电气工程及其自动化专业英语 Chapter 1 Fundamentals of Electric Circuits

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电气工程与自动化专业英语第一章课文翻译

电气工程与自动化专业英语第一章课文翻译

第一章第一篇sectiongTwo variables u(t) and i(t) are the most basic concepts in an electric circuit, they characterize the various relationships in an electric circuitu(t)和i(t)这两个变量是电路中最基本的两个变量,它们刻划了电路的各种关系。

Charge and CurrentThe concept of electric charge is the underlying principle for explaining all electrical phenomena. Also, the most basic quantity in an electric circuit is the electric charge. Charge is an electrical property of the atomic particles of which matter consists, measured in coulombs (C). 电荷和电流电荷的概念是用来解释所有电气现象的基本概念。

也即,电路中最基本的量是电荷。

电荷是构成物质的原子微粒的电气属性,它是以库仑为单位来度量的。

We know from elementary physics that all matter is made of fundamental building blocks known as atoms and that each atom consists of electrons, protons, and neutrons. We also know that the charge e on an electron is negative and equal in magnitude to 1.60210×10 19C, while a proton carries a positive charge of the same magnitude as the electron. The presence of equal numbers of protons and electrons leaves an atom neutrally charged. 我们从基础物理得知一切物质是由被称为原子的基本构造部分组成的,并且每个原子是由电子,质子和中子组成的。

电气工程及其自动化专业英语第一章课文翻译

电气工程及其自动化专业英语第一章课文翻译

第一章第一篇sectiongTwo variables u(t) and i(t) are the most basic concepts in an electric circuit, they characterize the various relationships in an electric circuitu(t)和i(t)这两个变量是电路中最基本的两个变量,它们刻划了电路的各种关系.Charge and CurrentThe concept of electric charge is the underlying principle for explaining all electrical phenomena. Also, the most basic quantity in an electric circuit is the electric charge。

Charge is an electrical property of the atomic particles of which matter consists, measured in coulombs (C). 电荷和电流电荷的概念是用来解释所有电气现象的基本概念.也即,电路中最基本的量是电荷。

电荷是构成物质的原子微粒的电气属性,它是以库仑为单位来度量的。

We know from elementary physics that all matter is made of fundamental building blocks known as atoms and that each atom consists of electrons, protons, and neutrons。

We also know that the charge e on an electron is negative and equal in magnitude to 1。

专业英语翻译第一章

专业英语翻译第一章

注:电气工程及其自动化专业英语翻译 1~7面班级:1002班学号:20姓名:王定瑞PART 1 FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTRIC ENGINEERINGChapter 1 Circuit Fundamentals第1部分的电气工程基础第1章电路原理Electrostatic Charges静电荷Protons and electrons are parts of atoms that make up all things in our world. The positive charge of a proton is similar to the negative charge of an electron. However, a positive charge is the opposite of a negative charge. These charges are called electrostatic charges. Each charged particle is surrounded by an electrostatic field.质子和电子部件的原子构成一切事物在我们的世界。

正电荷的质子是类似于负电荷的电子。

然而,一个正电荷的反面是一个负电荷。

这些指控被称为静电荷。

每个带电粒子周围是一个静电场。

The effect that electrostatic charges have on each other is very important. They either repel (move away) or attract (come together) each other. It is said that like charges repel and unlike charges attract.这个效应,静电指控对方是非常重要的。

他们要么排斥(离开)或吸引(一起)每个其他。

电气工程及其自动化专业 外文文献 英文文献 外文翻译 plc方面

电气工程及其自动化专业 外文文献 英文文献 外文翻译 plc方面

1、外文原文(复印件)A: Fundamentals of Single-chip MicrocomputerTh e si ng le-ch i p mi cr oc om pu ter is t he c ul mi nat i on o f bo th t h e d ev el op me nt o f th e d ig it al com p ut er an d t he int e gr at ed ci rc ui ta r gu ab ly th e t ow m os t s i gn if ic ant i nv en ti on s o f t h e 20t h c en tu ry[1].Th es e to w typ e s of a rc hi te ctu r e ar e fo un d i n s in gl e-ch ip m i cr oc om pu te r. So m e em pl oy t he sp l it p ro gr am/d ata me mo ry o f th e H a rv ar d ar ch it ect u re, sh ow n i n -5A, ot he rs fo ll ow th e ph i lo so ph y, w i de ly a da pt ed fo r g en er al-p ur pos e c om pu te rs an d m i cr op ro ce ss or s, o f m a ki ng no lo gi c al di st in ct io n b e tw ee n p ro gr am a n d da t a m em ory a s i n th e Pr in cet o n ar ch it ec tu re,sh ow n in-5A.In g en er al te r ms a s in gl e-chi p m ic ro co mp ut er i sc h ar ac te ri zed b y the i nc or po ra tio n of al l t he uni t s o f a co mp ut er i n to a s in gl e dev i ce, as s ho wn in Fi g3-5A-3.-5A-1 A Harvard type-5A. A conventional Princeton computerFig3-5A-3. Principal features of a microcomputerRead only memory (ROM).R OM i s u su al ly f or th e p er ma ne nt, n o n-vo la ti le s tor a ge o f an a pp lic a ti on s pr og ra m .M an ym i cr oc om pu te rs an d mi cr oc on tr ol le r s a re in t en de d fo r h ig h-v ol ume a p pl ic at io ns a nd h en ce t he e co nom i ca l ma nu fa ct ure of t he d ev ic es r e qu ir es t ha t the co nt en ts o f the pr og ra m me mo ry b e co mm it te dp e rm an en tl y d ur in g th e m an uf ac tu re o f c hi ps . Cl ear l y, th is im pl ie sa ri g or ou s a pp roa c h t o R OM co de d e ve lo pm en t s in ce c ha ng es ca nn otb e m ad e af te r man u fa ct ur e .T hi s d e ve lo pm en t pr oce s s ma y in vo lv e e m ul at io n us in g a s op hi st ic at ed deve lo pm en t sy st em w i th a ha rd wa re e m ul at io n ca pa bil i ty a s we ll a s th e u se of po we rf ul so ft wa re t oo ls.So me m an uf act u re rs p ro vi de ad d it io na l RO M opt i on s byi n cl ud in g i n th ei r ra ng e de vi ce s wi th (or i nt en de d fo r us e wi th) u s er pr og ra mm ab le m em or y. Th e s im p le st of th es e i s us ua ll y d ev ice w h ic h ca n op er ate in a m ic ro pr oce s so r mo de b y usi n g so me o f th e i n pu t/ou tp ut li ne s as a n ad dr es s an d da ta b us f or acc e ss in g e xt er na l m e mo ry. T hi s t ype o f d ev ic e c an b e ha ve fu nc ti on al l y a s t he si ng le c h ip mi cr oc om pu te r fr om wh ic h i t i s de ri ve d a lb eit w it h r es tr ic ted I/O an d a mo di fie d e xt er na l ci rcu i t. T he u se o f t h es e RO Ml es sd e vi ce s is c om mo n e ve n in p ro du ct io n c ir cu it s wh er e t he v ol um e do es n o t ju st if y th e d e ve lo pm en t co sts of c us to m on-ch i p RO M[2];t he re c a n st il l b e a si g ni fi ca nt s a vi ng in I/O a nd ot he r c hi ps co mp ar ed t o a c on ve nt io nal mi cr op ro ce ss or b as ed c ir cu it. M o re e xa ctr e pl ac em en t fo r RO M d ev ic es c an b e o bt ai ne d in t he f o rm o f va ri an ts w i th 'pi gg y-ba ck'EP RO M(Er as ab le p ro gr am ma bl e ROM)s oc ke ts o rd e vi ce s w it h EP ROM i ns te ad o f R OM 。

电气工程及其自动化专业英语学习简介

电气工程及其自动化专业英语学习简介

2024年6月20日
page12
2.1.2 广泛使用非谓语形式
1)动名词(gerund) ➢用动名词短语取代时间从句或简化时间陈述句
gerund phrase→ time subordinate clause ➢用动名词短语做主语 gerund phrase → subject 2)分词(participle) 过去分词短语替代被动语态Past Participle→Passive voice 现在分词短语替代主动语态Present Participle→ Active voice; 3)不定式(infinitive) 用不定式短语来替代表示目的和功能的从句或语句
cannot …too(over) You can’t be too careful. ➢ A circuit breaker operation is followed by a disconnector operation.
断路器操作要被隔离开关操作跟随。 断路器操作后要进行隔离开关操作。
2024年6月20日
system.
If possible, the open-loop control approach should be used in this system. 可能的话,这个系统应该使用开环控制方法。 2) As illustrated in Fig.1, there is a feedback element in the closed-loop
system.
As in Fig.1, there is a feedback element in the closed-loop system. 就像图1所示的那样,这个闭环系统中有一个反馈元件。
2024年6月20日

电气工程及其自动化专业外文文献英文文献外文翻译方面

电气工程及其自动化专业外文文献英文文献外文翻译方面

1、 外文原文(复印件)A: Fundamentals of Single-chip MicrocomputerT h e sin gle -ch ip mi c ro co m p u t e r is t h e cu lm in at io n of b ot h t h e d e ve lo p me nt of t h e d ig ita l co m p u t e r a n d t h e i nte g rated c ircu it a rgu ab l y t h e to w mo st s ign if i cant i nve nt i o n s of t h e 20t h c e nt u ry [1].T h ese to w t yp e s of arch ite ct u re are fo u n d in s in gle -ch ip m i cro co m p u te r. S o m e e mp l oy t h e sp l it p ro gra m /d at a m e m o r y of t h e H a r va rd arch ite ct u re , s h o wn in -5A , ot h e rs fo l lo w t h e p h i lo so p hy, wid e l y ad a p ted fo r ge n e ral -p u rp o se co m p u te rs an d m i cro p ro ce ss o rs , of m a kin g n o l o g i ca l d i st in ct i o n b et we e n p ro gra m an d d ata m e m o r y as in t h e P rin c eto n a rch ite ct u re , sh o wn in -5A.In ge n e ra l te r m s a s in g le -ch ip m ic ro co m p u t e r is ch a ra cte r ized b y t h e in co r p o rat io n of all t h e u n its of a co mp u te r into a s in gle d e vi ce , as s h o w n in F i g3-5A-3.-5A-1A Harvard type-5A. A conventional Princeton computerProgrammemory Datamemory CPU Input& Output unitmemoryCPU Input& Output unitResetInterruptsPowerFig3-5A-3. Principal features of a microcomputerRead only memory (ROM).RO M is u su a l l y fo r t h e p e r m an e nt , n o n -vo lat i le sto rage of an ap p l i cat io n s p ro g ram .M a ny m i c ro co m p u te rs a n d m i cro co nt ro l le rs are inte n d ed fo r h i gh -vo lu m e ap p l i cat io n s a n d h e n ce t h e e co n o m i cal man u fa c t u re of t h e d e vi ces re q u ires t h at t h e co nt e nts of t h e p ro gra m me mo r y b e co mm i ed p e r m a n e nt l y d u r in g t h e m a n u fa ct u re of c h ip s . C lea rl y, t h i s imp l ies a r i go ro u s ap p ro a ch to ROM co d e d e ve lo p m e nt s in ce ch an ges can n o t b e mad e af te r m an u fa ct u re .T h i s d e ve l o p m e nt p ro ces s m ay i nvo l ve e mu l at i o n u sin g a so p h ist icated d e ve lo p m e nt syste m wit h a h ard wa re e mu l at i o n capab i l it y as we ll as t h e u s e of p o we rf u l sof t war e to o l s.So m e m an u fa ct u re rs p ro vi d e ad d it i o n a l ROM o p t io n s b y in clu d in g in t h e i r ran ge d e v ic es w it h (o r inte n d ed fo r u s e wit h ) u se r p ro g ram m a b le m e mo r y. T h e s im p lest of t h e se i s u su a l l y d e v i ce wh i ch can o p e rat e in a m i cro p ro ce s so r mo d e b y u s in g s o m e of t h e in p u t /o u t p u t l in es as an ad d res s a n d d ata b u s fo r a cc es sin g exte rn a l m e m o r y. T h is t yp e o f d e vi ce can b e h ave f u n ct i o n al l y as t h e s in gle ch ip m i cro co m p u t e r f ro m wh i ch it i s d e ri ved a lb e it wit h re st r icted I/O an d a m o d if ied exte rn a l c ircu it. T h e u s e of t h e se RO M le ss d e vi ces i s co mmo n e ve n in p ro d u ct io n circu i ts wh e re t h e vo lu m e d o e s n ot ju st if y t h e d e ve lo p m e nt co sts of cu sto m o n -ch ip ROM [2];t h e re ca n st i ll b e a si gn if i cant sav in g in I/O an d o t h e r ch ip s co m pared to a External Timing components System clock Timer/ Counter Serial I/O Prarallel I/O RAM ROMCPUco nve nt io n al m i c ro p ro ces so r b ased circ u it. M o re exa ct re p l a ce m e nt fo rRO M d e v ice s can b e o b tain ed in t h e fo rm of va ria nts w it h 'p i g g y-b a c k'E P ROM(E rasab le p ro gramm ab le ROM )s o cket s o r d e v ice s w it h E P ROMin stead of ROM 。

Chapter 1 Fundamentals of Electric Circuits section 1-4 Kirchhoff’s Laws 电气工程及其自动化专业英

Chapter  1  Fundamentals of Electric Circuits section 1-4 Kirchhoff’s Laws 电气工程及其自动化专业英
to going around a loop clockwise or counterclockwise?
Exercises
III. Translate the following into Chinese
If a circuit has two or more independent sources, one way to determine the value of a specific variable (voltage or current) is to use nodal or mesh analysis. Another way is to determine the contribution of each independent source to the variable and then add them up. The latter approach is known as the superposition. The superposition principle states that the voltage across (or current through) an element in a linear circuit is the algebraic sum of the voltages across (or currents
(1-15)
Section4 Kirchhoff’s Laws
An alternative form of KCL: The sum of the currents entering a node is equal to the sum of the currents leaving the node.
Since current i1, i3, i4 are entering the node, while currents i2, and i5 are leaving it. By rearranging the Eq.(114), we get

电气工程及其自动化专业英语第一章第五节

电气工程及其自动化专业英语第一章第五节

电气工程及其自动化专业英语第一章第五节第一篇:电气工程及其自动化专业英语第一章第五节第五节基本分析方法在已经了解了电路理论的基本理论(欧姆定律和基尔荷夫定律)之后,我们准备应用这些定律导出电路分析的两个很有用的方法:节点分析法以及网孔分析法。

前者基于基尔荷夫电流定律(KCL)的有序应用,后者基于基尔荷夫电压定律(KVL)的有序应用。

根据这一节所导出的这两种方法,我们就能够通过列出一套有关方程然后求解所需的电压和电流来分析几乎任何电路。

求解联立方程的一种方法涉及克莱姆法则,这个法则使我们可以把电路变量当作行列式系数来计算。

节点分析法对于很多网络来说,选择节点电压(作为电路变量)是一个很方便的做法。

由于电压被定义为存在于两个节点之间的电压,所以我们可以方便地选择网络中的一个节点作为参考节点或基准节点,然后和其它节点的电压或电位差相联系。

每个非参考节点的电压相对于参考节点来说被定义为该节点电压。

通常的做法是选择极性时使节点的电压相对于参考节点为正。

对于一个包含有N个节点的电路而言,将会有N-1个节点电压,当然,如果存在电压源的话,他们中的一些可能是已知的。

我们通常选择那个连接有最多条支路的节点作为参考节点。

许多实际的电路是建立在金属底版或底盘上,并且通常有很多个元件连接到底盘上,然后这个底盘通常接地。

这个底盘于是就可以被称为地,并在逻辑上被选作参考节点。

由于这个原因,参考节点通常指地。

于是,参考节点的电位就是地电位或零电位,其它节点可以被认为是处于零电位之上的某个电位。

应用KCL我们将得到与节点电压有关的方程式。

显然,连接有很多元件的节点被选为参考节点时,将结果方程进行简化是可以做到的。

然而,我们应该知道,这并不是选择参考节点时的唯一标准,但它通常是最常用的标准。

在图1-15所示的网络中,存在有3个节点,数目如图所示。

由于有4条支路连接到节点3,所以我们把它选作参考节点,用所示的连地符号来标明。

节点1和节点3之间的电压表明为u1,而u2定义为节点2和参考节点之间的电压。

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Section1 Current and Voltage
flow as the movement of positive charges, that is, opposite to the flow of negative charges, as Fig.l-1 illustrates. This convention was introduced by Benjamin Franklin (l706 ~ l790), the American scientist and inventor. Although we now know that current in metallic conductors is due to negatively charged electrons, we will follow the universally accepted convention that current is the net flow of positive charges. Thus, Electric current is the time rate of charge, measured in amperes (A). Mathematically, the relationship among current i, charge q, and time t is
Section1 Current and Voltage
i
The charge transferred between time t0 and t is obtained by integrating both sides of Eq. (1-1). We obtain t
dq dt
(1-1)

q idt
Section 1 Current and Voltage
Text
New Words and Expressions
Exercises
End
Section1 Current and Voltage
Two variables u(t) and i(t) are the most basic concepts in an electric circuit, they characterize the various relationships in an electric circuit. Charge and Current The concept of electric charge is the underlying principle for explaining all electrical phenomena. Also, the most basic quantity in an electric circuit is the electric charge. Charge is an electrical property of the atomic particles of which matter consists, measured in coulombs (C).
Section1 Current and Voltage
We consider the flow of electric charges. A unique feature of electric charge or electricity is the fact that it is mobile; that is, it can be transferred from one place to another, where it can be converted to another form of energy. When a conducting wire is connected to a battery (a source of electromotive force), the charges are compelled to move; positive charges move in one direction while negative charges move in the opposite direction. This motion of charges creates electric current. It is conventional to take the current
t0
(1-2)
The way we define current as i in Eq. (1-l) suggests that current need not be a constant-valued function, charge can vary with time in several ways that may be represented by different kinds of mathematical functions.
Section1 Current and Voltage
We know from elementary physics that all matter is made of fundamental building blocks known as atoms and that each atom consists of electrons, protons, and neutrons. We also know that the charge e on an electron is negative and equal in magnitude to 1.60210×1019C, while a proton carries a positive charge of the same magnitude as the electron. The presence of equal numbers of protons and electrons leaves an atom neutrally charged.
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