专利术语语句翻译
专利翻译常用术语和词汇讲课稿
专利翻译常用术语和词汇专利翻译常用术语和词汇在进行专利翻译时，有很多专利常用的专业术语是我们不熟悉的。
今天，乐译通就为大家总结了专利翻译常用的术语和词汇，希望对那些从事专利翻译的小伙伴能够有所帮助。
一、专利翻译常用术语apparatus 装置claim n.权利要求, vt, 主张/要求claims the benefit of .. 要求……的权益figure 附图/图embodiment 实施例implementation实现，别跟embodiement弄混；description 说明书inventor 发明人application 申请 (专利申请)means 装置/方式/手段feature 特征solution 方案，而非“解决方案”，有时可译作“技术方案（technical solution）”；and/or 和/或prior art 现有技术subject matter主题term 术语priority 优先权(relevant) skilled in the art 所属领域技术人员Provisional Application 临时申请Commonly assigned 共同受让的二、专利翻译常用词汇one or more，考虑翻译为“一个或多个”，而不是“一个或更多”;various 翻译成“多种”可能比“各种”要好；有些词的含义比较相似，但在翻译的时候，最好将其区分出来，以尽可能体现原文的信息量，这种区分在词义上可能意义不大，但在语义上还是有意义的，例如：1、apparatus, means, device, equipment, facility, tool，对于这些词，可以选择下列的对应译文：器械，装置，设备，装备，机构，工具2、memory, storage 存储器/存储设备3、process, procedure,function, method 过程/进程，过程，函数/功能/方法，方法4、time, interval, time interval, period, duration, cycle，如果这些词同时出现，在译文中需要体现出差别5、estimate“估计”可能是比“估算”更好的6、location, position, coordinate, place 地点，位置，坐标，地方7、execute, perform, run, process 执行，表演/表现，运行，处理8、power, energy, power source 功率，能量，功率源9、direction, orentation 方向，朝向10、part, section, partition 部分，段，分区11、several, multiple, plural, a number of,some 若干，多个，复数个，大量，一些12、read, read out 如果原文加以区分，译文也建议加以区分13、architecture, structure, struct 架构/体系结构，结构14、disk, optical disk, hard disk, magnetic disk 磁盘，光盘，硬盘15、assignment, allocation, assign, allocate 分配，指派16、schedule, arrange 调度，安排17、diagram, figure, plot, illustration, chart, table 图表18、feature, character 特点，特征19、Include 包括，Comprise of 由...组成，分别对应开放式与封闭式定义20、Part，(no)零部件，(yes)部件/零件，“零部件”是2个词，而Part是一个词，翻译时要准确对应21、value 值，“价值”可能是不准确的译法；22、second 第二，而不是“另一个”；一般也不表达为“第二个”；类似的，first一般译为“第一”，而不用在后面接量词（诸如“个”）；23、become more 变得越来越/愈加/更加（书面语，避免过于口语化）；24、disclosure 公开25、such as, for example连用的情况：考虑翻成诸如——作为举例——26、brief summary 发明内容27、duration/time/period/cycle/interval/clock 持续时间/时间/周期（一段时间）/周期/（时间）间隔/时钟，这些词的意思差不多，但在同时出现的时候要加以区分；28、disclosure 公开，而非“发明”；29、optionally “可选地”，而非“另外”；“另外”有附加的含义，而“可选地”表示单纯的可选项；30、Generally “一般地”，而非“广泛地”；31、Megabytes “兆字节”而非“兆”；32、rather: “而是”，不推荐“相反”，后者强化了可能不存在的矛盾（The embodiments are not limited to the embodiments set forth herein, rather, …）33、procedure 过程，程序（结合上下文选择适当的译法）34、implement “实现”好于“实行”，但为了同近似词区分，也可以考虑换用；35、fabric 构造，织物36、configuration, setting, arrangement 配置，设置，布置；37、application, application program 应用，应用程序；（注意对单独的application，建议翻译作“应用”而非“应用程序”）；38、for example, for instance, such as 尽量最初区分，例如，xx，诸如。
专利翻译常用术语和词汇精编WORD版
专利翻译常用术语和词汇精编W O R D版IBM system office room 【A0816H-A0912AAAHH-GX8Q8-GNTHHJ8】专利翻译常用术语和词汇在进行专利翻译时，有很多专利常用的专业术语是我们不熟悉的。
今天，乐译通就为大家总结了专利翻译常用的术语和词汇，希望对那些从事专利翻译的小伙伴能够有所帮助。
一、专利翻译常用术语apparatus 装置claim n.权利要求, vt, 主张/要求claims the benefit of .. 要求……的权益figure 附图/图embodiment 实施例implementation实现，别跟embodiement弄混；description 说明书inventor 发明人application 申请 (专利申请)means 装置/方式/手段feature 特征solution 方案，而非“解决方案”，有时可译作“技术方案（technical solution）”；and/or 和/或prior art 现有技术subject matter主题term 术语priority 优先权(relevant) skilled in the art 所属领域技术人员Provisional Application 临时申请Commonly assigned 共同受让的二、专利翻译常用词汇one or more，考虑翻译为“一个或多个”，而不是“一个或更多”;various 翻译成“多种”可能比“各种”要好；有些词的含义比较相似，但在翻译的时候，最好将其区分出来，以尽可能体现原文的信息量，这种区分在词义上可能意义不大，但在语义上还是有意义的，例如：1、apparatus, means, device, equipment, facility, tool，对于这些词，可以选择下列的对应译文：器械，装置，设备，装备，机构，工具2、memory, storage 存储器/存储设备3、process, procedure,function, method 过程/进程，过程，函数/功能/方法，方法4、time, interval, time interval, period, duration, cycle，如果这些词同时出现，在译文中需要体现出差别5、estimate“估计”可能是比“估算”更好的6、location, position, coordinate, place 地点，位置，坐标，地方7、execute, perform, run, process 执行，表演/表现，运行，处理8、power, energy, power source 功率，能量，功率源9、direction, orentation 方向，朝向10、part, section, partition 部分，段，分区11、several, multiple, plural, a number of,some 若干，多个，复数个，大量，一些12、read, read out 如果原文加以区分，译文也建议加以区分13、architecture, structure, struct 架构/体系结构，结构14、disk, optical disk, hard disk, magnetic disk 磁盘，光盘，硬盘15、assignment, allocation, assign, allocate 分配，指派16、schedule, arrange 调度，安排17、diagram, figure, plot, illustration, chart, table 图表18、feature, character 特点，特征19、Include 包括，Comprise of 由...组成，分别对应开放式与封闭式定义20、Part，(no)零部件，(yes)部件/零件，“零部件”是2个词，而Part是一个词，翻译时要准确对应21、value 值，“价值”可能是不准确的译法；22、second 第二，而不是“另一个”；一般也不表达为“第二个”；类似的，first 一般译为“第一”，而不用在后面接量词（诸如“个”）；23、become more 变得越来越/愈加/更加（书面语，避免过于口语化）；24、disclosure 公开25、such as, for example连用的情况：考虑翻成诸如——作为举例——26、brief summary 发明内容27、duration/time/period/cycle/interval/clock 持续时间/时间/周期（一段时间）/周期/（时间）间隔/时钟，这些词的意思差不多，但在同时出现的时候要加以区分；28、disclosure 公开，而非“发明”；29、optionally “可选地”，而非“另外”；“另外”有附加的含义，而“可选地”表示单纯的可选项；30、Generally “一般地”，而非“广泛地”；31、Megabytes “兆字节”而非“兆”；32、rather: “而是”，不推荐“相反”，后者强化了可能不存在的矛盾（The embodiments are not limited to the embodiments set forth herein, rather, …）33、procedure 过程，程序（结合上下文选择适当的译法）34、implement “实现”好于“实行”，但为了同近似词区分，也可以考虑换用；35、fabric 构造，织物36、configuration, setting, arrangement 配置，设置，布置；37、application, application program 应用，应用程序；（注意对单独的application，建议翻译作“应用”而非“应用程序”）；38、for example, for instance, such as 尽量最初区分，例如，xx，诸如。
专利翻译惯用句及词汇
专利文献某些惯用语和句子的译法[此帖已被设为推荐] 专利文献翻译技巧专文献既是技术文件又是法律文件，它有一些惯用的词语，下面作一简要介绍。
一、专利惯用的词组Appl.No.(Application Number)申请号 Ser.No.(Serisl Number)申请书，登记号 Int.Cl.3 (International Patent Classification,3 rd Edition)国际专利分类表（第三版） Abstract of the disclosure发明摘要 Preferred embodiments最佳实施方案 Cross-Sheet 5 第5页（图共5页） Sheet 3 of 4第3页（图共4页）二、常用的句子1.Reference is made to our copending application No.25838/78 filed 31 st May 1978.请参阅我们在1978年5月31日登记的与此有关的申请书，其申请号为25838/78。
说明：make reference to:参考，提及。
Copending:与此有关的，尚待批准的。
2.The present application is a continuation-in-part of U.S.patent applications Ser.No.626245, filed Mar.27, 1967,now abandoned and Ser.No.767046,filed Sept.26,1968, now patent No.3619220.本专利申请书是下列两件美国专利申请书的继续。
其中第一件于1967年3月27日提出申请，申请号626245，现已放弃。
第二件于1968年9月26日提出申请，申请号767046，专利号3619220。
说明：continuation-in-part:指的是接续专利。
专利翻译常见用词与术语
一、常用语言点1. according to vs. based on美国版：in accordance with 更开放，according to 范围更小。
美国律师Paul觉得，based on似乎有direct dependent （直接依附/取决于）的意思，也就说，似乎可理解为直接因素。
欧洲字对字版：字面对应翻译，“根据” according to ; "基于" based on2. can vs. may关于“能够”，要根据实际情况选词：# 表达能力，一般不建议用can，而是capable of# 表示可能性，用can或 may# 如果只是表示具体事实，“能够”多余，可以不翻译（但需IPR确认）补充说明：以前美国律师强调过，can会有主观色彩，不建议用。
但现在没有强调，很多时候也用了。
但如果表示可能，用may更保险。
也有美国律师认为，没说can一定不用能，要看在什么地方。
如果是独权相应的描述，每个特征都是必须的，则不用can, can be, may, may be, optionally, etc. 当然，能够用may的地方，比用can听上去顺耳些，大概是更加正式吧。
3. consist of说明书、权利要求均应避免使用封闭性的短语和词语，例如：consist of, composed of, contain。
翻译时确认是否为封闭式。
如果是，可用；如果不是，用form, formed by, include等开放式表述。
（David: 这一条仍有待外国专家确认，但大家可以先遵守。
）4. comprise说明书部分不用comprise这种法律性很强的词。
只是要用include（注：comprise 和include都属于“包括但不限于”的意思，属于开放性词语）。
5. efficient权利要求避免使用以下词语：big, sufficient, strong, such as, when required, etc. e.g.6. preferred说明书中避免使用preferred，这样会给申请本身造成一定的限制。
专利英语术语(2)
• • • • •
cost effective 更加经济 commercial XX 商品XX commercial scale 商用规模 are commercially available as XX 其在市场上的 商品是XX • commercially available 商购 • commercial formulatios 商用制剂 • marked as medicaments 作为药物上市
• • • • • • • •
most preferably 最优选 still more perferably 再优选 particularly preferred 特别优选 preference is given 优选 less preferred 次优选 example 实施例，实例 specific examples 具体实例 embodiment 实施方案
译国译民
专利翻译Βιβλιοθήκη • • • • • • •desirable 希望 is desirable to 希望 if desired 若需要，必要时 desired 预期 undesired 不希望 if so desired 如果需要 when desired 如果需要
• • • • • • •
in addition 此外 additionally 此外 moreover 此外 furthermore 此外，更进一步 further 此外 perferably 优选 more perferably 更优选
• • • •
optionally 任选地，选择性地,或者 if appropriate 任选地，如果有的话 if necessary 任选地 if present 如果存在
专利术语语句翻译
该装置的特点是: The device is characterized in that本实用新型采取的方法是: The methods of the utility model are that其主要技术特征为: The utility model is characterized in that本实用新型突出的优点是: The utility model has the advantages of 本实用新型同现有的技术相比: Compared with the prior art本实用新型通过下述技术方案予以实现: The utility model is realized by the following technical scheme本实用新型的任务是这样实现的: The task of the utility model is realized in such a way that本方案具体特点还有: the scheme also has other specific features of 本实用新型主要技术特征是: The utility model is characterized in that本实用新型克服了已有技术结构复杂: The utility model overcomes the complicated structure in the existing technology 本实用新型与现有技术结构产品相比: Compared with the product of the existing technique structure它主要特点是: which is characterized in that本实用新型同现有技术相比: Compared with the prior art本实用新型弥补了现有技术的不足: The utility model makes up defects of the prior art本实用新型解决了现有技术的不足之处: The utility model solvesthe defects existing in the prior art其主要特征在于: The utility model is characterized in that本实用新型解决问题的技术方案是: The technical scheme of the utility model for solving the problem be且特征在于: The utility model is characterized in that装置特点是: The device is characterized in that主要特点是: which is characterized in that通过上述优化结构: by the optimal structure本实用新型的显著优点是: The remarkable advantages of the utility model are that本实用新型克服了现有技术不足: The utility model overcomes the defects of the prior art由于改进上述结构: Due to the improvement of the above structure 由于采用了这种结构: Due to the adoption of the structure由于采用了以上改进: Due to the adoption of the improvement本实用新型与公知技术相比: Compared with the common technique本实用新型主要特征是: The utility model is characterized in that 其结构特点是: The structure is characterized in that由于采用了以上技术方案: Due to the adoption of the technical scheme由于采用此种结构: Due to the adoption of the structure通过上述改进: by the improvement本实用新型与传统工艺相反: The utility model is opposite to the traditional craft本装置主要结构是: The primary structure of the device is that本实用新型所要解决的技术问题是克服现有技术的不足: The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to overcome defects of the prior art本实用新型避免了现有技术的不足之处: The utility model avoids the defect of the prior art在使用中: when in use由于采用上述的技术方案: Due to the adoption of the above technical scheme本实用新型同已有的传统技术相比: Compared with the traditionally prior art本实用新型解决的技术方案是: The technical scheme of the utility model is本实用新型的要点在于: The main point of the utility model is that 本实用新型主要结构是: The primary structure of the utility model is that作用时间长: long acting time由于采用了如上的技术方案: Due to the adoption of the technical scheme通过上述构件: by the member其主要特征为: The utility model is characterized in that本实用新型相对现有技术: Compared with the prior art它的结构特点在于: The structural feature is characterized in that本实用新型采用上述技术方案的改进: By adopting the above improvement of the technical scheme本实用新型采用上述结构后: By adopting the above structure其结构设计的主要特征在于: The structure design is characterized in that由于采用了上述的技术解决方案: Due to the adoption of technical solution本实用新型与现有装置比较: Compared with the existing device本实用新型的解决方案是: The solution of the utility model is that 主要特征是: which is characterized in that在安装时: When in installation由于采用上述技术措施: Due to the adoption of the above technical measure由于采用上述改进结构: Due to the adoption of the above improved structure由于采用了如上的设计方案: Due to the adoption of the design scheme以满足实际生产中的需要: to satify the needs in actual production它的特征在于: which is characterized in that本实用新型的名称是: The apellation of the utility model is that主要技术特征在于: The technical feature is由于采取上述结构: Due to the adoption of the structure由于采取了上述结构: Due to the adoption of the structure其主要结构特点是: The utility model is characterized in that其结构特征是: The utility model is characterized in that通过上述手段: by the means通过上述的组合装置: by the assembly它的结构特点是:本实用新型弥补了现有技术的不足之处: The utility model makes up defects of the prior art本实用新型的主要技术特征在于: The main technique of the utility model is characterized in that本实用新型对照现有技术的有益效果是: Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects are that本实用新型克服了已有技术的不足之处: The utility model overcomes the defects of the existing technology该装置与已有技术相比较: Compared with the prior art本实用新型操作时: During the operation由于本实用新型采取了上述技术方: Due to the utility model adopting of the technical scheme本实用新型解决了现有技术结构复杂: The utility model solves the defect of complicated structure of the prior art它主要技术特征在于: The main technique is characterized in that本实用新型由于采用上述技术方案: Because the utility model adopts the technical scheme本实用新型较之现有产品: Compared with the existing product本实用新型与现有技术比: Compared with the prior art通过上述具体设计: by the detailed design通过上述措施: by the measure本实用新型同现有同类产品相比: Compared with the existing products of the same kind本实用新型与已的技术相比: Compared with the prior art本实用新型采用的工艺方法: The utility model adopts the technique that它的工作特点是: The working feature is characterized in that本实用新型的结构是: The structure of the utility model is that本实用新型在使用过程中: When the utility model is in use本实用新型克服了已有技术存在的不足: The utility model overcomes the defects of the existing technology本实用新型一物两用: The utility model has two purposes本实用新型解决技术问题的技术方案是: The technical scheme of the utility model is本实用新型的技术效果是: The technical effect of the utility model is that其主要技术特征: The utility model is characterized in that本实用新型的特点在于: The utility model is characterized in that 本实用新型与现有技术比较: Compared with the prior art本实用新型的技术特点在于: The technical characters of the utility model are that其特点是: The utility model is characterized in that由于采用以上措施: Due to the adoption of the measure通过以上的技术方案: by the technical scheme本实用新型较之原有的: Compared with the prior art其结构设计特征在于: The structure design is characterized in that 综合样式的特点是: The integrated form is characterized in that由于采用了上述的方案: Due to the adoption of the scheme由于本实用新型采取了上述结构: Due to the utility model adopting the structure本实用新型与已知技术相比: Compared with the prior art作用时间较长: long acting time在组装时: when in assembly在安装使用时: When in installation由于本实用新型采用了上述技术方案: Due to the utility model adopting the technical scheme它是在现有技术基础上改进实现的: The utility model is realized on the basis of the improvement of the prior art本实用新型的显著效果是: The remarkable effects of the utility model are that由于采用这种结构: Due to the adoption of the structure通过上述构造: by the structure其最大特点是: The utility model has the great advantage that本实用新型解决了现有技术不足: The utility model solves the defects existing in the prior art本实用新型因采用上述结构: As the utility model adopts the above structure由于采用以上方案: Due to the adoption of the scheme通过以上技术方案: by the technical scheme本实用新型和已有技术相对照: Compared with the piror art本实用新型解决现有技术结构复杂的问题: The utility model solves the problem of complicated structure of the prior art本实用新型的突出效果是: The outstanding effects of the utility model are that它的特点是: which is characterized in that由于采用了上述的技术方案: Due to the adoption of technical scheme本实用新型可一物多用: The utility model combines a plurality offunctions在实际应用中: When in practical use在实际生产应用中: When used in practical production由于采用上述装置: Due to the adoption of the above device由于本实用新型采用的上述技术方案: Due to the utility model adopting the technical scheme该装置和现有技术相比: Compared with the prior art本实用新型解决了已有技术的不足: The utility model solves the defects existing in the prior art本实用新型的结构要点是: The structural key point of the utility model is that由于采用上述的技术解决方案: Due to the adoption of the above technical solution通过以上结构: by the structure本实用新型采用这种结构后: By adopting the structure本实用新型克服了已有技术的结构比较复杂: The utility model overcomes more complicated structure in the existing technology 它的技术特征是: The technical feature is characterized in that本实用新型与现有技术完全兼容: The utility model and the prior art be completely compatible本方案的具体特点还有: the scheme also has other specific features of本实用新型的主要技术特征是: The main technique of the utility model is characterized in that由于采用如上的技术方案: Due to the adoption of the above technical scheme由于采用了以上结构: Due to the adoption of the structure由于本实用新型采用上述结构: Due to the utility model adopting the structure本实用新型和现有技术相比较: Compared with the piror art本实用新型和现有技术相对照: Compared with the prior art本实用新型的技术解决方案是: The technical solution of the utility model is that本实用新型采用的技术方案是: The utility model adopts the technical scheme that本实用新型解决了现有产品结构复杂: The utility model solves the defect of complicated structure of the existing product其突出的特点是: The utility model is characterized in that本实用新型与现有产品比较: Compared with the existing product, the utility model由于本实用新型采用上述结构特征: Due to the utility model adopting the structure character它的特征是: which is characterized in that本实用新型采用上述技术方案: By adopting the scheme具体实施时: On the occasion of concrete application本实用新型的技术特征是: The technical characters of the utility model are that其结构要点在于: The utility model is characterized in that由于采用上述技术: Due to the adoption of the above technique由于采用上述方法: Due to the adoption of the above method本实用新型与传统技术相比: Compared with the traditional technology本实用新型与现有技术结构的产品相比: Compared with the product of the existing technique structure其特征在于: The utility model is characterized in that由于采用上述结构特征: Due to the adoption of the above structural characteristic由于采用了上述结构: Due to the adoption of the structure本实用新型较之现有的: Compared with the prior art技术的特征在于: The technique is characterized in that其改进的特征: The improvement is characterized in that本实用新型对比现有技术的有益效果是: Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects are that本实用新型的特征在于: The utility model is characterized in that 其主要技术特征在于: The utility model is characterized in that本实用新型的技术特征在于: The technical characters of the utilitymodel are that该装置与现有技术相比: Compared with the prior art作用时间快: fast acting time本实用新型一物多用: The utility model has a plurality of purposes 本实用新型由于采用如上设计: Because the utility model adopts the design本实用新型较现有产品相比: Compared with the existing product本实用新型的产生的积极效果是: The utility model has advantages of本实用新型采用的方案是: The utility model adopts the scheme that由于有上述结构: Due to the structure由于本实用新型具有上述结构: Due to the utility model adopting the structure本实用新型克服了现有技术存在的缺点: The utility model overcomes the defects existing in the prior art本实用新型与现有的技术相比: Compared with the prior art结构特征是: The structure is characterized in that本实用新型克服了现有技术结构复杂: The utility model overcomes the complicated structure in the prior art且经济实用等特点: and The utility model has the advantages of economy and practicability本实用新型同现有技术相比较: Compared with the prior art主要的特点是: which is characterized in that本实用新型克服了现有技术的不足之处: The utility model overcomes the defects of the prior art本实用新型技术方案是: The technical scheme of the utility model be由于采用以上技术措施: Due to the adoption of the technical measure由于本实用新型的上述结构: Due to the structure of the utility model其技术特点是: The technique is characterized in that其连接关系是: the connecting relation is that通过上述的技术解决方案: by the technical solution本实用新型的主要特点在于: The utility model is mainly characterized in that主要结构特点是: The main structure is characterized in that在实际使用中: When in practical use由于采用了以上的结构: Due to the adoption of the structure由于采用了以上的技术方案: Due to the adoption of the technical scheme其特点为: The utility model is characterized in that其显著特点是: The utility model is characterized in that通过上述设计: by the design它的主要特点在于: which is characterized in that本实用新型主要技术特征在于: The utility model is characterized in that本实用新型的要点是: The main point of the utility model is that其各自的特征是: which are respectively characterized in that本实用新型同已有技术相比: Compared with the prior art由于设计合理: Due to reasonable design特点在于: which is characterized in that本实用新型与已有技术比较: Compared with the prior art其特点: The utility model is characterized in that本实用新型克服了公知的缺陷: The utility model overcomes the well-known defects由于采用上述的结构: Due to the adoption of the above structure它的主要特征是: which is characterized in that本实用新型克服了公知结构的缺点: The utility model overcomes the defects of well-known structure其技术特征是: The technique is characterized in that其技术特征在于: The technique is characterized in that本实用新型工作时: When the utility model works本实用新型解决了现有技术的不足: The utility model solves the defects existing in the prior art本实用新型具有功能比较多、性能价格比比较好、防刀割和实用性较强等优点: The utility model has the advantages of more functions, better price performance ratio, cutting prevention, stronger practicality, etc.本实用新型与现有技术相对比: Contrasted with the prior art其主要技术特点是: The utility model is characterized in that通过上述的结构: by the structure它主要特征是: which is characterized in that其最好特点是: The utility model has the great advantage that它的技术特点是: The technical feature is characterized in that通过对现有装置的改进: By the improvement in the existing device 本装置的结构是: The structure of the device is that本实用新型实施后: After the utility model is implemented。
专利翻译基本术语及句型
54] 实用新型名称abandonment of a patent application 放弃专利申请abandonment of a patent 放弃专利权abridgment 文摘abstract 文摘(摘要)abuse of patent 滥用专利权action for infringement of patent 专利侵权诉讼action of a patent 专利诉讼additional features don't work to resolve question 附加的特征也不能解决问题address for service 文件送达地址affidavit 誓书allowance 准许amendment 修改annual fee 年费annuity 年费anticipation 占先appeal 上诉appellation of origin 原产地名称applicant for patent 专利申请人application date 申请日期application documents 申请案文件application fee 申请费application for patent 专利申请(案)application laying open for public inspection 公开供公众审查的申请application number 申请号application papers 申请案文件arbitration 仲裁art 技术article of manufacture 制品assignee 受让人assignment 转让assignor 转让人author of the invention 发明人author's certificate 发明人证书basic patent 基本专利be paid in advance 预先交Berne Convention 伯尔尼公约Berne Union 伯尔尼联盟best mode 最佳方式bibliographic data 著录资料BIRPI 保护知识产权联合国国际局board of appeals 申诉委员会breach of confidence 泄密Budapest Treaty on the International Recognition of the Deposit of Microorganisms for the Purposes of Patent Procedure 国际承认用于专利程序的微生物保存布达佩斯条约burden of proof 举证责任by the Secretary of Labor 消费价格指数的波动case law 判例法caveat 预告certificate of addition 增补证书certificate of correction 更正证明书certificate of patent 专利证书certified copy 经认证的副本Chemical Abstracts 化学文摘citation 引证claim 1 is rejected on the basis that 根据…驳回权利要求1claim to a method 方法权利要求claim to a product 产品权利要求claim 权项(来源：英语论坛 )claim1 was refected as being predictable 可以预料权利要求1可以恢复claimed features 要求保护的特征claimed subject matter 要求保护的主题clain 1and 2 have noveity under PCT Article 33(2) respectively 根据33条第二款权利要classifier 分类员co-applicants 共同申请人co-inventors 共同发明人color coding 色码制commissioner 专利局长common sense, known technical solution 公知，已知的技术方案Community Patent Convention 共同体专利公约complete application 完整的申请案complete description 完整的叙述complete specification 完整的说明书comptroller 专利局长compulsory license 强制许可证conception date 概念日期conception 概念concerned had to be regarded as essential features )confidential application 机密申请confidential information 保密情报conflict award 冲突裁定conflict procedure 冲突程序conflicting applications 冲突申请案content of the application as originally filed 原始申请的内容continuation application 继续申请continuation-in-part application 部分继续申请案contractual license 契约性许可证contributory infringement 简介侵犯convention application 公约申请convention country 公约国convention date 公约日期Convention Establishing the World Intellectual Property Organization 建立世界知识产权组织公约convention period 公约期限convention priority 公约优先权copyright 版权correction slip 勘误表counter pleadings 反诉状counterclaim 反诉country code 国家代号cross license 交叉许可证data exchange agreement 资料交换协议data of application 申请日期data 资料date of grant 授予日期date of issue 颁发日期date of patent 专利日期date of publication 公布日期dedication to the public 捐献于公众defendant 被告人defenses 辩护defensive publication 防卫性公告deferred examination 延迟审查dependent claim 从属权项dependent patent 从属专利Derwent Publications Ltd. 德温特出版有限公司design patent 外观设计专利development 发展disclaimer 放弃权项disclosure 公开division 分案divisional application 分案申请domination patent 支配专利drawing 附图duration of patent 专利有效期economic patent 经济专利effective filing date 实际申请日期electronic funds transfer (EFT), credit card or deposit account 电子信贷转移，信用employee’s invention 雇员发明enable st shape to vary as a function of position 使某物的形状作为位置函数变化EPO 欧洲专利局ESARIPO 英语非洲工业产权组织essential features (all features which were necessary for solving 必要技术特征（解European Patent Convention 欧洲专利公约European Patent Office 欧洲专利局even remotely suggest that 即使间接的建议evidence 证据examination countries 审查制国家examination for novelty 新颖性审查examination 审查examiner 审查员examiner’s report 审查员报告exclusive license 独占性许可证exclusive right 专有权experimental use 实验性使用expired patent 期满专利exploitation of a patent 实施专利exposition priority 展览优先权expropriation 征用extension of term of a patent 延长专利期限fall under (doing business ) 落入（商业方法）fee 费用FICPI 国际工业产权律师联合会file copy 存档原件filing date 申请日期filing fee 申请费filing of an application 提出申请final action 终局决定书first please refer to claim 2 which state 先参照权利要求 2，其表明first-to-file principle 先申请原则first-to-invention principle 先发明原则for claim 1, I would suggest adding... 建议在权利要求1加入force majeure 不可抗力foreign patent application 外国专利申请formal examination 形式审查fully complied with 完全遵守gazette 公报Geneva Treaty on the International Recording of Scientific Discoveries 关于科学发现国际注册日内瓦条约grace period 宽限期grant of a patent 授予专利权holder of a patent 专利持有人ICIREPAT 专利局间情报检索国际合作巴黎联盟委员会if the benefits thereof are desired. 得到其中的便利IFIA 国际发明人协会联合会in the claims by technical features 利用技术特征来表示in the Consumer Price Index as determined 前12个月的in the initial specification and clainmsMaintenance fee 年费may not go beyond the scope of the disclosure contained 不得超出原说明书和权利要求书none of the prior art of record anticipates … 记录在案的现有技术并没有预见到... omnibus claims 多项权利要求on the basic of document1 在文件1的基础上，基于文件1or 11 years and 6 months after grant of the patent. 和11年零6个月的授权当月的同一日over D1 in view of D2 对比D1并结合D2Paris Union Committee for International Cooperation in Information Retrieval among Patent Offices 专利局间情报检索国际合作巴黎联盟委员会payments by credit card and payments by deposit account 信用卡或存储账户支付permits maintenance fees to be adjusted 允许年费pertaining to （payment method）关于please note none of these teachings in D1 请注意在对比文件1中没有该提示reference signs 标号reference was made to Aricle 1 引用第一条referred to generally as the "window period," 一般称为“窗口期”reflect any fluctuations during the previous 12 months 反映根据由劳动部确定的regarding claim 2 as not being supported by 关于权利要求2不被…支持regarding something , please refer to … 关于…请参考sets forth the time periods 指定时间期限so that the infringer would only have to 侵权者只须subject matter claimed 要求保护的主题take the view of (that) 采取…观点technical contribution to the state of the art 对现有技术的贡献the difference over D1 is quite clear and while 相对于D1的不同是很明显的The last day is the same day of the month the patent 窗口期的最后一天是专利授权后的the point of this discussion is that 此次讨论的要点是….the protection sought should be indicated 要求保护的内容应当在权利要求中- (来源：英语麦当劳－英语杂志 )the question is must we add st.in sb 问题是我们必须在…中加入…the reason we prefer to … 我们提到的理由the techical problem with which the application was 的技术问题必须的所有的技术特征）thereby providing a st. 因此，提供一个…this is particular relevant to D1 which teach us st. 这一点与对比文件尤其相关，它告to avoide narrowing or wilding claim 1 避免缩小或扩大权利要求1to be adjusted every year on October 1 每年的10月一日调整to be fulfill the requirment of clarity 满足清晰的要求to delimite (defined) the scope of protection 限定了保护范围to enlarge the scope of protection 扩大了保护范围to narrow the scope of protection 缩小了保护范围to optimize our protection for the application 使对申请的保护合理vague generalized discussion in D1 含混的，泛泛的讨论was granted 3 years and 6 months, 7 years and 6 months, 3年零6个月，7年零6个月Would you please advise how we can process in this question 请指示我们怎样处理该问题装置：apparatus, device, means, arrangement设备：equipment组件：component器件：device构件：means, member, element元件：element零件：part单元：element, unit方法：method, process组合物：composition组分（化学领域）：component具有：（be）provided with实质上，大体上：substantially优选：preferred, preferential所属领域的技术人员：those skilled in the art, those of ordinary skill in the art 现有技术：prior art该项技术中的已知方法：methods known in the art实施例：embodiment基于：-based(例如：基于软件的software-based)设有: (be) equipped with, 或（be）provided with(i) apparatus；arrangement：装置(ii) (ii) device：器件(iii) (iii) means：构件(iv) 但若未出现在同一份说明书中时，则均可译成装置(v) 2. et al.：等人(vi) 3. 翻译means for V＋ing时在means前面加适当的中译修饰词，以免同一份中文说明书中出现多个 "装置" 时，不知究竟指的是那一个。
专利翻译常见用词与术语
专利翻译常见用词与术语一、常用语言点1.accordingtov.baedon美国版：inaccordancewith更开放，accordingto范围更小。
美国律师Paul觉得，baedon似乎有directdependent（直接依附/取决于）的意思，也就说，似乎可理解为直接因素。
欧洲字对字版：字面对应翻译，“根据”accordingto;\基于\2.canv.may关于“能够”，要根据实际情况选词：#表达能力，一般不建议用can，而是capableof#表示可能性，用can或may#如果只是表示具体事实，“能够”多余，可以不翻译（但需IPR确认）补充说明：以前美国律师强调过，can会有主观色彩，不建议用。
但现在没有强调，很多时候也用了。
但如果表示可能，用may更保险。
也有美国律师认为，没说can一定不用能，要看在什么地方。
如果是独权相应的描述，每个特征都是必须的，则不用can,canbe,may,maybe,optionally,etc.当然，能够用may的地方，比用can听上去顺耳些，大概是更加正式吧。
3.conitofformedby,include等开放式表述。
（David:这一条仍有待外国专家确认，但大家可以先遵守。
）5.efficient权利要求避免使用以下词语：big,ufficient,trong,ucha,whenrequired,etc.e.g.6.preferred说明书中避免使用preferred，这样会给申请本身造成一定的限制。
建议使用e某emplary来替换。
7.certain说明书中避免使用certain,about,appro某imately等含糊的词语。
8.effectively避免使用多余或带有赞美色彩的词。
如：9.merelyv.only两个都可以用，需要全文统一使用。
10.whenv.if若为忠于中文，用when也行。
补充说明：在权利要求中,when比if的范围更大。
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该装置的特点是: The device is characterized in that本实用新型采取的方法是: The methods of the utility model are that其主要技术特征为: The utility model is characterized in that本实用新型突出的优点是: The utility model has the advantages of本实用新型同现有的技术相比: Compared with the prior art本实用新型通过下述技术方案予以实现: The utility model is realized by the following technical scheme本实用新型的任务是这样实现的: The task of the utility model is realized in such a way that本方案具体特点还有: the scheme also has other specific features of本实用新型主要技术特征是: The utility model is characterized in that本实用新型克服了已有技术结构复杂: The utility model overcomes the complicated structure in the existing technology本实用新型与现有技术结构产品相比: Compared with the product of the existing technique structure它主要特点是: which is characterized in that本实用新型同现有技术相比: Compared with the prior art本实用新型弥补了现有技术的不足: The utility model makes up defects of the prior art本实用新型解决了现有技术的不足之处: The utility model solves the defects existing in the prior art其主要特征在于: The utility model is characterized in that本实用新型解决问题的技术方案是: The technical scheme of the utility model for solving the problem be且特征在于: The utility model is characterized in that装置特点是: The device is characterized in that主要特点是: which is characterized in that通过上述优化结构: by the optimal structure本实用新型的显著优点是: The remarkable advantages of the utility model are that本实用新型克服了现有技术不足: The utility model overcomes the defects of the prior art由于改进上述结构: Due to the improvement of the above structure由于采用了这种结构: Due to the adoption of the structure由于采用了以上改进: Due to the adoption of the improvement本实用新型与公知技术相比: Compared with the common technique本实用新型主要特征是: The utility model is characterized in that其结构特点是: The structure is characterized in that由于采用了以上技术方案: Due to the adoption of the technical scheme由于采用此种结构: Due to the adoption of the structure通过上述改进: by the improvement本实用新型与传统工艺相反: The utility model is opposite to the traditional craft本装置主要结构是: The primary structure of the device is that本实用新型所要解决的技术问题是克服现有技术的不足: The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to overcome defects of the prior art本实用新型避免了现有技术的不足之处: The utility model avoids the defect of the prior art在使用中: when in use由于采用上述的技术方案: Due to the adoption of the above technical scheme本实用新型同已有的传统技术相比: Compared with the traditionally prior art本实用新型解决的技术方案是: The technical scheme of the utility model is本实用新型的要点在于: The main point of the utility model is that本实用新型主要结构是: The primary structure of the utility model is that作用时间长: long acting time由于采用了如上的技术方案: Due to the adoption of the technical scheme通过上述构件: by the member其主要特征为: The utility model is characterized in that本实用新型相对现有技术: Compared with the prior art它的结构特点在于: The structural feature is characterized in that本实用新型采用上述技术方案的改进: By adopting the above improvement of the technical scheme本实用新型采用上述结构后: By adopting the above structure其结构设计的主要特征在于: The structure design is characterized in that由于采用了上述的技术解决方案: Due to the adoption of technical solution本实用新型与现有装置比较: Compared with the existing device本实用新型的解决方案是: The solution of the utility model is that主要特征是: which is characterized in that在安装时: When in installation由于采用上述技术措施: Due to the adoption of the above technical measure由于采用上述改进结构: Due to the adoption of the above improved structure由于采用了如上的设计方案: Due to the adoption of the design scheme以满足实际生产中的需要: to satify the needs in actual production它的特征在于: which is characterized in that本实用新型的名称是: The apellation of the utility model is that主要技术特征在于: The technical feature is由于采取上述结构: Due to the adoption of the structure由于采取了上述结构: Due to the adoption of the structure其主要结构特点是: The utility model is characterized in that其结构特征是: The utility model is characterized in that通过上述手段: by the means通过上述的组合装置: by the assembly它的结构特点是:本实用新型弥补了现有技术的不足之处: The utility model makes up defects of the prior art本实用新型的主要技术特征在于: The main technique of the utility model is characterized in that本实用新型对照现有技术的有益效果是: Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects are that本实用新型克服了已有技术的不足之处: The utility model overcomes the defects of the existing technology 该装置与已有技术相比较: Compared with the prior art本实用新型操作时: During the operation由于本实用新型采取了上述技术方: Due to the utility model adopting of the technical scheme本实用新型解决了现有技术结构复杂: The utility model solves the defect of complicated structure of the prior art 它主要技术特征在于: The main technique is characterized in that本实用新型由于采用上述技术方案: Because the utility model adopts the technical scheme本实用新型较之现有产品: Compared with the existing product本实用新型与现有技术比: Compared with the prior art通过上述具体设计: by the detailed design通过上述措施: by the measure本实用新型同现有同类产品相比: Compared with the existing products of the same kind本实用新型与已的技术相比: Compared with the prior art本实用新型采用的工艺方法: The utility model adopts the technique that它的工作特点是: The working feature is characterized in that本实用新型的结构是: The structure of the utility model is that本实用新型在使用过程中: When the utility model is in use本实用新型克服了已有技术存在的不足: The utility model overcomes the defects of the existing technology 本实用新型一物两用: The utility model has two purposes本实用新型解决技术问题的技术方案是: The technical scheme of the utility model is本实用新型的技术效果是: The technical effect of the utility model is that其主要技术特征: The utility model is characterized in that本实用新型的特点在于: The utility model is characterized in that本实用新型与现有技术比较: Compared with the prior art本实用新型的技术特点在于: The technical characters of the utility model are that其特点是: The utility model is characterized in that由于采用以上措施: Due to the adoption of the measure通过以上的技术方案: by the technical scheme本实用新型较之原有的: Compared with the prior art其结构设计特征在于: The structure design is characterized in that综合样式的特点是: The integrated form is characterized in that由于采用了上述的方案: Due to the adoption of the scheme由于本实用新型采取了上述结构: Due to the utility model adopting the structure本实用新型与已知技术相比: Compared with the prior art作用时间较长: long acting time在组装时: when in assembly在安装使用时: When in installation由于本实用新型采用了上述技术方案: Due to the utility model adopting the technical scheme它是在现有技术基础上改进实现的: The utility model is realized on the basis of the improvement of the prior art 本实用新型的显著效果是: The remarkable effects of the utility model are that由于采用这种结构: Due to the adoption of the structure通过上述构造: by the structure其最大特点是: The utility model has the great advantage that本实用新型解决了现有技术不足: The utility model solves the defects existing in the prior art本实用新型因采用上述结构: As the utility model adopts the above structure由于采用以上方案: Due to the adoption of the scheme通过以上技术方案: by the technical scheme本实用新型和已有技术相对照: Compared with the piror art本实用新型解决现有技术结构复杂的问题: The utility model solves the problem of complicated structure of the prior art本实用新型的突出效果是: The outstanding effects of the utility model are that它的特点是: which is characterized in that由于采用了上述的技术方案: Due to the adoption of technical scheme本实用新型可一物多用: The utility model combines a plurality of functions在实际应用中: When in practical use在实际生产应用中: When used in practical production由于采用上述装置: Due to the adoption of the above device由于本实用新型采用的上述技术方案: Due to the utility model adopting the technical scheme该装置和现有技术相比: Compared with the prior art本实用新型解决了已有技术的不足: The utility model solves the defects existing in the prior art本实用新型的结构要点是: The structural key point of the utility model is that由于采用上述的技术解决方案: Due to the adoption of the above technical solution通过以上结构: by the structure本实用新型采用这种结构后: By adopting the structure本实用新型克服了已有技术的结构比较复杂: The utility model overcomes more complicated structure in the existing technology它的技术特征是: The technical feature is characterized in that本实用新型与现有技术完全兼容: The utility model and the prior art be completely compatible本方案的具体特点还有: the scheme also has other specific features of本实用新型的主要技术特征是: The main technique of the utility model is characterized in that由于采用如上的技术方案: Due to the adoption of the above technical scheme由于采用了以上结构: Due to the adoption of the structure由于本实用新型采用上述结构: Due to the utility model adopting the structure本实用新型和现有技术相比较: Compared with the piror art本实用新型和现有技术相对照: Compared with the prior art本实用新型的技术解决方案是: The technical solution of the utility model is that本实用新型采用的技术方案是: The utility model adopts the technical scheme that本实用新型解决了现有产品结构复杂: The utility model solves the defect of complicated structure of the existing product其突出的特点是: The utility model is characterized in that本实用新型与现有产品比较: Compared with the existing product, the utility model由于本实用新型采用上述结构特征: Due to the utility model adopting the structure character它的特征是: which is characterized in that本实用新型采用上述技术方案: By adopting the scheme具体实施时: On the occasion of concrete application本实用新型的技术特征是: The technical characters of the utility model are that其结构要点在于: The utility model is characterized in that由于采用上述技术: Due to the adoption of the above technique由于采用上述方法: Due to the adoption of the above method本实用新型与传统技术相比: Compared with the traditional technology本实用新型与现有技术结构的产品相比: Compared with the product of the existing technique structure其特征在于: The utility model is characterized in that由于采用上述结构特征: Due to the adoption of the above structural characteristic由于采用了上述结构: Due to the adoption of the structure本实用新型较之现有的: Compared with the prior art技术的特征在于: The technique is characterized in that其改进的特征: The improvement is characterized in that本实用新型对比现有技术的有益效果是: Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects are that本实用新型的特征在于: The utility model is characterized in that其主要技术特征在于: The utility model is characterized in that本实用新型的技术特征在于: The technical characters of the utility model are that该装置与现有技术相比: Compared with the prior art作用时间快: fast acting time本实用新型一物多用: The utility model has a plurality of purposes本实用新型由于采用如上设计: Because the utility model adopts the design本实用新型较现有产品相比: Compared with the existing product本实用新型的产生的积极效果是: The utility model has advantages of本实用新型采用的方案是: The utility model adopts the scheme that由于有上述结构: Due to the structure由于本实用新型具有上述结构: Due to the utility model adopting the structure本实用新型克服了现有技术存在的缺点: The utility model overcomes the defects existing in the prior art本实用新型与现有的技术相比: Compared with the prior art结构特征是: The structure is characterized in that本实用新型克服了现有技术结构复杂: The utility model overcomes the complicated structure in the prior art 且经济实用等特点: and The utility model has the advantages of economy and practicability本实用新型同现有技术相比较: Compared with the prior art主要的特点是: which is characterized in that本实用新型克服了现有技术的不足之处: The utility model overcomes the defects of the prior art本实用新型技术方案是: The technical scheme of the utility model be由于采用以上技术措施: Due to the adoption of the technical measure由于本实用新型的上述结构: Due to the structure of the utility model其技术特点是: The technique is characterized in that其连接关系是: the connecting relation is that通过上述的技术解决方案: by the technical solution本实用新型的主要特点在于: The utility model is mainly characterized in that主要结构特点是: The main structure is characterized in that在实际使用中: When in practical use由于采用了以上的结构: Due to the adoption of the structure由于采用了以上的技术方案: Due to the adoption of the technical scheme其特点为: The utility model is characterized in that其显著特点是: The utility model is characterized in that通过上述设计: by the design它的主要特点在于: which is characterized in that本实用新型主要技术特征在于: The utility model is characterized in that本实用新型的要点是: The main point of the utility model is that其各自的特征是: which are respectively characterized in that本实用新型同已有技术相比: Compared with the prior art由于设计合理: Due to reasonable design特点在于: which is characterized in that本实用新型与已有技术比较: Compared with the prior art其特点: The utility model is characterized in that本实用新型克服了公知的缺陷: The utility model overcomes the well-known defects由于采用上述的结构: Due to the adoption of the above structure它的主要特征是: which is characterized in that本实用新型克服了公知结构的缺点: The utility model overcomes the defects of well-known structure其技术特征是: The technique is characterized in that其技术特征在于: The technique is characterized in that本实用新型工作时: When the utility model works本实用新型解决了现有技术的不足: The utility model solves the defects existing in the prior art本实用新型具有功能比较多、性能价格比比较好、防刀割和实用性较强等优点: The utility model has the advantages of more functions, better price performance ratio, cutting prevention, stronger practicality, etc.本实用新型与现有技术相对比: Contrasted with the prior art其主要技术特点是: The utility model is characterized in that通过上述的结构: by the structure它主要特征是: which is characterized in that其最好特点是: The utility model has the great advantage that它的技术特点是: The technical feature is characterized in that通过对现有装置的改进: By the improvement in the existing device本装置的结构是: The structure of the device is that本实用新型实施后: After the utility model is implemented。