现在完成时态被动语态

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英语现在完成时的被动语态

英语现在完成时的被动语态

学习好资料欢迎下载英语(十八)Book2 Unit 3 语法现在完成时的被动语态构成:have/has been done 第三人称单数用has,第三人称复数以及其余人称用have。

否定式是在have/has 后加not,也可缩写成haven’t/hasn’t;构成疑问句时,附加问句借助于have/has。

特殊疑问句式:疑问词+have/has+主语+been+及物动词的过去分词。

1.表示发生在过去的动作对现在产生的影响或结果,这个动作是被动的。

This novel has been translated into several languages.2.还可以表示在过去发生的,已知延续到现在的并可能持续延续下去的被动动作或状态。

常与for或since引导的时间状语连用,或用于“How long…?”句型中。

The machine has been used for 3 years.3.用在时间或条件状语从句中,表示将来某时已完成的动作,即用现在完成时态的被动语态代替将来完成时的被动语态。

You can go home as soon as your homework has been finished.4.注意1)现在完成时的被动语态的两个助动词:have/has和been 缺一不可。

2)注意与一般过去时被动语态的区别。

一般过去时的被动语态表示一个被动的动作发生在过去,其结果对现在没有影响;而现在完成时的被动语态的动作或状态尽管发生在过去,但侧重说明该动作或状态对想在造成的影响或结果。

The machine has been repaired.(说明动作发生在过去,对现在有影响,“修好了”) The machine was repaired yesterday.(只说明动作发生在昨天)3)不可与确定的表过去或将来的时间状语连用(如yesterday,three days ago,in 1970,in 2050等),但可与不确定的时间状语连用(如already,yet,just,often,recently,in the past few years等)They have been punished recently.4)有些动词像finish,buy,start,begin,return,join,marry,open,die等,表示的动作很短暂,我们称之为短暂性动词或非延续性动词。

现在完成时的被动语态

现在完成时的被动语态

现在完成时的被动语态现在完成时的被动语态是英语中的一种时态形式,用于表示动作的完成及其结果对主语的影响或对主语的经验、感受等的影响。

在句子中,被动语态的结构是“have/has been + 过去分词”。

被动语态表示的是动作的承受者或影响者,而不是动作的执行者。

下面将详细介绍现在完成时的被动语态的用法和构成。

一、肯定句的构成现在完成时的被动语态的肯定句结构为“have/has been + 过去分词”。

例如:- The book has been read by many people.- 这本书已经被很多人阅读。

在以上例子中,“The book”是被动句的主语,“has been read”是现在完成时的被动语态,“by many people”表示动作的执行者。

二、否定句的构成现在完成时的被动语态的否定句结构为“have/has not been + 过去分词”。

例如:- The letter has not been written yet.- 这封信还没有被写。

在以上例子中,“The letter”是被动句的主语,“hasnot been written”是现在完成时的被动语态。

三、疑问句的构成现在完成时的被动语态的疑问句结构为“Have/Has + 主语 + been + 过去分词+?”。

例如:- Has the work been completed?- 工作已经完成了吗?在以上例子中,“the work”是被动句的主语,“Has been completed”是现在完成时的被动语态。

四、现在完成时被动语态的用法1. 表示动作的完成及其结果对主语的影响:例如:- The house has been built for three months.- 这座房子已经建造了三个月。

在以上例子中,“house”是被动句的主语,“has been built”是现在完成时的被动语态。

这句话强调的是房子已经建造完成,并且对主语产生了一定的影响。

现在完成时的被动语态

现在完成时的被动语态

现在完成时的被动语态have been done是现在完成时的被动语态结构。

现在完成时被动语态用法是高考的重要考点,学习时候应该注意下列几点:一、掌握现在完成时被动语态的构成现在完成时被动语态的结构为has/ have been done, 使用has been done时主语为单数,使用have been done时主语为复数。

如:This book has been translated into many languages.这本书已被译为多国语言。

His bikes have been sold out. 他的自行车已都卖完了。

二、理解现在完成时被动语态的概念现在完成时被动语态强调一个发生在过去的被动性动作,它有两层意思:1) 动作已经完成,强调对现在造成的影响或结果:2)主语与谓语动词之间为被动关系。

如:Our classroom has been cleaned, you needn't clean it now.我们的教室已经被打扫过,你现在没必要再打扫了。

These flowers have been watered, you can go home. 这些花已经被浇水了,你可以回家了。

三、现在完成时被动语态的用法1、用于不知道动作执行者是谁时His bike has been stolen. 他的自行车被人偷了。

(不清楚是被谁偷的)2、用于动作执行者是泛指或不言自明时Not a book in the library has been taken away. 图书馆里的书没有一本被人拿走。

(没人拿书,泛指)3、用于可以说出动作执行者但动作承受者是谈话中心或特别需要强调时My watch has been repaired. 我的表修好了。

(表修好了是谈话的主旨,是谁修好无关紧要。

不必提及)4、用于出于委婉、礼貌而避免提及自己或对方时Enough has been said here on this question. 关于这个问题,这里已经谈得不少了。

现在完成时的被动语态

现在完成时的被动语态

1.I want to buy that kind of cloth because I_____the cloth_____well.A.have told;washed B.have been told;washesC.have been told;washed D.was told;washes【答案】B【解析】考查时态及语态句意:我想买这种布,因为我已经被告知这种布料很好洗。

“我”和“告诉”是被动关系,且动作发生在过去,强调对现在的影响,所以需用完成时态的被动语态;一些动词wash,lock,sell,wear,read,open,shut,clean等,如果主语如果是物,且表示主语的特性或品质时,常用主动形式表示被动意义。

the cloth washes well是指“这种布料很好洗”就是说明这种布料的特征的,应使用一般现在时。

故选B。

2.The father,along with his four children,_____hangzhou.When they will be back_____fixed.A.have gone to;isn’t B.had gone to;is notC.went to;aren’t D.has gone to;has not been【答案】D【解析】考查的是主谓一致性及时态。

句意:这位父亲和他的四个孩子去杭州了。

他们什么时候回来还没有定下来。

along with,together with,as well as, with 引导并列主语时,谓语动词与前面的主语保持主谓一致,根据When they will be back_____fixed.可知,说话时他们不在现场,应使用have/has gone to“到某地去”;When they will be back是主语从句,谓语动词应使用单数形式,结合从句中的时态可知,此处应使用现在完成时,表示对现在的影响。

英语常用的八种语态

英语常用的八种语态

英语常用的八种语态
1. 一般现在时态 (Simple Present Tense)
主动语态:主语 + 动词原形
被动语态:主语 + am/is/are + 过去分词
2. 一般过去时态 (Simple Past Tense)
主动语态:主语 + 过去式
被动语态:主语 + was/were + 过去分词
3. 现在进行时态 (Present Continuous Tense) 主动语态:主语 + am/is/are + 现在分词
被动语态:主语 + am/is/are + being + 过去分词
4. 过去进行时态 (Past Continuous Tense)
主动语态:主语 + was/were + 现在分词
被动语态:主语 + was/were + being + 过去分词
5. 现在完成时态 (Present Perfect Tense)
主动语态:主语 + have/has + 过去分词
被动语态:主语 + have/has + been + 过去分词6. 过去完成时态 (Past Perfect Tense)
主动语态:主语 + had + 过去分词
被动语态:主语 + had + been + 过去分词
7. 将来时态 (Future Tense)
主动语态:主语 + will/shall + 动词原形
被动语态:主语 + will/shall + be + 过去分词
8. 将来完成时态 (Future Perfect Tense)
主动语态:主语 + will/shall + have + 过去分词
被动语态:主语 + will/shall + have + been + 过去分词。

现在完成时被动语态

现在完成时被动语态
现在完成时的被动语态
一、基本构成:现在完成时的被动语态由 “have/has been+过去分词”构成,其中第三人称 单数用has,第三人称复数及其余人称用have。 现在完成时被动语态的各种句式: [肯定式]have/has+been+done Your computer has been repaired. 你的电脑已经修好了。
1.现在完成时的被动语态的两个助动词,即have/has 和been,两者缺一不可。
2.与一般过去时的被动语态的区别。一般过去时的被 动语态所表示的动作或状态与现在的情况没有联系, 而现在完成时的被动语态则强调与现在情况有联系。
The library was built last year.这座图书馆是去年修成 的。
[否定式]have/has+ not+ been+ done
The desks have not been cleaned. 这些桌子还没有擦干净。 [疑问式]Have/Has+主语+been+done? —Has the door been painted?那扇门粉刷了吗? —No,it hasn’t.不,还没有。
The work has already been finished. 工作已完成了。(结果是,现在不用做这项工作了)
2.表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去,持续到 现在,并有可能持续下去,常与for或since引导的时 间状语连用,或用于How long...?句型中。
The plan has been discussed for nearly 2 hours.
二、现在完成时被动语态的主要用法
1.表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响与结果。当 动词为短暂动词时,可与already或yet连用,但不能与 for或since引导的表示一段的时间状语连用。 I’m sorry,but the letters haven’t been typed yet. 很抱歉,这些信件还没有被打印出来。(结果是,现在还 拿不到这些信件)

现在完成时的被动语态

现在完成时的被动语态

现在完成时的被动语态的注意事项
及物动词才能用被动语 态
例如:The book has been read. (正确) vs The book has been sleep. (错误)
过去分词要正确使用
例如:The letter has been write. (错误) vs The letter has been written. (正确)
Affirmative
主语 + have/has + been + 过去分词
Negative
主语 + have/has + not + been + 过去分词
Interrogative
Have/Has + 主语 + been + 过去分词?
现在完成时的被动语态的用法和意义
1 表示经验和经历
2 强调结果
现在完成时的被动语态
现在完成时的被动语态是英语中一种重要的时态形式。它可以用来描述在过 去一段时间内发生过的被动动作或状态对现在的影响。
现在完成时的定义和结构
现在完成时是由"have/has + been + 过去分词"构成的。它表示动作在过去某 个时间点开始发生,并一直延续到现在。
现在完成时的被动语态形式
现在完成时的被动语态的非延 续性动词
有些动词不常与延续性动作连用,而更适合与非延续性动作连用,例如: arrive, come, die, fall, happen, leave, meet, occur, etc.
现在完成时的被动语态的延续 性动词
有些动词常与延续性动作连用,例如:live, work, study, teach, learn, write, etc.

现在完成时的被动语态

现在完成时的被动语态

现在完成时的被动语态have been done是现在完成时的被动语态结构。

现在完成时被动语态用法是高考的重要考点,学习时候应该注意下列几点:一、掌握现在完成时被动语态的构成现在完成时被动语态的结构为has/ have been done, 使用has been done时主语为单数,使用have been done时主语为复数。

如:This book has been translated into many languages.这本书已被译为多国语言。

His bikes have been sold out. 他的自行车已都卖完了。

二、理解现在完成时被动语态的概念现在完成时被动语态强调一个发生在过去的被动性动作,它有两层意思:1) 动作已经完成,强调对现在造成的影响或结果:2)主语与谓语动词之间为被动关系。

如:Our classroom has been cleaned, you needn't clean it now.我们的教室已经被打扫过,你现在没必要再打扫了。

These flowers have been watered, you can go home. 这些花已经被浇水了,你可以回家了。

三、现在完成时被动语态的用法1、用于不知道动作执行者是谁时His bike has been stolen. 他的自行车被人偷了。

(不清楚是被谁偷的)2、用于动作执行者是泛指或不言自明时Not a book in the library has been taken away. 图书馆里的书没有一本被人拿走。

(没人拿书,泛指)3、用于可以说出动作执行者但动作承受者是谈话中心或特别需要强调时My watch has been repaired. 我的表修好了。

(表修好了是谈话的主旨,是谁修好无关紧要。

不必提及)4、用于出于委婉、礼貌而避免提及自己或对方时Enough has been said here on this question. 关于这个问题,这里已经谈得不少了。

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现在完成时态专练句型转换:1. He has already gone home.He _________ __________ home ____________. (否定句)____________ he __________ home ___________? (一般疑问句)2. He has lunch at home.3.He __________ _____________ lunch at home. (否定句)____________ he __________ lunch at home? (一般疑问句)3. He has been there twice.__________ __________ ________ __________ he been there? (划线提问)4. I have lunch at school.__________ __________ you ____________ lunch? (划线提问)用since和for填空1. ______ two years2._______ two years ago3. _______ last month4.______ 19995._______ yesterday6. _______ 4 o’clock7. ______ 4 hours8._______ an hour ago9. _______ we were children 10. _____ lunch time 11.______ she left here12. He has lived in Nanjing ________ the year before last.13.I’ve known him __________ we were children.14. Our teacher has studied Japanese _________ three years.15. She has been away from the city ___________ about ten years.16.It’s about ten years __________ she left the city.用适当的时态填空:1.She’s _____________ (live) here ever since she was ten.2.Both of them __________ _________ (be) in Hongkong for ten days.3.Both of them __________ (come) to Hongkong ten days ago.4. Half an hour __________ _________ (pass) since the train __________ (leave).5. Mary________ ________(lose) her pen. ____________ you ______________ (see) it here and there?6. _____________ you ____________ (find) your watch yet?7. ---Are you thirsty? ---No I _________ just _____________ (have) some orange.8. We _____________already ______________ (return) the book.9. ___________ they ____________ (build) a new school in the village?10. I __________ ________(not finish) my homework . Can you help me?11. My father _______ _________(read) the novel twice.12. I _________ (buy) a book just now.13. I _________ (lost ) my watch yesterday.14. My father _________ _________ (read) this book since yesterday.三、用 have/has been to/in, have gone to 及 go to形式填空。

1) Where is Jack? He __________ his country yesterday.2) David ________ the park just now.4) How long _____ he _____ _____ this village?5) The Smiths ______ Beijing for 5 years.6) _____ you ever ______ ______ America? -- Yes, I _____ _______ there many times.7) I _____ ______ _______this school since three years ago.8) Where is Jim? He _____ ______ the farm since I came here.9) When_____ he _____? He _______ an hour ago.10) Would you like to _____ the zoo with me? ---Yes, but I _____ there before.11) Where _____ you _____ now? --- I ____ the zoo.12) He often _____ swimming.13) _____ you ______ there last year?14) _____ they often ______ skating in winter? 延续性动词和瞬间性动词之间的转化1.He died 10 years ago. ---- He ______________ for 10 years / since 10 years ago.2. He borrowed the book 2 weeks ago. ------- He _____________the book for 2 weeks.3. He bought the motorbike a month ago. ------ He ___________the motorbike for a month.4. He arrived here three days ago. ------ He ____________here since three days ago.6. He left here 2 years ago. ------- He ____________from here for 2 years.7. The film began 30 minutes ago. ------ The film __________ for 30 minutes.9. They closed the door an hour ago. -------- The door ___________for an hour.10. He joined the army last year. He _____________ the army for a year.一、单项选择。

1、—______ you ___ your homework yet ? —Yes . I _____ itA.Did do finishedB.Have done finishedC.Have done have finishedD.will do finish2、 His father ______ the Party since 1978 . A. joined B. has joined C. was in D. has been in3.Do you know him well ? — Sure .We _________ friends since ten years ago .A. wereB. have beenC. have becomeD. have made4.When he arrived at the bus stop, the bus _____ for 20 minutes.A. has leftB. had leftC. has been awayD. had been away5、 I ______ the League for 5 years so far. A. joined B. have joined C. have been in6.The factory ____ since the February of 1988.A . has been open B. has opened C. was open D. opened7.Mary and Rose ____friends since they met in 2000.A. have madeB. have beenC. madeD. have become8、The meeting _____ for a week now.A. has finishedB. has endedC. has been over9.Miss Gao ______ this school for nearly 5 years. A. has been in B. has come to C. has taught10、 How long _______ he ________ ? A. did;died B. has, died C. has, been dead11、 He ______ at eight yesterday afternoon. A. slept B. was sleeping C. has sleep D. had slept12、He ________ the car for a week. A. bought B. has bought C. has had13、-----How long _____ you _____ ill ? -----Two weeks. A. did fall B. have, fell C. have, been14、I'll lend you the book , but you can only _____ it for 2 days. A. borrow B. keep C. take15.----- How long can I ______ the book? ------ Two weeks. A. borrow B. lend C. get D. keep 16.The famou s writer _____ one new book in the past two year .A. is writing B.was writing C.wrote D.has written17、Have you met Mr. Li ____?A. Just B. ago C.before D.a moment ago18、—How long have you ____ here ? —About two months .A. been B. gone C. come D. arrived19、—Our country ____ a lot so far . —Yes. I hope it will be even ______ .A. has changed well B. changed good C. has changed better D. changed; better20、—______ you ___ your homework yet ?—Yes. I _____ it a moment ago.A.Did; do; finished B.Have; done; finished C.Have; done; have finished D. will; do; finish21.We ______ Xiao Li since she was a little girl .A. know B. had known C. have known D. knew22、Harry Potter is a very nice film. I _____ twice. A. will see B. have seen C. saw D.see23、—These farmers have been to the United States . —Really? When _____ there ?A. will they go B.did they go C. do they go D. have they gone24.Zhou Lang ______already ______in this school for two years .A. was studying B. will study C. has studied D. are; studying25、 His father _____ the Party since 1998 . A.joined B. has joined C. was in D. has been in26.Do you know him well ? — Sure .We ______ friends since ten years ago .A. were B. have been C. have become D. have made27、He has ___ been to Shanghai, has he ? A. already B.never C.ever D. still28.Hurry up! The play __________ for ten minutes .A. has begun B. had begun C. has been on D. began29、 It ___ ten years since he left the army . A. Is B. has been C. will D. was30、 Miss Green isn't in the office. She_______ to the library.A.has gone B. went C.will go D. has been31.My parents ______ Shandong for ten years.A. have been in B. have been to C. have gone to D. have been32、The students have cleaned the classroom, ____?A. so theyB. don’t theyC. have theyD. haven’t they33._______ has Mr. White been a member of Greener China since he _______ to China?A. How soon, comesB. How often, gotC. How long, cameD. How far, arrived34.His uncle _______ for more than 9 years.A. has come hereB. has started to workC. has lived thereD. has left the university被动语态专项练习请写出被动语态的基本结构:________________________________A.一般现在时的被动语态结构:is /am/are +及物动词的过去分词+其它+by sb. 1.Football--------(play)all over the world。

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