翻译入门三

Edison invented the electric light lamp. 爱迪生发明了电灯。 He invented a story to explain why he was late. 他编造一个谎话，解释为什么迟到。 The beauty of the evening seduced me abroad. 傍晚的美景把我吸引到户外去。 The vile guy tried to seduce the young girl. 那无耻的家伙企图勾引那个女孩。


2. 根据语境及搭配关系判断词义
动词和名词搭配 形容词和名词搭配
形容词与介词搭配
动词与副词搭配
动词和名词搭配---develop
develop the heavy industry develop a method develop an interest develop a habit develop a plan develop one’s competence
我从不喝酒。 Wine
我不喝烈性酒。 spirits
汉译英时单词的选择
根据词的语体色彩来选词
日军的侵略的暴行激起人民极大的愤怒。
The atrocity of Japanese army’s aggression roused the people to great indignation.
Exercise（一）
He halted in the district where by night are found the lightest street, hearts, vows and librettos.
他在一个市区停了下来，那里的夜晚有最明亮的街道， 最愉快的心情，最轻易出口的誓言和最轻松的歌曲。
形容词与介词搭配
Steven is good at making model ships.
We human beings should be good to animals.
It’s a good day for hiking.
take fish take three from nine take someone round the factory take the first place take a seat take someone’s advice take medicine
take action take notes take …for example take care take a rest take … for granted
1.The socialist country is the last country to invade others. 2.Our vocation lasts 20 days. 3. Little Tom is the last boy to be criticized.
Water
waters
4. 根据冠词选择词义
She is dressed in pink. 她穿着粉红色的衣服。
She seems to be in the pink. 她看起来身体非常健康。
My watch is behind time.
我的表走慢了。
My watch is behind the time. 我的表过时了。
1 . He knew this was his last hope of winning. 2. Women always have the last word.
3.He is the last person I want to see .
3. 根据名词的数来确定词义
Time Good times goods Work Spirit Brain works spirits brains
(二) 词义的引申
对词义进行抽象化的引申
There is a mixture of the tiger and the ape in the character of that guy. 那家伙生性既残暴又狡猾。 Every life has its roses and thorns. 人人都有苦有乐。
翻译以下句子时请注意词语的引申意义
We see that the surface is covered with tiny “hills and valleys”. There is no pot so ugly it can’t find a lid.
我们看到表面布满了微小的凹凸不平之处。
锅子再差，也不愁找个盖。 （姑娘再丑，也不愁嫁。）
翻译下列各句，注意根据上下文来确定斜体词的词义：
There was not a sound save that from time to time a bird called.
He saved the boy from drowning. Save your strength---we have a long way to go before we reach the top of the mountain. A similar timetable has been adopted save the morning break is shorter. Will you please save a seat for me?





他欺骗了我，使我成为他进行罪恶 行当的工具。 凡是忘掉过去的人注定要重蹈覆辙。 约翰是个有上进心的白领工作者， 他工作很出色。 伦敦是旅游者大量涌入的城市。





I am filled with wonder when I consider the immeasurable contrast between the two lives which it connects. 时至今日，每当我想到这一天所连接起的两种 生活差异之巨大时，心里就充满了一种奇妙的 感受。（直译） 时至今日，每当我想起这一天时仍会惊叹不已， 因为这一天把有天壤之别的两种生活连在了一 起。 （意译）
Round

The earth rounds the sun. The exciting news soon carried round.


She has a round voice.
In the first round our football team has had three wins and one defeat. I want to travel round the world.


theoretician 理论家 theorizer 空头理论家 老是讲理论的人 statesman 政治家 politician 政客，搞党派政治的人 childlike 孩子气的 childish 孩子气的 幼稚无知的


He had lied to me and made me the tool of his wicked deeds. Those who do not remember the past are condemned to relive it. John is an aggressive white-collar worker, who does his job quite well. London is a city invaded by tourists.
（三） 词义的褒贬
1. They incited him to go into further investigation. 他们鼓励他做进一步的调查。 2. The plotters incited the soldiers to rise against their officers. 密谋者煽动士兵反对他们的军官。 3. This general has the reputation of being courageous. 这位将军以勇敢闻名。 4. He was an honest man, but he had a certain reputation. I believe the reputation was not deserved. 他是个诚实的人，但是确有种坏名声。 我相信这坏名声是不应该有的。
Answers
除了偶然一两声鸟叫之外，一点声音也没有。 他救了那个男孩，使他未被淹死。 省点力气，我们还要走很长一段路才到山顶。 采用相似的时间表，只是早上休息的时间缩短了。 给我留个座位好吗？
如果不添煤，炉子就会熄灭。 根本没有叫海伦的女生，是他捏造出来的。 这地区的பைடு நூலகம்面有一半还没有修好。 社会是由能力迥然不同的人组成的。 扮演“白雪公主”这个角色，她花了一个多小时的时间化妆 他们把沙发收拾一下让这位不速之客休息。 我们不得不加快车速，以弥补在波士顿所耽误的时间。
(v.)
(adj.)
▲
(n.)
▲
I wish I could swim like a dolphin 我希望我能象海豚一样游泳。
(prep.)

The workers can fish.


A fruit grower once said:“ I eat what I can, what I cannot eat, I can.” 有位种水果的人曾说：“能吃掉的就吃掉，吃 不了的我就做成罐头。”
发展重工业 研究出一种方法 产生兴趣 养成习惯 制定计划 增进能力
形容词和名词搭配
A good citizen should be a good Christian, a good parent, child, wife and husband.
一个好公民应该是个虔诚的教徒，慈爱的父母，孝顺的儿女， 贤良的妻子或尽职的丈夫。