考博英语词汇语法练习题(附答案详解)
考博士英语试题及答案
考博士英语试题及答案一、词汇和语法（共20分，每题2分）1. The word "innovate" is most closely related to which of the following?A. CreateB. ImitateC. DuplicateD. Annihilate答案：A2. Which sentence is grammatically correct?A. She has been working here since she graduated.B. She has been working here since she graduated from university.C. She has been working here since she graduated university.D. She has been working here since she was graduated.答案：B3. The correct usage of the word "subsequent" is demonstrated in which sentence?A. The subsequent event was unexpected.B. The subsequent events were unexpected.C. The subsequent event was not expected.D. The subsequent events were not expected.答案：B4. What is the antonym of "abundant"?A. ScarceB. AbundantC. PlentifulD. Ample答案：A5. The phrase "at the mercy of" means:A. To be in a position of power.B. To be controlled by someone or something.C. To show mercy to someone.D. To be in a state of uncertainty.答案：B...二、阅读理解（共30分，每篇阅读5题，每题2分）Passage 1[文章内容略]6. What is the main idea of the passage?A. [选项A]B. [选项B]C. [选项C]D. [选项D]答案：[正确答案]7. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?A. [选项A]B. [选项B]C. [选项C]D. [选项D]答案：[正确答案]8. The author's attitude towards the subject can be best described as:A. SkepticalB. OptimisticC. NeutralD. Pessimistic答案：[正确答案]9. What does the term "paradigm shift" refer to in the context of the passage?A. [选项A]B. [选项B]C. [选项C]D. [选项D]答案：[正确答案]10. What conclusion can be drawn from the passage?A. [选项A]B. [选项B]C. [选项C]D. [选项D]答案：[正确答案][其他Passage及问题略]三、完形填空（共20分，每题2分）[文章内容略]11. The blank [ ] should be filled with:A. [选项A]B. [选项B]C. [选项C]D. [选项D]答案：[正确答案]12. The word that best completes the sentence is:A. [选项A]B. [选项B]C. [选项C]D. [选项D]答案：[正确答案]...四、翻译（共20分，每题5分）13. Translate the following sentence into English: [中文句子]答案：[英文翻译]14. Translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: [英文句子]答案：[中文翻译]...五、写作（共10分）15. Write an essay of about 300 words on the topic "The Impact of Technology on Education".[写作指导略][学生作文略]注意：以上试题及答案仅为示例，实际考试内容会有所不同。
考博英语(语法)练习试卷10(题后含答案及解析)
考博英语（语法）练习试卷10(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. GrammarGrammar1．Britain hopes of a gold medal in the Olympic Games suffered ______ yesterday, when Hunter failed to qualify during preliminary session.A．a severe set-backB．sharp set-backC．a severe blown-upD．sharp blown-up正确答案：A解析：severe严峻的，严厉的，剧烈的；set—back阻碍，使挫折；sharp明显的，急剧的；blown—up放大的，膨胀的。
根据句意，应选择A。
知识模块：语法2．The concept of internet, ______ has intrigued scientists since the mid-20th century.A．the transmission of images, sounds and messages over distancesB．transmitting of images, sounds and messages along distancesC．to transmit images, sounds and messages on distanceD．the transmissibility of images, sounds and messages for distances正确答案：A解析：依据题干意思，the concept of internet与空缺处属于同位语，空缺处的意思是远距离传送图像、声音和信息，所以选A，over distance意思是“远距离地”。
知识模块：语法3．What______about that article in the newspaper was that its writer showed all attitude cool enough, professional enough and, therefore, cruel enough when facing that tragedy.A．worked me outB．knocked me outC．brought me upD．put me forward正确答案：B解析：各选项的意思是：work out设计出，计算出，解决；knock sb．out 俚语，表示令人钦佩的；bring sb．up把某人抚养大；put forward提出。
考博英语(词汇)练习试卷13(题后含答案及解析)
考博英语（词汇）练习试卷13(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. Structure and V ocabularyStructure and V ocabulary1．The tenant left nothing behind except some______of paper, cloth, etc.A．sheetsB．scrapsC．pagesD．slices正确答案：B解析：sheet和page通常不与cloth搭配；而slice则不能修饰paper和cloth；scrap表示“小片，小块，碎屑”。
所以，本题选B。
知识模块：词汇2．The medicine is on sale everywhere. You can get it at______chemist’s.A．eachB．someC．certainD．any正确答案：D解析：句意隐含了对D项any的选择。
知识模块：词汇3．You cannot be______careful when you drive a car.A．veryB．soC．tooD．enough正确答案：C解析：cannot be too careful构成特殊用法，意为“无论多么小心都不为过”。
知识模块：词汇4．In general, the amount that a student spends for housing should be held to one-fifth of the______total for living expenses.A．acceptableB．advisableC．availableD．applicable正确答案：B解析：四个选项的意思分别为：A项“可接受的”；B项“可取的，明智的”；C项“可取的，适当的，贤明的”；D项“能应用的，合适的，适用的”知识模块：词汇5．Every man in this country has the right to live where he wants to,______the color of his skin.A．with the exception ofB．in the light ofC．by virtue ofD．regardless of正确答案：D解析：四个选项的意思分别为；A项“除……以外”；B项“根据，依据”；C项“依靠，凭借，由于”；D项“不顾，不管”。
考博英语(语法)练习试卷3(题后含答案及解析)
考博英语（语法）练习试卷3(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. GrammarGrammar1．He is not under arrest, ______any restriction on him.A．or the police have placedB．or have the police placedC．nor the police have placedD．nor have the police placed正确答案：D解析：在英语句子中，当nor放在句首时，要用部分倒装，即将表示完成时的助动词have提前。
所以，答案是D。
知识模块：语法2．He was______to tell the truth even to his closest friend.A．too much of a cowardB．too much the cowardC．a coward enoughD．enough of a coward正确答案：A解析：在这个句子中，出现了“too…to…”，其意思是：太……而不能……，所以，答案是A。
知识模块：语法3．Our new firm______for a credible, aggressive individual with great skills to fill this position.A．have lookedB．are lookingC．is lookingD．look正确答案：C解析：“firm”是单数形式，后面的谓语动词相应地使用单数形式，所以，选择C项。
知识模块：语法4．Many of the fads of the 1970s______as today’s latest fashions.A．are being revivedB．is revisedC．are revokedD．is being reviled正确答案：A解析：各选项的意思是：revived复活，再生。
考博英语(词汇)练习试卷20(题后含答案及解析)
考博英语（词汇）练习试卷20(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. Structure and V ocabularyStructure and V ocabulary1．A rapid portfolio turnover rate may preclude low long-term capital gains.A．prohibitB．lagC．preventD．reject正确答案：C解析：本题中，preclude的意思是“排除”。
C项prevent“防止”符合题意，如：It is the job of the police to prevent crime．(防止犯罪是警察的职责。
)其他三项prohibit“禁止”，lag“落后于”，reject“拒绝”都不正确。
知识模块：词汇2．For a particular reason, he wanted the information to be treated as______.A．assuredB．reservedC．intimateD．confidential正确答案：D解析：四个选项的含义分别是：assured确实的，确定的；reserved包租的，保留的；intimate(关系)亲密的，密切的，私人的；confidential机密的，秘密的。
根据题意，应选D，treat sth．confidential对某事保密。
句意：因特殊的原因，他希望这个信息被保密。
知识模块：词汇3．The question of salary increase will______at the next general meeting.A．come offB．come upC．come toD．come through正确答案：B解析：A项come off表示“离开”，B项come up表示“被提出”，C项come to表示“苏醒，共计”，D项come through表示“经历，完成”。
考博英语(词汇)练习试卷1(题后含答案及解析)
考博英语（词汇）练习试卷1(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. Structure and V ocabularyStructure and V ocabulary1．A child hears his mother tongue spoken from morning till night in its ______form.A．correctB．accurateC．genuineD．perfect正确答案：C解析：各项的意思是：correct正确的，合适的：accurate精确的，准确的；genuine纯正的；perfect完美的，完善的。
根据句意判断，答案是C。
知识模块：词汇2．The first few months of the year I had dreaded the ringing of the telephone, because I knew it meant another______decision to be made.A．criticalB．plentifulC．decentD．massive正确答案：A解析：各项的意思是：critical决定性的，关键性的，批评的，批判的，be critical about对某事爱挑剔；plentiful丰富的，大量的；decent正派的，令人满意的；massive可观的，巨大的。
根据句意判断，答案为A。
知识模块：词汇3．In protest, blacks and______whites sat at the counters of these restaurants and refused to move until they were served.A．sensibleB．indifferentC．influentialD．sympathetic正确答案：D解析：各项的意思是：sensible明智的，合情理的；indifferent不关心的，中立的，be indifferent to对……漠不关心；influential有影响的，有权势的；sympathetic赞同的，支持的，be／feel sympathetic toward对……表示同情。
考博英语(语法)练习试卷1(题后含答案及解析)
考博英语（语法）练习试卷1(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. GrammarGrammar1．Euthanasia is a practice of mercifully ending a person’s life in order to______the person from an incurable disease and intolerable suffering.A．liberateB．confineC．releaseD．apprehend正确答案：A解析：各项的意思是：liberate解放，解脱；confine限制；release释放；apprehend 逮捕。
句意：安乐死是一种可使病人从不可医治的绝症和不可忍受的痛苦中解脱出来的结束生命的方法。
表达解脱、解放层面的意思时，A项合适。
知识模块：语法2．There are several possible explanations for the greater job ______ in Japan in contrast to the great job mobility in the United States.A．sensitivityB．creativityC．stabilityD．security正确答案：C解析：各项的意思是：sensitivity敏感性；creativity创造性；stability稳定性；security安全性。
流动性的反义词是稳定性，故选C。
知识模块：语法3．Although he was not caught cheating on the exam, the feeling of guilt______over and over again.A．ascendedB．conqueredC．securedD．recurred正确答案：D解析：各项的意思是：ascend追溯，上升；conquer克服；secure使牢固；recur 重新回忆起。
考博英语(词汇)练习试卷10(题后含答案及解析)
考博英语（词汇）练习试卷10(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. Structure and V ocabularyStructure and V ocabulary1．Being colour-blind, Sally can’t make a______between red and green.A．differenceB．distinctionC．comparisonD．division正确答案：B解析：make／draw a distinction between是固定搭配，表示“对……加以区别”，B为正确答案。
make a difference between(区别对待)和make a comparison between (把……加以比较)均不符合题意。
知识模块：词汇2．You must insist that students give a truthful answer______with the reality of their world.A．relevantB．simultaneousC．consistentD．practical正确答案：C解析：从句意上分析，consistent with表示“与……一致的”，符合题意，如：This statement is not consistent with what you said at yesterday’s meeting．(这个说法与你昨天会上的发言不相符。
) 知识模块：词汇3．In order to raise money, Aunt Nicola had to______with some of her most treasured possessions.A．divideB．separateC．partD．abandon正确答案：C解析：A、B、D均为及物动词，后不跟介词。
part with除表示“跟……分手”外，还指“放弃，丧失，卖掉，辞退”。
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考博英语词汇语法题考前恶补、全真模拟试题1. Although ______ Spanish, he attended the course.A. he was knowingB. he is knowingC. having a knowledge ofD. knows2. You ______th at letter to James. However, you didn’t.A. ought to writeB. ought to have writtenC. should writeD. should be writing3. Joseph was very lucky ______ with his life; he almost did not get out of the room.A. to escapeB. to have escapedC. to escapingD. to be escaping4. Bread and butter ______liked by Westerners.A. isB. areC. wereD. be5. The back garden of our house contains a lawn, ______very pleasant to sit on in summer.A. which isB. which it isC. it isD. where it is6. He set up in business ______ his own and was very successful.A. inB. ofC. onD. by7. John’s score on the test is the highest in the class; he ______last night.A. must studyB. should have studiedC. must have studiedD. is sure to study8. Frank almost never received any education, ______?A. would heB. did heC. didn’t heD. wouldn’t he9. Even if his letter ______ tomorrow, it ______too late to do anything.A. will arrive...isB. should arrive...wereC. arrives...will beD. arrives...would be10. We can hear ______from the back of the room.A. just as goodB. just as easyC. just as wellD. easily as well11. To obtain a satisfactory result, one must apply two ______of paint on a clean surface.A. coatsB. levelsC. timesD. courses12. The small mountain village was ______ by the snow for more than one month.A. cut backB. cut outC. cut offD. cut away13. Miss Green was ______ $100 for driving after drinking.A. finedB. chargedC. punishedD. posed14. Modern ______ perhaps causes more problems than it solves.A. techniqueB. technologyC. tacticsD. tendency15. Mary tiptoed over and took the clock away because she hated to hear it ______ when she was trying to go to sleep.A. soundingB. ringingC. tickingD. humming16. Under this ______ pressure some of the rocks even became liquid.A. intensiveB. weightyC. intenseD. bulky17. Of course, most immigrants did not get rich overnight, but the ______of them were eventually able to improve upon their former standard of living.A. maximumB. minorityC. majorityD. minimum18. Nancy was surprised that they have ______. They seemed to be a happy couple.A. split upB. broken downC. fallen throughD. knocked out19. The beach is in an ideal ______ to draw tourists.A. conditionB. situationC. stateD. publicity20. Our ______ sensitivity decreases with age. By age60, most people have lost 40 percent of their ability to smell and 50 percent of their taste buds.A. sensibleB. senselessC. sensitiveD. sensory21. The eldest child is thoroughly ______ because they always give him whatever he wants.A. wastedB. spoiledC. destroyedD. uneducated22. If a substance is dissolved in water or heated, it may ______ a gas.A. give intoB. give overC. give offD. give away23. His manner was so pleasant that Bolla felt at ______ with him at once.A. peaceB. largeC. easeD. best24. —Can you take the day off tomorrow?—Well, I’ll have to get ______ from my boss.A. permissionB. permitC. allowanceD. possession25. The ______in Janet’s c haracter has hindered her from advancement in her career.A. weaknessB. meritC. defectD. shortcoming您的得分率为：/ 25试题答案与解析1. C) 【句意】虽然只懂一点西班牙语，但他还是参加了这个课程的学习。
【难点】know是静态动词，不能用于进行时；选knows从句中又缺少主语。
knowledge作“知识”讲时是不可数名词，但作“了解”讲时，前面可加“a”，常用于词组have a knowledge of中，所以选C)。
2. B) 【句意】你本应该给詹姆斯写信，然而，你没写。
【难点】ought to have written是虚拟语气，与本句句意相符。
3. B) 【句意】约瑟夫幸运地逃了性命；他险些没从房间里逃出来。
【难点】to have escaped 是不定式的完成式，表示过去的某一动作业已完成。
4. A) 【句意】黄油面包受西方人青睐。
【难点】bread and butter 是西方人吃的一种食品，虽然有三个字，表达的却是一个东西，并且是不可数名词，作单数。
5. A) 【句意】我家的后花园有一片草坪，夏天坐在上面会令你心旷神怡。
【难点】which引出非限制性定语从句，在句中作主语，且和sit on 构成动宾关系。
类似的句子有：This room is comfortable to live in 这句中live in 和this room构成动宾关系。
6. C) 【句意】他独自一人开始经商，并且做得很成功。
【难点】on one’s own 是个常用的介词词组，意为“独自”；of one’s own表示“某人自己的(东西)”，如：I have a flat of my own.我自己有套房子。
7. C) 【句意】约翰的考试分数全班最高；他昨天晚上一定学习了。
【难点】表示对过去某一动作行为的猜测须要用must have done这一句型结构。
8. B) 【句意】弗兰克几乎从未受过任何教育，是不是?【难点】这是一句含有否定副词never的一般过去时的句子，由于主句为否定形式，所以反意问句用肯定形式。
9. C) 【句意】即使他的信明天到也无济于事了。
【难点】在条件句中表示现在将来的时间，需要用一般现在时，主句中使用将来时。
10. C) 【句意】我们在房间的后面也能听得很清楚。
【难点】as well意为“(程度)同样地好”，是副词短语修饰动词hear；just表示程度，意为“刚好”。
11. A) 【句意】为获得一个满意的结果，你必须在一个干净的表面上涂两层油漆。
【难点】coat意为“覆盖物，层”;level意为“(建筑物)楼层”;times意为“次，回”;courses意为“(一层)砖面；一排”。
12. C) 【句意】这个小山村被大雪封住达一个多月。
【难点】cut back意为“削减；缩减”;cut out意为“停止；切下”;cut off意为“切断；使隔断”;cut away意为“切除；砍掉”。
13. A) 【句意】格林小姐因酒后驾车被罚100美元。
【难点】fine意为“处…以罚金”;charge意为“要(价)，收(费)，要(人)支付(钱)”;punish意为“罚，惩罚”;pose意为“造成，引起(困难)”。