初中英语语法系列-动词2

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初中英语语法精讲2动词不定式用法

初中英语语法精讲2动词不定式用法

动词不定式用法动词不定式没有人称和数的变化,在句中不能独立作谓语。

但动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词特征,在句中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、表语和状语等多种成分。

另外,动词不定式具有动词特点,可以有自己的宾语和状语,组成动词不定式短语。

动词不定式的肯定形式是to+do;其否定形式是not to+do。

下面以动词不定式在句中的作用来予以详细说明。

一.作主语可以直接作主语。

如:To see is to believe.但在英语中,常用it作形式主语,真正的主语即动词不定式放在后面。

如:It's wrong to play tricks on other people.It's our duty to keep our environment clean and tidy.点击规律:动词不定式在句中作主语时,常放在It is +adj +(for sb.)+(not)to do sth句型中,表示说话人对客观事件的决断,意为:做…..是……的,it仅作形式主语,真正的主语是to do sthIt is very interesting to read.读书是有趣的It is useful to read.看书是有用的It is healthy to run every day.每天跑步是健康的It is a little difficulty for me to work out this question.解出这道题对我来说有点难It is bad not to finish homework.不完成作业是糟糕的It is bad to be late for school.迟到是糟糕的It is+adj+of sb +(not)to do sth该句型通常表示说话人对客观事件的惊讶、兴奋、懊悔、难过等感叹情绪,与It is +adj +(for sb.)+(not)to do sth的意义不同。

初中英语语法知识精讲:常考动词用法归纳(2)

初中英语语法知识精讲:常考动词用法归纳(2)

初中英语语法知识精讲:常考动词用法归纳(2)contribute的用法搭配1.表示“捐献”“捐助”“捐款”时,无论用作及物还是不及物, 均通常与介词to(有时用towards)连用。

如:Every worker contributed 100 yuan to the Red Cross.每个工人向红十字会捐赠100元。

He contributed a lot good ideas to the discussion.他在这次讨论中提出了很多很好的建议。

2.当contribute (..)to后接动词时,通常用动名词(因为to 是介词)。

如:Everyone on the team contributed to winning the game.球队的每个人都为赢得比赛而作出贡献。

He contributed much time to studying English usage 他把许多时间用来研究英语惯用法。

但是,有时也可用动词原形(即将to视为不定式符号)。

如:We all contributed money to buy Richard* s present. 我们都凑了钱给理查德买礼物。

take的常见用法与搭配1.表示“拿去” “带去”等,与bring(拿来)方向相反。

如:Please take the empty cup away and bring me a cup oftea. 请把这个空杯拿走,给我倒杯茶来。

假设语义需要,其后可带双宾语;假设双宾语易位,用介词8引出问接宾语。

如:Please take him a cup of tea. =Please take a cup of tea to him.请给他端杯茶去。

有时表示“拿去”可能与方向无关。

如:He took the box to the farm.他把那个箱子带到了农场。

2.表示“搭乘(交通工具)“,比拟下面的同义表达:他决定乘出租车去火车站。

2021年初中英语语法知识—动词时态的知识点总复习含答案(2)

2021年初中英语语法知识—动词时态的知识点总复习含答案(2)

一、选择题1.Jack ______ a good rest as soon as he finishes the exam.A.has B.had C.is having D.will have2.John and Mary ________ good eating habits but Eric ________.A.have; don’t B.has; doesn’t C.have; doesn’t D.has; don’t 3.Will you go fishing if it ________ tomorrow?A.didn’t rain B.doesn’t rain C.won’t rain4.We’re not sure _______ there’ll be _______ or not tomorrow.A.if; rains B.if; rainy C.whether; raining D.whether; rain 5.No noise, please. Your brother ________ his homework in the next room.A.does B.is doing C.did D.has done6.Wang Wei often ________ TV on Sunday evenings, but now he is _______ stories. A.watches; reading B.watching; reads C.looks; reading D.watches; looking 7.— Morning, Mike! Did you sleep well last night?— Yes. I went to bed at 9:30 because there ______ a math test this afternoon.A.was B.will be C.is going to have 8.Doctor Ray, as well as other scientists __________ trees for nearly 15 years, but they know only a little about them.A.study B.studies C.has studied D.have studied 9.—I called you at three yesterday afternoon, but you weren’t in.—I ________ a meeting at that time.A.had B.was having C.have had D.would have 10.—I'm sorry. There was too much traffic on the road.—Never mind. The meeting________for only 5 minutes.A.has begun B.has stopped C.has been on 11.—Where are you going, Bob?—To go hiking. Eric____________ for me at the school gate!A.was waiting B.waitsC.waited D.is waiting12.—How long have you________?—For 10 years, we got married in 2005.A.married B.got married C.been married D.were married 13.— Look after yourself on your way to Gungzhou,dear.— OK, mom.I will call you________get there.A.as soon as B.so that C.because14.My father is a teacher and he ___________ in this school for about twenty years. A.works B.is working C.was working D.has worked 15.—Remember the first time we met, Jim?—Of course I do. You ________ in the library.A.were reading B.have read C.will read D.read16.The water ______ cool when I jumped into the pool for morning exercise.A.was felt B.is felt C.felt D.feels17.---Where have you been recently?---I _______ in Hangzhou on business for a week last month.A.have been B.had gone C.had been D.was18.Can you describe ________?A.what the student look like B.what does the student look likeC.what does the student looks like D.what the student looks like19.Mr. Smith ______ our school next year.A.will visit B.visits C.was visiting D.visited20.—How did the accident happen?—You know, it was difficult to see the road clearly because it________.A.was raining B.has rained C.is raining D.will rain 21.Sandy likes ________ TV. She ________ TV every day.A.watching; watching B.watch; watchesC.to watch; is watching D.watching; watches22.Could you please turn down your music? I________.A.work B.works C.am working D.worked23.My father was reading ________ I was sleeping.A.while B.when C.before D.after24.—Do you still play the piano?—Oh, no. I ________it since last year.A.didn’t play B.haven’t played C.don’t play25.—How much is the ticket (票) to Central Park?—One ticket $40, and you can $80 for two persons.A.costs; pay B.cost; spend C.pay; spend D.spends; pay【参考答案】***试卷处理标记,请不要删除一、选择题1.D解析:D【解析】句意:Jack一完成他的考试就要好好的休息一下。

初中英语语法知识—动词的解析(2)

初中英语语法知识—动词的解析(2)

一、选择题1.Their eyes __________blue, but ours_________black.A.are; are B.is; are C.are; is . D.are; is2.Here _______a nice photo of my family.A.am B.be C.is D.are3.Kay looked _________ at the guests who said that the food she cooked tasted _________. A.happily; wonderfully B.happily; wonderfulC.happy; wonderful D.happy; wonderfully4.Jim a basketball?A.Does; have B.Does; has C.Is; have5.—Listen! I can hear someone __________ for help.—Is there __________?A.calling; anything wrong B.call; anything wrongC.calling; wrong anything D.call; wrong anything6.The library ______ from 8 a.m. to 3 p.m. on weekdays. But it______ at 5 p.m. on Saturdays and Sundays.A.is open; closes B.opens; closed C.is opened; closes D.is opening; is closed 7.I tried to make the baby ________by singing, and that worked well at last.A.stop crying B.to stop crying C.stop to cry D.to stop to cry 8.Lily and Lucy _______ their mother. They have big eyes and yellow hair.A.like both B.both are like C.both like D.are both like 9.Amy and her best friend often________books together.A.read B.reads C.look D.looks 10.Speak louder, ________ you can’t make yourself________.A.and; hear B.or; hear C.and; heard D.or; heard11.—I am feeling ill. What should I do?— eating junk food and breakfast every day.A.Stop; having B.Stop; have C.To stop; have. D.To stop; to have 12.Colours can change our moods and make us happy or sad .A.feel B.to feelC.felt D.feeling13.Tom and Jim __________ in Class 3.A.is B.be C.am D.are14.— Tom in the library?—Yes,and his friends Eric and Dale in the library,too.A.Is;are B.Is;is C.Are;is15.—What __________ he do? —He __________ an actor.A.is, is B.does, does C.does, is D.is, does16.The baby is crying. Her brother tries her best to make her ______A.to laugh B.laugh C.laughing D.laughed 17.The water ______ cool when I jumped into the pool for morning exercise.A.was felt B.is felt C.felt D.feels18.--Lucy______her mother and her mother______very young.A.looks like; looks like B.looks like; looksC.looks; looks like D.looks; looks19.As we all know, the Anti-Japanese War ________ in 1937, and ________ for eight years. A.was broken out; lasted B.broke into;lastedC.broke out; was lasted D.broke out;lasted20.I often play volleyball after class. But my cousin Lily _________.A.does B.doesn’t C.do D.don’t21.The air _______ fresh after the rain. And the sky is blue.A.feels B.tastes C.smells D.sounds22.________your brother________ a baseball?A.Do; have B.Does; has C.Does; have D.Do; has 23.—Do you have an art festival at school?—Yes, ________.A.we have B.we can C.we do24.2019 has come. I hope everyone can make his dream ________.A.came true B.come true C.comes true D.coming true 25.Karen and Helen _______ my brother's friends. I know _______.A.is; her B.are; them C.are; her D.is; them【参考答案】***试卷处理标记,请不要删除一、选择题1.A解析:A【解析】【分析】【详解】句意:他们的眼睛是蓝色的,但是我们的眼睛是黑色的。

初中英语语法动词的两种语态怎么用整理

初中英语语法动词的两种语态怎么用整理

让知识带有温度。

初中英语语法动词的两种语态怎么用整理英语句子与汉语句子一样,都是由单词根据肯定的规章所组成的。

搞清不同词类在句中可充当哪些成分,才能正确分析、理解英语语法在句子的含义。

下面是我给大家带来的学校英语语法动词的两种语态,欢迎大家阅读参考,我们一起来看看吧!学校英语语法大全:动词的语态语态有两种:主动语态和被动语态。

主语是动作的发出者为主动语态;主语是动作的接受者为被动语态。

1)若宾语补足语是不带to 的不定式,变为被动语态时,该不定式前要加to。

此类动词为感官动词。

feel, hear, help, listen to, look at, make, observe, see, notice, watchThe teacher made me go out of the classroom.-- I was made to go out of the classroom (by the teacher).We saw him play football on the playground.-- He was seen to play football on the playground.2)情态动词+ be +过去分词,构成被动语态。

Coal can be used to produce electricity for agriculture and industry.第1页/共3页千里之行,始于足下。

学校英语语法大全:被动表示主动被动形式表示主动意义be determined, be pleased, be graduated (from), be finished, be prepared (for), be occupied (in), get marriesHe is graduated from a famous university.他毕业于一全部名的高校。

留意:表示同某人结婚,用marry sb. 或get married to sb. 都可。

初中英语语法专题二 五种基本句型

初中英语语法专题二 五种基本句型

初中英语语法专题二-----简单句的五种基本句型结构本课重点:1.复习掌握动词八种时态用法和动词类型2.英语句子结构框架:简单句,并列句,和复合句3.掌握英语五种基本句型结构4.名言警句✓All rivers run into sea. 海纳百川。

✓All roads lead to Rome. 条条大路通罗马。

✓All that glitters is not gold. 闪光的不一定都是金子一.复习检测——动词时态1.Mary and Joe go to the Shopping Center ___ . A.once a week B. in a week C. next week D. for a week2.Be quiet! The baby ________ (sleep) in the next room.3.Dick will pass the message on to your sister as soon as he ______ (meet) her in her office tomorrow.4.The bell for the class rang while they ___________ (play) on the playground.5.Lucy said it ___________ (rain) later on.7.The Chinese people ____(work) hard to make their country stronger and more beautiful.8.He'll write to you as soon as he _____ (arrive ) in Hainan.9.The students of Class One ___(have)a meeting from three to five yesterday afternnon.10.The sky is black. It ____ (rain), I'm afraid.11.If it ___(not snow)tomorrow,we'll go skating12.Mr and Mrs Green____(travel)to the south of China next week,aren't they?13.I___(not see)the film with you because I've seen it already.14.He told us that he_____(stay)here till the next week.15.I_____(lose)my pen this morning. I haven't found it yet.16.It's a long time since we ____ (meet) last,isn't it?17.--I know you _______ (choose) a picture book among these. --Yes,Have a look at it, please.18.So far,spaceships without people _______ (reach) the moon and some other partsof the universe.19.My father___home for nearly three weeks. A.has gone away fromB.has leftC.has been away fromD.went away20.Mr and Mrs Green have_____in China for a week. A.been B.got C.arrived D.reached21.--Where's Mary? --Oh,she _____the library.A.has gone to B.went to C.has been to D.had gone to二.英语五种基本句型英语五种基本句型列式如下:基本句型一:S+V(主+谓)基本句型二:S+V+P(主+系+表)基本句型三:S+V+O(主+谓+宾)基本句型四:S+V+IO +O(主+谓+间宾+直宾)基本句型五:S+V+O+C(主+谓+宾+宾补)基本句型一S+V(主+谓)此句型的句子有一个共同特点,即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。

初中英语语法-动词

初中英语语法-动词

初中英语语法动词动词概述及分类•动词是表示动作或状态的词。

•句子中的谓语成分是由动词充当的,谓语通常是句中不可缺少的成分,因此动词是英语词类中最重要的一种。

•动词可以通过本身的变化来表示动作发生的时间以及说话人的语气、态度等。

(即动词有时态、语态之分)动词种类•行为动词(vt./vi.)•表示动作或状态。

•有完整的词义。

•能独立作谓语。

•按其带不带宾语,可分为•及物动词(带宾语),和•不及物动词(不带宾语)•例句:•He often help s me. (vt)•I can see a bird in the tree. (vt)•Planes can fly. (vi )•情态动词(mod v.)•本身有一定词义,但不完整。

•不能独立作谓语,只能和行为动词一起构成谓语,表示说话人的态度。

•can; may; must; need; dare; will;would; shall, should…•例句:•She can speak a little English.•May I come in?•We must go now.动词种类•连系动词(link v.)•本身有词义。

•但不能独立作谓语,必须和表语一起构成谓语(名词性合成谓语)•be (是), look (看起来),seem (似乎),get (变得), become (变成,成为) …•例句:•He is an English teacher.•They look the same.•系表结构做谓语•助动词(v. aux.)•本身无词义。

•不能独立作谓语,只能和实义动词一起构成谓语。

•可用来表示否定,疑问、时态、语态、语气等。

•be; have; do; will; shall•例句:•He doesn't speak English.•We are playing basketball•Do you have a brother?注意几点:•行为动词情态动词系动词助动词•行为动词又可分为及物动词(vt.)和不及物动词(vi.)两种。

初中英语语法知识—动词的专项训练解析含答案(2)

初中英语语法知识—动词的专项训练解析含答案(2)

一、选择题1.—Would you like to try some pizza?—Yes, please. It lovely and nice.A.sounds, sees B.looks, smells C.hears, turns D.sounds, watches 2.Colours can change our moods and make us happy or sad .A.feel B.to feelC.felt D.feeling3.The strawberries delicious. You can have a try.A.eat B.drink C.taste D.sound 4.Parents always hope their children a happy and healthy life.A.to live B.can live C.living D.should live 5.Coffee is ready. How nice it ______! Would you like some?A.looks B.smells C.sounds D.feels6.I don’t have a baseball, but AlanA.do B.does C.have D.has7.What kind of music ________ he ________?A.does; listen B.does; listen to C.is; listen D.is; listen to 8.My mother with me ________ at my grandma’s home ________that snowy night. A.were, at B.was, at C.was, on9.Lucy and I ________ good friends.A.am B.is C.are10.—Why ______ you so busy these days?—Because they arrived ______ London ______ the morning of July1.A.are; in , in B.are; in , on C.do; on , in D.do; at , on 11.I think the music is great , and it is worth________A.to listen B.to listen to C.listening D.listening to 12.—Do you like watching cooking programs on TV?—No, I don’t , but my twin brother . He's very fond of cooking.A.does B.do C.is D.are 13.What a beautiful song! It ___________so sweet.A.feels B.sounds C.tastes D.smells 14.— Tom in the library?—Yes,and his friends Eric and Dale in the library,too.A.Is;are B.Is;is C.Are;is15.—________ you Mary? —Yes, I ________.A.Are; is B.Is; am C.Are; am D.Am; is16.—Do you know whom they will have ________the parts of car together?—Sorry,I have no idea.A.fix B.fixed C.to fix D.fixing17.I don't have a Ping-Pong ball, _______ my brother _______.A.but; do B.and; does C.and;do D.but; does18.Li Ming's father __________want __________the new coat.A.doesn't; buy B.don't; to buy C.don't; buy D.doesn't; to buy 19.Our teachers always make us ________ a lot of homework.A.to do B.do C.does D.doing20.— How ________ your trip to Australia?—Great. I’ll go there again next year.A.was B.is C.are D.were21.— How sweet the flowers _____ in spring!— Yes, many tourists come to enjoy them every day.A.taste B.smell C.feel22.The air _______ fresh after the rain. And the sky is blue.A.feels B.tastes C.smells D.sounds23.I like this dress very much. It soft and smooth.A.feels B.touches C.is felt D.is touched 24.2019 has come. I hope everyone can make his dream ________.A.came true B.come true C.comes true D.coming true 25.—William, your hat _______ nice.—Thanks.A.buys B.looks C.finds【参考答案】***试卷处理标记,请不要删除一、选择题1.B解析:B【解析】【分析】【详解】句意:——你想尝尝披萨吗?——好的,请。

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I go, you go, she goes. I have, you have, she has. I play, you play, she plays. I do, you do, she does. I sing, you sing, he sings. I read, you read, he reads. I swim, you swim, he swims. I say, you say, he says.
实义动词do的一般现在时
特别注意: 第三人称单数(he/she/it)+动词第三人称单 数现在式 1. Ann gets up at 8:00 every morning. 安每天早上8点起床。 2. She studies hard. 她学习努力。

Let’s Chant and Sing

系动词be


系动词不能单独作谓语,必须和名词或形容词 一起使用,作句子的谓语。be是最基本的系动 词。它解决主语“是什么”和“怎么样”的问 题。例如: I am a student.(是什么)
我是一个学生。

The man is very tall and strong.(怎么样)
那男人又高又壮。
Be的肯定否定及疑问的变化

You (They We) are teachers. He (She) is a teacher. I am a teacher.

You (They We) are not teachers. He (She) is not a teacher. I am not a teacher.

5 Wang Mei ____ music and often ____ to music. A like; listen B likes; listens C like; are listening D liking ; listen
Be的人称变化
You
(They We) are teachers. He (She) is a teacher. I am a teacher.
总结:我用am,你用are, is用于他、她、它。
基本句型2

主语+谓语+宾语+状语(表示动作) 1 主语 2谓语 3 宾语
词序
即句子的主体 是句子中的必不 动作、行为的对象, 可少的成分,说 是动作的承受者 明主语的动作 词性 名词;代词 实意动词Do 名词;代词;不定式 或相当于名词的词、 短语
系动词be的一般现在时



第一人称单数( I )+am I am a doctor. I am hungry. 第三人称单数(He/she/it )+is She is a kind teacher. It is cloudy today. 第二人称/各人称复数(You/we/they) +are You are a handsome boy. They are busy with their homework everyday.

实义动词的肯定否定及疑问的变化

I stay at home on Saturdays. They have sports every day. He stays at home on Saturdays. Lucy has sports every day. I don’t stay at home on Saturdays. They don’t have sports every day. He doesn’t stay at home on Saturdays. Lucy doesn’t have sports every day. Do you stay at home on Saturdays? Do they have sports every day? Does he stay at home on Saturdays? Does Lucy have sports every day?
一般现在时(the Simple Present Tense)
1.表示现在的状态:
e.g. He’s twelve. She’s at work. 2.表经常或习惯性的动作: e.g. I get up at 6:30 every day. He reads English every morning. 3.表主语具备的性格和能力等: e.g. She likes noodles. They speak French. 4.普遍真理和自然规律: e.g. Two plus four is six. The moon goes around the earth.
看见句子就问三个问题: 1.要用哪类动词做谓语?(主语干什么则考
虑实义动词do,主语怎么样了或者说是什 么就用系动词be) 2. 这个动作是谁发出的?人称是单数还是 复数? 3.这个动作啥时候发生的,用什么时态?
三个问题帮助大家查缺补漏。希望大家能够养成习惯, 形成条件反射
英语的句子时态

汉语里没有时态的说法,但英语 中每个句子都会用一种时态,而且 时态是通过谓语动词(Be动词或实 意动词do)的变化体现的,能注意 到并掌握好这点是学好英语的基础。
Exercises:判断以下句子谓语用哪类动词

那是我们的学校。 be(is) be(is) 她的红领巾很干净。 be(is) 我妈妈现在在家。 我喜欢画画。 do (like) do 他每天放学后和朋友踢足球。 (plays) 我们互相帮助。 do (help)
英语句子三部曲

2. Peter’s shoes under the bed.
are

3. Where is the rain come from?
does

4. My father like drinking. He drank some tea last night. likes
练习2:选择正确的选项
.1
Jenny ____ in an office. Her parents ____in a hospital.

实义动词do

实义动词也叫行为动词,能独立作谓语。它解决主语 “做什么”的问题。
例如:throw投掷
dance 跳舞 live生活
它们都能独立作谓语。
walk 行走 sing唱歌 study学习
Let’s Study these Sentences
1. Elephants have long noses. 主语 谓语 宾语(名词性短语) 2.I love you. 主 谓 宾语(代词) 3.The lion opened its huge mouth and 主语 谓语 宾语(名词性短语) roared. 谓语 4.Judy found a Christmas gift in the stocking. 主语 谓语 宾语(名词短语) 状语
基本句型2
状语的位置 1.孩子们玩游戏。 The children played games. 2.孩子们安静地玩游戏。 The children played games quietly. 3.孩子们在他们的房间里安静地玩游戏。 The children played games quietly in their room. 4.孩子们今天早上在他们的房间里安静地玩游戏。 The children played games quietly in their room this morning. 中文习惯于先交代时间和地点,但英语中状语往往放在主 谓结构后面,次序为:how, where ,when.
导言
本课的重点是掌握英语的两 种基本句型,要注意词性和词序, 同时注意中英文表达上相同和不 同的地方。掌握好这两种基本句 型,会在今后的学习中有一通百 通之效。
We are plant the trees in spring. 我们是在春天植树。
错误如下:
be动词与行为动词同时出现在句子中
解析:
学生往往会用汉语的思维方式去翻译, 这是学习英语最忌讳的,在英语中,be是 表状态,do是表动作,两种动词不能同时 出现在句子中,否则语法就不正确了。



1.这个人是一个老师。 This man is a teacher. 主语 系 表语(名词) 2.他很忙。 He is busy. 主 系 表语(形容词) 3.她在教室里。 She is in the classroom. 主语 系 表语(介词短语)
注:中文中有些句子的谓语部分是没有动词的,但英文中每个句子都得有动词。 否则就会犯语法错误。
About Sentences

句子构成:主语部分+谓语部分
英文与中文相同,常用的句子都包括两部 分: 一部分是句子里说的“谁”或“什么” (主语部分); 另一部分是句子里说的“是什 么”“怎么样”或“做什么”(谓语部 分)。

Let’s Study these sentences




李华关上门。 Li Hua closed the door. 那幅画非常漂亮。 That picture is very beautiful. 他是一名英语老师。 He is an English teacher. 我的宠物狗在花园里。 My pet dog is in the garden.
A work works B works work C work are working D is working work

2 One of the boys_____ a black hat. A have B there is C there are D has

3 We will go shopping if it____
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