英语专四语法总结—非谓语动词的其他考点
专四练习之语法2(非谓语动词,独立结构、悬垂结构)解读
2. 非谓语动词作宾语
1.to do 和doing可作宾语，done不行 To do 表未完成或未发生，doing表已完成或已 发生。 1）接to do的动词：afford/agree/aim/apply arrange/ ask/ beg/ choose/ claim/ dare/ decide/ decline/ demand/ desire/ determine/ expect/ fail/ guarantee/ hope/ manage/ offer/ ought / plan/ prepare/ presume/ pretend/ proceed/ promise/ refuse/ request/ resolve/ seek/ strive/ swear/ threaten/ undertake/ volunteer/ wish 等
3.非谓语动词作补语的要点提示
1. 现在分词表动作正在进行， 过去分词表被动， 不定式表动作已完成或结束 2.补语如果是非持续性动词，不定式表 一次性的动作，现在分词则表示反复发 生的动作。
I. 非谓语动词
非谓语动词考点总结归纳
非谓语动词考点总结归纳非谓语动词是英语语法中的重要部分，包括动词不定式、动名词和分词（现在分词和过去分词）。
在句子中，非谓语动词不充当主谓宾等主要成分，而是在句子中起到修饰、补充、强调、并列等作用。
以下是非谓语动词的常见考点总结和归纳：1. 非谓语动词作主语或宾语：动词不定式和动名词可以作为句子主语或宾语，而分词则只能作宾语。
这种句型通常具有主语被动的语气，如"It's no use crying over spilt milk"（为洒了的牛奶哭泣是没有用的）。
2. 原因状语从句的省略：原因状语从句中如果主语和主句主语一致，可以省略成分，转化为非谓语动词短语作为从句。
如“Because he was ill, he couldn't come"（由于他病了，他不能来），可以省略成分转化为“Being ill, he couldn't come”（病了，他不能来）。
3. 动词不定式的主被动和完成式：动词不定式有主动和被动两种形式，因此可以表示主被动关系，如"To have tea or to behad tea?（喝茶还是被喝茶？）。
此外，还可以用完成式表示动作已经完成，如"I am happy to have finished my homework"（我很高兴完成了我的作业）。
4. 動名詞所表示的時態：動名詞表示的时间和现在分词可以通过简单地分析句子中动词的时态来确定。
如“Tom enjoys playing tennis”（汤姆喜欢打网球）中playing tennis表示的是一个经常性的动作，而“Tom is playing tennis now”（汤姆现在正在打网球）中playing tennis则表示现在正在进行的动作。
5. 分词作定语：现在分词和过去分词经常用作定语修饰名词，如shining stars（闪闪发亮的星星）、a book written by Hemmingway（海明威写的一本书）。
专四语法(非谓语动词)解读
(4) 不定式的逻辑主语一般由介词for引导,但下列表 示人的性格行为特征的形容词做表语时, 不定式的 逻辑主语则由of引导： absurd, bold, brave, courageous, careful, careless, clever, wise, foolish, silly, stupid, good, nice, kind, thoughtful, considerate, greedy, generous, honest, modest, polite, rude, cruel, selfish, lazy, wicked, wrong。如： Experts say walking is one of the best ways for a person to stay healthy. It’s clever of you to have invented such a device.
• 真题示例：“The man preparing the documents is the firm’s lawyer” has all the following possible meanings EXCEPT • A. the man who has prepared the documents • B. the man who has been preparing the documents. • C. the man who is preparing the documents • D. the man who will prepare the documents
真题演练
• 1. It is not uncommon for there ____ problem of communication between the old and the young. • A. being B. would be C. be D. to be • 2. _____ at in his way, the situation doesn’t seem so desperate. • A. Looking B. Looked • C. Being looked D. To look • 3. There are only ten apples left in the baskets, ___ the spoil ones. • A. not counting B. not to count • C. don’t count D. having not counted
非谓语动词知识点总结
非谓语动词知识点总结非谓语动词是英语语法中的一个重要知识点，它可以用来修饰主语或宾语，增强句子的表达力和信息量。
在本文中，我将详细介绍非谓语动词的用法和一些常见的形式。
希望通过本文的阅读，读者能够更好地理解和运用非谓语动词，提高自己的英语写作水平。
一、非谓语动词的定义和分类非谓语动词是指在句子中充当动词的成分，但不具备谓语的功能。
它不受主语的人称和数的限制，也不受时态的影响。
根据其形式和功能的不同，非谓语动词可以分为动名词、不定式和分词三种形式。
1. 动名词（Gerund）动名词是动词加上-ing形式构成的名词，常用作主语、宾语、表语、宾补等。
例如：- Smoking is harmful to health.（吸烟对健康有害）- I enjoy swimming in the sea.（我喜欢在海里游泳）- His hobby is playing basketball.（他的爱好是打篮球）2. 不定式（Infinitive）不定式是动词的原形加上to构成的形式，常用作动词、形容词或名词的补语。
例如：- He wants to buy a new car.（他想买一辆新车）- I have a lot of work to do.（我有很多工作要做）- The book is too heavy to carry.（这本书太重，无法携带）3. 分词（Participle）分词是动词的-ing形式（现在分词）或-ed、-en等形式（过去分词）构成的形容词，常用作定语、状语或补语。
例如：- The running water is very clear.（流动的水非常清澈）- The broken vase has been repaired.（打破的花瓶已经修好了）- We were surprised by the exciting news.（令人兴奋的消息让我们感到惊讶）二、非谓语动词的用法非谓语动词在句子中具有独立的语法功能，可以用来修饰名词、代词、动词、形容词和副词等，以及构成复合句的各种从句。
专四语法考点串讲之三 非谓语动词
• I have a lot of homework to do. • We were waiting for the door to be opened. • .
• 完成式 •
to have done to have been done 分词动作比谓语动作的发生早
• •
eg. I'm sorry to have lost your key. I am happy for the article to have been finished in time.
• 注意：why +动词原形或not+动词原形。
• •
。Why
make so much noise 为什么发出这么大的噪音？ Why not join us 为什么不加入我们？
• 3. It is + 形容词 + for of sb + to do 结构 • Eg. It's kind of you to think so much of us. • 难为你这么为我们着想.
用完成式。
Eg. Having done his homework, he began to watch TV. • • Having heard this, the woman expressed her satisfaction
考点四：不定式做状语四结果三目的 （必备）
• 一、不定式表结果 • 1） so(such) ... as to do 如此…以便（表结果） • Would you be so kind as to lend me your bicycle? 把你的自 行车借给我好吗？ • 2） enough to do • He didn‘t run fast enough to catch the train. 他跑得不够快, 没赶上火车。 • 3） too ... to do • His eyesight is too poor to read such small letters. • 4）only to不料(却)……,结果(却)……",表示坏的结果 • I went to shopping, only to find it was closed.
非谓语动词总结知识点
非谓语动词总结知识点一、动词不定式（Infinitive）动词不定式由“to + 动词原形”构成。
动词不定式在句子中可以作多种成分，具有名词的性质。
下面是动词不定式的主要用法：1. 作主语：To travel around the world is my dream.2. 作宾语：I want to study English.3. 作定语：The best way to learn English is to practice speaking.4. 作表语：My goal is to improve my English.5. 作状语：He goes to the library to study every day.当动词不定式作为宾语补足语时，它可以由动词原形构成（Bare Infinitive）。
例如：I saw him draw a picture yesterday. （我昨天看到他画了一幅画。
）二、动名词（Gerund）动名词是由动词的现在分词形式加上动词-ing构成的。
动名词在句子中可以作多种成分，具有名词的性质。
下面是动名词的主要用法：1. 作主语：Reading is my hobby.2. 作宾语：I enjoy swimming in the ocean.3. 作定语：I like watching movies.4. 作表语：His favorite activity is playing basketball.5. 作状语：He left without saying goodbye.动名词与不定式的区别在于，动名词具有名词的性质，而动词不定式具有动词的性质。
例如：I like swimming. （我喜欢游泳。
）I like to swim. （我喜欢游泳。
）动名词与动词不定式作宾语时，有时可以根据动词选择使用不定式还是动名词。
例如：I stopped smoking. （我戒烟了。
英语非谓语动词的11个重要考点
英语非谓语动词11个重要考点一、考查不定式、现在分词与过去分词的基本区别从时间关系上看，不定式表未来，现在分词表进行，过去分词表完成，同时注意不定式和现在分词的完成式也表完成(尤其是表示有明显的先后关系的完成)；从主动与被动来看，不定式和现在分词表主动，过去分词表被动，同时注意不定式和现在分词的被动式也表被动(不定式的被动式在表被动的同时还兼表未来，现在分词的被动式表被动的同时还兼表进行)。
如：1. I send you 100 dollars today, the rest _____ in a year.A. followsB. followedC. to followD. being followed 答案选 C2. _____from other continents for millions of years, Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other country in the world.A. Being separatedB. Having separatedC. Having been separatedD. To be separated分析：答案选 C。
二、考查非谓语动词的主动式与被动式结合句子意思，考察非谓语动词与相应逻辑主语的关系，若为主动关系，用主动式；若为被动关系，用被动式。
此时要特别注意，过去分词没有相应的被动式，因为它本身可以表示被动。
如：1. The repairs cost a lot, but it’s money well_____.A. to spendB. spentC. being spentD. spending 分析：答案选B2. The prize of the game show is＄30000 and an all expenses _____ vacation to China.A. payingB. paidC. to be paidD. being paid分析：答案选B。
英语专四语法总结—非谓语动词的其他考点【卧龙雪痕】
英语专四语法总结—非谓语动词的其他考点【卧龙雪痕整理】【南阳师范学院外国语学院】非谓语动词的其他考点1.接不定式或动名词做宾语都可以，但在意思上有区别的动词的用法mean to do想要(做某事) mean doing意味(做某事) propose to do 打算(做某事) propose doing建议(做某事)forget to do忘记(要做的事) forget doing忘记(已做的事) remember to do记得(要做某事) remember doing记得(做过)go on to do继而(做另一件事) go on doing继续(做原来的事) stop to do停下来去做另一件事stop doing停止正在做的事regret to do(对将要做的事)遗憾regret doing(对已做过的事)后悔2.不定式的习惯用法句型：cannot help but do cannot but do cannot choose but do can do nothing but do have no choice/alternative but to do上述句型的意思接近，即“不得不做”、“不禁做”、“不由自主地做”、“不能不做”、“只能做”。
如：Nobody can help but be fascinated by the world into which he is taken by the science fiction.When I consider how talented he is as a painter, I cannot help but believe that the public will appreciate his gift.3.动名词的习惯用法句型：be busy/active doing sth. have difficulty/trouble/problem doing sth. It’s no good/use/picnic doing sth. have a good/great/wonderful time doing sth. spend/waste time doing sth. There is no point/sense/harm/ use doing sth.cannot help doing sth. There is no doing sth.I know it isn’t important but I can’t help thinking about it. There is no use crying over spilt milk.Alice was having trouble controlling the children because there were so many of them.4.there be 非谓语动词的用法(1)做宾语时取决于谓语动词的持续要求。
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非谓语动词的其他考点
1.接不定式或动名词做宾语都可以，但在意思上有区别的动词的用法
mean to do想要(做某事) mean doing意味(做某事) propose to do 打算(做某事) propose doing建议(做某事)
forget to do忘记(要做的事) forget doing忘记(已做的事) remember to do记得(要做某事) remember doing记得(做过)
go on to do继而(做另一件事) go on doing继续(做原来的事) stop to do停下来去做另一件事stop doing停止正在做的事
regret to do(对将要做的事)遗憾regret doing(对已做过的事)后悔
2.不定式的习惯用法
句型：cannot help but do cannot but do cannot choose but do can do nothing but do have no choice/alternative but to do上述句型的意思接近，即“不得不做”、“不禁做”、“不由自主地做”、“不能不做”、“只能做”。
如：
Nobody can help but be fascinated by the world into which he is taken by the science fiction.
When I consider how talented he is as a painter, I cannot help but believe that the public will appreciate his gift.
3.动名词的习惯用法
句型：be busy/active doing sth. have diffi culty/trouble/problem doing sth. It’s no good/use/picnic doing sth. have a good/great/wonderful time doing sth. spend/waste time doing sth. There is no point/sense/harm/ use doing sth.
cannot help doing sth. There is no doing sth.
I know it isn’t important but I can’t help thinking about it. There is no use crying over spilt milk.
Alice was having trouble controlling the children because there were so many of them.
4.there be 非谓语动词的用法
(1)做宾语时取决于谓语动词的持续要求。
如：
The students expected there to be more reviewing classes before the final exams.(expect要求接不定式做宾语)
(2)做目的状语或程度状语时用for there to be，做其他状语用there being。
如：
For there to be successful communication, there must be attentiveness and involvement in the discussion itself by all present.
(for there to be…在句中做目的状语)
It isn’t cold enough for there to be a frost tonight, so I can leave Jim’s car out quite safely. (for there to be…在句中做程度状语)
There being no further questions, we’ll stop here today. (there being…做原因状语)
(3)引导主语用for there to be。
如：It is unusual for there to be no late comers today.
(4)做除for外的介词宾语，用there being。
如：
He would always ignore the fact of there being such a contradiction in his inner thought.。