被动语态

Exercises
Every moment of every day，energy is being transformed from one form into another. 每时每刻，能量都在由一种形式变为另一种形 式。 A new way of displaying time has been given by electronics. 电子技术提供了一种新的显示时间的方法。
2. 译成汉语的判断句 说明客观情况的被动句：……是…… Rome was not built in a day. 罗马不是一天建成的。 The metro trains of Line 2 in Guangzhou was transported from Germany. 广州地铁二号线的列车是从德国空运过来的。
The Statue of Liberty was presented to the United States in the nineteenth century by the people of France. 自由女神雕像是法国人民在19世纪送给美国 的。 Large quantities of fuel are used in modern industry. 现代工业耗用大量燃料。
传真机 传真机在我国的使用已十分普及，并已 成为重要的现代通讯终端设备。据估计， 2002年中国市场对传真机的需求量为200万 台，国内产量仅能满足约30%的需求，进 口机将占据市场的主导地位。 目前国内市场上的传真机90％以上是进 口货，其中80％来自日本。面对这种情况， 国内已有20多家生产企业组装生产传真机， 并开始投放市场。
2. 译成：为……所…… The theory was not accepted until last century. 这种理论知道上个世纪才为人们所接受。 I was so impressed by these words that I used them later for a Christmas card. 我为这些话所深深感动，后来我就把它们 写在圣诞卡上了。
这个问题正在研究。 The problem is being studied.
这种瓷器是中国制造的。 This porcelain is made in China.
II 汉语主动句的翻译
1.强调动作承受者或物的重要性 双方已经签订了合同。 A contract has been signed between the two parties. 中美已经建立了外交关系。 Diplomatic relations have been established between China and the United States of America.
II 译成汉语被动句
1.汉语句中有：被、遭、受、挨、给、让、叫、 称为等词 Many people were fired for the economic crisis this year.
由于经济危机，今年很多人被解雇了。
Guangzhou was hit by an unexpected heavy rain，which caused severe flooding。 广州遭受了一场意外的大雨袭击，引起了严重的 水灾。
1.Every moment of every day，energy is being transformed from one form into another. 2.A new way of displaying time has been given by electronics. 3.The Statue of Liberty was presented to the United States in the nineteenth century by the people of France. rge quantities of fuel are used in modern industry. 5.The boy is to be scolded（责骂）. 6.Candidates（考生） are required to present themselves 6.Candidates fifteen minutes before the examination begins. 7.Methods have been found to take these materials out of the rubbish and use them again. 8.It is suggested that meeting be put off till next Monday。 9.She was seen buying something in a supermarket. 10.Our foreign policy is supported by the people all over the world.
3.译成汉语的无主句 特点：无须说出行为主体 Measures have been taken to diminish the pollution. 已经采取措施来减少污染。 Spitting is not allowed anywhere! 不准随地吐痰！
4. 以it作形式主语的英语被动句，翻译时常要转为 主动形式 It is reported that Liu Dehua will get married at the end of April. 据报道刘德华四月底结婚。 It is generally believed that women live longer than men. 人们普遍认为，女性的寿命比男性长。 有时需增加泛指人称代词做主语。如：我们、大 家、人们、别人、有人等 这类句型还有： (P130)
汉译英 I 汉语被动句的翻译
1. 带被动标记的句子，如助词被、受、遭、给、 让、挨、叫、为……所、加以、予以等。 窗上的玻璃叫那孩子给打破了，他一定要挨骂 的。 The window was broken by the child; he will certainly be scolded. 一些古老的传统和价值观不再为年轻人所珍视。 Some old traditions and values are no longer cherished by the youth.
2.为了使措辞得当、语气委婉
(通告、通知等)
来宾请出示入场券。 Visitors are requested to show their tickets. 请全班同学于星期三下午二时在演讲厅集合听 讲座。 All classmates are requested to meet in the lecture hall at 2 p.m. on Wednesday to hear a lecture.
5.增加泛指人称代词做主语 They were seen walking along the campus hand in hand. 有人看见他们手拉手走在校道上。 To explore the moon's surface，rockets were launched again and again. 为了探测月球的表面，人们一次又一次地 发射火箭。
并非所有带被动标记的都要译成被动 老太太被风吹病了。 The old lady fell ill because of the draught.
2. 不带被动标记的汉语被动句：语义上， 主语为谓语动词的承受者。 广州的地铁五号线将在今年年底建成。
The construction of Metro Line 5 in Guangzhou ______. will be completed at the end of this year.
Our foreign policy is supported by the people all over the world. 我们的对外政策受到全世界人民的支持。 The boy is to be scolded（责骂）. 那个男孩要挨骂了.
Fax Machines（传真机） Fax machines have been widely used in China as an important modern telecommunications terminal equipment （现代通讯终端设备 ）. It is estimated that China needs 2 million fax machines in the year 2002，but the country can only satisfy about 30% of the demand with the market being dominated（占据） by the imported ones. At present，more than 90% of the fax machines in China‘s market are imported from overseas，80% of which are from Japan. To deal with such a situation， more than 20 home plants have begun to assemble（组装） and produce fax machines，and homemade machines are being put in the market.
英译汉
常用的英译汉被动语态的处理方法有： 1.将英语被动语态译为主动句 2.英语被动语态转为汉语的无主句 3.英语被动语态保持不变 4.英语被动语态用汉语的其他手段代替。来自I. 译成汉语的主动句
1.选取一个合适的主语 The whole country was armed in a few days. 几天之内全国武装起来了。 By the end of the war，800people had been saved by the organization. 大战结束时，这个组织拯救了800人。 English is spoken in Britain, the U.S. and some other countries. 英国、美国及其它一些国家讲英语。