考研英语翻译模拟试题及答案(一)
考研英语翻译模拟试题及答案(一)
考研英语翻译模拟试题及答案(一)Directions:Read the following passage carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation must be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)一、经济学史Economics, as we know it, is the social science concerned with the production, distribution, exchange, and consumption of goods and services. Economists focus on the way in which individuals, groups, business enterprises, and governments seek to achieve efficiently any economic objective they select. (46) Other fields of study also contribute to this knowledge: Psychology and ethics try to explain how objectives are formed, history records changes in human objectives, and sociology interprets human behavior in social contexts.Standard economics can be divided into two major fields. (47) The first, price theory or microeconomics, explains how the interplay of supply and demand in competitive markets creates a multitude of individual prices, wage rates, profit margins, and rental changes. Microeconomics assumes that people behave rationally. Consumers try to spend their income in ways that give them as much pleasure as possible. As economists say, they maximize utility. For their part, entrepreneurs seek as much profit as they can extract from their operations.The second field, macroeconomics, deals with modern explanations of national income and employment. Macroeconomics dates from the book, The General Theory of Employment, Interest, and Money (1935), by the British economist John Maynard Keynes. His explanation of prosperity and depression centers on the total or aggregate demand for goods and services by consumers, business investors, and governments, (48) Because, according to Keynes, inadequate total demand increases unemployment, the indicated cure is either more investment by businesses or more spending and consequently larger budget deficits by government.Economic issues have occupied people’s minds throughout the ages.(49) Aristotle and Plato in ancient Greece wrote about problems of wealth, property, and trade, both of whom were prejudiced against commerce, feeling that to live by trade was undesirable. The Romans borrowed their economic ideas from the Greeks and showed the same contempt for trade.(50) During the Middle Ages the economic ideas of the Roman Catholic church were expressed in the law of the church, which condemned the taking of interest for money loaned and regarded commerce as inferior to agriculture.Economics as a subject of modern study, distinguishable from moral philosophy and politics, dates from the work, Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations (1776), by the Scottish philosopher andeconomist Adam Smith. Mercantilism and physiocracy were precursors of the classical economics of Smith and his 19th-century successors.答案46.其他领域的研究也有助于对此的理解：心理学和伦理学试图解释目标是如何形成的，历史记录着人们所追求的目标的变化，社会学则从社会环境的角度来解释人们的行为。
考研英语翻译真题及答案
考研英语翻译真题及答案考研英语中的翻译部分一直是众多考生重点关注和努力攻克的对象。
通过对历年真题的研究和练习，能够让考生更好地把握命题规律，提升翻译能力。
以下为大家呈现部分考研英语翻译真题及答案，并对其进行详细的分析和讲解。
真题一：The study of law has been recognized for centuries as a basic intellectual discipline in European universities However, only in recent years has it become a feature of undergraduate programs in Canadian universities参考译文：几个世纪以来，在欧洲的大学里，对法律的研究一直被认为是一门基础的知识学科。
然而，只是在最近几年，它才成为加拿大大学本科课程的一个特色。
解析：这句话的翻译重点在于准确理解和处理一些词汇和短语。
“intellectual discipline”翻译为“知识学科”；“feature”在这里是“特色”的意思。
句子结构方面，“However, only in recent years has it become a feature of undergraduate programs in Canadian universities”是一个倒装句，正常语序为“However, it has become a feature of undergraduate programsin Canadian universities only in recent years” 翻译时要注意调整语序，以符合中文的表达习惯。
真题二：While it is easy to ignore in our contact with them the effect of our acts upon their disposition, it is not so easy as in dealing with adults参考译文：在与年轻人接触时，我们很容易忽视自己的行为对他们性格的影响，但在与成年人打交道时，就不那么容易忽视了。
考研翻译硕士模拟试题及答案「单选」
考研翻译硕士模拟试题及答案「单选」2017年考研翻译硕士模拟试题及答案「单选」12月份的主要复习任务为模拟题的练习，为了帮助考生更好地复习，以下是店铺搜索整理的一份考研翻译硕士模拟试题及答案【单选】，供参考练习，希望对大家有所帮助!想了解更多相关信息请持续关注我们店铺!1. The Chinese nation has____ many national heroes.A. brought forthB. brought forwardC. brought upD. brought about2. The ____of the priest’s sermon was that all human beings should love each other.A. brainB. questionC. essenceD. reality3. We all left the meeting convinced that the project was ____.A. fertileB. inevitableC. inherentD. feasible4. The heavy burden of the life made her ____ the old way of stealing.A. revel inB. relate toC. revert toD. revive in5. She has always ____her neighbors for the past twenty years.A. been fed up withB. been on good terms withC. got around toD. gone along with6. These books are both interesting and instructive. No wonder they___the reading public.A. appeal toB. apply toC. approve ofD. ascend to7. You must phone the police when you find any suspicious guy ____the house late at night.A. hanging outB. hanging upC. hanging roundD. hanging together8. Despite the fact that the area had been hit by the severest drought in twenty years, a(n)____ harvest was gathered in.A. desirableB. wishfulC. bumperD. ideal9. The store was ____people shopping for household wares.A. occupied byB. seized byC. invaded byD. jammed with10. That fellow____at long?distance running.A. excelsB. exceedsC. surpassesD. overtakes11. Mr. Longman____his hat when he met the teacher of his daughter on the street.A. gaveB. tippedC. raisedD. heightened12. The television station was____with calls protesting the distasteful programs.A. hatchedB. modulatedC. floodedD. prompted13. I wonder who first____the idea of bags with gas to make balloons.A. imaginedB. conceivedC. cherishedD. concealed14. Her first born is not the only one in her family who is good at handwriting; in fact, all her children ____ calligraphy.A. are fond ofB. are tired ofC. excel atD. go in for15. We note with satisfaction that all these activities have helped to___mutual understanding and friendship between our two countries.A. propelB. promoteC. strengthenD. depress16. The minibus____five people quite comfortably.A. lodgesB. grantsC. accommodatesD. drinks17. It’s a common knowledge that chalk ____ moisture from the air.A. getsB. evaporatesC. absorbsD. discards18. Having ____so many obstacles, she established her fame as a first-rate actress at last.A. removedB. surmountedC. resumedD. harnessed19. We stopped for a coffee break and____ working fifteen minutes later.A. resumed B. consumed C. presumed D. assumed20. The discontented students____by boycotting the school-cafeteria.A. rewarded B. vanishedC. groanedD. took their revenge21. She is very____ upsetting her husband, as he has a violent temper.A. tired ofB. wary ofC. keen onD. confined to22. “Are you ready?”“Why should I be ready when you are not?” she ____.A. repeatedB. retortedC. shoutedD. said23. The house had many____with her dead husband for her to be happy in it.A. conjunctions B. associations C. links D. chains24. I am not sure whether I want to take this course; I may ____for the first week to see if I like it.A. sit onB. sit inC. sit downD. sit up25. The Americans are a highly____ people. Most of them like to travel whenever they get the chance.A. mobilizedB. mobileC. changeableD. moved参考答案与解析1. 答案 A【参考译文】中华民族产生了很多民族英雄。
(2024年)考研(一)翻译部分解析及参考答案
案例二
科技类篇章翻译。科技类篇章涉及专业领域的知 识和技术，考生需具备相关背景知识，并注意专 业术语的翻译和表达。
案例四
经济类篇章翻译。经济类篇章涉及市场经济、国 际贸易、金融投资等内容，考生需注意经济术语 的准确翻译和表达。
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模拟试题与参考答案
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模拟试题一（附参考答案）
文化背景处理
在翻译过程中，考生需注意处理 中西方文化差异，避免因文化背 景不同而造成的误解或歧义。
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典型篇章翻译案例解析
案例一
政治类篇章翻译。政治类篇章通常涉及国家政治 、经济、社会等方面的内容，考生需注意政治术 语的准确翻译和表达。
案例三
文化类篇章翻译。文化类篇章涉及不同国家和地 区的文化传统、历史背景等内容，考生需注意文 化差异的处理和表达方式的转换。
分析并列连词（and, but, or等）连接的句子成分，分别进行翻译 ，再根据逻辑关系进行组合。
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复合句的处理
识别主句和从句，先翻译主句，再翻译从句。注意从句的引导词 和时态，确保译文的准确性。
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特殊句式（倒装、强调等）的应对策略
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倒装句的翻译
理解倒装结构，还原句子正常语序进 行翻译。注意保持译文与原文的语气 和语调一致。
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句子结构分析与翻译技巧
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简单句的翻译方法
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理解句子主干
确定主语、谓语和宾语，把握句子核心意思。
注意词义选择
根据上下文和语境选择合适的词义，避免歧义。
考研英语一翻译真题及答案
考研英语一翻译真题及答案考研英语一翻译真题Part CDirections：Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Within the span of a hundred years， in the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries， a tide of emigration -one of the great folk wanderings of history-swept from Europe to America. (46) This movement，driven by powerful and diverse motivations， built a nation out of a wilderness and， by its nature， shaped the character and destiny of an uncharted continent.(47) The United States is the product of two principal forces-the immigration of European peoples with their varied ideas， customs， and national characteristics and the impact of a new country which modified these traits. Of necessity， colonial America was a projection of Europe. Across the Atlantic came successive groups of Englishmen， Frenchmen，Germans， Scots， Irishmen， Dutchmen， Swedes， and many others who attempted to transplant their habits and traditions to the new world. (48) But， the force of geographic conditions peculiar to America， the interplay of the varied national groups upon one another， and the sheerdifficulty of maintaining old-world ways in a raw， new continent caused significant changes. These changes were gradual and at first scarcely visible. But the result was a new social pattern which， although it resembled European society in many ways， had a character that was distinctly American.(49)The first shiploads of immigrants bound for the territory which is now the United States crossed the Atlantic more than a hundred years after the fifteenth- and sixteenth-century explorations of North America. In the meantime， thriving Spanish colonies had been established in Mexico，the West Indies， and South America. These travelers to North America came in small， unmercifully overcrowded craft. During their six- totwelve-week voyage， they subsisted on meager rations. Many of the ships were lost in storms， many passengers died of disease， and infants rarely survived the journey. Sometimes tempests blew the vessels far off their course， and often calm brought interminable delay.To the anxious travelers the sight of the American shore brought almost inexpressible relief. Said one chronicler，“ The air at twelve leagues distance smelt as sweet as a new-blown garden.” The colonists first glimpse of the new land was a vista of dense woods. (50) The virgin forest with its richness and variety of trees was a real treasure-house which extended from Maine all the way down to Georgia in the south. Here was abundant fuel and lumber. Here was the raw material of houses and furniture， ships and potash， dyes and naval stores.考研英语一翻译真题参考答案：46.在多种强大的动机驱动下，这次运动在一片荒野上建起了一个国家，其本身塑造了一个未知大陆的性格和命运。
最新考研英语翻译模拟试题及答案解析
考研英语翻译模拟试题及答案解析(1)Any discussion of the American educational system would be less than complete if it did not mention the emphasis that many colleges and universities place upon the nonacademic, social,“extracurricular”aspect of education, often defined as personal growth. Perhaps a useful way of viewing the notion of personal growth would be to picture the very large and general term“education” as being all-embracing, including as subsets within it academic and nonacademic components.This may be one of the most difficult concepts to convey to someone who is not intimately familiar with American higher education. Few educational systems in other countries place the same emphasis on this blend of academic and personal education. The majority of colleges and universities in the United States make some attempt to integrate personal and intellectual growth in the undergraduate years. (2) If the ultimate goal of undergraduate education in America were simply to convey a set body of knowledge, the term of studies could undoubtedly be reduced. Yet the terms of studies are extended in order to give students a chance to grow and develop in other ways.Numerous opportunities are made available to students to become involved in sports, student government, musical and dramatic organizations, and countless other organized and individual activities designed to enhance one’s personal growth and provide some recreationand enjoyment outside of the classroom. (3)Experience with campus organizations and off-campus community involvement can be highly valuable in preparing international students for future leadership in their professional field upon their return home.The typical American college’s support for extracurricular activity is perhaps unique in the world, This special educational dimension, beyond the classroom and laboratory experience, does not mean that extracurricular participation is required to gain an American degree. It remains an entirely optional activity, but (4)it is noted here because Americans have traditionally viewed success in one’s role as a citizen as closely linked to a “well-rounded”life that incorporates a variety of social, athletic, and cultural activities into a person’s experience.A great many American campuses and communities have organized special extracurricular activities for students from other countries. (5) On most campuses, one can find an international club, which includes Americans, where students can get to know and learn socially from students from other countries, as well as Americans. International students are almost always invited, through organized hospitality activities, into the homes of Americans living in or outside the academic community.答案1.如果对美国教育体系的讨论未能涉及许多学院及大学教育中非学术性的、社会的及“课程外”的方面，即其对个性成长的重视，那么这种讨论就不全面。
考研英语翻译集训模拟题(学生版)
考研英语翻译集训模拟题（学生版）（1）Gandhi’s pacifism can be separated to some extent from his other teachings.(1) Its motive was religious, but he claimed also for it that it was a definitive technique, a method, capable of producing desired political results. Gandh i’s attitude was not that of most Western pacifists. Satyagraha, (2) the method Gandhi proposed and practiced, first evolved in South Africa, was a sort of non-violent warfare, a way of defeating the enemy without hurting him and without feeling or arousing hatred. It entailed such things as civil disobedience, strikes, lying down in front of railway trains, enduring police charges without running away and without hitting back, and the like. Gandhi objected to “passive resistance” as a translation of Satyagraha: in Gujarati, it seems the word means “firmness in the truth”. (3) In his early days Gandhi served as a stretcher-bearer on the British side in the Boer War, and he was prepared to do the same again in the war of 1914-1918. Even after he had completely abjured violence he was honest enough to see that in war it is usually necessary to take sides. Since his whole political life centred round a struggle for national independence, he could not and, (4) indeed, he did not take the sterile and dishonest line of pretending that in every war both sides are exactly the same and it makes no difference who wins. Nor did he, like most Western pacifists, specialize in avoiding awkward questions. In relation to the late war, one question that every pacifist had a clear obligation to answer was: “What about the Jews? Are you prepared to see them exterminated? If not, how do you propose to save them without resorting to war?” (5) I must say that I have never heard, from any Western pacifist, an honest answer to this question, though I have heard plenty of evasions, usually of the “you’re another” type. But it so happens that Gandhi was asked a somewhat similar question in 1938 and that his answer is on record in Mr. Louis Fischer’s Gandhi and Stalin. According to Mr. Fischer, Gandhi’s view was that the German Jews ought to commit collective suicide, which “would have aroused the world and the people of Germany to Hitler’s violence.”篇章分析：本文是一篇介绍甘地的和平主义的文章。
2022年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语(一)模拟卷
2022年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语(一)模拟卷（江南博哥）材料题根据下面资料，回答1-20题Decades of scientific research show that stress and anxiety are prevalent problems at work, contributing to deficits in employee morale, well-being, andproductivity.1anxiety is caused by a range of2, including issues unrelated to people's jobs, one common and3cause is something specific to the workplace: incompetent leadership.Managers and leaders have a4effect on their employees' stress and anxiety levels.5they say, feel, and do hugely influences their team's6and emotionalwell-being. And the more senior leaders are, the more people they are likely to influence—positively and7.8sadly, far too few leaders are aware that they have this power. And many are overconfident in their leadership skills,9a gap between their perceived and actual levels of10. This explains why even well-meaning bosses may inadvertently11high anxiety levels in their employees and have a12capacity to correct and improve their behavior：13you think you are leading effectively, what is the point of changing?It is for this14that leaders must pay a great deal of15to how they act and communicate. The importance of this is exacerbated during times of increased uncertainty,16we often look to leaders to guide us in the face of fear, to provide uswith17and direction, and, most of all, to give us reasons to18hopeful and optimistic.If you are a manager or a leader, it is useful to19some key psychological lessons about how your behavior—what you say, do, feel, and express—20your team, especially when you are not aware of it.1 [单选题]第（1）题选A.BecauseB.SinceC.WhileD.When正确答案：C参考解析：空格处需要填入一个连词，体现前后两个分句的逻辑关系。
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考研英语翻译模拟试题及答案(一)Directions:Read the following passage carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation must be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)一、经济学史Economics, as we know it, is the social science concerned with the production, distribution, exchange, and consumption of goods and services. Economists focus on the way in which individuals, groups, business enterprises, and governments seek to achieve efficiently any economic objective they select. (46) Other fields of study also contribute to this knowledge: Psychology and ethics try to explain how objectives are formed, history records changes in human objectives, and sociology interprets human behavior in social contexts.Standard economics can be divided into two major fields. (47) The first, price theory or microeconomics, explains how the interplay of supply and demand in competitive markets creates a multitude of individual prices, wage rates, profit margins, and rental changes. Microeconomics assumes that people behave rationally. Consumers try to spend their income in ways that give them as much pleasure as possible. As economists say, they maximize utility. For their part, entrepreneurs seek as much profit as they can extract from their operations.The second field, macroeconomics, deals with modern explanations of national income and employment. Macroeconomics dates from the book, The General Theory of Employment, Interest, and Money (1935), by the British economist John Maynard Keynes. His explanation of prosperity and depression centers on the total or aggregate demand for goods and services by consumers, business investors, and governments, (48) Because, according to Keynes, inadequate total demand increases unemployment, the indicated cure is either more investment by businesses or more spending and consequently larger budget deficits by government.Economic issues have occupied people’s minds throughout the ages.(49) Aristotle and Plato in ancient Greece wrote about problems of wealth, property, and trade, both of whom were prejudiced against commerce, feeling that to live by trade was undesirable. The Romans borrowed their economic ideas from the Greeks and showed the same contempt for trade.(50) During the Middle Ages the economic ideas of the Roman Catholic church were expressed in the law of the church, which condemned the taking of interest for money loaned and regarded commerce as inferior to agriculture.Economics as a subject of modern study, distinguishable from moral philosophy and politics, dates from the work, Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations (1776), by the Scottish philosopher andeconomist Adam Smith. Mercantilism and physiocracy were precursors of the classical economics of Smith and his 19th-century successors.答案46.其他领域的研究也有助于对此的理解：心理学和伦理学试图解释目标是如何形成的，历史记录着人们所追求的目标的变化，社会学则从社会环境的角度来解释人们的行为。
47.第一个领域，价格理论或微观经济学，解释在竞争的市场中供需间的相互作用是怎样导致了大量的个别价格、工资率、利润空间和租金的变化。
48.因为，按照凯恩斯的理论，不充分的总体需求会增加失业，建议的解决方式是企业扩大投资或政府增加开支，继而增加预算赤字。
49.古希腊的亚里士多德和柏图都在著作中谈到财富、财产和贸易问题，两人都对商业持有偏见，认为靠生意来谋生是不足取的。
50.在中世纪，罗马天主教会的经济学思想表达在其教法中，教法谴责从借贷中获利的行为，并认为商业地位劣于农业。
总体分析本文主要介绍了经济学的研究发展历史。
第一段：经济学的定义及研究对象。
第二、三段：经济学的两大领域：微观经济学和宏观经济学。
第四、五段：经济学研究的古代和现代理论。
试题精解46.[精解] 本题考核的知识点是：并列分句、后置定语。
该句子中冒号后是并列的三个简单句。
第一个分句中how引导的从句做explain的宾语;第二个和第三个分句中都有介词in的短语做后置定语，翻译时应提前。
词汇方面：contribute to意为“是……的原因;增进，有助于”;knowledge意为“知识;知晓，了解”，文中活译为“对…的理解”。
47.[精解] 本题考核的知识点是：宾语从句、状语。
句子的主干是The first explains how…。
主语后的名词短语price theory or microeconomics是其同位语，因此翻译the first时，应增译为“第一个领域”。
how引导宾语从句，其主干是the interplay … creates …。
介词短语in competitive markets做地点状语，翻译时应前置。
词汇方面：interplay意为“相互影响”;a multitude of意为“许多的，大量的”;individual意为“个别的，单独的，个人的”;margin意为“(时间、空间、金钱的)余地”，profit margin指“利润空间”。
48.[精解] 本题考核的知识点是：词性转换。
该句是包含原因状语从句的复合句,句子主干是the indicated cure is…,表语由并列连词either … or…连接。
词汇方面：indicated是过去分词用做形容词，动词indicate意为“表明，暗示，提及，建议”，根据上下文indicated译为“建议的”。
more investment，more spending和larger budget deficits是形容词比较级加名词，根据汉语习惯转换成动词加名词的搭配，即“扩大投资”、“增加开支”和“增加预算赤字”。
49.[精解] 本题考核的知识点是：定语从句、分词做状语。
主句是Aristotle and … wrote about problems …，后面接有both of whom引导的定语从句，采用拆译法单独成句。
句子最后的分词结构feeling that …在定语从句中做状语，翻译时也应单独成句，that后引导的是宾语从句，做feeling的宾语。
词汇方面：be prejudiced against意为“对…有偏见”，undesirable意为“不想要的，不得人心的”。
50.[精解] 本题考核的知识点是：非谓语动词作后置定语、定语从句。
该句含有which引导的非限定性从句做定语，翻译时拆开单独成句，并重复先行词，做从句的主语。
词汇方面：condemn意为“谴责”，taking of interest是动名词结构，可增译为“获利的行为”。
全文翻译正如大家所知道的，经济学是与生产、分配、交换和消费物品和服务相关的社会科学。
经济学家关注个人、群体、商业企业和政府试图有效地实现他们选定的任何经济目标的方式。