the wound to water.（22）hyperbaton（倒装）：颠倒句子各个部分，通常是颠倒主语和谓语，比如左边的例句可以变成右边的例句。
▲ He is happy. -- Happy is he.（23）hyperbole（夸张）：通过夸张达到某种修辞效果，比如例句中的An hundred years.▲ An hundred years should got to praise thine eyes and on thine forehead gaze, two hundred to adore each breast, but thirty thousand to the rest.（24）hysteron proteron（逆序）：故意颠倒事件发生的自然顺序，也就是后发生的先说，先发生的后说，比如左边的例句变成右边的例句。
▲ I fall, I faint, I die. -- I die, I faint, I fall.（25）irony（反语）：字面意思与说话人实际想要表达的意思不一致，通常用来讽刺，比如例句中的an honourable man。
▲ Yet Brutus says he was ambitious, and Brutus is an honourable man.（26）litotes（曲意）：利用否定的形式，表达肯定的意思，比如例句中的not healthy相当于dangerous。
▲ War is not healthy for children and other living things.（27）metaphor（隐喻）：利用某些单词进行含蓄的比喻，此时这些单词已经不再是字面上的意思了，比如例句中的an iron curtain。
▲ From Stettin in the Baltic to Trieste in the Adriatic, an iron curtain has descended across the continent.（28）metonymy（换喻）用一个单词代替另外一个在概念上有关联的单词，比如例句中的sword，用来代替war。
▲ The pen is mightier than the sword.（29）onomatopoeia（拟声）：模拟自然界的各种声音，比如例句中的ticktacking。
▲ I hear the clock ticktacking, and time goes by.（30）oxymoron（矛盾修饰）：使用两个或多个自相矛盾的单词，比如例句中的cruel和kind。
▲ I must be cruel only to be kind.（31）paradox（佯谬）：似是而非、或者似非而是的表达，比如例句中关于youth的看法。
▲ What a pity that youth must be wasted on the young.（32）paraleipsis（假省）：故意省略某个部分之后，修辞效果反而更强，比如例句中possessions后面的省略。
▲ That part of our history detailing the military achievements which gave us our several possessions ... is a theme too familiar to my listeners for me to dilate on, and I shall therefore pass it by.（33）paraprosdokian（没有汉语译文）：一个句子的结尾令人感到吃惊，或者令人感到意外，比如例句中的the wall behind me。