语法第四次课讲解倒装
高考各题型语法知识专题复习课件：专题04 倒装句
语法填空
9.Hearing the dog barking fiercely, away _______（ run）the thief.
答案：ran 副词away提前，句子用完全倒装，时态是一般过去时，因此谓语动 词用ran。
此前我们从未有在技术上能让这个国家的农业 最高效的创新。
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语法填空中的倒装句
语法填空
1. Not until he left his home ______ he begin to know how important the family was for him.
答案：did not until位于句首时，句子需用部分倒装结构，此处指过 去所发生的动作，需用一般过去时，故答案为did。
语法填空
5.Strange _____ it might sound,his idea was accepted by all the people at the meeting.
答案：as/ though 句意：虽然听起来很奇怪，他的观点在会上得到了 所有人的认可。as/ though引导让步状语从句时， 从句要用倒装语序。
答案：So 在so +adj+that..句子结构中，so和其所修饰的词置于句首时，要 用部分倒装。
语法填空
4._______it rain tomorrow , we would not go hiking .
答案：Should 句意：如果明天下雨, 我们就不去远足. Should it rain tomorrow = If it should rain tomorrow.
倒装讲解
倒装倒装是一种语法手段，是为了满足某种句子结构的需要或强调某一句子成分的需要，将英语中最基本的主谓，主谓宾/表等一些比较固定的语序加以颠倒，包括完全倒装，部分倒装，特殊倒装。
一．完全倒装——将主语和谓语完全颠倒过来，叫完全倒装1．直接引语位于句首的陈述句，主谓直接倒装“It’s too late.” said George.2．状语位于句首的陈述句，主谓直接倒装表示方位和时间的副词here, there, out, in, up, down, off, away, now, then等或介词短语置于句首时，谓语为come, go, run, rush, walk, fly, jump, fall或lie, stay, sit, stand 等，主谓直接倒装.There comes a bus.Out rushed a group of children.Away flew the rare bird.Then goes the bell.Now comes your turn.To the east of the village lie two chemical works.By his side sat his faithful dog.On the top of the mountain stands a pine tree.Up the hillside go the climbers.注意点（1）谓语一般使用一般现在时或一般过去时，才能倒装。
Out has come Tom. (×) →Out came Tom. (√)（2）主语是名词时才可实行主谓直接倒装，主语为代词时，副词或介词短语可置于句首，但主谓不倒装。
Here it is. / Here you are.Out they rushed.Down he jumped.3．表示“有”或“存在”意义的结构，如“ There be/ exist/ lie/ live/ stand + 主语”，也是使用主谓完全倒装的形式。
人教版必修5 Unit4语法 倒装 全部倒装 部分倒装
（not until在强调句中不倒装）
It was not until the teacher came that he finished his homework.
注意2：
在no sooner …than…， hardly/scarcely …when…(一/ 刚…就…)句型中，前倒后不倒。主句谓语用过去完成时， 从句谓语动词用一般过去时。
判断下列句子为部分倒装还是完全倒装并将 之改为基本语序。
Here comes the bus.( 全部倒装 ______ ) The bus comes here. Never have I seen such a good show.（ __） 部分倒装
I have never seen such a good show.
only 修饰主语置于句首时不用倒装 Only socialism can save China.
2 含有否定意义的词或词组位于句首
①no, never, hardly, seldom, little, few, nowhere, neither, nor , rarely ②not only…but (also), not until, hardly/ scarcely… when, no sooner… than, ③ at no time, by no means, in no way, under no condition, on no account, at no time, in no case
注意3： not only...but (also)...连接两个并列分句时，
前倒后不倒
Not only are the students planting trees， but (also) the teacher is.
系统讲解英语语法之倒装的情况
什么时候需要倒装，什么时候部分倒装。
英语中有许多否定词和否定词组,在句中用作状语、宾语或表语,当它们被置于句首时,常常引起倒装。
在这些倒装句中,如果谓语动词是动词的一般现在时或一般过去时形式,句子需要全部倒装,否则就只局部倒装。
其他倒装情况要看具体强调的是什么内容。
常见的放句首的否定词有:(句型: 否定词+ 助动词/be动词+ 主语)by no means 决不in no case 决不in no way 决不on no consideration 决不under no circumstances 决不in nocircumstances 决不barely 简直没有hardly 几乎不scarcely 几乎不little/few 几乎没有,一点也不never 从不no sooner ...than...一...就not 不,没有not a bit 一点也不not...until...直到...才nowhere 没有地方,无处rarely 很少seldom 很少only 只有not only...but also 不但...而且...例句:Barely does he have enough time to study.By no means is translation work easy.注意：1. 这些倒装的词，只有当Not only…but also连接两个分句时，才在第一个分句用倒装结构。
如果置于句首的Not only… but also仅连接两个并列词语，不可用倒装结构，例如, Not only you but also I am fond of music.Not only did she refuse the gift，she also severely criticized the sender.2. 对于not…until句型，当not until…位于句首时，其后的主句要用倒装语序。
初中英语语法讲解倒装句
初中英语语法讲解：倒装句定义为了强调、突出等语用目的而颠倒原有语序的句式叫做倒装句。
在倒装句中，颠倒了的成分可以恢复原位而句意基本不变，句法成分不变。
英语倒装句(Inversion)主语和谓语是句子的核心，它们之间有两种语序：一是主语在谓语之前称为自然语序（Natural Order）；二是主语在谓语之后则称为倒装语序（Inverted Order）。
而倒装语序中又有完全倒装（Full Inversion）和部分倒装（Partial Inversion）完全倒装（Full Inversion）:又称“全部倒装”，是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。
此结构通常只用与一般现在时和一般过去时。
部分倒装（Partial Inversion）：指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。
如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。
英语句子的倒装一是由于语法结构的需要而进行的倒装，二是由于修辞的需要而进行的倒装。
前一种情况，倒装是必须的，否则就会出现语法错误；后一种情况，倒装是选择性的，倒装与否只会产生表达效果上的差异。
一、表示强调:倒装句最突出、最常见的修辞效果就是强调，其表现形式如下：1、only +状语或状语从句置于句首,句子用部分倒装。
例子:Only in this way can you solve this problem.只有用这种方法,你才可以解决这个问题。
Only after he had spoken out the word did he realize he had made a big mistake.只有当他已经说出那个字后才意识到自己犯了个大错误。
2、hardly、in no way、little、scarcely、seldom、never、no more、no longer、not、not only、no sooner、not only … (but also)、not until… 等具有否定意义的词或词组位于句首，句子用部分倒装。
语法专题4-倒装
语法专项4－倒装句倒装句是英语句型中的特殊句式，是书面表达中提分的亮点，也是语法填空和改错常设的考点。
倒装语序即将谓语的一部分或全部置于主语之前的语序叫做倒装语序。
可分为两种：完全倒装（full inversion）和部分倒装（partial inversion）。
一、完全倒装完全倒装是指谓语全部移至主语之前；完全倒装有以下几种情况：1. 以in, out, up, down, away, off, back, now, then, thus等副词开头的句子+ vi.+名词; (vi常为：stand, lie, come, go, fall, begin, end等，常用一般现在时/一般过去时。
)① Then came the hour we had been looking forward to.② Out he rushed with a stick in his hand. （注意：主语为人称代词时不用倒装）2.There be/ seem/ exist/ lie/ live/ remain/ appear + 名词(+ 状语)① There seems a man behind the door.② There lies a temple on the top of the hill③ There goes the bell!3.介词短语做地点状语位于句首，句子的谓语动词是be, stand, sit, lie等vi时。
如：① On the ground lay a sick goat.② They arrived at a house, in front of which sat a small boy.4.在“主+be+表语”的结构中，为了强调表语，将表语移至句首，即：表语（形容词/副词/介词状语）+be+主语① Inside was an exhibition of the most up-to-date inventions of the 31st century.② Among the speakers was China’s Premier Li Keqiang.二、部分倒装部分倒装是将谓语的一部分（助动词/情态动词/be动词）移至主语之前，谓语的其他部分仍保留在主语的后面。
倒装句语法讲解
倒装句倒装是需要表示一定句子结构和强调某一句子成分时所采取的一种句子手段。
注意我们经常总结的英语中的倒装主要是主谓结构的倒装，将主语和谓语完全颠倒过来为完全倒装，只将助动词或情态动词等移至主语之前，则称为部分倒装。
一、完全倒装1.表示地点，时间的副词放在句首时，句子需要完全倒装,此类副词常见的有：here, there, now, then, up, down, out等Eg. Here comes the bus.There stands an old tree.Now comes your turn.*注意如果主语是代词，则无需倒装，如第一个例句的主语不是bus而是it，则必须说：Here it comes.2.表示时间，地点，方向等的介词短语放句首时，完全倒装：Eg. In front of the village runs a river.On the top of the building flies a flag.3.分词短语置于句首时全部倒装：Eg. Lying on the floor was a boy aged about 12.Seated in the front were the guests.4.主系表结构中，表语前置，完全倒装：Eg. Present at the meeting were experts on biology.The lecture he prepared was long and boring. 可全倒装为：Long and boring was the lecture he prepared.5.There be句型为全部倒装。
二．部分倒装（半倒装）1.疑问句中的部分倒装：·一般疑问句中，我们都可以很明显的看到助动词或者be动词被提前到了主语前面：Have you finished your work?Do you like reading?-Are you crazy?·特殊疑问句中助动词也提至主语前，但要放在疑问词之后：Where did you live in the past?2.Only+状语/状语从句位于句首时，主句中的主语和谓语要部分倒装：Only+状语: Only in this way can you solve this problem.Only+状语从句: Only after you experience the same things will you understand your sister.3.表示否定意义的副词和连词放在句首时需要部分倒装结构。
倒装句语法完全讲解
大学英语四级CET4 语法讲义之倒装句一.概念:英语句子通常有两种语序:一种主语在前,谓语在后,称为自然语序,另一种谓语在前,主语在后,称为倒装语序。
二.相关知识点精讲按“主语+ 谓语” 这种顺序排列的句子是陈述语序。
如果排列顺序变为“谓语（或谓语一部分）+主语”，就是倒装。
倒装句分为：完全倒装：整个谓语移至主语前面叫完全倒装。
部分倒装：只把助动词、系动词或情态动词放在主语之前叫部分倒装。
1. 当以there, here, out , in , up , down, away 等副词开头的句子，为了起到强调的作用，可构成倒装句，只把副词放在句首，主语和谓语位置调换，不加助动词。
①Our teacher came in.②In came our teacher.(05.06阅读)Among the report are more outrageous(令人无法容忍的)findings - a German fertilizer described itself as "earthworm-friendly", a brand of flour said it was " non- polluting", and a British toilet paper claimed to be "environmentally friendlier".该报道当中，有很多让人无法忍受的发现，如：一种德国肥料被描绘成“对蚯蚓无害”;一种新的品牌的面粉写道“没有任何污染”;还有一家英国公司的卫生纸被宣称为“环保者”。
(07.06阅读)Then one day a few years ago, out of my mouth came a sentence that would eventually benete me reply to any and all provocations: I don't talk about that anymore.几年前的一天，我说了一句话并最终成为我对任何和全部挑衅的回答：关于那个问题我再也不讨论了。
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七.以副词neither/nor, so开头的句子或分句,用来 表示不同主语的相同情况,也要使用倒装结构. neither/nor用于否定句，so用于肯定句。 1.They can buy the car, so can we. 2.He did not see the film last night, neither/nor did I. 3.He is a doctor, so is his wife. 4.Mary hasn’t been to abroad, neither/nor语（从句）时： （only+状语14+助动词/情态动词+主语+ 谓语）
１.Only in this way can we accomplish it on time. ２.Only when you have obtained sufficient data can you come to a sound conclusion.
本题答案为C).本句将not until置于句首,主句 要倒装.由于从句用的是过去完成时,因此主句应用一 般过去时.本句意思是:直到比赛开始了,他才到运动 场
4.________, he does get annoyed with her sometimes.( CET-4: 2000.6)12 A) As he likes her much B) Although much he likes her C) Much as he likes her D) Much although he likes her
he didn't dare to move an inch. 2.So quickly did the workmen finish their work that they were given more pay.
练习： 3. So fast does he run, that I can not catch up with him. 4.Such a bad accident was it that many people were killed.
of English is very important. 2.Well do I remember the day when it happened.
四.在以so (that...)开头的句子中： （So/Such+形容词/名词+助动词/情态动 词/系动词+主语+谓语） 1.So frightened was he in the darkness that
本题答案为D).本句是考查nor引导的倒装结构,nor表示"也不 "的意思.本句意思是:我无法说服他接受它,我也无法让他认识到 这件事的重要性.
部分倒装主要用在以下结构中
一.句首为否定副词或带有否定意义的词组时 否定副词: never hardly little seldom rarely scarcely neither nor 否定词组：not until, hardly/barely/scarcely when, no sooner than, not only but also, neither nor, In no way一点也不、决不, by no means一点也不, at no time在任何时候都不、决不, in/under no circumstances在任何情况下决不
四级考题
1.Hardly __ the helicopter __ when the waiting crowded ran towards it. 【CET-4：1990.6】 A. had …landed B. has… landed C. did… land D. was… landing
2.We have been told that under no circumstances________the telephone in the office for personal affairs. (CET-4: 1999.6) A) may we use B) we may use C) we could use D) did we use
1.Never has my brother been to abroad before. 2.Seldom does my father watch TV. 3.Not until you told me, did I know the truth . 4.Not only did he teach English at school, but also he wrote novels. 5.Neither at the meeting nor at the previous did they discuss theproblem.
三.有时为了强调句子的状语，或是出于对句子 结构平衡的考虑，常把一些表示方式及频率的 副词提到句子的开头，引起倒装： often, always, once, well, every day, Every few weeks, now and again, many a time （副词+助动词情态动词+主语+谓语） 1. Often does he tell us that a good command
6._______before we depart the day after tomorrow, we should have a wonderful dinner party. (CET4: 1997.1) A) Had they arrived B) Would they arrive C) Were they arriving D) Were they to arrive
倒装
inversion
分类：全部倒装和部分倒装 全部倒装：把谓语动词的全部放在主语之前。 部分倒装：把谓语动词的一部分放在主语之前 （系动词、情态动词、助动词）。
全部倒装主要用在以下结构中 一.句首为there here out in up down away now then thus 等副词，且主语是名词时。 1. Here comes the bus. 2.Away went the car. 3.Down jump the thief from the house. 4.Up went the rocket into the air. 5.Then came the hour we had been looking forward to.
本题答案为C).本句是由as引导的让步状语从句,需要使用倒 装语序,将状语放到句首,故C)正确.本句意思是:虽然他很喜欢她, 但他有时候也觉得她很讨厌
5.______for my illness, I would have lent him a helping hand. (CET-4:1995.1) A) Not being B) Had it not been C) Without being D) Not having been
八.Only if 引导的条件状语从句放在句首，主句 使用倒装结构。 .Only if you study hard, can you pass the final exam.
九.“the+比较级，the +比较级” 结 构中的倒装形式：
1.The more I thought, the more extraordinary did it appear.（这件事我越想越不寻常） 2.The more you know, the more you will realize how little you know. (知道的越多，就越体会到自己知道的多么有限)
本题答案为A).本句中的否定短语under no circumstances位于 宾语从句句首,句子需要用倒装,故B)和C)错误,D)项时态不对.本 句意思是:我们被告之,在任何情况下都不能因私事而使用办公室 的电话.
3.Not until the game had begun______at the sports ground. (CET-4: 2000.6) A) should he have arrived B) had he arrived C) did he arrive D) would he have arrived
6.Hardly had we arrived at the airport when the plane took off. 7.Under no circumstances should you lend him any money. 8.At no time have I said such thing.
本题答案为A).以" only + 副词(介词短语、状语从句)"开头 的句子需要用倒装结构,B)和C)没有用倒装结构,而D)却用了错误 的倒装结构.本句的意思是:一年级的学生只有在特殊情况下才允 许补考.
8.I could not persuade him to accept it,________make him see the importance of it. (CET-4: 1995.1) A) if only I could not B) no more than I could C) or I could not D) nor could I
六.在省略了if的虚拟条件句中：
1. Were I you, I wouldn't feel sorry. 2.Had I had a position with the company, I would have shown myself at the reception（接待会）. 3.Had I had money last year, I would have bought that house.