毕业设计论文_年产1.5万吨特色果蔬汁工厂设计

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正文:年产万吨的苹果汁工厂设计

正文:年产万吨的苹果汁工厂设计

1引言1.1苹果概述苹果,别名频婆。

原产于欧洲中部和东南部、中亚细亚以及我国新疆一带。

在欧洲,苹果是最古老的果树之一,早在公元前2000以前就已人工栽培。

在哥伦布发现新大陆之后,欧洲的移民把苹果传到了美国。

在东方,日本在明治维新时代引进苹果栽培技术。

此后,苹果又相继传入了欧洲、澳洲、非洲。

从18世纪以来,人们不断的改进苹果的品种以追求更好的品质。

在我国,根据晋代郭义恭的《广志》以及后魏贾思勰的《齐民要术》记载,苹果在我国已经有2000多年的栽培历史。

目前,在我国各个苹果产区作为经济作物栽培的苹果品种还几乎都是从国外引进的,统称为西洋苹果。

我国开始引进西洋苹果是在1870年,栽培历史仅100年左右[1]。

1.2苹果汁的历史,现状和发展趋势苹果汁的加工距今已有一百多年的历史。

大规模的工业化生产约在1930年,始于欧洲和美国,北美的苹果汁工业化生产大约始于1937年。

我国的苹果汁生产近年已初具规模,国内不少企业从意大利、德国、瑞典和美国引进现代化的苹果汁生产线,也有许多企业采用国产化苹果汁生产线。

国产化苹果汁生产线采用了先进的生产工艺,所用设备全部选用国产设备,大幅度降低了投资成本,配件供应及时,设备维修方便,费用低[2]。

由于近年来随着经济的发展,果汁逐渐取代碳酸型的饮料成为了人们日常的饮品,苹果汁作为产量较大的果汁品种,有很大的发展前景。

另外目前我国苹果鲜销市场已出现卖苹果难的问题,发展苹果加工业是解决卖果难的一条重要途径。

苹果可以加工成许多产品,但以果汁最受欢迎。

市场上销售的苹果汁主要以清汁为主,而且大都是由浓缩汁加水还原而成。

在苹果清汁或浓缩汁生产中,澄清过程都需添加果胶酶分解果汁中的果胶及添加一些澄清剂如明胶,不仅生产工艺复杂,而且延长了加工时间,如处理不当会影响产品的风味,营养成分被破坏,同时苹果中的果胶作为一种膳食纤维没有被利用。

随着消费者健康意识的增强,纯天然、营养、新鲜、保持水果原味的浑浊型果汁为消费者崇尚。

年产15万吨特色果蔬汁工厂设计

年产15万吨特色果蔬汁工厂设计

特色果蔬汁工厂的设计是根据年产1.5万吨的产能来进行规划和布局的。

本文将围绕工厂的建筑设计、设备配置、生产流程和质量控制等方面展开,总字数预计在1200字以上。

一、工厂建筑设计特色果蔬汁工厂的建筑设计应考虑到生产流程的合理布局和人员活动的便利。

工厂建筑面积应能容纳生产线、储存区、办公区和辅助设施等。

建筑结构宜选择钢结构或混凝土结构,以保证工厂的稳定性和耐用性。

此外,还应考虑到防火、防雷以及环境保护等方面的要求。

二、设备配置特色果蔬汁工厂的设备配置是保证生产效率和产品质量的重要因素。

主要设备包括原料处理设备(如洗净机、去皮机等)、榨汁设备(如果蔬榨汁机、搅拌机等)、浓缩设备(如真空浓缩机、蒸发装置等)、杀菌设备(如超高温短时间杀菌机、紫外线杀菌设备等)以及包装设备(如灌装机、贴标机等)。

设备配置应符合生产需求,并具备扩展性以适应未来的产能需求。

三、生产流程特色果蔬汁的生产流程一般包括原料的清洗、切割、榨汁、浓缩、杀菌、包装等环节。

具体生产流程可分为以下几个步骤:1.原料清洗:将果蔬原料进行清洗,去除表面的污物和杂质。

2.原料切割:将清洗好的果蔬切割成适合榨汁的大小。

3.榨汁:将切割好的果蔬放入果蔬榨汁机中进行榨汁。

4.浓缩:将榨汁得到的液体进行浓缩,以减少体积和延长保质期。

5.杀菌:将浓缩后的果蔬汁进行杀菌处理,以保证产品的卫生安全。

7.储存:将包装好的果蔬汁放入储存区进行存放,等待发货。

四、质量控制特色果蔬汁工厂的质量控制是保证产品质量的关键措施。

质量控制包括从原料选择到生产环节的监控,以及最终产品的检测和评估。

在生产环节中,应对原料的质量进行检验和选择,确保其符合生产标准。

同时,对生产过程进行监控,如控制榨汁温度、浓缩时间、杀菌时间等,以保证产品质量和安全。

最终产品需要进行检测,包括外观检查、营养成分检测、微生物检测等,以确保产品合格。

综上所述,设计年产1.5万吨特色果蔬汁工厂需要考虑到工厂建筑的布局和结构、设备的配置和生产流程的设计,同时要注重质量控制。

年产1500吨澄清浓缩苹果汁工厂设计

年产1500吨澄清浓缩苹果汁工厂设计

年产1500吨澄清浓缩苹果汁工厂设计1项目论证1.1 设计可行性我国是世界水果生产第一大国,不管是从种植规模还是产量都居世界领先地位。

除此以外,我国水果在品种资源,成本价格和市场区位也具有明显的比较优势。

因此,大力发展果品深加工,对于调整农业产品结构,提高农产品加工转化能力和附加值,增强我国农产品的国际竞争力,促进农村经济与社会的可持续发展,具有十分重要的战略意义。

果品加工业的发展已成为事关我国农业全局和长远可持续发展的战略制高点。

1.2 设计原料需求制作果汁的苹果要求较高的酸度,高糖高酸最为理想,且出汁率要高,单宁含量要低。

我国用于果汁加工用鲜食品种主要有红富士,秦冠,黄元帅,国光等。

本设计选用黄元帅苹果,原因为黄元帅是目前山东,辽宁等地区果汁厂的制汁原料。

各生产苹果的国家栽培黄元帅的比重都很大,是世界各国发展最多的品种之一。

我国各苹果产地均有栽培。

本设计原料预定来源主要为环渤海地区的苹果种植区,其他周边的苹果原料也可充当原料来源。

依托陇海与京沪铁路的便捷运输,原料可较为方便的运达,同时铁路运输的费用也较低廉。

黄元帅果实圆锥形,顶部有5条隆起,果面有不明显的10个棱,平均重200g 左右,大着可达300g以上。

果肉淡黄色,肉质致密,脆,多汁,酸甜适口,香气浓郁,储藏到11月以后,风味最佳。

可溶性固形物含量15%,品质好。

原料部分化学成分见表1表1 原料部分化学成分项目指标转化糖/% 7.35~11.62蔗糖/% 0.27~2.90总糖/% 8.62~14.61果胶含量/% 1.00~1.80有机酸含量/% 0.03(柠檬酸) 0.02(苹果酸)天然pH值 3.00~5.00蛋白质含量/% 0.10~0.30单宁含量(平均值)/% 0.1001.3设计产品档次本设计的产品为澄清苹果汁,流程工艺中采用现代超滤分离技术,确保果汁更加的澄清,口感更加细滑。

并且在营养方面尽量使苹果的原营养不发生太大的破坏,力保产品具有营养。

年产15000吨蓝莓果汁工厂设计资料

年产15000吨蓝莓果汁工厂设计资料

年产15000吨蓝莓果汁工厂设计说明书指导老师:高爱武组长:吴琼组员:祁晓霞杨靓王丹李瑞芬赵沛帆班级:09级食项一班日期:2012年6月摘要:随着我国改革开放的不断深入,在当前国民经济稳定快速发展的形势下,人民消费水平不断提高,为饮料行业的发展创造了一个良好的环境。

本论文设计主要是对中国的饮料行业进行了调查和分析,确定了项目的选址、设计和实施方案。

本次项目是一个年产15000吨的蓝莓饮料项目,可以直接扩大蓝莓饮料企业原有的市场,有利于开发新市场,促进了我国蓝莓市场的发展需求。

本设计包括厂址选择报告、工艺设计、生产车间平面布置图、全厂的平面布置图等相关叙述。

前言蓝莓的营养价值高于苹果、葡萄、橘子等水果,其果实除富含水果中常见的多种营养成分外,还含有花青素、类黄酮等抗氧化剂,属高氨基酸、高锌、高铁、高铜、高维生素的果品,堪称“世界水果之王”。

在世界卫生组织公布的十大健康食品中,蓝莓是入选的水果之一,也被称为“人类五大健康食品之一”;在欧美、日本等发达国家,蓝莓也深受消费者的青睐。

蓝莓中含有的花青素对眼睛有良好的保健作用,能够缓解眼部疲劳。

自2000年开始,美国教育部将蓝莓列为中小学生保护眼睛的营养配餐食品,要求每人每周至少食用一杯蓝莓鲜果或加工品;在日本,人们把蓝莓视为“聪明之果”,中、小学生已从昔日“每天一杯牛奶、提高一代人体质”,转为“每天一袋蓝莓、聪明一代脑”。

而今,这股蓝莓的清香也渐渐飘向了中国。

在上海一些餐饮机构,一瓶野生蓝莓饮品竟然能卖到38元,远远高于“大酒仓”的零售价,即使如此,蓝莓汁依然是宾客们优先选择饮品之一。

野生的蓝莓多生长在高寒的原始森林地区,这使得我国大兴安岭成为野生蓝莓的产区之一,在当地形成了以生产野生蓝莓及相关食品和饮品的产业链。

新鲜野生蓝莓每公斤200多元的价格让普通消费者望而止步。

而将蓝莓生产成饮料,价格大幅下降,中档的饮料价格让普通的消费者也都喝得起,这预示着在不久的将来,中国的“蓝莓时代”也将到来。

年产万吨天然橙汁食品工厂设计毕业设计

年产万吨天然橙汁食品工厂设计毕业设计

毕业设计年产万吨天然橙汁食品工厂设计绪论1.1 项目背景我国是世界第一大橙子和橙汁生产国,橙汁出口占世界贸易量一半以上,在国际橙汁贸易中具有举足轻重的地位。

在世界贸易组织框架体系下,橙汁加工是我国少有的几个具有绝对优势地位的农业产业之一,是农业产业化的重点发展行业,橙汁的加工出口对于缓解国内果品卖难,消化残次果和促进果业的健康持续发展起到了十分积极的作用。

近年来,我国橙汁加工行业高速增长,橙汁出口顺畅,有效推动了国内市场果价的回升,并起到了优化农村产业结构和提高农民收入的重要作用。

1.2 橙汁的营养价值橙子味甘、酸,性凉。

具有生津止渴、开胃下气的功效。

正常人饭后食橙子或饮橙汁,有解油腻、消积食、止渴、醒酒的作用。

橙子营养极为丰富而全面,老幼皆宜。

橙子中含量丰富的维生素C、P,能增加机体抵抗力,增加毛细血管的弹性,降低血中胆固醇。

高血脂症、高血压、动脉硬化者常食橙子有益。

橙子所含纤维素和果胶物质,可促进肠道蠕动,有利于清肠通便,排除体内有害物质。

橙皮性味甘苦而温,止咳化痰功效胜过陈皮,是治疗感冒咳嗽、食欲不振、胸腹胀痛的良药。

橙子几乎已经成为维生素C 的代名词。

1.3 我国橙汁产业的发展现状与趋势橙汁在我国经过20年的发展历程,从无到有,从小到大,现在已成为受国外关注比较大的一个农产品加工行业。

目前,我国橙子种植总面积近3000万亩,年产橙子达2200万吨,占世界总产量的近50%,是世界第一生产大国。

由于我国特有的资源优势,果汁加工业近年来发展迅速,生产能力由20世纪80年代中期的不足千吨猛增至现在的40多万吨。

产品出口近年来也大幅增加,2002年,我国出口浓缩果汁29.59万吨,占世界贸易总量的41%;2003年出口量可达到40万吨,占世界贸易总额的50%以上。

过去主要是发达国家消费橙汁,现在发展中国家的消费量也在不断增加。

橙汁主要出口国为中国、波兰、德国、意大利、阿根廷、智利、匈牙利等,主要进口国为德国、美国、日本、意大利、奥地利、澳大利亚等。

年产10000吨复合果蔬汁饮料厂设计_《食品工厂与环境保护》课程设计

年产10000吨复合果蔬汁饮料厂设计_《食品工厂与环境保护》课程设计

设计目标:
1.厂房设计:
-选择地理位置:厂房应选在工业园区或远离居民区,以减少对周边环境的影响。

-建筑设计:厂房应采用环保材料,具备良好的隔音和隔热效果,以降低能耗。

-建筑布局:根据生产工艺,合理规划生产车间、储存区、实验室、办公区等功能区域,保证生产流程的顺畅和安全。

2.生产设备:
-选择高效节能的设备:选用符合国家环保标准的设备,降低能耗和废气排放。

-自动化生产线:采用自动化程度高的生产线,减少人力投入,提高生产效率。

-物料储存设备:选用密闭式储存设备,避免异味扩散和材料污染。

3.环境污染控制:
-废水处理:设置废水处理系统,把产生的废水进行处理并达到国家排放标准,减少对水资源的污染。

-废气回收:采用废气回收设备,对排放的废气进行收集和处理,减少对大气环境的污染。

-垃圾处理:建立垃圾分类体系,对产生的各类垃圾进行分类处理和处置。

4.能源节约措施:
-选用节能设备:在选购设备时,优先选择能耗低的设备,减少能源
的消耗。

-能源管理系统:建立完善的能源管理系统,监控和优化能源的使用,降低能源消耗。

5.人员培训:
-建立安全意识:对员工进行安全意识的教育培训,确保他们能够正
确使用设备和采取安全的操作流程。

-环境保护意识培养:加强员工对环境保护的认识,教育其遵守环境
政策和法规。

果蔬汁饮料生产线设计学士学位毕业设计

果蔬汁饮料生产线设计学士学位毕业设计

学士学位毕业设计题目果蔬汁饮料生产线设计毕业设计(论文)原创性声明和使用授权说明原创性声明本人郑重承诺:所呈交的毕业设计(论文),是我个人在指导教师的指导下进行的研究工作及取得的成果。

尽我所知,除文中特别加以标注和致谢的地方外,不包含其他人或组织已经发表或公布过的研究成果,也不包含我为获得及其它教育机构的学位或学历而使用过的材料。

对本研究提供过帮助和做出过贡献的个人或集体,均已在文中作了明确的说明并表示了谢意。

作者签名:日期:指导教师签名:日期:使用授权说明本人完全了解大学关于收集、保存、使用毕业设计(论文)的规定,即:按照学校要求提交毕业设计(论文)的印刷本和电子版本;学校有权保存毕业设计(论文)的印刷本和电子版,并提供目录检索与阅览服务;学校可以采用影印、缩印、数字化或其它复制手段保存论文;在不以赢利为目的前提下,学校可以公布论文的部分或全部内容。

作者签名:日期:学位论文原创性声明本人郑重声明:所呈交的论文是本人在导师的指导下独立进行研究所取得的研究成果。

除了文中特别加以标注引用的内容外,本论文不包含任何其他个人或集体已经发表或撰写的成果作品。

对本文的研究做出重要贡献的个人和集体,均已在文中以明确方式标明。

本人完全意识到本声明的法律后果由本人承担。

作者签名:日期:年月日学位论文版权使用授权书本学位论文作者完全了解学校有关保留、使用学位论文的规定,同意学校保留并向国家有关部门或机构送交论文的复印件和电子版,允许论文被查阅和借阅。

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英文文献:年产万吨的苹果汁工厂设计

英文文献:年产万吨的苹果汁工厂设计

英文文献2.5.3. Design and construction of the buildingRoofs and ceilingsWallsWindows and doorsFloorsLighting and powerWater supply and sanitationLayout of equipment and facilitiesIn general, a building should have enough space for all production processes to take place without congestion and for storage of raw materials, packaging materials and finished products. However, the investment should be appropriate to the size and expected profitability of the enterprise to reduce start-up capital, the size of any loans taken out and depreciation and maintenance charges.Roofs and ceilingsIn tropical climates, overhanging roofs keep direct sunlight off the walls and out of the building. This is particularly important when processing involves heating, to make working conditions more comfortable. Fiber-cement tiles offer greater insulation against heat from the sun than galvanized iron sheets do. High level vents in roofs both allow heat and steam to escape and encourage a flow of fresh air through the processing room. The vents must be screened with mesh to prevent insects, rodents and birds from entering the room. If heat is a serious problem, the entrepreneur could consider fitting electric fans or extractors, although this clearly increases capital and operating costs.Rafters or roof beams within the processing and storage rooms are unacceptable. They allow dust to accumulate, which can fall off in lumps to cause gross contamination of products. Similarly, insects can fall from them into products. They also allow paths for rodents and birds, with consequent risks of contamination from hairs, feathers or excreta. It is therefore essential to have a paneled ceiling fitted to any processing or store-oom, with careful attention when fitting them to ensure that there are no holes in the paneling. Care should also be taken to prevent birds, rodents and flying insects gaining access to the processing room through gaps in the roof structure or where the roof joins the walls.WallsAs a minimum requirement, all internal walls should be rendered or plastered with a good quality plaster to prevent dust forming in the processing room. An experienced plasterer should be used to ensure that no cracks or ledges remain in the surface finish, which could accumulate dirt and insects. The lower area of walls, to at least 1.08 metres (four feet) above the floor, is most likely to get dirty from washing equipment, from product splashing etc. and special attention should be paid to ensure that this area is easily cleaned. Higher areas of walls should be painted with a good quality emulsion. The lower parts of walls should be either painted with a waterproof gloss paint, preferably white, to allow them to be thoroughly cleaned, or ideally they should be tiled with glazed tiles. If tiling a process room is too expensive, it is possible to select particular areas such as behind sinks or machinery and only tile these parts. In some countries there is a legal requirement for specified internal finishes and this should be checked with the Ministry of Health or other appropriate authority (see also Section 2.4.2)Windows and doorsWindow sills should be made to slope for two reasons: to prevent dust from accumulating and to prevent operators from leaving cloths or other items lying there, which in turn can attract insects. Windows allow staff to work in natural daylight, which is preferable to and cheaper than electric lighting. However, in tropical climates there is a natural inclination for workers to open windows to allow greater circulation of fresh air. This provides easy access for flying insects, which can readily contaminate the product. Windows should therefore be fitted with mosquito mesh to allow them to be left open.Normally doors should be kept closed, but if they are used regularly there is again a tendency for them to be left open with similar consequences of animals and insects entering the plant. In this case, thin metal chains or strips of material that are hung vertically from the door lintel may deter insects and some animals, while allowing easy access for staff. Alternatively mesh door screens can be used. Doors should be fitted accurately so that there are no gaps beneath them and all storeroom doors should be kept closed to prevent insects and rodents from destroying stock or ingredients.FloorsIt is essential to ensure that the floors of processing rooms and storerooms are constructed of good quality concrete, smooth finished and without cracks. In some developing countries, it is possible to buy proprietary floor paints or vinyl based coatings, but these are usually very expensive. Generally, it is not adequate to use the red wax floor polishes that are commonly found in households, as these wear away easily and could contaminate either products or packages. Over time, spillages of acidic fruit products react with concrete andcause it to erode. Attention should therefore be paid to cleaning up spillages as they occur and to regularly monitor the condition of the floor.The comers where the floor and the walls join are places for dirt to collect. During construction of the floor, it should therefore be curved up to meet the wall. It is possible to place fillets of concrete (or 'coving') in the comers of an existing floor to fill up the right angle, but care is needed to ensure that new gaps are not created which would harbour dirt and insects.The floor should slope at an angle of approximately 1 in 8 to a central drainage channel. At the end of a day's production, the floor can be thoroughly washed and drained. Proper drainage prevents pools of stagnant water forming, which would in turn risk contamination of equipment and foods. The drainage channel should be fitted with an easily removed steel grating so that the drain can be cleaned. Where the drain exits the building, there is a potential entry point for rodents and crawling insects unless wire mesh is fitted over the drain opening. This too should be easily removed for cleaning.Lighting and powerGeneral room lighting should be minimized wherever possible. Full use should be made of natural daylight, which is both free and better quality light, especially for intricate work. Where additional lighting is needed, florescent tubes are cheaper to operate than incandescent bulbs. However, if machinery is used that has fast moving exposed parts, these should be lit with incandescent bulbs and not tubes. This is because even though the parts should have guards fitted, a rotating machine can appear to stand still if its speed matches the number of cycles of the mains electricity that powers fluorescent tubes - with obvious dangers to operators.All electric power points should be placed at a sufficiently high level above the floor that there is no risk of water entering them during washing the floor or equipment. Ideally, waterproof sockets should be used. It is important to use each power point for one application and not use multiple sockets which risk overloading a circuit and causing a fire. If there are insufficient power points for the needs of a process, additional points should be installed, even though this is more expensive. All plugs should be fitted with fuses that are appropriate for the power rating of the equipment and ideally the mains supply should have an earth leakage trip switch. If three-phase power is needed for larger machines or for heavy loads from electric heating, it is important that the wiring is installed by a qualified electrician to balance the supply across the three phases.Water supply and sanitationWater is essential in nearly all fruit and vegetable processing, both as a component of products and for cleaning. An adequate supply of potable water should therefore be available from taps around the processing area. In many countries, the mains supply is unreliable or periodically contaminated and it is therefore necessary for the entrepreneur to make arrangements to secure a regular supply of good quality water each day. This can be done byinstalling two high level, covered storage tanks either in the roof-space or on pillars outside the building. They can be filled alternately when mains water is available and while one tank is being used, any sediment in water in the other tank is settling out. As sedimentation takes several hours, the capacity of each tank should be sufficient for one day's production. The tanks should have a sloping base and be fitted with drain valves above the slope and at the lowest point. In use, water is taken from the upper valve and when the tank is almost empty, the lower valve is opened to flush out any sediment that has accumulated.Water that is included in a product should be carefully treated to remove all traces of sediment and if necessary, it should be sterilised. This is particularly important if the product is not heated after water has been mixed in as an ingredient.There are four ways of treating water at a small scale: by filtration; by heating; byultra-violet light and by chemical sterilants, such as hypochlorite (also named 'chlorine solution' or 'bleach'). Other water treatment methods are generally too expensive at a small scale of operation.Filtration through domestic water filters is slow, but having made the capital expenditure, it is relatively cheap. Larger industrial filters are available in some countries. Heating water to boiling and holding it at that temperature for 10-15 minutes is simple and has low capital costs, but it is expensive because of fuel costs and it is time consuming to do routinely. Heating sterilises the water but does not remove sediment and boiled water may therefore require filtering or standing to remove sediment.Ultra-violet light destroys micro-organisms in water and commercial water treatment units that use this principle (Figure 38) are coming down in price to the point that they can be suitable for those small scale processors that use a lot of water. Again, this method does not remove sediment from the water.Finally, chemical sterilisation using hypochlorite is fast, relatively cheap and effective against a wide range of micro-organisms. Cleaning water should contain about 200 ppm of chorine and water that is used as an ingredient should contain about 0.5 ppm to avoid giving a chlorine flavour to the product. A chlorine concentration of 200 ppm can be made by adding 1 litre of bleach to 250 litres of water and a 0.5 ppm solution is obtained by adding 2.5 ml of bleach to 250 litres of water. Although chlorine kills most micro-organisms, it also has a number of disadvantages: it can corrode aluminium equipment; it can taint foods; bleach must be handled with great care as it damages the necessary, the concentration of chlorine in water can be measured using a chemical dye that produces a colour when it reacts with chlorine. The intensity of the colour is compared to standard colours on glass discs in a 'comparator'.Good sanitation is essential to reduce the risk of product contamination and to deter insects, rodent and birds. All wastes should be placed in bins and not piled on the floor. Processes should have a management system in place to remove wastes from the building as they are produced, rather than letting them accumulate during the day. Wastes should never be left in a processing room overnight. This aspect is described further in Section 2.7.2, and summarized in Appendix I.Layout of equipment and facilitiesThe different areas required for fruit and vegetable processing are shown in Figure 39 for a drying unit and in Figure 40 for other types of production. The layouts of these processing rooms show how raw materials move through a process and through the room without paths crossing. Different stages in a process should be physically separated wherever possible. This helps prevent contamination of finished products by incoming, often dirty, raw materials and clearly identifies areas of the room where special attention to hygiene is necessary. This is particularly important to prevent contamination arising from activities such as bottle washing in which inevitable breakages produce glass splinters that could contaminate a product. This separation also reduces the likelihood of accidents or of operators bumping into each other.Perishable raw materials should be stored separately from non-perishable ingredientsand packaging materials. A separate office allows records to be filed and kept clean and provides a quieter working environment for book-keeping. Toilets should either be housed in a separate building or two doors should exist between them and a processing area. All workers should have access to hand-washing facilities with soap and clean towels. Laboratory facilities are generally not needed in fruit and vegetable processing, although a separate table for conducting quality assurance checks or check-weighing packages of finished product (Section 2.7.2) could be located in the office or in a separate area of the processing room.英文文献译文2.5.3.建筑物的设计和建造屋顶和天花板墙壁窗户和门地板照明和能源水供应和公共卫生仪器和设备的布局总的说来,一个厂房应该有足够的空间来进行产品的加工制造,避免拥堵和原料,包装材料和成品混杂储存的情况发生。

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年产1.5万吨特色果蔬汁工厂设计
第一章前言
1.1项目背景
1.1.1国外果ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ汁市场现状
近几年来,果蔬复合汁饮料在发达国家发展较快,在国外市场流行品种较为繁多,市场上常见的有菠萝汁或橙汁等热带果汁与不同蔬菜汁的复合果汁饮料。例如:番茄汁与其他多种果蔬的复合汁、橙与胡萝卜汁等蔬菜的复合汁、芹菜汁、甜菜汁、菠菜等蔬菜汁配以食盐、香料和柠檬酸等配制的复合蔬菜汁等产品。
从目前饮料市场的消费情况来看,碳酸饮料、纯净水饮料占有较大的市场份额,茶饮料、果汁、果蔬汁饮料增长迅速,市场占有比例不断扩大。
果蔬汁饮料在中国的兴起晚于茶饮料,但果蔬汁及果蔬汁饮料是国家食品工业“十一五”规划的重点发展产业,也是农业产业化的重点支持领域,其发展速度是其他市场无法比拟的。2003年上半年果蔬汁饮料的渗透率为31.3%,之后一路攀升,截止到2005年下半年,其渗透率已增长到50.4%,增幅达61%,三年总计增长32%。
3)投资少,经济合理:厂区所在地有比较方便觉得运输条件,有一定的供电条件以满足生产的需求;有充足的水源且水质较好,符合卫生部颁发的饮用水水质标准。
4)充分利用原辅料:对原辅料进行综合利用。
1.5设计范围:
本设计的总要范围包括生产工艺论证、物料恒算、设备选型、水电汽衡算、车间工艺平面设计、劳动组织分配、辅助部门设计等。
与此同时,j&m drink公司也推出一个非常成功的混合系列,共四个品种,分别以一年四季来命名:春是橙、西番莲混合,夏是橙、胡萝卜和柠檬,秋是红西柚和蔓越莓,冬是酸苹果,这一系列都是约20%的果汁含量,针对的目标消费者也是成年人。在日本的果蔬汁市场上,单一口味的果蔬汁市场销量大幅度下滑,纯西红柿汁每年下降约10%,纯胡萝卜汁2005年比2004骤然下降266%。另一方面,果蔬混合汁却以每年约20%的速度增长,其中增长最为迅速的是复合胡萝卜汁,年增幅达到60%左右。由此看来,国内果汁饮料经过近两年单一品种的发展,在未来几年内,果蔬汁饮料将在饮料市场中有较高的增长幅度。
britvic公司于2001年在欧洲推出j2o系列混合果汁饮料,被评为该年度欧洲最成功的果汁饮料之一。它有四个品种,四种颜色:黄色的是苹果、芒果混合;绿色的是青苹果、哈密瓜混合;橙黄色的是橙、西番莲混合;红色的是血橙、蔓越莓混合。britvic公司推出的这一系列,因为其独特的混合口味,靓丽的颜色,一经推出,就在欧洲的年轻人中风靡起来。
1.1.2果蔬汁在中国现状与发展趋势
近年来,饮料工业发展迅速。继2002年全国饮料产量突破2000万吨达到2025万吨;2005年又突破3000万吨达到3380万吨;2006中国饮料工业的发展仍以20%的速度高歌猛进,再创新高,达到4100万吨。4年实现饮料总产量翻番。我国已成为仅次于美国的全球第二大饮料生产和消费国。
1.2立项必要性与市场分析
1.2.1广西发展果蔬汁加工的优势
近年来,国家提出西部大开发战略,给地处大西南的广西带来了发展的机遇。南宁市是广西首府,也是广西经济发展的龙头,有着更强的发展优势。
并且南宁有着良好的地理和气候优势。市政府对利用这一优势大力发展亚热带果蔬高度重视,现果蔬种植面积已达到200万亩。但南宁市的食品加工业较落后,至今还没有生产果蔬汁和果蔬浓缩汁的企业,也没有象样的果蔬加工企业。为了加快果蔬加工业发展,将果蔬资源优势转化为产业优势,南宁市又出台了一系列的优惠政策,并将果蔬加工业列为“十五”的重点发展产业,将大力发展果蔬加工业,将果蔬加工业作为一项重点产业来扶持,投入了大量人力、物力。南宁市集资源、政策、技术优势,上马果蔬汁加工企业已成为现实。
1.2.2立项必要性与市场展望
纵观果蔬加工业,果蔬汁一直是近20年来果蔬加工业中发展最快、最有潜力的一个行业。在当今的世界饮料市场,称霸近百年的碳酸饮料市场已开始萎缩。由于具有健康概念,消费者更偏好购买瓶装水、茶、果蔬汁等非碳酸饮料,并称之为新世纪饮料。果蔬汁集环保、健康、营养和农、工、贸一体化等多种优势,更是受到政府的大力支持。为此,利用南宁市有利的资源优势和政策优势,采用先进的生产技术,紧紧抓住国内外良好的发展机遇,及时大力开发果蔬汁饮料, 一定能产生良好的经济效益和社会效益。
1.3设计依据
本设计是根据广西工业职业技术学院食品与生物工程系教研室下达的毕业设计任务书进行设计的,设计课题《年产1.5万吨特色果蔬汁饮料车间工艺设计》。
1.4设计思想
总原则:工艺布局合理,产品质量可靠
1)符合国家方针政策:厂址选择应在当地规划区内,尽量少占农田。
2)符合生产条件:厂址附近有良好的卫生环境,无有害气体、放射源、粉尘及其他扩散性污染源,以保证产品的卫生质量和职工的劳动环境。厂区所在地有可靠的地质条件和一定的地耐力。
1.6毕业设计的目的和意义
毕业设计主要培养学生综合运用本专业基础理论、基础知识、专业知识和基本技能解决实际问题的能力,进一步学会发现问题、分析问题、解决问题的方法、途径;从而完成工程技术人员的基本训练。并初步培养从事科学研究的能力,提升学生各方面技能、工作水平和综合素质。
根据Euromonitor International资料显示,中国果蔬的下架(即连锁式销售)销售额由2000年的164亿元人民币,增长至2005年的405亿元,复合增长率为19.9%,而同期全球果蔬汁下架销售额的复合增长率为5.6%。另外,以销量计算,2005年中国售45亿公升的果蔬汁,相比2000年的16亿公升增加近两倍。Euromonitor预测,中国果蔬汁市场的销量将由去年的53亿公升,增加至2010年的78亿公升,复合增长率为10.1%,同期全球果蔬汁市场的复合年增长率仅为3.9%。
随着人们生活水平和对果蔬汁饮料认识的提高,果蔬汁饮料也已经被消费者接受并得到了快速发展。并且由于生活节奏的不断加快果蔬汁饮料的方便、快捷、营养越来越得到大家的认可,在生活中占有重要的位置;根据中投顾问发布的《二00九-二0一二年中国软饮料行业投资分析及前景预测报告》显示,未来三年中国将成为世界果汁饮料第一大国,健康价值成为未来中国市场饮料发展的必然方向,在中国发展果蔬汁饮料将具有广阔的发展空间与市场前景。
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