艺术设计专业英语翻译考试范围
【艺术类院校大学英语第二册】课文翻译及课后答案
南京艺术学院第二册英语课文翻译（1~10）第一单元你去过古玩店吗？如果你能像买家那样博学，你就有可能买到不同凡响但又很便宜的东西。
幸运的发现古玩店对许多人来说有一种特殊的魅力。
高档一点的古玩店为了防尘，把文物漂亮地陈列在玻璃柜子里，那里往往令人望而却步。
而对不太装腔作势的古玩店，无论是谁都不用壮着胆子才敢往里进。
人们还常常有希望在发霉，阴暗，杂乱无章，迷宫般的店堂里，从杂乱地摆放在地面上的，一堆堆各式各样的破烂货里找到一件稀世珍品。
无论是谁都不会一下子就发现一件珍品。
一个到处找便宜货买的人必须具有耐心，而且最重要的是看到珍品时要有鉴别珍品的能力。
要做到这一点，他至少要像古董商一样懂行。
他必须像一个专心致志进行探索的科学家一样抱有这样的希望，即终有一天，他的努力会取得丰硕的成果。
我的老朋友弗兰克哈利戴正是这样一个人。
他多次向我详细讲他如何只花50英镑便买到一位名家的杰作。
一个星期六的上午，弗兰克去了我家附近的一家古玩店。
由于他从未去过那儿，结果他发现了许多有趣的东西。
上午很快过去了，弗兰克正准备离去，突然看见地板上放着一只体积很大的货箱。
古董商告诉他那只货箱刚到不久，但他嫌麻烦不想把它打开。
经弗兰克恳求，古董商才勉强把货箱撬开了。
箱内东西令人失望。
除了一柄式样别致、雕有花纹的匕首外，货箱内装满了陶器，而且大部分都已破碎。
弗兰克轻轻地把陶器拿出箱子，突然发现在箱底有一幅微型画，画面构图与线条使他想起了一幅他所熟悉的意大利画，于是他决定将画买下来。
古董商漫不经心看了一眼那幅画，告诉弗兰克那画值50英镑。
弗兰克几乎无法掩饰自己兴奋的心情，因为他明白自己发现了一件珍品。
那幅不大的画原来是柯勒乔的一幅未被发现的杰作，价值几十万英镑。
第二单元无论是男人、女人还是儿童，都可以从他们的衣着和外表的其他方面感受到时尚的影响。
时装流行的原理时尚一直在变化和发展。
时尚的五条基本原理是识别时尚及其流行趋势的基础。
这些时尚原理保持不变。
艺术设计专业英语
How to write a research paper
❖ 1 Preliminaries for starting, continuing,and completing
a research paper ❖ 2 How to write an abstract for a research paper ❖ 3 How to prepare an introduction for a research paper ❖ 4 Method section of a research paper ❖ 5 Results section of a research paper ❖ 6 Discussion section of a research paper ❖ 7 Conclusion section of a research paper ❖ 8 References section of a research paper
English for Design Art
ZENG LI
References
1.Art English艺术类专业英语 周小儒主编，化学工业出版社，2005.1. 2.English for industrial design and art design 工业设计与艺术设计专 业核心基础英语，戴力农编著，机械工业出版社,2007.7. 3.English for art 艺术英语，王玉华主编，复旦大学出版社，2007.3. 4.设计艺术专业英语，杨正编著，武汉大学出版社，2006.1. 5.International standards for students’ writing, Brian Devlin英语论文 写作教程——基于国际标准的学术写作于发表，清华大学出版社， 2003.1. 6.How to write a research paper, 英语学术论文写作，黄国文等编著， 重庆大学出版社，2006.1. 7.如何撰写和发表科技论文，（美）罗伯特• 戴，巴巴拉• 盖斯特尔， 2007.1.
艺术设计专业英语Unit 1 Back to Basics — Understanding Color
RED is a bright, warm color that evokes strong emotions. It stimulates a faster heartbeat and breathing. Red is associated with love, warmth, passion, strength, energy, fire, sex, excitement, speed, heat, arrogance, ambition, leadership, masculinity, danger, blood, war, anger, revolution, radicalism, aggression, summer, autumn, stop, Mars (planet), respect, Aries (star sign), December.
And a hue will vary according to its brightness. This is known as thesaturation. The saturation of the hue ranges from full intensity to low intensity, from bright to grey.
Complementary colors such as red and green lie opposite each other the color wheel create a strong contrast bringing energy, vigor and excitement to any design.
Advancing and Receding Colors containing red create the illusion of advancing towards the viewer while colors that contain blue (like green or violet) seem to recede.
多媒体及艺术设计专业英语Chapter 3 Web Design
Chapter 3 Web Design本章目标设计：通过本章关于网页设计的学习，能利用已有专业知识理解本章中的英语专业文章，运用构词法与记忆技巧识记本章中的专业词汇，翻译专业词汇、句子和段落，进而为掌握专业英语其它相关专业知识打下基础。
I．能力目标：1．能利用已有专业知识理解英语专业文章；2．能完成关于网页制作相关知识的实训；3．会利用网络查找最新的网页设计技术动态；4．运用翻译技巧进行专业词汇、句子和段落翻译。
II．知识目标：1．了解网页设计的编程语言；2．分析网页设计在艺术设计中的作用；3．掌握本章中的专业词汇；4．掌握翻译技巧。
III．情感目标：1．培养专业英语学习的兴趣；2．形成良好的英语学习方法。
3.1 Internet Service FunctionTask 1: Enumerate the Web browsers we often use.Task 2: Write down what did you do with the Internet in English.Task 3: Talk about how to send out an E-mail.Task 4: Explain how to use FTP in your studying.Task 5: Contrasts FTP with the World Wide Web, then speaks out the difference between them.Once your computer enters into a connection with the Internet, you will find that you have walked into the largest repository of information. The two most popular Web browsers are Microsoft Internet Explorer and Netscape Navigator. A Web browser presents data in multimedia on Web pages that use text, graphics, sound and video.The Web pages are created with a formal language called Hypertext Markup Language (HTML). The term hypertext is used to describe an interlinked system of documents in which a user may jump from one document to another in a nonlinear way. Hyperlink makes the Internet easy to navigate. It is an object (word, phrase, or picture) on a Web page that, when clicked, transfers you to a new Web page. The Web page contains an address location known as Uniform Resource Locator (URL). When hypertext pages are mixed with other media, the result is called hypermedia.The following are the important service functions that Internet provides.1. E-mailThe most widely used tool on the Internet is electronic mail or E-mail. E-mail enables you to send messages to America, Australia and so on, no matter how far between individuals. E-mail messages are generally sent from and received by mail servers—computers that are dedicated to processing and directing E-mail. Once a server has received a message it directs it to the specific computer that the E-mail is addressed to. To send E-mail, the process is reversed. As a very convenient and inexpensive way to transmit messages, E-mail has grammatically affected scientific, personal, and business communications. In some cases, E-mail has replaced the telephone for carrying messages.2. File transferFile Transfer Protocol (FTP) is a method of transferring files from one computer to another over the Internet, even if each computer has a different operating system or storage format. FTP is designed to download files or upload files. The ability to upload and download files on it is one of the most valuable features the Internet has to offer. This is especially helpful for those people who rely on computers for various purposes and who may need software drivers and upgrades immediately. Network administrators can rarely wait even a few days to get the necessary drivers that enable their network servers to function again. The Internet can provide these files immediately by using FTP. FTP is a client-server application just like E-mail and Telnet. It requires server software running on a host that can be accessed by client software.3. The World Wide WebThe World Wide Web (WWW), which Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) works with, is the fastest growing and most widely-used part of the Internet. It provides access to multipleservices and documents as Gopher does but is more ambitious in its method. A jump to other Internet service can be triggered by a mouse click on a “hot-linked” word, image, or icon on the Web pages. One of the main reasons for the extraordinary growth of the Web is the ease in which it allows access to information. One limitation of HTTP is that you can only use it to download files, and not to upload them.4. TelnetTelnet allows an Internet user to connect to a distance computer and use that computer as if he or she were using it directly. To make a connection with a Telnet client, you must select a connection option: “Host Name” and “Terminal Type”. The host name is the IP address (DNS) of the remote computer to which you connect. The terminal type describes the type of terminal emulation that you want the computer to perform.The Internet has many new technologies, such as global chat, video conferencing, free international phone and more. The Internet becomes more and more popular in society in recent years. So we can say that Internet is your PC’s window to the rest of the world.Key Termshypertext 超文本hyperlink 超链接hypermedia 超媒体client-server 客户-服务器mail server 邮件服务器FTP(File Transfer Protocol) 文件传输协议WWW(World Wide Web) 万维网Telnet 远程登录DNS(Domain Name Server) 域名服务器video conferencing 电视会议HTML(hypertext Markup Language) 超文本链接标示语言URL(Uniform Resource Locator) 统一资源定位符IP(Internet Protocol) 互联网协议，网际协议Vocabularyrepository n.仓库，资源丰富的地方nonlinear adj.非线性的dedicate to 用做…，奉献ambitious adj.雄心的，野心的trigger v.引发，引起，触发extraordinary adj.特别的，非常的terminal n.终端emulation n.竞争，效法TrainingI. Translate the following sentences.1.Once your computer enters into a connection with the Internet, you will find that you have walked into the largest repository of information.2. E-mail messages are generally sent from and received by mail servers—computers that are dedicated to processing and directing E-mail.3. File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is a method of transferring files from one computer to another over the Internet, even if each computer has a different operating system or storage format. FTP is designed to download files or upload files.4.The World Wide Web (WWW), which Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) works with, is the fastest growing and most widely-used part of the Internet.5. Telnet allows an Internet user to connect to a distance computer and use that computer as if he or she were using it directly. To make a connection with a Telnet client, you must select a connection option: “Host Name” and “Terminal Type”.II. Write T (true) or F (false) for each statement.1. The term hypertext is used to describe an interlinked system of documents in which a user may jump from one document to another in a nonlinear way.2. It is an object (word, phrase, or picture) on a Web page that, when clicked, transfers you toa new Web page.3. E-mail messages are generally sent from and received by mail servers—computers that are dedicated to processing and directing E-mail.4. The World Wide Web (WWW), which Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) works with, is the fastest growing and most widely-used part of the Internet.III. Fill in the blanks with proper words.The Web pages are created with a formal language called ___ ___, and __ ____ makes the Internet easy to navigate. The main Internet service functions are ______, ______,______ and ______.3.2 Website DesignTask 1: Finish a website according to the knowledge you have learned, and then describe the process in English.Task 2: Write down the six step tutorial helps you develop a premier website in you own words.Task 3: Discuss the website development in group. Explain how many have you exercised in your course of dynamic website design.Task 4: How many methods have been referred to create balanced page layout in the text? Which method have you often used in your experience? Write down why you have used the method so often.Many people wish they had software to create a flashy website. But creating a great website doesn’t happen at the tips of the fingers; it happens in the depths of the brain. Outst anding websites result from extensive planning. Prior preparation saves time and avoids frustration both during page creation and when updates and additions are required. Based on recommendations by professional web designers, the 6-step design tutorial helps you develop a premier website.Website Design Steps1. Establish an identity and use it consistently on all pagesIt doesn’t mean every page looks the same, but the colors and graphics we use should be consistent throughout the website. Even before knowing the number or type of pages, or a navigation scheme, create a homepage template and three or four sub-page templates using the chosen colors and graphics in combinations that are eye-catching and carrying forth your identity.2. Determine who uses your site and their information needsSuccessful websites know who their customers are and why they visit, and they provide aresponsive and attractive display to those viewers. Customers don’t visit our site because we spend time creating it; customers deserve maximum benefit from the time they allocate to us.3. Create user-friendly navigationOn a well-planned website it’s quick and easy to get to information pages—that’s navigation. Plan navigation before pages are created. Establish a navigation plan now to ensure that viewers quickly get what they need, and that webmasters can quickly insert new pages of content.4. Page layoutTo begin layout, analyze the information to be displayed and decide how it will be most readable. Pick the template that best accommodates that display. As your templates were created, page layout may have been anticipated. There are three methods to create balanced page layout: blockquote margins, tables, and frames. Each method has pros and cons; it can be advantageous to use all three to build a website.5. Focus on textThe best websites pack essential information into well-organized and well-written text. WebPages should not, however, be too heavily texted. Surveys show that web users will not read long paragraphs of information. They prefer concise, bite-sized sections, clearly delineated so they can scan for the information they need. You should write essential content as clearly and concisely as possible with brief topic headers.6. Use graphic images to enhance, not overpowerGraphics are a special challenge for web designers, requiring balance between overuse and skimpiness. A site filled with graphic images can have charm and impact. The secret for effective graphics is to stick to the theme and identity of the website.Website Development1. Interactive Dynamic WebsitesWebsites have grown from static online to become interactive dynamic sites. This is usually achieved by the use of a database, which is linked to the WebPages to serve content on the fly. The creation of sites involves programming skills and is known as website development.2. Real Time UpdatesThis means that sites can be updated in real time. For example a Discount Travel site could show availability and prices of all their available flight packages. When a particular flight is fullybooked the site would show this. Another example of website development would be an auction site that has constantly changing prices in response to bids from auction visitors to the site.3. Database ApplicationsThere are thousands of more applications for database website development and in the near future database driven sites are going to become the norm. This is partly due to the fact that web development sites are growing larger all the time and it is unpractical to update a large site in any other way. The most common databases for website development are Access, for simple databases; SQL, for more complex databases and Oracle, for the largest, most complex jobs.4. Active Server PagesASP (Active Server Pages ) —a programming language based on server side—as the best solution to create and implement dynamic websites is introduced in 1996 by Microsoft. Active Server Pages is an open, compile-free application environment in which you can combine HTML, Scripts and reusable ActiveX server components to create dynamic and powerful Web-based business solutions.Key Termstemplate n.(=templet)样板，模板navigation n.导航webmaster n.站点管理员，网络设计师compile v.编译static adj.静态的dynamic website 动态网站real time update 实时更新database application 数据库应用程序ASP(Active Server Pages) 动态服务器页面Vocabularywebsite n.网站prior adj.优先的，在先的frustration n.挫折，挫败，受挫premier adj.首要的，第一的n.总理homepage n.主页allocate v.分配，分派layout n.布置，安排，规划，设计accommodate v.容纳，适应，供给，供应blockquote margin 块边缘frame n.框架pros and cons 优缺点concise adj.简明的，简洁的delineate v.描绘，叙述，描写auction n.拍卖v.拍卖norm n.标准，规范TrainingI. Translate the following sentences.1. Prior preparation saves time and avoids frustration both during page creation and when updates and additions are required.2. Even before knowing the number or type of pages, or a navigation scheme, create a homepage template and three or four sub-page templates using the chosen colors and graphics in combinations that are eye-catching and carrying forth your identity.3. Establish a navigation plan now to ensure that viewers quickly get what they need, and that webmasters can quickly insert new pages of content.4. There are three methods to create balanced page layout: blockquote margins, tables, and frames. Each method has pros and cons; it can be advantageous to use all three to build a website.5. They prefer concise, bite-sized sections, clearly delineated so they can scan for the information they need.6. The secret for effective graphics is to stick to the theme and identity of the website.7. Websites have grown from static online to become interactive dynamic sites.8. Another example of website development would be an auction site that has constantlychanging prices in response to bids from auction visitors to the site.9. There are thousands of more applications for database website development and in the near future database driven sites are going to become the norm.10. Active Server Pages is an open, compile-free application environment in which you can combine HTML, Scripts and reusable ActiveX server components to create dynamic and powerful Web-based business solutions.II. Fill in the blanks with proper words.1. This passage introduces 6-step website design tutorial, which includes ,, , , and.2. Nowadays the most popular language to create dynamic website is . Use some words to describe it.3.3 Five Most Common Web Design MistakesTask 1: Design a website everybody and then discuss the mistakes group by group. Then compare with the text write down your own idea about the web design mistakes.Task 2: Combine with the knowledge you have learned explain the function of counters and banners.As you’re designing your new web site,you’ll be tempted with web design ideas that could turn into fatal mistakes. Below are five of the most common mistakes to avoid at all costs...1. Too Many GraphicsHaving too many graphics (particularly large graphics),can cause your site to load entirely too slow, Visitors will get impatient and oftentimes click out of your site—never to return.SOLUTION: When possible save your graphics as GIF files rather than JPEG, Also, reduce your graphic in actual size as much as you can without distorting the graphic or picture.2. CountersA visitor counter or hits counter should not be seen on your site unless you have tremendous traffic. The reason for this is that visitors really don’t want to know which visitor they are, especially if they’re Visitor number four. There’s no benefit to your visitor,nor is there anybenefit to you. The only way showing a counter is advantageous is if you’ve had millions of visitors and wish to display the popularity of your site or would like to attract advertisers with the large numbers.Otherwise, you can use this space for a headline that leads your visitor to another part of your site.SOLUTION: Most web hosts offer web statistics that reveal daily visitors,hits, etc. This feature will let you know how many people are visiting your site without me whole world seeing the information.If you’re just starting out, make sure your web host offers this free service.3. BannersLimit your banners to the bare necessities.Why? Because banners are graphics that can slow loading time and are a turn-off for many surfers on the Internet.For most,“banner” is just another word for“ad” and they avoid clicking on them.SOLUTION: If you do have a banner or two, place the banner at the very top or bottom of your page. Or you could place a small banner in your sidebar. Most people will look at the first picture they see and then start reading below the picture, so any writing or links that are above the banner may remain unnoticed.Also, the banners on your site should be related to your product or service.Remember, everything on your site should work together to benefit your target customer.4. Scattered Web SiteWhen designing your site, make sure it has a pattern that leads your visitor. Get several people (friends or relatives) to visit your site and watch them as they navigate. Notice the places where they stop and links that they click on. Organizing your site to lead visitors is very important whether you’re leading them to buy something or just to click and go to another place in your site.SOLUTION: Make sure t hat graphics don’t get in the way of your lead. If the visitor stops in the middle of the home page to click on a graphic or banner before getting to your sales page, they may never return.5. GeneralizationThe most effective way of selling on the Internet is to personalize your web site to reach your target audience. Many web sites are general and try to reach everybody. The reality is that you can’t be everything to everybody. The business owners who are successful on the web normally have very specific products or services that target a niche market.SOLUTION: Make your site as personal as possible. As you’re writing pretend that you areface 10 face with the customer. Present your web site in such a way that the visitor feels like he just walked into a store in his hometown. Also. stay focused on your target customer (one who would be inte rested in “your” product.)These five mistakes should be avoided at all costs if you want to build an effective and successful web business.Vocabularyfatal adj.致命的，毁灭性的avoid v.避免，消除at all cost 不惜任何代价，无论如何oftentimes adv.时常地distort v.歪曲，扭曲，弄歪counter n.计数器，计算器tremendous adj.巨大的，极大的traffic n.流量，访问量headline n.大字标题host n.主机reveal v.展示，展现，揭示，暴露banner n.旗帜，横幅，标语turn off <口语>令人厌烦的事物sidebar n.边注，其他选项，工具条personalize v.使成私人的，人格化niche market 有利可图的市场TrainingI. Translate the following sentences.1. Having too many graphics (particularly large graphics),can cause your site to load entirely too slow, Visitors will get impatient and oftentimes click out of your site—never to return.2. The only way showing a counter is advantageous is if you've had millions of visitors and wish to display the popularity of your site or would like to attract advertisers with the large numbers.Otherwise, you can use this space for a headline that leads your visitor to another part ofyour site.3. Limit your banners to the bare necessities.Why? Because banners are graphics that can slow loading time and are a turn-off for many surfers on the Internet.4. If the visitor stops in the middle of the home page to click on a graphic or banner before getting to your sales page, they may never return.5. The most effective way of selling on the Internet is to personalize your web site to reach your target audience.II. Write T (true) or F (false) for each statement.1. When possible save your graphics as JPEG files rather than GIF.2. A hits counter should not be seen on your site unless you have tremendous traffic.3. Most people on the Internet are interested in banner.4. Your web site can be very general and be everything to everybody.。
艺术设计专业 英语
艺术设计专业英语Art and Design Major in EnglishIntroduction:Art and design is a field that combines creativity and technical skills to create visual and aesthetic experiences. It involves various forms of artistic expression, including painting, sculpture, graphic design, fashion design, and architecture. In this article, we will explore the importance of studying art and design as a major and its potential career opportunities.1. The Importance of Studying Art and Design:Art and design majors provide students with the opportunity to develop their creative thinking and problem-solving skills. It encourages students to think outside the box and explore innovative ideas. Through the study of art history and theory, students gain a deeper understanding of the cultural and historical context of art, which enhances their ability to create meaningful and impactful artwork.2. Skills Developed in Art and Design Major:Studying art and design equips students with a wide range of skills that are applicable in various industries. Theseskills include visual communication, critical thinking, project management, and technical skills in using different artistic mediums and tools. The ability to effectively communicate ideas visually is highly valued in fields such as advertising, marketing, and web design.3. Career Opportunities in Art and Design:Graduates with a degree in art and design have a diverse range of career options. They can work as professional artists, graphic designers, fashion designers, animators, illustrators, art directors, or curators. Many art and design majors also choose to become freelance artists or start their own creative businesses. The demand for creative professionals is increasing in industries such as advertising, film and television, publishing, and gaming. 4. The Impact of Art and Design on Society:Art and design have a significant impact on society. It has the power to inspire, provoke emotions, and challenge societal norms. Art can be used as a means of social commentary, raising awareness about important issues and advocating for change. Design plays a crucial role in shaping our daily lives, from the layout of our cities tothe functionality of our technological devices.5. The Role of Technology in Art and Design:Advancements in technology have revolutionized the field of art and design. Digital tools and software have expanded the possibilities for artistic expression and opened up new career opportunities. Artists and designers now have access to a wide range of digital mediums, such as digital painting, 3D modeling, and animation. Technology has also made it easier for artists to showcase and sell their work online, reaching a global audience.6. The Cross-Cultural Influence in Art and Design:Art and design are influenced by various cultures and traditions from around the world. Studying art and design allows students to appreciate and understand different cultural perspectives, fostering cross-cultural understanding and appreciation. This cross-cultural influence can be seen in various art movements throughout history, such as the Renaissance, Impressionism, and Cubism. Conclusion:Studying art and design as a major offers numerous benefits, including the development of creative and technical skills,a wide range of career opportunities, and the ability to make a positive impact on society. It is a field that requires passion, dedication, and continuous learning. Art and design majors have the opportunity to shape the world around them through their creativity and artistic expression.。
艺术设计专业《专业英语》课程标准
艺术设计专业《专业英语》课程标准课程名称：专业英语 Specialized English课程编号：适用专业：艺术设计（传媒艺术与公关设计）课程学时/学分：32 / 2实验（创作、制作、上机）学时/学分：审定人：开课部门：一、本课程的性质与目的课程性质：《专业英语》是艺术设计学院传媒艺术与公关设计专业的一门体现本专业的学科方向和特色的必修课程。
该课程，也是一门与社会、经济和人文的发展密切相关的综合性学科。
主要任务：专业英语的教学目的是在完成基础阶段的教学后让学生及时转入专业英语的听、说、读、写阶段。
使学生从学习性听说读写到应用性听说读写，通过一定学时的专业英语学习，巩固已经掌握的基本词汇和语法知识，提高英语应用能力，使学生能达到以英语为工具，获得专业所需要的信息，并能根据场合需要进行基本的语言交流。
二、课程讲授的主要内容1．单元主题(Recognizing the bases for marketing management)Needs wants and Demands(需求、欲望和要求)Offerings and brands(产品和品牌)2．单元主题(Assessing market orientation and customer value)Economic environment(经济环境)Demand measurement(需求测量)3．单元主题(Choosing value)Local marketing(本地市场)Brand Image Differentiation(品牌形象区分)4. 单元主题（Offering value）Why new products fail-and succeed(为什么新产品失败和成功)Customer expectations (客户期望)5. 单元主题（Delivering value）Conflict, cooperation, and competition(冲突、合作与竞争)Trends in wholesaling （批发趋势）6. 单元主题（Communicating value）Design the communications (设计沟通方式)Coordinating media (协调媒体)7. 单元主题（Review）Review (复习)8．单元主题（机动）三、课程教学的基本要求听说：能听懂课堂用语和老师用学生学过的简单英语解释词语的意义。
艺术设计专业英语
ZENG LI
References
1.Art English艺术类专业英语 周小儒主编，化学工业出版社，2005.1. 2.English for industrial design and art design 工业设计与艺术设计专 业核心基础英语，戴力农编著，机械工业出版社,2007.7. 3.English for art 艺术英语，王玉华主编，复旦大学出版社，2007.3. 4.设计艺术专业英语，杨正编著，武汉大学出版社，2006.1. 5.International standards for students’ writing, Brian Devlin英语论文 写作教程——基于国际标准的学术写作于发表，清华大学出版社， 2003.1. 6.How to write a research paper, 英语学术论文写作，黄国文等编著， 重庆大学出版社，2006.1. 7.如何撰写和发表科技论文，（美）罗伯特• 戴，巴巴拉• 盖斯特尔， 2007.1.
Preliminaries
❖ 2 focusing on a topic ❖ There are many aspects to any subject or
discipline that we study at a university.One way of breaking down a subject into a number of smaller sub-topics is to look at the subject classifications provieded by a library.
Preliminaries
❖ 4 research a we choose,how we design our research paper,
大二艺术英语知识点
大二艺术英语知识点艺术英语是艺术专业学生需要学习和掌握的一门重要学科。
掌握艺术英语的知识点可以帮助学生更好地理解和表达艺术作品、风格和理论等方面的内容。
本文将介绍大二艺术英语的一些重要知识点，以帮助学生更好地学习和应用艺术英语。
I. 艺术作品和风格在学习艺术英语时，了解不同类型的艺术作品和风格是非常重要的。
以下是一些常见的艺术作品和风格的英语表达：1. 绘画作品：- 油画（oil painting）- 水彩画（watercolor painting）- 素描（sketch）- 点彩画（pointillism）2. 雕塑作品：- 石雕（stone sculpture）- 木雕（wood sculpture）- 陶瓷雕塑（ceramic sculpture）- 金属雕塑（metal sculpture）3. 建筑风格：- 古典主义建筑（classical architecture）- 后现代主义建筑（postmodern architecture）- 新艺术运动（Art Nouveau）- 未来主义建筑（futurist architecture）II. 艺术理论和批评除了艺术作品和风格外，掌握艺术理论和艺术批评的英语表达也是非常重要的。
以下是一些常见的艺术理论和批评的英语术语：1. 艺术风格与主题：- 抽象艺术（abstract art）- 表现主义（expressionism）- 现实主义（realism）- 符号主义（symbolism）2. 艺术形式和技巧：- 立体主义（cubism）- 装饰艺术（decorative arts）- 形式主义（formalism）- 拼贴艺术（collage）3. 艺术批评和评论：- 评论家（critic）- 评价（evaluation）- 鉴赏（appreciation）- 观众反应（audience response）III. 艺术史和艺术家了解艺术史和艺术家的英语表达是学习艺术英语的关键部分。
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段落翻译1、Shopping centers provide building enclosures to enable the buying public and the retailing industry to do business. For thousands of years,these enclosures and the spaces between have been evolving as a changing reflection of the overall society,its products and delivery systems.After World War II significant programmatic changes in society broadly changed the design of shopping centers.A more affluent middle-class spread into the emerging suburbia and relied on the automobile as if it were a body part. The result was the development of the typical enclosed mall and strip center accessed only by car and located in the suburbs. 购物中心是为购物的大众和零售行业提供做生意的场所，千百年来，这些场地及其空间在不断演进，反映着整个社会的边画，包括其产品及传送系统，“二战”之后，重大的，有步骤的社会变革极大地改变了购物中心的设计，更富裕的中产阶层嵌入不断涌现的城郊居住区，并且像对待自身的一部分那样依赖汽车。
结果就是典型的封闭式商场以及只有汽车才能进入的位于城郊的下场商业街区的发展。
2、The shopping center fo the future will be viewed more as a flexible business enterprise adapting to and in competition with many other product delivery and entertainment systems and less as a relatively unchanging real estate asset.While location will still be a key to real estate,the design,merchandising,and promotion of shopping centers will become equally important.Thus,to attract paying customers,the shopping center designs of the future will reflect the demands of the customers of the future:competitive pricing and higher levels of service with convenience,entertainment,sophistication,and excitement.未来的购物中心将更多地被看作是灵活的商业企业，与许多其他的产品传送和娱乐体系相适应、相竞争，而不是一个相对来讲没有什么变化的不动产但对于不动产而言方位任是一个关键，购物中心的设计规划和营销奖同等重要。
这样，为吸引有支付能力的顾客，未来购物中心的设计将反映未来顾客的需求：有竞争力的价格、提供便利、娱乐，兼具综合性和刺激性的更高水准的服务。
3、Many people searching for personal fulfillment have found inspiration in the Arts &.Crafts Movement.The movement emphasized the importance of useful,creative work to the individual and to society as a whole.Ideas about’the simple life’.’back-to-the-land’.and self-sufficiency were part of its philosophy as were issues around healthy eating and dress reform.许多追求自我完善的人们在工艺美术运动中得到启示，这一运动从整体上强调实用的、创造性的作品对于个人各社会的重要性。
“简单生辉”、“回归土地”和自给自足的理念是其知道思想的一部分正如它们也曾是围绕健康饮食和着装改革所占开的话题。
4、Crafts education is an important legacy of the Arts & Crafts Movement.The movement emphasized the importance of creativity but also encouraged individuals to learn through practical experience.The movement invigorated the teaching of embroidery and handwriting in primary schools from the early 20th century.Craft teaching in secondary schools,art colleges and teacher training colleges was heavily influenced by the practical’hands-on’approach of the movement while craft manuals and materials produced by firms such as Dryad provided many individuals with a first-hand experience of arts and crafts.工艺教育是工艺美术运动的一份重要遗产。
这一运动强调创造性的重要，但同时也鼓励个人从实践经验中求知。
从20世纪早期开始，这一运动就倡导在初级学校中展开刺绣和书法的教学。
在中等学校、艺术院校和师资培训中展开的工艺教学在很大程度上收到该运动所提出的“动手”实践方法的影响，同事有诸如德瑞艾达公司所提供的工艺手册和相关原料也为很多个人提供了对于工艺美术的第一手经验。
句子翻译1、…even in childhood was possessed of a romantic attachment to forests and gardens and flowers and birds which,with his interest in mediaevalism,would recur in his art,his poetry,and his fiction for the rest of his life.”圣旨还在幼年时期，他对森林、花园、鲜花和鸟就有着浪漫的依恋之情，同事伴随着对中古风情的浓厚兴趣。
这些在他以后的绘画，是个和小说中都的到体现。
“此处，which指代前面所说的romantic attachment.2、Morris and his friends and acquaintances decorated the house themselves in properly mediaeval fashion,building all the furnishings,designing stained glass windows,painting murals,and weaving tapestries,and discovered that they enjoyed it.”莫里斯和他的朋友和熟人们一道依据中世纪的风格装修了这所房子，制作了全部的家具、设计了玻璃嵌花窗、绘制了壁画、编制了挂毯等，从中得到了不少的乐趣。
”building…,designing…,painting…,weaving…,一组由现在分词阴道的状语从句描述了“装修”的具体行为。
3、The Grand Hyatt Shanghai,for example,has a trio of inspirations:ttraditional Chinese,Western art deco,and contemporary design,From the exterior to the smallest interior detail,this design pays homage to tradition and changes in Chinese architecture.例如上海的凯悦大酒店的设计就受到三方面因素的影响：中国传统、西方装饰艺术和当代设计风格。
从其外观设计到室内设计的细微末节，都体现出对中国建筑传统及其变革的敬意。
4、Symbolizing good fortune,the number eight recurs as a theme-in the eight-section floor plan,the building setbacks and the 88storeys-in keeping with fengshui principles,作为好运的象征，数字8的主题一再重复--大厦低平面分为8快向内收缩，总层数共88层--遵循着风水术的定律。
5、In the reception area,a double ceiling-height glass curtain wall offers views of the western bank of Huangpu River,and the waterfront district know as the Bund,which features early 1900s architecture,在接待区，透过一道双层的与天花板同高的玻璃幕墙，可以浏览黄埔江西岸的风景和以20世纪早期建筑为特色的外滩景区。
6、A card such as this is typically on stock that is coated on one side-you print color on the coated side,black and white on the uncoated side .This allows you to strike a balance between the impact of color and the reality of budget restraints.这样的一张卡片通常只有一面套印--你可以将彩色印在这一面，另一面没有套印的只能印黑白的内容，这就使得你能在色彩效果和预算限制间求取平衡。