大众标准TL 217中文 2009年8月版
大众标准TL精编中文版
大众汽车集团标准 TL 2442010年12月版分类号：50223关键字：锌，镍，钝化处理，密封，无Cr(VI)，防腐蚀，表面保护锌/镍-合金涂覆层表面保护要求旧版本TL 244: 1987-10, 1992-05, 1993-11, 1995-12, 2002-05, 2004-12, 2006-08, 2007-02变更相对于 TL244： 2007-02 版本，作了如下更改：--补充了热处理后零件的抗拉强度≦ 1200Mpa 部分；--添加了 Ofl-r647 和 Ofl-r648 两种涂覆方法；--原表 2 中关于含铬的表面保护类型已删除；--添加了图 1 和图 2；--添加了 PV 1209,PV 1200 和 PV1210 三种测试依据；--镀层表面形态的要求有所增加；--镍的上限值有所改变；--原第 4 条关于镀层厚度的测量的内容加入到 3.9 部分；--原 3.11 部分的要求有所改变；--参考标准有更新；--标准重组。
1 范围本标准规定了抗拉强度为 Rm≦ 1000Mpa（按 VW 137 50 的特征字母 r）的铁材料和钢制件上的电解离析和无Cr（ VI）后处理的锌/镍合金涂覆层的要求。
此外还定义了抗拉强度值大于 1000Mpa时的应用极限。
本标准定义了合金涂覆不适用于抗拉强度 Rm>1200Mpa 和表面硬度>370HV 的钢制件。
而且适用于抗拉强度值在 1000Mpa 和 1200Mpa之间的钢制件时，必须按 DIN EN ISO 4042 作热处理。
这些当作坚固防腐层（稳定等级为 6）的涂覆层，亦特别适用于除了腐蚀负荷增加和温度负荷增加至150°C（例如：发动机室和刹车系统）之外的部件以及螺栓拧紧系统。
银色涂覆层（例如：Ofl-r642,Ofl-r643,Ofl-r645和Ofl-r647）特别适用于导线连接（接地线连接）。
这些涂覆层特别适用于内部传动的紧固元件，以避免附加的施力作用。
VW 中文
低腐蚀载荷 中等腐蚀载荷
强腐蚀载荷
耐腐蚀性等级 轻度防护 指数 1
中级防护 指数 3
重级防护 指数 6
3.2 图纸中的说明
如果整个零件或总成 ZSB 中的若干零件需要确定的表面防护，则在“表面防护”的下方 标注缩写符号；例如，Ofl-t650（参见 VW01058）。如果可以选择使用几种表面防护方 式，那么就要给出所有允许的处理方式的缩写。例如，Ofl-r673/x630。
翻译 李宏
日期 2008.06.20
校对 金喆民
日期 2008.06.23
抄写
日期
金属表面防护
防护方式，缩写符号
VW 137 50
共 17 页 第 2 页
1 适用范围
本标准适用于图纸以及技术资料中标记的汽车零件和发动机仓内零件的一般表面防护形 式的标记。对于特殊的表面防护形式（Ofl）-适用于自己的无表面防护标记按 Ofl-缩写 （见附录 A.2.）的技术供货条件.
金属表面防护
防护方式，缩写符号
VW 137 50
共 17 页 第 5 页
商业上通用的防护方式是以等级划分为目的（例如，钢丝）。但它并不是很适合用于耐 腐蚀特性试验。对于一个零件来说，其防护层只要标出一个标识方式的字母和规定的数 字 010 就可以了。这个符号还可以说明，如一个商业上通用的喷漆：Ofl-x010。它同样 可以按照涂层方式和结构的不同进行区分；例如，商业上通用的热镀锌：Ofl-g020。
商业上通用的防护形式，例如 Ofl-c010“商业通用镀锌”和 Ofl-r010“商业通用电解锌 合金涂层”，不允许含 Cr(VI)-化合物。
对于所有的商业上通用的防护形式都适用于按 VW91101 的避免有害物质的排放标准。
VW80972_EN_2009-11-01
Infotainment SystemsGeneral Functional RequirementsPrefaceToday, specific performance specifications are available for all new infotainment projects, defining requirements on a project-specific basis. In order to avoid confusion and ambiguity, these require‐ments will be removed from this standard (in compliance with the CC Radio/Tuner decision of January 14, 2008) which will be limited to more general issues. Only the methods and measurement proce‐dures used to determine the characteristic values of the specific requirements will be described.Previous issuesTL 972: 1995-07; VW 80972: 2000-07, 2001-10, 2006-09ChangesThe following changes have been made as compared to VW 80972: 2006-09:–Title changed–Scope: extended to include all infotainment systems–Release testing: extended and divided into field testing and laboratory testing with references tospecific performance specifications –Definitions: supplemented–Editorial: Replacement of term LF (low frequency) by audio operating modes and descriptionaccording to definiton in VW 80101–Environmental requirements supplemented–Preferred measurement frequency: AM harmonized for NAR and EU–Temperature requirements: Section 8.2.1.1 Audio continuous power, system cooling divided into5.2.3.1 System cooling and 8.2.1.1 Audio continuous power; further installation locations andcontrol elements added and temperature stages test addedGroup StandardVW 80972Issue 2009-11Class. No.:8FL40Descriptors:car radio, radio, radio navigation systems, infotainment modules, infotainment, audio systems, mediaCheck standard for current issue prior to usage.This electronically generated standard is authentic and valid without signature.The English translation is believed to be accurate. In case of discrepancies the German version shall govern.Numerical notation acc. to ISO practice.Page 1 of 39Technical responsibility Standards Department EEFI/3Detlev BeyerTel.: +49-5361-9-23881EKDV/4 Dirk Beinker EKDVTel.: +49-5361-9-32438Manfred TerlindenConfidential. All rights reserved. No part of this document may be transmitted or reproduced without prior permission of a Standards Department of the Volkswagen Group.Parties to a contract can only obtain this standard via the B2B supplier platform .© Volkswagen AktiengesellschaftVWNORM-2008-12hPage 2VW 80972: 2009-11–EMC approval: Individual standards removed and reference to Volkswagen Component Perfor‐mance Specifications Template for EMC module added–Illumination: Reference to Performance Specifications on Illumination (of Display and Control Elements in the Passenger Compartment) added–Antenna remote supply: AM/FM harmonized with DAB, SDARS complemented–Operating temperatures: CompactCassette (CC) and MiniDisk (MD) withdrawn–Operating noise: CC and MD withdrawn, DVD added–Test sequence: Table 3 updated–Mechanics requirements: Reference to …MIB_Device_Mechanics_Main_Unit“, Chapter 4 "Tech‐nical Requirements"; load cycle quantity deleted–Actuation forces: keys, values revised–Endurance test: Output power increased and radio extended to 1000 h–Voltages: Functional states, editorial revision, supplements and revision of "after end of functional state D"–Voltage dip: requirements complemented–Interruption: conditions after functional state added–Interference immunity: operating voltages quickly changing in time added–Switching behavior, ON/OFF: reference to MIB power management performance specifications added–Control input/output: MOST reference added to CAN performance specifications–Audio requirements: Reference to performance specifications …MIB_RQ_List_Sound“ added and note on common mode rejection for voltage changes added–Audio phase position AM/FM new–Common mode rejection: values revised–Audio source level plan: generalized, only refers to basic sources–BOSE®: deleted–Other sound systems: new description: sound systems, "branded"–Audio outputs: Values adapted–Frequency responses: Measurement conditions for different sources combined and reference to performance specifications "MIB_RQ_List_Sound" added–Control capacity of ...: merged and reference to performance specifications "MIB_RQ_List_Sound" added–Audio inputs: values adapted–CC drive requirements: removed–MD drive requirements: removed–CD, DVD audio,...: combined in the media Section and reference to performance specifications added–CD, DVD, HDD drive requirements revised with regard to mechanics and performance require‐ments described in VDA guideline 240-300 and in the "Test Case Book for Automotive Drives".–Video requirements: new–Navigation requirements new–Road test: text on assessment revised–Table 1: deleted, integrated in radio sections–Laboratory testing: operating noise and rattling added– 5.1.2 Operating temperatures: text complemented– 5.3.4 System temperature management : Text complemented– 5.5 Illumination: only reference to: display illumination performance specifications– 5.7 Chemical requirements: listing of individual substances omitted, only reference to VW 80101,a), o) and q) deleted– 5.11 Operating noise: details complemented– 6. Mechanical Requirements: All individual points deleted, only reference to performance spe‐cifications, VW80101 and performance specifications module "Testing"– 5. General requirements: Reference to other requirement areas according to VW 80101– 5.1.2 Temperature requirements complemented– 5.7 Resistance to light complemented, distinction of materials– 5.8 Test sequence: table removed, reference to MQB test performance specifications– 5.10 Operating noise: reference to VW 82469, "Accessory Equipment; Acoustic Requirements"–7.1 Adjustable frequency ranges: table removed and references created –7.2 Voltages: adapted to new values from AK 4.14–7.8 Irritating noise: control elements reintegrated and headline errors revised –12. Telephone requirements: reference to performance specifications–13. Radio requirements: reference to performance specifications and radio sections of this stan‐dard–New limit values more suitable for practical use for: 8.2.6 THD against power; 8.7 Audio inputs S/N; 9.3.1.3 Channel separation –EMC references revised–Audio requirements: changed name of performance specifications adopted –7.4.2.3 Antenna supply: current limitation added–8.5 Reception-quality-dependent sound influence: deleted, reference to "MIB_RQ_Radio_AM-FM-IBOC"ContentsPageScope .............................................................................................................................5Terms .............................................................................................................................6General descriptions: .....................................................................................................6Broadcasting terms for radio wave ranges depending on wave length .........................6Higher-level regulations and guidelines .........................................................................7Regulations ....................................................................................................................7Applicable laws and regulations .....................................................................................7EMC approval ................................................................................................................8Environmental requirements ..........................................................................................8General test conditions ..................................................................................................8Voltage source ...............................................................................................................8Test temperature ............................................................................................................9Preferred measurement frequencies .............................................................................9Modulation .....................................................................................................................9Note .............................................................................................................................10Identification of devices ................................................................................................10Test frames (schematic description) . (10)122.12.233.13.23.33.444.14.24.34.44.54.64.7Page 3VW 80972: 2009-11Operating modes (extract from VW 80101, Operating modes) ....................................10General requirements ..................................................................................................11Release testing ............................................................................................................11Road test ......................................................................................................................11Laboratory testing ........................................................................................................12Temperature requirements ..........................................................................................12Operating temperatures ...............................................................................................13Multi-stage temperature test ........................................................................................13Temperature resistance ..............................................................................................13Conditioning (forced-air aging, without load) ...............................................................13Temperature cycle (no load) ........................................................................................14Rapid temperature cycle with specified transfer duration (thermal shock test) ............14System temperature management ...............................................................................14Resistance to humid/warm environments (cyclic) ........................................................15Illumination/nighttime design ........................................................................................16Control elements (buttons and trim) .............................................................................16Chemical requirements (resistance to chemical agents) .............................................16Lightfastness ................................................................................................................16Test sequence .............................................................................................................16Flammability .................................................................................................................16Operating noise ............................................................................................................16Noise limit values during excitation (rattling and squeaking) .......................................17Mechanical requirements .............................................................................................17Requirements for electric system .................................................................................17Frequency ranges that can be selected .......................................................................17Voltages .......................................................................................................................18Overvoltage strength ....................................................................................................19Testing at 10,8 V ..........................................................................................................19Voltage dip, brief period (starting pulse) ......................................................................19Interruption ...................................................................................................................19Reverse polarity protection ..........................................................................................20Current .........................................................................................................................20Maximum permissible closed-circuit current/power consumption ................................20Control lines (capacity) ................................................................................................20Overcurrent strength ....................................................................................................22Switching behavior, ON/OFF .......................................................................................22Control inputs ...............................................................................................................22PHONE (analog input) .................................................................................................22S contact (analog input) ...............................................................................................22Illumination ...................................................................................................................23Speed-dependent volume control ................................................................................23Frequency constancy ...................................................................................................23Station frequency repeatability .....................................................................................23Frequency drift upon change in ambient temperature .................................................23Frequency drift upon changes in operating voltage .....................................................24Interferences ................................................................................................................24Interferences caused by control elements ...................................................................24Interference caused by internally generated auxiliary operating frequencies orcheck routines ..............................................................................................................24Interference due to internal drives (CD, DVD, SD and HDD) ......................................25Interference immunity ..................................................................................................25Ignition interference .. (25)4.855.15.1.15.1.25.25.2.15.2.25.35.3.15.3.25.3.35.3.45.45.55.65.75.85.95.105.115.12677.17.27.37.3.17.3.27.3.37.3.47.47.4.17.4.27.4.37.57.67.6.17.6.27.6.37.6.47.77.7.17.7.27.7.37.87.8.17.8.27.8.37.97.9.1Page 4VW 80972: 2009-11Electric system interference .........................................................................................25Interference caused by alternator ................................................................................25Electrostatic charging protection ..................................................................................26Audio requirements ......................................................................................................26Audio source level plan (objective: lowest possible subjective volume difference)......................................................................................................................................26Audio outputs ...............................................................................................................27Audio outputs for passive speaker systems .................................................................27Audio outputs for sound systems (line/AUX out, rear seat entertainment) ..................28Audio outputs for sound systems with full level input ...................................................29Audio background noise ..............................................................................................29Clipping ........................................................................................................................29THD against power ......................................................................................................29Volume range ...............................................................................................................30Audio phase position at FM and AM ............................................................................30Audio frequency response ..........................................................................................30Loudness .....................................................................................................................31Vehicle-specific sound curve, frequency response for traffic audio memory ...............31Control capacity of the volume, geometry and bass/treble controls ............................31Reception-quality-dependent sound influence for FM .................................................31Speed-dependent corrections of the audio signal ........................................................31Audio inputs .................................................................................................................31Stereo input for external media ....................................................................................31Stereo input for external media (AUX) .........................................................................32Audio input for telephone .............................................................................................32Media AUDIO requirements .........................................................................................32Cassette operation, cassette drive requirements .........................................................32MiniDisc operation (MD requirements) ........................................................................32CD, DVD, HDD and SD operation ...............................................................................32CD playback requirements ...........................................................................................33Memory cards ..............................................................................................................34Hard disk drives (HDD) as audio source ......................................................................36Video requirements ......................................................................................................37TV requirements ..........................................................................................................37Navigation requirements ..............................................................................................37Telephone requirements ..............................................................................................37Radio requirements ......................................................................................................37Radio requirements EUROPA, CHINA and ROW .......................................................38Radio requirements, JAPAN ........................................................................................38Radio requirements North America / Latin America .....................................................38Referenced documents ................................................................................................38Bibliography .................................................................................................................397.9.27.9.37.1088.18.28.2.18.2.28.2.38.2.48.2.58.2.68.2.78.2.88.38.3.18.3.28.48.58.68.78.7.18.7.28.7.399.19.29.39.3.19.3.29.3.31010.111121313.113.213.31415ScopeThis standard specifies requirements and tests for all infotainment systems implemented within the Volkswagen Group and associated components (radios, navigation systems, media player, audio amplifiers,...).The relevant version valid at the time the order is placed applies to corresponding standards and regulations.1Page 5VW 80972: 2009-11The performance specifications (German abbreviation LAH) specified in this standard are exemplary and must be specifically adapted for other projects. The compliance with the respective component performance specifications (German abbreviation BT-LAH) and with this standard are prerequisites for technical engineering approval (BMG) and the resulting component release.TermsGeneral descriptions:AU-S Function description AU dio S ound OMO perating M odeControl elementsAll elements (keys, knobs, display and media) which must be used for oper‐ation, use or control of the systemUser-accessible areas All areas that can be touched voluntarily or involuntarily by the user withoutremoving installation, add-on, trim or protection elementsBMG Technical Engineering Approval (German abbreviation)BT-LAH Component Performance Specifications (German abbreviation)CRIN Description in ISO for C ar R adio I dentification N umber HW H ard W are LCD L iquid C rystal D isplay (display type)LSM L ast S ituation M emory ROW "R est o f W orld", applies to requirements not assigned to specific regions RT R oom T emperature SW S oft W are TFT T hin F ilm T ransistor (display type)Calibration value Measured value in as-delivered condition before carrying out any test thatmay have an influenceHead impact Simulation of a collision in which the front seat passengers' heads hit thedashboard.KAF Volkswagen group acceptance test drive (German abbreviation)Functional statuses See VW 80101, Section on functional states Broadcasting terms for radio wave ranges depending on wave lengthAMA mplitude M odulation, also MFLimitation Compensation of audio level fluctuations depending on the reception level DAB Digital Audio Broadcasting (digital radio)dB Unit of measure for the logarithmic relationship of levels dBµV Logarithmic level relationship with the reference value 1µVE´RF level at antenna input downstream of the antenna simulation E´R RF level for noise-limited sensitivity f N Frequency of the desired station f S Frequency of the interfering stationf nnth transmitter in multiple-transmitter measuring methods2 2.12.2 Page 6VW 80972: 2009-11FM F requency M odulation, also VHF VHF V ery H igh F requency, also FMFS "F ull S cale" reference full level CD 0 dB (full modulation amplitude)RF R adio F requency, frequencies > 100 kHz k maxMaximum nonlinear distortion factorNonlinear distortion factor Degree of nonlinear audio distortions, indicated in %SW S hort W aveL Left stereo channel LW L ong W avem Modulation level for AM modulations in %MW M edium W ave, also AMLFL ow F requency, audio frequency range, 20 Hz to 20 kHz Desired station Station tuned in to listen to P LFAudio output powerRRight stereo channelStereo2-channel sound playbackInterfering station The station influencing the desired station T HS Temperature on heat sinkT CE Temperature of trim/control elementsU B Battery voltage/operating voltage at the control unit's connection block U Ant Antenna operating voltage at the antenna jackU A RF output level at signal generator upstream of antenna simulation Δf Modulation shift for FM modulations in kHzHigher-level regulations and guidelines RegulationsUnless other requirements exist, the standard production devices must comply with the specifications of the respective national governmental approval agency.The manufacturer is responsible for proof of compliance.Applicable laws and regulationsPassenger compartment (interior trim)ECE R21 [1]Passenger compartment (head impact)EC 74/60 EEC [2]Electromagnetic compatibility ECE R101) [3]Electromagnetic compatibilityEC GL 2006/96/EC [4]Presentation for type approval for the passenger compartment specifications to the releasing gov‐ernment authority is carried out and released by the responsible department of the respective cor‐porate brand in the scope of the vehicle type approval process.3 3.13.21)This is covered by the Volkswagen Group in the EMC type approval. For the original equipment, use in the vehicle manufacturing plant,neither an e nor an E nor a CE marking is required.Page 7VW 80972: 2009-11EMC approvalFor original use, an EMC approval is carried out by the Volkswagen AG specialized departments in the scope of the vehicle type approval process.Compliance with the applicable EMC guidelines according to "VW Component Performance Specifi‐cations Template Module for EMC" [5] is absolutely necessary for this.For EMC testing, all sample versions starting from the basic sample must be submitted to the re‐sponsible department including complete documentation and measurement protocols. For EMC re‐lease, three sample devices representing the standard production status have to be presented. After successful release, these devices must be stored as confirmed reference samples, one device at the department carrying out the EMC release, one at the development release department and one at the manufacturer.Environmental requirementsCompliance with the Group requirements for the manufacture of the devices and the choice of the materials must be ensured.–VW 91100 "Environmental Standard for Vehicles; Vehicle Parts, Materials, Operating Fluids;Policy, Specifications"–VW 91101 "Environmental Standard for Vehicles Vehicle Parts, Materials, Operating Fluids Avoidance of Hazardous Substances"–VW 91102 SUPPLEMENT 3 "Environmental Standard for Vehicles;Requirements for a Process‐ing Concept"–VW 91102 "Environmental Standard for Vehicles; Recycling Requirements, Use of Recycled Material, Type Approval with Regard to Recyclability"–VW 91104 "Vehicle Environmental Standard; Basics, Technical Inventory Analysis, Life Cycle Inventory Analysis"–VDA 260 "Motor Vehicle Components; Marking of Materials"Compliance must be documented by the manufacturer by means of a hazardous-substance docu‐mentation list including quantity data for the hazardous substances contained in the product.General test conditionsAll DUTs must comply with the requirements specified in VW 80101. All parts must completely fulfill their specified function both during and after the tests, unless these are destructive tests. The re‐quirements apply to the entire operating voltage and operating temperature ranges.During the tests, the DUTs must be continuously monitored using suitable monitoring devices with test cycles adapted to the requirements and the operating states.For test procedure, number and sequence, see test performance specifications. See also Section 5.9 for further notes.Voltage sourceTest voltage14V ± 0,1 V, terminal voltage at the device Internal resistance< 0,1 ΩReference output power0,5 W at load simulation of 4 Ω3.3 3.444.1Page 8VW 80972: 2009-11Test temperatureAll limits and parameters according to the valid specifications must be adhered to within the test temperature range.Temperature range: -30 °C to +70 °CFurther "special" temperatures are indicated in the relevant Sections and must be taken into consid‐eration.A tolerance of ± 2 °C applies to all temperatures.Measurements for which no temperature is specified are to be performed at RT ≙ 23 °C ± 5 °C according to DIN.Preferred measurement frequenciesThe following measurement frequencies and modulations are given as an orientation and as default settings for the tests and requirements specified in Section 5 onwards. Location-specific changes required due to local transmitters must be documented.Deviating modulation signals for source differentiation when carrying out the reliability tests are per‐mitted.Table 1LW 153183252 kHz AM(MW)54010801440 kHz SW 6,1 MHz FM 89,194,199,1106,1MHz FM 79,582,586,589,5MHz JapanDAB 174,928216,928223,936239,200BAND III EUROPE/CANADA DAB 1452.9601471.7921490.624 L-BAND EUROPE/CHINA DAB 1452.8161472.0001491.184L-BAND CANADA DAB tbdBand III, CHINA SDARSall reception paths (terrestrial and SAT)North AmericaDRM / IBOC analogous to AM and FM ModulationAM:1000 Hz Modulation signal 30 %Degree of modulation FM:1000 HzModulation signal ± 40 kHzFrequency shift Additionally for stereo:19 KHzPilot signal± 7,5 KHzFrequency shift Additionally for RDS:57 KHzPilot signal± 2 KHzFrequency shift4.2 4.34.4 Page 9VW 80972: 2009-11。
VW 01155：2009-11(中文版)
大众汽车股份大众汽车股份有限有限有限公司公司公司总共6页联合企业标准联合企业标准 VW 01155。
版本：2009年11月的新版本。
分类号： 01190。
提示词： 汽车零部件、供货零部件、首次供货。
汽车一零汽车一零部部件的供货供货：：首次供货以及修改的批准。
前言前言：：本标准包括有一个附录，其中，描述了对国际材料数据系统（IMDS ）中材料数据部分的编制所提出的要求。
早期标准早期标准：：VW 01155标准,有1988年01月、1995年12月、1999年10月、2000年12月、2004年06月、2005年02月、2006年01月、以及2009年10月等的多种版本。
修改修改：：与2009年10月的VW 01155标准相比较，此次已经做了下列的修改： ——较早的版本已经作过报导。
1、 应用范围应用范围本标准对汽车的零部件供货、首次供货以及标准修改的批准程序进行了调整。
2、 要求要求一些在图纸和标准（特别是企业标准（厂标）如：TL 、PV 、VW ）中所包含的资料，对零部件供货状态的要求进行了描述。
供货方在考虑到按照KR 00020中已经知道的技术条例、连同说明、以及可维修性文献资料的情况，并且，在此基础上研发了一种经济维修的概念。
供货方应该提供客户所需要的实验和说明，用于首次样品的放行，包括结构样品的放行，只要订货方提出这样的要求。
所用材料的纯材料（成分），在国际材料数据系统（IMDS）中，根据附录A 中给定的数据资料要求给出。
对于所用材料、及其准备和它们的产品，根据欧洲危险材料处置法规，都已经做了相应的安排，根据危险材料处置条例，EG 安全部分的数据也要同时提供。
供货方对其产品应该给出再循环利用的概念（物料循环流程的封闭性）（见VW 01155：2009-11VW91102标准，增补3）。
根据各部门关于危险材料处理、说明和再循环利用的规程，责任在汽车工业之外的部分，应该由供货方来承担。
对于结构类型的批准负有责任的供货状态，下列规定才可以适用：零部件企业许可证，通过主管设计部门提供给了类型试验方。
大众汽车达克罗标准TL217
Group standard TL 233Issue 2016-10 Class. No.:50223Descriptors:corrosion protection, surface protection, zinc, aluminum flake, zinc flake, base coat, top coat, organiccoating, t330, t350, t630, t650Non-Electrolytically Applied Zinc Flake Coatings with an Organic Top Coat Surface Protection RequirementsPrefaceIn contrast to the surface protection (Ofl) types specified in Technical Supply SpecificationTL 180 1) and TL 245 2), this TL describes a coating system which ensures the functional character‐istics of components, e.g., the color and/or corrosion protection, additionally by means of a consis‐tent organic top coat with a greater coating thickness.For new designs, if fasteners with a metric ISO thread are used, the use of surface protection types as per TL 180 1) (black) or TL 245 2) (silver) is preferred.For spring clamps on fuel hoses, coatings as per TL 134 3) must be used.Previous issuesTL 233: 1982-09, 1983-02, 1991-05, 1992-06, 1993-11, 1998-02, 2003-09, 2003-11, 2010-11, 2016-09ChangesThe following changes have been made to TL 233: 2016-09:–Correction in attachment 1 of appendix A "Released surface protection systems"1)TL 180 – Non-Electrolytically Applied Zinc Flake Coatings with a Black Top Coat; Surface Protection Requirements2)TL 245 – Non-Electrolytically Applied Zinc Flake Coatings; Surface Protection Requirements3)TL 134 – Non-Electrolytically Applied Zinc Flake Coatings with Organic Coating for Increased Corrosion Protection Requirements;Requirements and TestingAlways use the latest version of this standard.This electronically generated standard is authentic and valid without signature.The English translation is believed to be accurate. In case of discrepancies, the German version is alone authoritative and controlling.Page 1 of 10All rights reserved. No part of this document may be provided to third parties or reproduced without the prior consent of one of the Volkswagen Group’s Standards departments.© Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft VWNORM-2015-07d Q U E L L E : N O L I SPage 2TL 233: 2016-10ScopeThis standard defines requirements and tests of surface protection types comprising non-electrical‐ly applied zinc flake coatings, with an additional organic top coat, on iron materials.The coating systems as per this standard can be used at temperatures up to a maximum of 180 °C.Because, with proper pretreatment, no risk of hydrogen embrittlement arises as a result of the coating process, this coating is also suited as corrosion protection for hardened and high-strength steel parts with tensile strength values ≥ 1 000 MPa or surface hardness values > 320 HV (Vickers hardness). The individual coats are applied primarily using a dip-spinning method.Coatings as per this standard are not suited for components with an electrically conducting function (e.g., ground connections).Designation Depending on the protection class and on the lubricant content (see table 1), a distinction is made between four surface protection types for the coating system as per this standard, which are desig‐nated with the following codes as per the specifications in Volkswagen standard VW 13750, sec‐tion "Designation":Ofl-t330Ofl-t350Ofl-t630Ofl-t650Requirements Appearance of the top coat, lubricant additive, and protection classThe surface protection types of the coating system must meet the requirements specified in table 1.The released protection systems are listed in appendix A.Table 1 – Appearance, lubricant additive, and protection classa)If a silver appearance of the top coat is required, the code for the surface protection type is expanded with the addendum "silver."This applies to other color specifications as well.Basic requirementsApproval of first supply and changes as per VW 011551 2 33.1 3.2Page 3TL 233: 2016-10Avoidance of hazardous substances as per VW 91101.At least ten parts (depending on size) are required for complete testing. For the initial-sample re‐lease of small parts, ≥ 50 kg of specimens must be produced (e.g., for fasteners).Unless certain sections of a part marked in the drawing are excluded from the surface coating, the entire surface of the parts must have the required surface protection with the specified properties.The protective coatings must not have any pores, cracks, damage, or other flaws impairing corro‐sion protection and/or the specified appearance. The coating systems must firmly adhere to the base metal and must not peel off or crack under elastic deformation.The coating system must be free of any flaws and excess material that have a negative impact on the part's function. The production process must be designed and controlled in such a way that the use properties of the finished part are not impaired.If the coated components are properly installed, the coating must not be damaged in any way that would negatively affect the function and/or would reduce the specified corrosion protection.For metric ISO threads as per VW 11611, after the coating process, the zero line for outer threads must not be crossed, and the zero line for inner threads must not be undershot. For fasteners with a metric thread, the coefficients of friction as per VW 01129 must be complied with (applies only to Ofl-t330 and Ofl-t630).Because the coating temperatures may have effects on the properties of materials, it must be checked whether coating can be carried out using solvent-based or water-based zinc flake coat‐ings, depending on the component. The baking temperature for solvent-based zinc flake coatings is usually 200 °C to 250 °C. A temperature of 300 °C is necessary for water-based zinc flake coat‐ings. The requirements in the drawing or master data list always apply to the coated component.The selection of manufacturer and surface protection types, as well as the coating method, must be agreed upon with the appropriate department in each case (e.g., GQL-M, N/GQ-L, I/GQ-L) on a part-specific basis before use.Requirements for mechanical fastenersFor mechanical fasteners with the following characteristics, the coating system must be released on an application-specific basis:–Parts with a metric ISO thread ≤ M8 with specific requirements regarding the loosening tor‐ques of the connection if temperatures > 80 °C occur–Outer threads ≤ M6 and inner threads –Force applied by triple square as per VW 01043, < N8–Hexalobular socket as per VW 01048, < T30–Hexagon socket, nominal size < 5 as per DIN 475-1 or product standards –Cross recess as per DIN EN ISO 4757, < H3Base metalThe surface of the base metal being coated must be bright. The surface must be cleaned to ensure that it can be coated. For hardened and high-strength steel parts with tensile strength values > 1 000 MPa, alkaline or mechanical cleaning (e.g., by abrasive blasting) must always be carried out before the coating process.The application of fine-crystal zinc phosphating (coating weight of 1 g/m 2 to 3 g/m 2) is permissible.3.3 3.4Page 4TL 233: 2016-10Coating system Composition of the dry filmComposition of the dry film: See the International Material Data System (IMDS).Coating layers Layer structure of the coating systemThe coating system consists of a base coat (inorganic zinc flake coating) and a top coat (organic coating).NOTE 1: The required number of layers also depends on the coating method and on the coating material.Base coatThe base coat consists of an inorganic matrix with at least 70% zinc flakes and up to 10% alumi‐num flakes by mass. The use of zinc with a globular structure is permissible. The use of zinc dust is prohibited.3.53.5.1 3.5.23.5.2.1 3.5.2.1.1Page 5TL 233: 2016-10Top coatTop coat without lubricantThe organic epoxy resin coating without lubricant must contain a maximum of 5% lubricant (PTFE)by mass.Top coat with lubricantThe organic epoxy resin coating must have 25% to 30% lubricant (PTFE) by mass.Total thickness of the coating system Requirements for Ofl-t330 and Ofl-t350The minimum coating thickness is 6 µm (of which 3 µm must be the inorganic zinc flake coating).The coating thickness must not exceed a maximum of 25 µm.Requirements for Ofl-t630 and Ofl-t650The minimum coating thickness is 10 µm (of which 6 µm must be the inorganic zinc flake coating).The coating thickness must not exceed a maximum of 25 µm.ExceptionsFor threaded parts, the specifications apply only to the head, or to face surfaces and wrench bear‐ing surfaces.If more stringent corrosion protection requirements (compared to the basic requirements) areagreed to in the drawing or master data list, then greater coating thicknesses are also permissible (e.g., for spring clamps).Tests Adhesion and ductility of the coating system Cross-cut test Procedure as per DIN EN ISO 2409; requirement: characteristic value ≤ 1When performing the cross-cut test, a spacing of 1 mm must be maintained between cuts.NOTE 2: For small components or those with complex geometry, a single-blade manual cutting tool is preferred. If no cross-cut test can be performed due to the component's size or geometry, a single cut or two intersecting cuts are permissible. If even a single cut cannot be made, only the tape test as per section 4.1.2 must be carried out.Tape testA scribing line based on DIN EN ISO 17872 must be applied if the component dimensions allow for this. After this, adhesive tape with a bond strength of (10 ±1) N per 25 mm of width is used. This tape is firmly pressed by hand onto the surface and then pulled off with a sudden motion perpen‐dicular to the surface. The coating must not peel off over a large area when the tape is removed 3.5.2.1.2 3.5.33.5.3.1 3.5.3.2 3.5.3.3 44.14.1.1 4.1.2Page 6TL 233: 2016-10(particle diameter ≤ 1 mm). Small particles of the coating adhering to the tape are permissible (≤ 5% of the test surface).NOTE 3: Suitable adhesive tape for this test is, e.g., tesaband 4657 4).Ductility testThe coating must not flake off when springs are expanded or compressed as intended, or when spring washers are bent during assembly, or when spring clamps are opened to their maximum diameter.Coating thickness The coating thickness is measured using a microscopic method as per DIN EN ISO 1463 and DIN EN ISO 2064; the location of the measuring points and tolerance zone positions for threaded parts with a metric ISO thread are specified in DIN EN ISO 10683.NOTE 4: For bulk products, the edge areas constitute a weak point; a check on the existing edge coverage in the microsection is recommended.Testing corrosion properties Neutral salt spray test General informationThe neutral salt spray test must be performed as per DIN EN ISO 9227.For bolts and nuts, the test requirements apply only to the head, face surface, and/or wrench bear‐ing surfaces. For threaded parts and thread-like parts, e.g., tap-end studs, they apply to the face surfaces. Less stringent requirements apply in the threaded area. These are specified in list items1. to 4. below.1.Evaluation of coating corrosion (applicable to all surface protection types)After 120 h, coating corrosion up to a maximum degree of change S5 as per DIN 34804 is per‐missible, with and without thermal conditioning (heat aging in recirculated air) for 96 h at 180 °C.Coating corrosion is not evaluated in the area of threads.2.Evaluation of base metal corrosion for Ofl-t330 and Ofl-t350 (interior)After 240 h, no base metal corrosion and no corrosion creepage along the scribe line must oc‐cur, with and without thermal conditioning (heat aging in recirculated air) for 96 h at 180 °C.A less stringent requirement of 120 h applies in the threaded area.3.Evaluation of base metal corrosion for Ofl-t630 and Ofl-t650 (exterior)After 480 h, no base metal corrosion and no corrosion creepage along the scribe line must oc‐cur, with and without thermal conditioning (heat aging in recirculated air) for 96 h at 180 °C.A less stringent requirement of 240 h applies in the threaded area.4.Evaluation of base metal corrosion for spring clamps (Ofl-650)4.1.3 4.2 4.34.3.14.3.1.1 4)tesaband 4657 is the manufacturer's product designation, produced by tesa SE.This information is only intended for informational purposes for the users of this in-house standard. This does not signify an en‐dorsement of the mentioned product by the Volkswagen Group. Equivalent products may be used if it can be verified that they lead to the same results.Page 7TL 233: 2016-10Unless surface protection as per TL 134 5) is required, the following applies:The parts must be opened to their maximum diameter five times using spring-clamp pliers be‐fore the start of the salt spray test.For pre-opened spring clamps without a clip, the contact points for the pliers and the latching areas are exempt from the evaluation.After 720 h, no base metal corrosion and no corrosion creepage along the scribe line must oc‐cur, with and without thermal conditioning (heat aging in recirculated air) for 96 h at 180 °C.NOTE 5: For reliable fulfillment of corrosion protection specifications, a coating system with at least two base coat layers and two top coat layers is usually necessary for spring clamps.Testing in the condensation atmosphere with constant humidity (CH)Testing in the CH standard atmosphere as per DIN EN ISO 6270-2Requirement: After 240 h, there must not be any blisters or other coating detachments, and no base metal corrosion. After subsequent acclimatization for 24 h at (23 ±2) °C, the requirements specified in section 4.1 must still be met.Resistance to test media The test for resistance to test media is only required for the release of new coating systems. This test is usually carried out on coated test sheets (see table 2 for the test scope). As part of the initial sample inspection, it is also permissible to verify the resistance to test media with a certificate is‐sued by the coating material manufacturer.Testing is carried out as per the relevant part of standard series DIN EN ISO 2812. The evaluation is performed as per DIN EN ISO 4628-1. For test media and requirements, see table 2.4.3.2 4.4 5)TL 134 – Non-Electrolytically Applied Zinc Flake Coatings with Organic Coating for Increased Corrosion Protection Requirements;Requirements and TestingPage 8TL 233: 2016-10Table 25Applicable documentsThe following documents cited in this standard are necessary to its application.Some of the cited documents are translations from the German original. The translations of Ger‐man terms in such documents may differ from those used in this standard, resulting in terminologi‐cal inconsistency.Standards whose titles are given in German may be available only in German. Editions in other languages may be available from the institution issuing the standard.TL 52146Central Hydraulic System Fluid; Lubricant RequirementsTL 52185Reference Engine Oil SAE 5W-30 for Testing of Compatibility with Re‐spect to Elastomer Materials; Lubricant RequirementsTL 766Brake Fluid; Material RequirementsTL 774Ethylene-Glycol-Based Coolant Additive; Materials RequirementsTL 788Diesel Fuel; Fuel RequirementsVW 01043Multipoint Socket Profile; Drive Shape for Threaded PartsVW 01048Hexalobular Socket Profile; Drive Shape for Threaded PartsVW 01129Limit Values for Coefficients of Friction; Mechanical Fasteners with Met‐ric ISO ThreadsVW 01155Vehicle Parts; Approval of First Supply and ChangesPage 9TL 233: 2016-10 VW 11611Metric ISO Thread; Limit Dimensions with Protective Coating for MediumTolerance Class; External Threads 6gh / Internal Threads 6HVW 13750Surface Protection for Metal Parts; Surface Protection Types, Codes VW 91101Environmental Standard for Vehicles; Vehicle Parts, Materials, Operat‐ing Fluids; Avoidance of Hazardous SubstancesDIN 34804Fasteners - Change of appearance of black surfacesDIN 475-1Widths across flats for bolts, screws, valves and fittingsDIN EN 228Automotive fuels - Unleaded petrol - Requirements and test methods DIN EN ISO 10683Fasteners - Non-electrolytically applied zinc flake coatingsDIN EN ISO 1463Metallic and oxide coatings - Measurement of coating thickness - Micro‐scopical methodDIN EN ISO 17872Paints and varnishes - Guidelines for the introduction of scribe marksthrough coatings on metallic panels for corrosion testingDIN EN ISO 2064Metallic and other non-organic coatings - Definitions and conventionsconcerning the measurement of thicknessDIN EN ISO 2409Paints and varnishes - Cross-cut testDIN EN ISO 2812Parts 1 to 5: Paints and Varnishes – Determination of Resistance to Liq‐uidsDIN EN ISO 2812-3Paints and varnishes - Determination of resistance to liquids - Part 3:Method using an absorbent mediumDIN EN ISO 2812-4Paints and varnishes - Determination of resistance to liquids - Part 4:Spotting methodsDIN EN ISO 4628-1Paints and varnishes - Evaluation of degradation of coatings - Designa‐tion of quantity and size of defects, and of intensity of uniform changesin appearance - Part 1: General introduction and designation system DIN EN ISO 4757Cross recesses for screwsDIN EN ISO 6270-2Paints and varnishes - Determination of resistance to humidity - Part 2:Procedure for exposing test specimens in condensation-water atmos‐pheresDIN EN ISO 9227Corrosion tests in artificial atmospheres - Salt spray testsPage 10TL 233: 2016-10Appendix A (informative)Released surface protection systemsCoating materials will be added to appendix A when the supplier demonstrates to the person re‐sponsible in each case, by means of tested parts and inspection reports, that its coatings meet the requirements in TL 233. The Volkswagen Group reserves the right to perform counter-checks. Released protection systems are listed in attachment 1 of appendix A.。
大众汽车标准_TL_227_镀锌金属表面的油漆04.07
DIN EN 14214
汽车燃料;用于柴油机的脂肪酸 – 甲酸(FAME);技术要求和试验
方法
DIN EN ISO 2409 油漆和涂料;划格法试验
DIN EN ISO 4628-1 涂料;涂层故障评估,损伤的数量与大小,以及外观上均匀变化
强度的计值;第 1 部分:一般介绍和计值方法
DIN EN ISO 4628-2 涂料, 涂层故障评估,损伤的数量与大小,以及外观上均匀变化
3.3 母材
按图纸
3.4 镀锌
对于 Ofl – x632 = 对于 Ofl – x633 =
按 DIN EN 10152,或者 Ofl – c310,特殊情况下, Ofl – c340 按 TL 217 1) 按 DIN EN 10142,涂层重量按图纸,或者 Ofl – c330 或 Ofl – c630,按 TL 217
如果所需要的是阴极泳漆,则附加 KTL 是必要的 例如: Ofl – x632 KTL
3 技术要求
3.1 基本技术要求
首次供货和更改的批准按 VW 011 55 避免有害物质按 VW 911 01 零件在镀之后不得直接涂漆(例如从镀锌车间发送到涂漆车间),不得进行磷化处理或 其他保护层密封处理,必须满足 TL 217 标准规定的防护方法, Ofl – c310, Ofl – c340, 或者 Ofl – c330, Ofl – c630 等等,镀锌零件是否需要运输防护或存放防护,例如,涂抹 润滑油以保护表面,一定要与油漆车间进行协商,在 VW – 康采恩任一车间施漆时,运 输防护和存放防护都必须符合质量规范 QP A 001.
一次圆满的试验需要零件 8 个.
首次采用 日期
专业负责
翻译 曹哲
大众标准
大众集团标准TL 52440版本：2009.04类别编号：55121描述：聚酰胺6-GF，PA6，玻璃纤维增强，注射成型，吸管，PA6-GF30，PA6-GF35PA6，玻璃纤维增强，已完成部分材料要求2011年9月2种类型：没有附录，A 以下内容增加到2009年4月的版本中注意增加的使用限制。
不适用新设计和图纸改变之前版本由以下代替：TL 52440：:1996-01，2002-10 VW50134-PA6-7-AVW50134-PA6-8-A标准部门EKDV，1733改动与TL 52440:2002-10比较，以下内容有改动：--粘度测量取消--延伸裂缝敏感度增加--抗老化测试修改1 范围该供货技术规范（TL-德语缩写）规定了组成PA6-GF30或PA6-GF35等部件的吸管的材料要求。
2 描述关于35%玻璃纤维增强的描述例子：PA6-GF35按TL 52440-A3 要求3.1 主要要求首次供货和更改的批准按VW011 55.放射性按VW 501 80（如果图纸中有要求）抗大气腐蚀性能按VW 501 85（如果图纸中有要求）避免有害物质按VW 911 01为了全面、彻底地检验，需用5个成品部件3.2 物理特性这些成品部件的内里、外表都不得有诸如流淌线、收缩孔、裂纹之类的缺陷和加工上的缺点。
在肋条和加强处如果有缩孔，也只有在成品部件的功能未受其损害时才是容许的。
成品部件必须可以实现完美无缺的装配。
玻璃纤维受其损害时才是容许的。
成品部件必须可以实现完美无缺的装配。
玻璃纤维在材料中的分布必须十分均匀，使得成品部件在其三个不同部位上取出的试样中，相互之间玻璃纤维含量之差不大于1.0%3.3制造方法注射成型法3.4规格—TL 524 40聚酰6含增强玻璃纤维30%—TL 524 40-A 聚酰胺6含增强玻璃纤维35%3.5标记法按VDA260—TL 524 40 ＞PA6-GF30＜—TL 524 40-A ＞PA6-GF35＜3.6预处理单项试验所需要的试样，在试验之前，至少要在ISO554-23/50规定的标准气候中预处理72h3.7测试结果的评估所取得的数值要适用于成品部件每次单项测试和成品部件的任何部件。
2009年批准发布的国家标准 200911
汽车轮胎纵向和横向刚性试验方法 汽车轮胎无损检验方法 X射线法 车用甲醇汽油(M85) 道路车辆装载物固定装置 安全性 第2部分：合成纤维栓紧带总成 内燃机空气和真空系统用橡胶软管和纯胶管 规范 内燃机燃油管路用橡胶软管和纯胶管 规范 第1部分：柴油燃料 内燃机燃油管路用橡胶软管和纯胶管 规范 第2部分：汽油燃料 电动摩托车和电动轻便摩托车安全要求 电动摩托车和电动轻便摩托车 动力性能 试验方法 电动摩托车和电动轻便摩托车能量消耗率和续驶里程试验方法 电动摩托车和电动轻便摩托车通用技术条件 车用压缩天然气钢质内胆环向缠绕气瓶 汽车用压缩天然气金属内胆纤维环缠绕气瓶定期检验与评定 机动车用液化石油气钢瓶 车用压缩天然气瓶阀 内燃机冷却系统用橡胶软管和纯胶管 规范 车用柴油 危险货物包装标志 汽车座椅头枕强度要求和试验方法 乘用车内部凸出物 汽车风窗玻璃除霜和除雾系统的性能和试验方法 乘用车外部凸出物 电动汽车DC/DC变换器 专用小学生校车座椅及其车辆固定件的强度 专用小学生校车安全技术条件 校车标识 汽车涂料中有害物质限量 充气轮胎用车轮和轮辋的术语、规格代号和标志 汽车平顺性试验方法 汽车平顺性术语和定义 商用车辆车轮性能要求和试验方法 车辆车速限制系统技术要求 摩托车重心位置的测量方法 轻便摩托车重心位置的测量方法 燃料电池电动汽车 术语 燃料电池电动汽车 安全要求 汽车对行人的碰撞保护 汽车安全带提醒装置 电动汽车风窗玻璃除霜除雾系统的性能要求及试验方法 摩托车和轻便摩托车转向轮限位装置及最大转向角的技术要求和测定方法 燃料电池发动机性能试验方法 调质汽车曲轴用钢棒 标准体系表编制原则和要求 标准化工作导则 第1部分：标准的结构和编写 标准化工作指南 第2部分：采用国际标准
GB/T 7726.1-1998,GB/T 7726.21998,GB/T 7726.3-1998,GB/T 7726.4-1998,GB/T 7726.5-1998 GB/T 4759-1995
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大众汽车
集团标准TL 217
2009年8月版分类号：50241
关键字：锌；防腐保护；表面涂层
镀锌涂层
表面保护要求
旧版本
TL 217: 1976-07, 1979-05, 1980-01, 1983-02, 1986-01, 1987-06, 1988-06, 1989-11, 1991-11, 2001-07, 2002-07
变更
相对于TL217:2002-07版本作了如下变更：
---第一部分“范围”的扩展
---第3.2部分“一般要求”的修改
---表1中增加对铸铁制动卡钳的要求说明
---原表2中含Cr(VI)表面保护类型删除
---特殊规则的焊接部件介绍（见表3和表5）
---引用的文件更新和补充
---附录“传统表面保护类型”删除
1、范围
本标准规格要求不含Cr(VI)，对钢件上的电解离析镀锌层以及按VW13750标识字母“的热镀锌半成品制成的零件要求做出规定，该镀层不适宜长期在大于100℃的高温下使用。
Ofl-c340表面防护类型，必须优先使用于焊接螺栓，焊接螺钉，焊接销和焊接螺母。
注1：此标准已经扩大到包括特殊规则的焊接零件，表面防护Ofl-c340为改善焊接性能（详见表3和表5）
2.标记方法
见VW 13750第二章节
3.技术要求
3.1防护种类
适用于表1中列举的防护种类
对热镀锌半成品的要求见DINENISO1461。
a）用于制动卡钳的铸铁表面防护按Ofl-c343，进一步要求按VDA237-299,05型的涂层厚度，附着力，耐蚀性。
3.2基本技术要求
首次供货和变更的批准，按大众标准VW 01155
避免有害物质按， VW 911 01
进行一次完整的试验要求10个成品件
只要在图纸中未明确标出零件的某些地方不做表面防护，那么此零件整个表面必须遵守指定的表面保护类型及特定属性。
与此相反，连接部分层厚度必须按照DINENISO4042标准，连接部件相关的弱点，如弯曲半径或柄或螺纹区域，防腐要求在这些区域减少到2/3，这一例外不适用于轮毂螺栓。
此外，必须考虑在DINENISO4042中的关于螺纹表面电解涂层的最大厚度的说明。
对于热镀锌且涂油的半成品材料制成的零件，检验要求仅适用于锌层厚度及按DIN50018-KFW2.0S在SO2试验中的耐久性。
防护层不允许有影响防腐性能和/或外观要求的气孔，裂纹，损伤，和其他缺陷。
此外，镀层必须牢牢的附着在基体材料上，在发生较小变形时不允许剥离。
在设计和控制制造工艺时，必须注意不影响成品件的使用性能，尤其是必须保证，通过对预处理和热处理的适当选择和组合，而不会出现氢脆现象。
为避免氢脆，必须在表面处理（离析）后尽快的—但至少在4小时之内且在镀层进行其他处理之前进行所有的热处理（见DINENISO4042)
如果与我们在VW13750第 3.6条第1条中的规定相反，电解离析镀锌层用于Rm＞1000N/mm2的高强度钢零件，则这些零件必须在氰化或碱性无氰的镀液中镀锌，此特殊情况必须经测试后才可确定。
3.3用于油漆的镀锌层
对于镀锌后不马上做表面处理的半成品，其电解镀锌层（如从镀锌车间运往油漆车间）为避免上油漆的附着问题，不允许做钝化或磷化处理（Ofl-c310/c610)
对已镀锌件的必要的运输和存储保护如涂油；应与要发往的油漆厂商协商。
如在大众工厂进行油漆，运输或储存保护必须符合质量标准QPA001
此外，即使在镀层厚度较高的边角范围，镀锌层也必须具有完好的附着强度。
3.4 不含Cr(VI)的钝化层
为了改善和提高电解沉积锌镀层抗盐水和冷凝水的能力，通常采用的技术是在钝化液中做再处理。
如使用的钝化液不含Cr(VI）的化合物，由此产生的转换层也将不含Cr(VI)。
镀层厚度约为0.1um的无色和蓝色钝化处理，即薄层钝化，优先适用于车内或行李箱内的区域，在有要求的情况下，也可以附加封闭层。
通过厚层钝化处理（约0.5um）可进一步改善防腐性能。
由于其光学外观（呈彩虹色），这种方法必须密封，确保其适用于乘客可见区域。
钝化处理不应影响零件的使用性能。
当发生不确定情况时，必须咨询相关的工程部（GQL-LM/2，I/GQ-322，N/GQ-551，orI/EG-72)。
3.5密封镀层
在密封过程中，使用有机或无机材料涂覆在事先已形成或局部镀层的转换层上。
附加密封层可使涂层结构的厚度提高0.5-2.0um。
相对于未密封的镀层，密封镀层具有下列优点：
---耐蚀性提高（在不改变锌镀层厚度的条件下，使锌和基体金属出现腐蚀的时间较晚）。
--滑移性能改变（摩擦系数减少，链接元件上离散宽度变小）。
----色彩（厚层钝化的彩虹色明显减少，外观改善）。
3.6结构
3.6.1基本材料
材料按图纸要求
3.6.2 防护类型/外观
见表1
3.7镀层厚度
对于不进行再处理的镀层（如Ofl-c310 and Ofl-c610表面防护类型），可以按照DIN50018用KFW2.0S间接方式来测定镀锌层厚度，确定抗腐蚀强度（见表2）。
或者，按DINENISO1463，DINENISO2177，DINENISO2178,DINENISO2360,和DINENISO3497试验测定涂层厚度。
要求见表3
3.8附着强度
热冲击试验按DINENISO2819
试验件在（220±10）℃，存放30分钟，接着在15-25℃的水中浸泡。
3.9耐腐蚀性
在供货状态以及在120℃进行24小时的热存放后，能确保系统的抗腐蚀性，此为最低要求，任何情况下均应遵守。
3.9.1 钝化和密封
试验方法按DINENISO9227，评估按DIN50961，试验时间和要求见表4。
此测试不包含焊接螺栓，焊接螺钉，焊接销，焊接螺母。
3.9.2 镀层包含钝化和密封
试验方法按DINENISO9227，评估按DIN50961，试验时间和要求见表5.
根据DINENISO13918中表面防护Ofl-c340，为改善焊接螺栓性能可以按TL52132作密封或加润滑剂处理，但不得损害其焊接性。
4.相关参考文献
以下规范为本标准引用，若需要请具体查看。
部分标准由德文标准翻译，译文与德文原文意思可能会因理解不同而有些不同。
部分标题在德文中为专有名词，在其他译本中可能会失真。
QP A001 预润滑，热熔胶，空白洗涤油，油，润滑油（一般），符合质量要求TL 52132 要求，润滑螺纹紧固元件与电解涂层或不锈钢VW 01155 汽车配件供应，首批供货和更改的批准VW 13750 金属表面防护，防护种类，缩写名称，要求VW 91101 汽车环境标准，汽车零件，材料，工业原料；避免有害物质DIN 50018 含二氧化硫环境的冷凝水交变环境试验DIN 50961 电解镀层在铁材上的镀锌层；定义，腐蚀试验和抗腐蚀性DIN EN ISO 13918 焊接螺栓和陶瓷箍电弧焊接螺栓DIN EN ISO 1461 用热镀锌方法在钢铁板上得到的镀锌层（零件镀锌），要求和试验DIN EN ISO 1461 金属涂层和氧化物涂层，涂层厚度测量采用显微法DIN EN ISO 2177 金属涂层，涂层厚度测量；通过阳极氧化溶解的电解式电量计量法DIN EN ISO 2178 在磁性基体金属上的非磁性涂层；涂层厚度测量采用磁化法DIN EN ISO 2360在非磁性基体金属上的非导电涂层，涂层厚度的测量方法采用涡流法DIN EN ISO 2819在金属基体材料上的金属涂层，电解和化学镀层附着强度试验方法概括
DIN EN ISO 3497 在金属基体材料上的金属涂层，涂层厚度的测量采用射线光谱法DIN EN ISO 4042 连接元件，电解镀层DIN EN ISO 9227 人造气体腐蚀实验；盐雾实验
VDA 237-299 Oberflächenschutz für Bremssättel; aus Gusseisen。