翻译理论与实践之汉译英讲义(Key)

第1讲汉英词汇比较与翻译练习1一、译出下列词语，注意词语的不同搭配。

1. a swarm of bees a brood of chickens a litter of pups2. a bevy of beautiful ladies a pack of houndsa team of ducks a herd of antelopes3. unfailing support proactive fiscal policymake effective use of overseas resources4. make a phone call take a taxi knit a woolen sweaterfetch water play basketball spray insecticide5. basic wage capital construction essential commodityprimary industry fundamental interest二、翻译下列句子，注意划线词语的理解。

1. The two leaders exchanged views on bilateral relations and issues of common concern.2. Party members should listen carefully to the opinions of the general public.3. They offered some suggestions for the revision of the plan.4. Everyone complained against such a practice.5. They had a dispute at the meeting.6. You should follow the doctor’s advice.7. They reached a consensus on this issue.练习2一、翻译下列各句，注意词的选择和搭配。

1. That depends upon circumstances.2. This state of affairs must be changed.3. How do matters stand with them?4. He presents all his books to the library.5. A teacher should devote himself to the casue of education.6. The committee consists of 15 members.7. Air is made up of a mixture of gases.8. Go in for rigorous training and set strict demand.二、翻译下列词组，注意词汇的搭配方式。

1. set sail2. open quotation3. the beginning of spring4. go into operation5. be taken in6. make progress7. distinguished guests 8. be on duty三、翻译下列各句，注意汉语中词汇的词义范围。

1. It rained cats and dogs (hard / heavily) three days on end (in succession / running).2. He likes talking big (talking large / talking horse/ talking tall).He likes saying big words / large words.3. They are giving the classroom a good (general / spring / through) clean(ing).4. A person like him is by no means (in no way/ on no account/ never/ not absolutely) rare.5. We should go in for industry in a big way in accordance with your suggestion.6. If you do it like that, you’ll be completely (gravely/seriously) mistaken (be absolutely wrong / make a big mistake / make a major blunder / commit a very gross error).练习3一、翻译下列句子，注意划线词语的多样性译法。

1. 尤二姐听说，笑道：“依你说，你两个已是情投意合。

竟把你许了他，岂不好？”“It sounds as if the two of you are always of one mind,” Second Sister chuckled, “How would it be if we were to betroth you to him?”2. 一面说，一面咬牙切齿的，又说道……Through clenched teeth he added, …3. 凤姐笑道：“他倒不怨我，他临死咬牙切齿，倒恨宝玉呢。

”“She bore me no grudege,” replied Xifeng. “It was Baoyu who made her grind her teeth with rage just before she died.”4. 凤姐收了怯色，反喝道：“死了罢了，有什么大惊小怪的！”But after her initial firght Xifeng put on a bold face. “If she’s dead,” she retorted, “What’s all the fuss about?”二、翻译下列句子，注意划线部分的成语。

1. The more you get, the more you want.2. It’s only natural for man to hanker for more.3. Goodness knows what they’re being so secretive about.4. She’s been creeping in here the last couple of days in a very sneaky way. Goodness knows what she’’s up to.5. Who told you to make such a fuss over nothing?6. Anything will do; don’t fuss.7. Our grandma is ill, don’t kick up such a shindy.8. When others herad this they commented, “We thought it was someone who mattered, but this isn’t worth making such a fuss about.”短文翻译练习1A Water BridgeAcross Panama runs a world-famous “water bridge”, and that is the Panama Canal. Last summer vacation I went with my parents on a sightseeing tour along it, which is still fresh in my memory.Having got to Panama City by air, we boarded a pleasure boat in the port of Balboa and sailed into the canal. The boat traveled 13 km and reached the first group of water locks. The Panama Canal is thus a “water bridge” that allows ships to cross land by the open ing and closing of water locks.W e began “getting onto the bridge”. When the boat had sailed into the lock chamber, the steel gate, 2 meters thick, 20 meters high and wide and hundreds of tons in weight, slowly closed, and water began running into the chamber, which continued for a few minutes. The boat rose with the water and advanced slowly, pulled along by power cars along both banks. Two lifts like that raised the boat 16 meters. It sailed out of the lock across a small lake and came to the second group of locks, which raised the boat another 9.5 meters. In this way, the boat, now 26 meters above sea level, had got onto the “top of the bridge”. It sailed along the main channel, which stretched 13 km between beautiful hills as steep as if cut apart with a sword and covered with green trees and colorful flowers.The boat sailed out of the gorge and into the wide Gatún Lake, with white clouds and distant hills reflected in it and pretty isles passing into and out of sight. After a leisurely journey of 38 km on the lake, the boat came to th e Gatún Locks, and there began its “descent down the bridge”. The Gatún Locks, three in number, looked like so many gigantic steps. After getting through the locks, the boat had descended to the same level as the surface of the Atlantic Ocean. The beautiful Caribbean Sea came into view as it sailed into the Limón Bay.We had come from the Pacific to the Atlantic, two great oceans separated by land but linked by the Panama Canal. The canal is 81.8 km in length and 150 to 304 m in width. Ships of 50,000 tons can pass it unimpeded all around the clock. It is truly worthy of the name of “the Bridge of the World”. Full of hearty praises am I for man’s wisdom and courage in transforming nature! I admire you, the people of Panama!The guide told us that the Panamanian people had high aspirations. On the one hand, they were working to improve the existent canal, and on the other hand, they were planning for an even longer one, which, it was estimated, would take 10 years to complete, and which would be the greatest project in man’s history. We look forward to its early completion.第2讲词法翻译的一般技巧练习1一、翻译下面的句子，注意搭配产生的假朋友。