PHD博士考试
中科大博士笔试
中科大博士笔试中科大博士笔试（PhD Entrance Exam at University ofScience and Technology of China）引言：中科大（University of Science and Technology of China，简称USTC）作为中国八大名校之一，以其严格的选拔标准和优质的教育质量而闻名。
而中科大博士笔试，作为选拔优秀研究生的重要环节，对于评估考生的综合能力和潜力至关重要。
本文将从笔试的概况、题型及科目、备考建议等方面，对中科大博士笔试进行详细介绍。
概况：中科大博士笔试是一场全面考察考生学术素养和科研能力的重要考试。
该考试通常在每年的秋季进行，历时两天。
第一天主要考察考生的专业基础知识，包括学科综合素质测试和学科专业测试；第二天则考察考生的科研能力，包括学术英语和科技论文写作能力的测试。
题型及科目：1. 学科综合素质测试：此部分题目以选择题为主，涵盖了数学、物理、化学、计算机科学等多个学科的基础知识。
考生需要迅速准确地回答相应题目，对于快速决策和分析问题具有一定要求。
2. 学科专业测试：该部分根据考生所选择的专业进行设置。
不同专业的测试内容涵盖范围广泛，要求考生对所学专业领域内的知识体系有全面的了解，并能运用灵活。
3. 学术英语：此部分考核考生的英语水平，包括阅读理解、句子填空、语法和词汇运用等。
对于考生来说，拥有良好的英语能力是非常重要的，它不仅是与国际学术界交流的窗口，也是进行科研工作的基本工具。
4. 科技论文写作能力：该部分考察考生对科技论文写作的理解和应用能力。
考试内容通常包括写作题目、文献阅读和写作分析等。
考生需要通过阅读理解和论述自己的观点来展示其科研能力和面对问题的解决能力。
备考建议：1. 加强专业基础知识的学习。
根据自己所选择的专业科目，针对性地复习和学习相关知识。
可以参考历年真题，了解考试内容和题型，并进行模拟练习。
2. 提升学术英语水平。
美国高校博士资格考试
Presentation & Questions
设计/机械零件和系统设计
Stanford
STANFORD Qualifying Exam
Topic Exam (3门)
数学
自动控制
生物机械工程 机电 设计方法 面向制造的设计 流体力学 能源系统 反应气体动力学 传热学 固体力学
冬季学期 MSE520 Advanced Mechanical Behavior（材料） ME530 Advanced Heat Transfer（ 传热） ME535 Thermodynamics III（热力 学和燃烧） ME555 Design Optimization（设 计） ME599.003 Special Topics in Mechanical Engineering（生物系 统）：分子与细胞生物系统
psu
PSU Qualifying Exam
Candidacy Exam Topic Areas
固体力学 刚体力学 系统动力学 热力学 流体力学 传热学
学生从中选择考3门，每门都包括笔试和口试。
交大 ？
完全照搬？
SJTU Qualifying Exam
Power Engineering 流体力学 传热学 热力学 燃烧学 Mechanical Engineering 设计 制造 控制 动力学与振动
NOTE：硕博课程体系打 破机-动必修课限制
Written Exams (3门，博士入学专业考试取消。)
Oral Exam 学生对前期的课程和研究工作总结，演讲并回答问题。
Questions
动力学 微机电系统和设备
医学 哲学博士 认证
医学哲学博士认证
医学和哲学都是深奥的学科，获得医学和哲学博士学位需要经
过严格的学术训练和研究。
首先，医学博士（MD）通常是指医学博
士学位，这需要完成医学院的课程和实习，以及通过医学执照考试。
医学博士学位的认证通常由医学协会或相关的专业机构颁发。
另一方面，哲学博士（PhD）是研究型学位，需要完成深入的研
究项目并撰写博士论文。
哲学博士学位的认证通常由大学或研究机
构颁发，取决于学位授予国家的教育体系。
获得医学或哲学博士学位需要经过严格的学术评审和考核，包
括课程学习、研究项目、论文撰写和口头答辩等环节。
此外，医学
和哲学博士学位的认证还可能涉及专业资格考试和实践经验的要求，以确保持有该学位的个体具备相关领域的专业知识和技能。
总的来说，医学和哲学博士学位的认证涉及多个方面，包括学
术训练、研究能力、专业知识和实践经验等。
获得这两个领域的博
士学位需要经过严格的学术和专业评审，才能获得认证并从事相关
的专业工作。
PhD是什么？
PhD是什么？PhD不是某一种标准化语言考试的简称，也不是申请人自己的成绩或个人描述，而是一种学位，用一个不准确的词讲，PhD就是博士。
我们看到，PhD这个词中大写的字母有两个，所以这个词要从Ph处断开，Ph代表的是philosophy，意即哲学。
D代表doctor，意即博士。
出出国自成立以来一直致力于提供顶级美国留学咨询服务,革命性地采用了递进式专家团队服务新概念，将深度个性化和标准化服务科学的结合起来，实现了信息化系统管理，开创了留学教育咨询服务的新时代。
两年间获得了前30位的学校占比27%，前50位学校占比60%，学生的录取结果普遍比预期提升20-50位排名。
2010年至今出出国荣任中国企业联合会理事特约教育顾问、教育中介机构委员会特约培训师机构，被评选为“保护消费者权益315信用品牌”。
两年间出出国接受了中国教育台《学海风云录》专题报道、CCTV《学无止境》专访、新浪教育频道专访、北京青年报报道等。
要理解PhD是什么，我们先要来谈谈学术学位和专业学位。
在近两年的研究生招生工作中，我们接触到学术型研究生和专业型研究生两个新词，通常的解释是学术型研究生为的是将来继续研究深造，而专业型研究生是面向就业的。
我们可以从这两个词粗略地理解一下学术学位和专业学位，基本上医学、工程学、教育学和工商管理学这些有着明确职业背景的就是专业学位，都有各自的博士学位名称：医学博士是MD，工程博士是DEng，教育学博士是EdD，工商管理博士是DBA。
所以要准确理解PhD是什么，就要明白PhD是不能与博士划等号的。
我们上文中提到，PhD 从字面上来讲是哲学博士，主要用于学术学位的博士。
所有对本学科的研究深度达到哲学层次的博士都用PhD来表示，例如历史哲学博士：PhD in history。
到现在我们已经可以回答PhD是什么这个问题，再来拓展一下为什么PhD可以涵盖所有学术学位的博士。
我们知道，philosophy这个词是由希腊语转化而来的，由philo （爱）和sophia （智慧）两部分组成，而在古英语中，doctor的含义是学者、教师。
博士生怎么考
博士生怎么考要成为一名博士生，需要经过一系列的考试和评估过程。
在中国，通常有以下几个步骤：1. 入学考试：大多数大学和研究机构在招收博士生时会设立入学考试。
入学考试一般包括两部分内容：学科基础知识考试和科研能力综合评估。
学科基础知识考试主要测试申请者在相关学科领域的学术知识储备，包括理论知识和实践能力。
而科研能力综合评估则主要评估申请者的科研潜力和创新能力，一般包括学术论文写作能力和口头报告能力。
2. 答辩：通过入学考试后，申请者通常需要选择自己感兴趣的研究方向，并找到导师指导自己的研究课题。
在读博士期间，申请者需要进行一定的研究工作，并在导师的指导下撰写博士学位论文。
完成博士论文后，需要进行博士学位论文答辩。
答辩一般由学术委员会组织，成员包括导师、相关专家和学院教师。
申请者需要在答辩中展示自己的研究成果，并回答评委的提问。
3. 发表学术论文：在读博士期间，申请者需要积极开展科研工作，并尽可能将研究成果发表在相关学术期刊上。
论文的发表情况对申请者的博士研究生毕业和职业发展都具有重要的影响。
4. 学位申请和评审：博士生完成博士论文答辩后，需要提交学位申请和评审资料。
学位评审一般由学位评审委员会负责，成员包括国内外专家和学院教师。
委员会会对学位申请和评审资料进行综合评估，并决定是否授予博士学位。
5. 学位授予：通过学位评审后，学院将会正式授予博士学位。
博士学位的授予通常需要参加学位授予仪式，并领取学位证书。
总而言之，成为一名博士生需要通过入学考试、进行研究工作和论文撰写、答辩和学位评审等一系列步骤。
这个过程既需要申请者的学术能力和科研能力，又需要导师的指导和学术委员会的评估。
三峡大学博士研究生英语入学考试真题
三峡大学博士研究生英语入学考试真题全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1Three Gorges University PhD Entrance ExamSection I: Reading Comprehension (40 points)Read the passage below and answer the questions that follow.The Industrial Development of ChinaChina's rapid industrial development over the past few decades has been nothing short of remarkable. From a predominantly agrarian society to a global manufacturing powerhouse, China has transformed its economy and infrastructure to become one of the world's leading industrial nations.One key factor in China's industrial growth has been the government's push for modernization and technological advancement. Through strategic policies and investments in research and development, China has been able to leapfrog ahead in industries such as electronics, automotive, andaerospace. This has not only boosted China's economy but also enhanced its global competitiveness.Another contributing factor to China's industrial success is its large and skilled workforce. With a population of over 1.4 billion people, China has a vast pool of talent that has helped drive its industrial growth. The government has also invested heavily in education and training programs to provide workers with the necessary skills and knowledge to succeed in modern industries.Despite its impressive industrial achievements, China still faces challenges in the form of environmental pollution, resource depletion, and social inequality. The government has acknowledged these issues and has implemented measures to address them, such as promoting sustainable development practices and improving social welfare programs.In conclusion, China's industrial development has been a testament to its resilience and determination to succeed on the global stage. By addressing its challenges and continuing to invest in innovation and sustainability, China is poised to remain a key player in the industrial landscape for years to come.1. What has been a key factor in China's industrial growth?A. Abundant natural resourcesB. Skilled workforceC. Government subsidiesD. Rapid urbanization2. How has China addressed its environmental challenges?A. By ignoring themB. By promoting sustainable development practicesC. By decreasing industrial productionD. By increasing pollution levels3. What is the main idea of this passage?A. China's industrial development has been remarkableB. China's industrial growth has had no impact on the environmentC. China's workforce is not skilled enoughD. China's government has not invested in educationPlease write your answers in the space provided.Section II: Writing (60 points)Choose ONE of the following topics and write a 500-word essay.1. The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Society2. The Importance of Renewable Energy Sources3. The Role of Women in Leadership PositionsRemember to support your arguments with examples and evidence.Good luck on your exam!篇2Three Gorges UniversityDoctoral Program Entrance ExamSection 1: Reading Comprehension1. Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow.The Impact of Climate Change on BiodiversityClimate change is one of the most pressing issues facing the world today. Rising global temperatures, melting ice caps, and extreme weather events are just some of the consequences ofclimate change. One of the less talked about impacts of climate change is its effect on biodiversity.Biodiversity refers to the variety of life forms on Earth and the interactions between them. As temperatures rise and habitats are altered, many species are facing extinction. The loss of biodiversity has serious implications for ecosystems and human society as a whole.1. What is biodiversity and why is it important?2. How does climate change affect biodiversity?3. What are some ways to mitigate the impact of climate change on biodiversity?Section 2: Writing1. Write an essay on the following topic:"The Role of Education in Combating Climate Change"2. Write a research proposal on a topic related to your field of study.Section 3: Listening ComprehensionListen to the audio recordings and answer the questions that follow.Section 4: SpeakingPrepare a short presentation on a topic of your choice and be prepared to answer questions from the examiners.Good luck on your exam!篇3Three Gorges University Doctoral Graduate English Entrance ExaminationReading ComprehensionDirections: In this section of the test, you will have 30 minutes to read a passage and then answer questions based on the passage. Answer the questions to the best of your ability.Passage 1: Climate Change and Its Effects on Global Health1. What is climate change?Climate change refers to long-term changes in temperature, precipitation, and other climate patterns on Earth. These changes are largely driven by human activities, specifically the burning of fossil fuels and deforestation.2. How does climate change impact global health?Climate change can have a variety of negative effects on global health. For example, rising temperatures can lead to an increase in heat-related illnesses, such as heat stroke, dehydration, and heat exhaustion. Additionally, changes in precipitation patterns can lead to droughts, which can contribute to food shortages and malnutrition. Extreme weather events, such as hurricanes and wildfires, can also pose significant risks to public health.3. What can be done to mitigate the effects of climate change on global health?There are several steps that can be taken to mitigate the effects of climate change on global health. These include reducing greenhouse gas emissions, increasing the use of renewable energy sources, promoting sustainable agriculture practices, and investing in public health infrastructure. It is also important for individuals to take steps to protect their own health, such as staying hydrated during heat waves and following evacuation orders during extreme weather events.4. How can individuals contribute to the fight against climate change?Individuals can contribute to the fight against climate change by reducing their own carbon footprint. This can be doneby using public transportation, carpooling, conserving energy at home, and reducing waste. Additionally, individuals can advocate for policies that aim to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and protect the environment.5. What are the potential benefits of addressing climate change?Addressing climate change can have a variety of benefits, including improved public health, enhanced food security, and a more sustainable environment. By taking action to mitigate the effects of climate change, we can create a healthier and more resilient planet for future generations.Questions:1. According to the passage, what is the main driver of climate change?2. How can rising temperatures impact global health?3. What steps can be taken to mitigate the effects of climate change on global health?4. How can individuals contribute to the fight against climate change?5. What are the potential benefits of addressing climate change?Please write your answers on a separate sheet of paper and turn it in to the proctor when you have finished.Writing SectionDirections: In this section of the test, you will have 60 minutes to write an essay in response to the prompt below. Your essay should be approximately 300-400 words in length.Prompt: In recent years, there has been a growing awareness of the importance of mental health. Discuss the impact that mental health has on overall well-being and the steps that can be taken to promote mental health in society.Be sure to address the following points in your essay:- Define mental health and its importance to overallwell-being.- Discuss the factors that can contribute to mental health problems.- Outline steps that can be taken to promote mental health in society.Please write your response in the space provided. Remember to use proper grammar and punctuation.Good luck!。
QualifyingExaminationforPhDStudents：为博士生资格考试.doc
QUALIFYING EXAMINATION FOR PHD STUDENTSADMITTED INTO THE DEPARTMENT OF PSYCHOLOGY FROM ACADEMIC YEAR 2004-20051. IntroductionAll graduate research students admitted from academic year 2004-2005 come under the new framework for graduate studies・Under the new structure, the Qualifying Examination (QE) of PhD students comprises:U A comprehensive examination; andU An oral defenee of the PhD thesis proposal (about 30-50 pages)The comprehensive exami nations (CE) test the general competence of the can didate in his/her discipline(s) or field(s), whereas the oral defe nee of the PhD thesis proposal ensures that the candidate is prepared to embark on his/her thesis research. The details of these QE comp orients are set out in the following sections ・The QE should be taken before the end of the second year of the PhD candidature. A second attempt may be taken no later than 6 months after the first, failed attempt. If the second attempt also ends in failure, a recommendation will be made to the Board of Graduate Studies to terminate the student's can didature.The QE will be examined by the Thesis Committee which should consist of three experts (one of which being the candidate's supervisor). All examiners must be available to con duct the examinati ons.2. Comprehensive Examinations (CE)2.1 ・ Rationale and AimsA PhD graduate in Psychology would be expected to have in-depthknowledge of his/her chosen thesis research topic, and in addition to demon strate compete nee in the broader research areas that relate to thethesis topic as well as the gen eral sub-field of psychology that in eludeshis/her thesis research topic.As a guideline, “broader research areas that relate to the thesis topic" refers to the narrower and more specialized research focus that is closely relatedto the thesis (e.g., cardiovascular, cognitive・behavioural therapy, workingmemory, group behaviour) whereas ^sub-field of psychology" refers to thegeneral subject area of the PhD thesis (e.g., Health,Abnormal, Biological, Clinical, Cognitive, Counselling, Developmental, Industrial/Organizational or Social Psychology).Typically, a candidate is thus expected to be competent in his/her thesis research topic as well as his/her broader research sub-field in Psychology. In this discussion, “competence's defined as the mastery of the content of a basic undergraduate module in those areas or sub-fields. Leaving aside issues relating to performance or teaching abilities, the idea here is that a PhD graduate should have the requisite knowledge to con duct an undergraduate module in his/her research areas or sub-fields.For example, a candidate may be writing a thesis on the role of social support in cardiovascular disorders. The Comprehensive Exams would allow the candidate to dem on strate his/her “compete nee” in (for example) both cardiovascular psychology and more broadly in health psychology.2.2. Number of Comprehensive ExaminationsThe candidate must complete two Comprehensive Examinations (CE1 and CE2):F CE1 would be in the candidate5s thesis research area (e.g.,cardiovascular psychology) but should be broader than the thesis research topic (e.g., the role of social support in cardiovascular disorders).U CE2 would cover the general sub-field of psychology (e.g., health psychology) related to the candidate's thesis research area.2・3・T iming of the Comprehe nsive Exami nationsAfter consultation with the Thesis Committee, the candidate should set dates for the CE and inform the Department of the dates (attention: Ms. Loh Poh Yee). The CE should be con ducted on campus within the period of one working week.The examiners will then have two working weeks to evaluate the CE and must then reach a consensus on whether to submit a Pass/Fail result to the Department.2.4. Scope of Comprehensive ExaminationsAfter the subject areas of the CE have bee n determi ned, the can didate must draw up two reading lists (one for each exami nation). Each reading list should comprise the primary sources and major studies in the releva nt subject area and should generally contain AT LEAST 30 TITLES (inclusive of books and articles). Some may consider 30 titles to be insufficient; but the purpose here is to offer some guidelines for the benefit of the student, to prevent possible disputes that might be expected of CE, in addition toensuring a required level of competence.The thesis committee would then comment on these reading lists and ifappropriate help guide the student to broaden the scope of the reading lists to in elude other relevant research papers ・The approved reading lists must be made known to the Thesis Committeeat least 5 months prior to the CE (slight alterations could be alloweddepending on the Thesis Committee's consent). The Thesis Committeeshould provide their comments to the student WITHIN ONE MONTH toallow the candidate sufficient time to prepare・2.5. Format of Comprehensive ExaminationsEach CE will comprise two written 3-hour open-book exami nations.A student is strongly encouraged to type her/her examination answers,although handwritten answers could still be accepted.In each exam, the student should answer ONE out the three questions which will be set by the thesis committee. The thesis committee must coordi nate to avoid duplicati on or overlap and ensure sufficient coverage of the research topics. The exam papers should be submitted to the Department at least one working week before each scheduled exam. The supervisor is responsible for the coordination of the exam paper.3. Oral Defence of PhD Thesis Proposal3.1 ・ Rationale and AimsThe oral defence of the thesis proposal will ensure that the candidate is ready to embark on his/her thesis research. This is the one of the QE components, which tests the candidate5s specialized knowledge.32 Timing of the Oral DefenceThe oral exam should be taken after the written CEs. Whether or not the can didate attempts the oral defence should not, however, depe nd on the performanee during the written CEs. The final Pass/Fail result for the QE will be based on both (i) the oral defence and (ii) the written CE components ・After con sultati on with the Thesis Committee, the can didate should set a date for the oral defence and inform the Department of this date (attention: Ms. Loh Poh Yee). The period of time between the written CEs and the oral defenee should be agreed upon by the student and the Thesis Committee but the entire QE must be completed before the end of second year of PhDcandidature.The student must submit a thesis proposal 4-8 weeks before the date of the oral exam in order to give the examiners enough time to read and frame questions.4. Format and Scope of the Thesis ProposalThe thesis proposal should not exceed 10,000 words and be type in 12pt font size with double line spacing. This word count should exclude bibliography, tables, figures end・and footnotes. The format should conform to APA style.The thesis proposal should be concise, cogently argued and well-written for an intelligent reader who may be unfamiliar with the specific research topic chose n. It should therefore contain a critical review of the releva nt literature that introduces the examiners to the chosen research topic and frames the hypotheses of the study. The methods of data collection should also be clearly explained.Thesis Committee members are urged to read the proposal carefully before the oral examination in order to be fair to the student.5. Format of the Oral Defence ExaminationAll of the Thesis Committee members (including the supervisor) will examine the candidate during the oral exam.。
博士考试试题及答案英语
博士考试试题及答案英语PhD Exam Questions and Answers: EnglishIntroduction:For individuals pursuing a doctoral degree, the PhD exam is a critical milestone that tests their knowledge and competency in their chosen field. In this article, we will explore selected PhD exam questions and provide comprehensive answers in English. The questions cover a range of topics and aim to assess the candidate's understanding and analytical skills.Question 1:Discuss the impact of technology on global communication.Answer 1:Technology has revolutionized global communication, breaking down barriers and creating new opportunities. The widespread availability of the internet and social media platforms has enabled instantaneous connection across continents. This has facilitated the exchange of information and ideas, fostering collaboration and innovation on a global scale. Additionally, technology has made communication more accessible and affordable, bridging the gap between individuals and cultures. However, there are challenges, such as language barriers and the digital divide, that need to be addressed to ensure equal access to communication technologies worldwide.Question 2:Explain the concept of sustainable development and its significance in today's world.Sustainable development refers to the practice of meeting present needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. It emphasizes the integration of economic growth, social equity, and environmental protection. In today's world, sustainable development is of utmost importance due to various reasons. The increasing population and consumption patterns have put significant pressure on natural resources and ecosystems. Sustainable development offers a framework to balance economic development with environmental conservation, ensuring the well-being of current and future generations. It is crucial for addressing climate change, poverty, and inequality, creating a more equitable and resilient society.Question 3:Discuss the impact of globalization on cultural diversity.Answer 3:Globalization has both positive and negative impacts on cultural diversity. On one hand, globalization promotes the sharing and exchange of diverse cultures, leading to increased awareness and appreciation of different traditions and practices. It allows individuals to explore and celebrate cultural diversity, fostering tolerance and understanding. On the other hand, globalization can also lead to cultural homogenization, where dominant cultures overshadow and erode unique local traditions. The influx of global media and consumerism has the potential to dilute indigenous cultures. It is essential to strike a balance, preserving cultural heritage while embracing the benefits of global interconnectedness.Examine the role of ethics in scientific research.Answer 4:Ethics plays a fundamental role in scientific research, ensuring the integrity, validity, and societal impact of scientific endeavors. Researchers have a responsibility to conduct their work with honesty, transparency, and respect for participants and subjects. Ethical considerations include obtaining informed consent, protecting confidentiality, and minimizing harm to individuals and the environment. Additionally, ethical research practices involve avoiding plagiarism, fraudulent data manipulation, and conflicts of interest. Upholding ethical standards promotes the credibility and trustworthiness of scientific findings, contributing to the advancement of knowledge for the betterment of society.Conclusion:The PhD exam questions presented above provide a glimpse into the diverse topics that candidates may encounter during their doctoral journey. These questions necessitate critical thinking, extensive knowledge, and effective communication skills. By thoroughly understanding and successfully answering such questions, individuals demonstrate their readiness to contribute to their respective fields of study. The pursuit of a PhD is not only an academic endeavor but also a commitment to expanding knowledge and making a positive impact on society.。
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北京体育大学2003年博士生入学考试文章来源：中华硕博网()北京体育大学2003 年博士生入学考试教学论试题（50分）一、简答题（20分）1、简析教学活动的构成要素及其各要素之间的相互关系（10分）2、简述形成性评价的特点及其用途（10分）二、论述题（30分）1、教学环境包括哪些内容？应该怎样对教学环境进行优化？（15分）2、运用教学过程的基本功能理论，分析体育教学过程有哪些基本功能，请联系实际予以说明（15分）生物化学试题（50分）一、简答题1、有五个试剂瓶中分别装的是核糖、葡萄糖、果糖、蔗糖和淀粉溶液，但不知道各自是什么。
试用最简便的生化方法将它们鉴别出来。
（10分）2、猪油的皂化价是193～203，碘值是54～70；椰子油的皂化价是246～265，碘值是8～10。
这些数值说明猪油和椰子油的分子结构有什么差异？（10分）二、论述题1、试分析：为什么糖摄入量不足的爱斯基摩人，从营养学的角度看，吃含奇数碳原子脂酸的脂肪比含偶数碳原子脂酸的脂肪好？（15分）2、试述运动对蛋白质代谢的影响及分子调节过程。
（15分）运动生理学试题（50分）(非专业用)一、简答题（共20分）1、肌纤维类型如何划分，划分肌纤维类型对运动实践有何意义？（10分）2、在体育科研中测定运动员的最大摄氧量有何意义？（10分）二、论述题（共30分）1、试述有氧运动健身的生理学原理（15分）2、试述评定运动员机能水平的主要生理指标与评定方法（15分）运动生理学试题（100分,运动人体科学专业）一、简答题（共40分）1、简述肌电图在体育科研中的应用（10分）2、简述运动对雄激素和生长激素分泌活动的影响（15分）3、简述运动性免疫抑制的机理（15分）二、论述题（共60分）1、试述自由基对人体机能影响的机理（20分）2、试述个体乳酸阈在体育运动中的理论与实践意义（20分）3、试述现代科学技术的发展对运动生理学的影响（20分）运动生物力学试题（50分）一、简答题（共20分）1、说明影片分析中误差的来源及消除方法（10分）2、简述骨的力电性质（10分）二、论述题（共30分）1、描述人体运动的生物力学参数有哪些？分别用什么手段获得？（15分）2、结合你的研究经历，谈对运动生物力学研究方法及应用前景的认识。
（15分）运动心理学试题（50分）一、简答题（共20分）1、简述奈德弗（Nideffer）关于注意方式的理论。
(10分)2、简要评述唤醒与运动操作成绩关系的突变模型。
(10分)二、论述题（共30分）1、对运动中焦虑的测量有哪几类方法？各有什么优缺点？(15分)2、体育运动中的成败归因有哪些维度？运动员应建立哪些正确的归因定向？(15分)北京体育大学——运动生物力学、教学论2003年博士研究生入学考试10-01-11 13:24 发表于：《考博资料购买与分享区》分类：未分类北京体育大学——运动生物力学、教学论2003年博士研究生入学考试运动生物力学试题（50分）一．简答题（共20分）1、说明影片分析中误差的来源及消除方法（10分）2、简述骨的力电性质（10分）二、论述题（共30分）1、描述人体运动的生物力学参数有哪些？分别用什么手段获得？（15分）2、结合你的研究经历，谈对运动生物力学研究方法及应用前景的认识。
（15分）北京体育大学2003年博士生入学考试教学论试题（50分）一、简答题（20分）1、简析教学活动的构成要素及其各要素之间的相互关系（10分）2、简述形成性评价的特点及其用途（10分）二、论述题（30分）1、教学环境包括哪些内容？应该怎样对教学环境进行优化？（15分）2、运用教学过程的基本功能理论，分析体育教学过程有哪些基本功能，请联系实际予以说明（15分）2004年北京体育大学博士入学考试...业务课1-运动生理学试题（150分）一、名词解释（共6题、每题5分，共30分）1.氧脉搏2.渗透压3射压分数4.心力储备5.运动后过量氧耗6.氧热价二、简答题（共4题、每题15分，共60分）1.简述影响无氧耐力的主要因素有哪些2.出现极点与第二次呼吸现象的生理原理是什么3.简述骨骼肌兴奋—收缩耦联的机理4.简述无氧阈的测试原理与生理意义三、论述题（共3题、每题20分，共60分）1.试述肌纤维类型与运动实践的关系2.试述高原训练对人体的生理作用试述如何运用运动生理学知识指导运动时间活动业务课2-教育学及运动训练学（150分）教育学试题（75分）运动训练学试题（75分）一、概念题（共3题、每题5分，共15分）1.运动成绩2.程序训练法3.无氧耐力二、简答题（共3题、每题10分，共30分）1.简述竞技能力与训练水平含义的异同2.简述模式训练法的基本结构3.简述竞技状态阶段性发展过程的生物学基础三、论述题（共2题、每题15分，共30分）1.为什么许多运动员某项竞技能力的发展并非突出，但是他们仍可获得世界冠军，请运用运动训练学相应理论分析这一现象，并举例说明。
2009-05-07 10:36业务课1-运动生理学试题（150分）一、名词解释（共5题、每题6分，共30分）1.最大摄氧量2.青春期高血压3极点4.肺通气阈5.运动后过量氧耗二、简答题（共4题、每题15分，共60分）1.影响能量代谢的因素是什么2.简述牵张反射的分类和意义3.准备活动的目的是什么4.无氧耐力的限制因素是什么三、论述题（共3题、每题20分，共60分）1.试述血乳酸指标在运动实践中的应用原理2.试述有氧训练的生理学原理3.试述超级恢复的生理学原理业务课2-教育学及运动训练学（150分）教育学试题（75分）运动训练学试题（75分）一、概念题（共3题、每题5分，共15分）1.运动训练2.运动成绩3.体能二、简答题（共3题、每题10分，共30分）1.简述竞技能力的构成要素2.简述模式训练法的结构和特点3.简述体能训练的意义三、论述题（共2题、每题15分，共30分）1.试述竞技需要原则的科学依据及其运用注意点2.奥运会110米栏作为速度性体能类项目，历来被认为不是亚洲人的强项，但刘翔的成功打破了人们对该项目竞技能力构成的认识，请运用训练学相应理论分析刘翔成功的原因。
2009-05-07 10:36业务课1-运动生理学试题（150分）一、名词解释（共5题、每题8分，共40分）1.适应性2.肌电图3氧脉搏4.运动性蛋白尿5.氧亏二、简答题（共2题、每题25分，共50分）1.少年儿童身体素质发展有哪些特点2.试述长期运动对心血管系统的影响三、论述题（共2题、每题30分，共60分）1.从影响肌肉力量的生物学因素角度，论述肌肉力量提高的生理学机制2.试述常用生理机能指标在运动训练实践中是如何应用的业务课2-运动训练学（150分）一、名词解释（共5题、每题8分，共40分）1.运动训练2.运动成绩3训练规律4.模式训练法5.灵敏素质二、简答题（共2题、每题25分，共50分）1.简述竞技体育的基本构成要素2.简述不同类型比赛的参赛目的三、论述题（共2题、每题30分，共60分）1.试述运动员竞技状态的阶段性变化与训练大周期分期的关系2.简述我国部分优势项目备战08奥运技术创新的意义考博经验：报考专业与学校2009-04-23 15:09报考专业和学校首先要能够考上，其次是结合兴趣和爱好，再次是学校的名气和地理位置。
报考方向很重要，往往决定你考博的成败。
如果方向选错了，即使你准备再充分，实力再雄厚，可能也只是"陪考"而已。
好学校不一定难考，一般学校不一定好考。
首先是报考的专业。
专业不同，直接决定自己将来的事业走向。
一般考生往往会选择和硕士时期相同的专业，也有人为了将来就业需要，可能会考虑转行。
这就要求对自己有一个正确的定位，要结合自己的兴趣和能力。
如果转专业，一定要注意现在要报考的专业和自己的原专业不能太脱节。
不能否认随着交叉学科的兴起，博导们对跨专业考生的偏爱也与时俱进。
如学数学、统计学的报考经济学、管理学有明显的优势，有理工科背景的人报考与公共政策与管理有关的专业也较受欢迎。
成功的专业选择取决于自己的兴趣和对自己实力以及对我国当前政治、经济形势的正确判断。
其次，确定报考学校或单位。
根据自己目前的实力，选择合适的学校。
往往该专业名气越大的学校，竞争就越激烈，越能激发潜能。
如果你原来硕士毕业高校较好，报考一般院校博士缺乏挑战性，未必能考出好成绩。
毕竟一般院校的竞争力相对弱些。
所以，考生同时报考两所甚至三四所高校，已经成了"公开的秘密"。
有的博导不能保证上线就能录取，也建议考生同时报考其他学校，这能够起到东方不亮西方亮的效果。
这两三各学校的专业最好相同或者相近，时间上和档次上最好拉开。
另外，无论是考博还是高考，都有报考"大年"与"小年"之说。
考博成功是多方面因素的共同作用。
运气也是一个因素，每个学校、每个专业往往是今年报考的多了，明年可能就少了。
今年这个专业竟争激烈，不一定明年也竞争激烈。
有的学校还存在报不满的情况，比如有一年，北京理工大学个别专业，报考人数小于招生人数;南方某所著名师范大学某个专业参加考试的人数和招生人数大致相当。
这种情况，只要你的专业课和外语不是太差，就极有可能被录取。
如何抓住这种机会呢?就是多报。
阅读写作听力口语语法相关链接：（点击即可观看）∙安徽大学部分学科2009年起实行硕博连读制度2009-04-14∙江苏省2009年拟增4个博硕学位授予单位2009-04-14∙2009年中科院考博英语作文解析2009-04-02∙2009年博士授予单位云南省有望再添3家2009-03-05∙大力推进产学研合作选拔东大博士生挂职企事业单位2009-03-05∙中国地震局工程力学研究所博士研究生报名公告2009-03-05∙考博经验：如何抓住重点提高成绩2009-03-05∙2009清华博士谈考博前的准备2009-03-05∙安徽省2009年招考博士后计划2009-03-05∙青岛高校2009年招考博士生计划2009-03-052009年南京大学博士研究生招生简章2009-04-23 15:04一、培养目标培养德智体全面发展，在本学科掌握坚实宽广的基础理论和系统深入的专门知识，具有独立从事科学研究工作的能力，在科学或专门技术上做出创造性成果的高级专门人才。
二、报考条件公开招考方式的报考条件是：1。
拥护中国共产党的领导，愿意为祖国社会主义现代化建设服务，品德良好，遵纪守法;2。
已获硕士学位的人员;应届硕士毕业生;获得学士学位6年以上并达到与硕士毕业生同等学力的人员;已获学士学位6年或6年以上的在职人员，符合下列条件之一者，可视为同等学力的人员：在国内外核心刊物上已发表与报考学科相关的论文，或有专着;有获部省级以上奖励的科研成果。