专四训练模拟题12
大学英语专业四级考试模拟试卷带答案
大学英语专业四级考试模拟试卷PART ⅠDICTATION1、Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more.TouchingTactile communication is the use of touch in communication.PART ⅡLISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A TALKIn this section you will hear a talk. You will hear the talk ONCE ONLY. While listening, you may look at the task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure what you fill in is both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.Car Safety1. The focal point of the project: Road Ragee.g. A man hit the driver who had 2 him earlier2. Findings of the survey93% experienced road rage, including 3 had their cars damaged and 79% were being shouted at15% been hit—police only dealt physical violence3. 4 adopted to ensure safetyget key ready before 5 the carleave room for 6lock doors all the time4. Self-protection skills when rage happenspolice interference:—Maryland: hefty 7 as the front line—California: an automated system to 8 the license plateseffective approach: apology—If the driver 9 , the road rager would drop the matter.—If the careless drivers looked 10 , the road rager would teach them a lesson.how to make an apology in the car: a "SORRY" sign—The potential 11 smile when drivers raise a "SORRY" sign to them.SECTION B CONVERSATIONSIn this section you will hear two conversations. At the end of each conversation, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversations and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choicesof A, B, C and D, and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the choices.Now, listen to the conversations.CONVERSATION ONE12、A. The mechanical operation of the body. B. The absence of disease or illness.C. Physical, mental and social well-being.D. Clean water, improved sanitation and housing.13、A. In the late 1940s. B. In the 1970s. C. In the late 1980s. D. In the 1990s.14、 A. Supportive. B. Prejudiced. C. Negative. D. Confused.15、A. In 1980. B. In 1986. C. In 1990. D. In 1996.16、A. Education. B. Sustainable resources.C. Insurance.D. Social justice and equity.CONVERSATION TWO17、A. On the phone. B. In the street.C. In the man's office.D. In the woman's office.18、A. They didn't arrive on time.B. They were all moldy and eaten by bugs.C. 50% of the moldy mushrooms were eaten by bugs.D. Some were half-eaten by bugs and 20% were moldy.19、A. It was not authoritative and the survey result is obscure.B. The mushrooms were not completely moldy before packing.C. The external conditions of goods at the time of survey were all good.D. The mushrooms were not up to the standard for export.20、A. A random selection of 20% of the mushrooms.B. A thorough check of all the mushrooms.C. Full compensation for any loss.D. Free freight.21、A. The man's company. B. The woman's company.C. The insurance company.D. The underwriter.PART ⅢLANGUAGE USAGEThere are twenty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four options marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence or answers the question.22、Which of the italicized parts expresses a future tense? ______A. My friend teaches Chemistry in a school.B. I'll give it to you after I return.C. What is the matter with you?D. London stands on the River Thames.23、China, as a developing country, should speed up her ______ developmentand improve the people's life level.A. economicalB. economyC. economicD. economics24、Grandfather had sustained a broken back while working in the mines. ______, he spent the rest of his life in a wheelchair.A. ConsequentlyB. LogicallyC. VariablyD. Doubtfully25、Which of the following sentences is grammatically INCORRECT?A. Ten dollars is not a large sum of money.B. Statistics are a branch of mathematics.C. All the sheep were grazing on the hillside.D. Measles is an infectious disease.26、Everybody understands that the possibility always exists that the world champion may cheat in the game. The italicized part functions as a (n) ______ in the sentence.A. appositive(同位语)B. objectC. adverbialD. complement27、If the building project ______ by the end of this month is delayed, the construction company will be fined.A. to be completedB. is completedC. being completedD. completed28、The employers prepared, with all due ______, for a conference with the Trade Unions.A. cautionB. concernC. certaintyD. consideration29、Many of them are ______ of the original settlers.A. descendantsB. forefathersC. ancestorsD. masters30、Which of the following italicized parts is used as an object? ______A. He wants to tell us when he will leave.B. It has been decided when, the meeting will be held.C. What I want to know is when you can finish the experiment.D. I have no idea when she will be back.31、"I don't have any money with me. Do you?" he asked.He said ______.A. he didn't have any money with him and asked me if I hadB. he doesn't have any money with him and I doC. he didn't have any money with and asked me if I doD. he didn't have money and asked me32、There is no ______ in the world for her children.A. love greater than a motherB. love greater than that of a motherC. love greater as a motherD. great love as that of a mother33、Professor Smith and Professor Brown will ______ in presenting the series of lectures on American literature.A. alterB. alternateC. substituteD. exchange34、The boy has admitted to ______ the window while playing football yesterday.A. breakingB. having been brokenC. breakD. be breaking35、When she arrived at the office, Mr. Smith______, so they had only time for a few words.A．had gone away B．was just going awayC．just went away D．has just gone away36、A huge amount of environmental damage has been brought ______ by the destruction of the rainforests.A. aboutB. backC. upD. forward37、Jack ______ out very early, for he had not shown up at breakfast.A. could have goneB. must have goneC. ought to have goneD. should have gone38、Which of the italicized parts indicates CONDITION AND RESULT?A. Just take a look at that fellow and you'll get sick.B. He has a somewhat swelled head, and I don't like this.C. You can draw a horse in five minute, and you kept me waiting for an hour.D. She has lent us one of her new books, and the latest one in her collection.39、Paper produced every year is four times ______ the weight of the world's production of vehicles.A. /B. that ofC. whichD. of40、Man's never-stopping ______ for knowledge continues to widen our understanding of the earth's atmosphere.A. requestB. questC. investigationD. research41、A hibernating animal needs hardly any food all through the winter, ______?A. need itB. needn't itC. does itD. doesn't itPART ⅣCLOZEDecide which of the words given in the box below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blank. The words can be used ONCE ONLY. Mark the letter for each word on ANSWER SHEET TWO.A. forB. onC. stressD. profitsE. madeF. connectionG. takeH. indicatingI. benefitsJ. sufficientK. efficient L. habits M. as N. improved O. emphasizing In the recent past, medical research have shown that heart disease is associated with certain factors in our day-to-day lives: with stress, with smoking, with poor nutrition, and with a lack of exercise.Doctors and other health experts have been 42 the fact that we can often reduce the risk of heart disease by paying more attention to these factors.More and more people are realizing that there is a 43 between heart disease and the way they live. As a result of this new awareness, attitudes towards health are changing. In the past, people tend to think that it was 44 for good health to have a good doctor who could be relied on to know exactly what to dowhen they become ill. Now they are realizing that merely receiving the best treatment 45 illness and injury is not enough. They are learning that they must 46 more responsibility for their own health.Today many people are changing their dietary 47 and eating food with less fat and cholesterol. Many are paying more attention to reducing 48 in their lives. The number of smokers in the US is now far below the level of a lot of years ago 49 many people succeed in breaking the habit and as fewer people take it up.More and more are aware of the 50 of regular exercise like walking, running or swimming, some have begun to walk or ride bicycles to work instead of driving. Millions have become members of health clubs and have 51 health club one of the fastest growing businesses in the US today.And now the beneficial effects of these changing attitudes and behaviors are beginning to appear: an encouraging decrease in deaths from heart disease.PART ⅤREADING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONSIn this section there are several passages followed by ten multiple-choice questions. For each question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONE"There is very little in my life that is more personal and more important to me than comets." The amateur astronomer David H. Levy told Terence Dickinson in an interview. "Not just discovering them but watching them, learning about them, writing about them, understanding what they do. It makes observing the sky intensely personal. I feel when I find a new comet that a door has been opened and I have seen a slightly new aspect of nature. There is this object in the solar system that —for a few minutes or a few hours—only I know about. It is like trying to pry a secret out of nature. It is a very special feeling."Ever since he was a child, David Levy has been fascinated by the night sky and the wonders it reveals to devoted watchman. He developed a special feeling for comets before he reached his teens, though it was not until 1984—after nineteen years and more than nine hundred hours of combing the sky in search of them—that he discovered his first one, from a small observatory that he had built in his backyard.Since then, he has discovered or co-discovered twenty more, making him one of the world's most important comet hunters. His most celebrated find is periodic comet Shoemaker Levy 9, which he made with the husband-and-wife comet and asteroid hunting team Eugene and Carolyn Shoemaker. The comet's dramatic collision with Jupiter in July 1994, which constituted "the greatest planetary show in recorded history", to quote Malcolm W. Browne of the New York Times, captivated not only professional astronomers, but many amateurs. Although he is "only" an amateur astronomer, he earns his living by lecturing and writing books and by working with project artists. They're projects devoted to introducing astronomy toelementary school children. He has won tremendous respect from his professional colleagues for his success in tracking comets. "David Levy is one of those rare individuals blessed with the gift of discovery," David Hartsel, who serves on the board of directors of the Richland Astronomical Society, in Ohio, has said. "Even rarer is his ability to let others share in the excitement and wonder of those discoveries through his writing and lectures."PASSAGE TWOBeing a man has always been dangerous. There are about 105 males born for every 100 females, but this ratio drops to near balance at the age of maturity, and among 70-year-olds there are twice as many women as men. But the great universal of male mortality is being changed. Now, boy babies survive almost as well as girls do. This means that, for the first time, there will be an excess of boys in those crucial years when they are searching for a mate. More important, another chance for natural selection has been removed. Fifty years ago, the chance of a baby (particularly a boy baby) surviving depended on its weight. A kilogram too light or too heavy meant almost certain death. Today it makes almost no difference. Since much of the variation is due to genes, one more agent of evolution has gone.There is another way to commit evolutionary suicide: stay alive, but have fewer children. Few people are as fertile as in the past. Except in some religious communities, very few women have 15 children. Nowadays the number of births, like the age of death, has become average. Most of us have roughly the same number of offspring. Again, differences between people and the opportunity for natural selection to take advantage of it have diminished. India shows what is happening. The country offers wealth for a few in the great cities and poverty for the remaining tribal peoples. The grand mediocrity of today—everyone being the same in survival and number of offspring—means that natural selection has lost 80 percent of its power in upper-middle-class India compared to the tribes.For us, this means that evolution is over; the biological Utopia has arrived. Strangely, it has involved little physical change. No other species fills so many places in nature. But in the past 100,000 years—even the past 100 years—our lives have been transformed but our bodies have not. We did not evolve, because machines and society did it for us. Darwin had a phrase to describe those ignorant of evolution: They "look at an organic being as a savage looks at a ship, as at something wholly beyond his comprehension". No doubt we will remember a 20th century way of life beyond comprehension for its ugliness. But however amazed our descendants may be at how far from Utopia we were, they will look just like us.PASSAGE THREEBy far the most common difficulty in study is simple failure to get down to regular concentrated work. This difficulty is much greater for those who do not work for a plan and have no regular routine of study. Many students muddle along, doing a bit of this subject or that, as the mood takes them, or letting their set work pile up until the last possible moment.Few students work to a set timetable. They say that if they did construct a timetable for themselves they would not keep to it, or would have to alter itconstantly, since they can never predict from one day to the next what their activities will be.No doubt some temperaments take much more kindly to a regular routine than others. There are many who shy away from the self-regimentation of a weekly timetable, and dislike being tied down to a definite program of work. Many able students claim that they work in cycles. When they become interested in a topic they work on it intensively for three or four days at a time. On other days, they avoid work completely. It has to be confessed that we do not fully understand the complexities of the motivation to work. Most people over 25 years of age have become conditioned to a work routine, and the majority of really productive workers set aside regular hours for the more important aspects of their work. The "tough-minded" school of workers is usually very contemptuous of the idea that good work can only be done spontaneously, under the influence of inspiration.Those who believe that they need only work and study as the fit takes them have a mistaken belief either in their own talent or in the value of "freedom". Freedom from restraint and discipline leads to unhappiness rather than to "self-expression" or "personality development". Our society insists on regular habits, time keeping and punctuality, and whether we like it or not, if we mean to make our way in society we have to comply with its demands.PASSAGE FOUREven just a degree or two of greenhouse warming will have a dramatic impact on water resources across western North America. Teams who have modeled the climate in the area are warning of greatly reduced snow packs and more intense flooding as temperatures inch up during the 21st century.It's the first time that global climate modelers have worked so closely with teams running detailed regional models of snowfall, rain and stream flows to predict exactly what warming will do to the area. The researchers, from the National Center for Atmospheric Research in Boulder, Colorado, and elsewhere, were surprised by the size of the effect generated by only a small rise in temperature.Assuming business as usual emissions, greenhouse gases will warm the west coast of North America by just one or two degrees Celsius over the next century, and average precipitation won't change much. But in the model, warmer winters raised the snowline, drastically reducing the crucial mountain snow pack, the researchers told the American Geophysical Union in San Francisco. "We realized that huge areas of the snow pack in the Sierra went down to 15 percent of today's values," says Michael Dettinger, a research hydrologist at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography in La Jolla, California. That caught everyone's attention.The researchers also predict that by the middle of the century, melting snow will cause streams to reach their annual peak flow up to a month earlier. And with warm rains melting snow or drenching already saturated ground, the risk of extreme floods will rise dramatically. We have to believe in these very warm, very wet storms, says Andrew Wood, a water resources modeler at the University of Washington, Seattle."Since dams can't be filled until the risk of flooding is past, the models predictthey will trap just 70 to 85 percent as much run-off as they do now. This is a particular problem for California, where agriculture, industry, a burgeoning population and environmental needs already clash over limited water supplies. We are taking this extremely seriously," says Jonas Minton, deputy director of the California Department of Water Resources.And observations certainly back up the models. Minton points out that an increasing percentage of California's precipitation over recent decades is falling as rain rather than snow. And Iris Stewart, a climate researcher at the University of California, San Diego, has found that in the last 50 years, run-off peaks in the western US and Canada have been happening earlier and earlier. The cause seems to be a region-wide trend towards warmer winters and springs.Dettinger has little doubt that the models point to a real and immediate problem. "It's upon us," he says, "and it's not clear what the fix is."52、The primary purpose of this passage is to ______.(PASSAGE ONE)A. praise Levy for his contribution to the observation of cometsB. show that an amateur can do things as well as a professionalC. introduce David Levy as an astronomer and his professionD. demonstrate that strong interest can help a person succeed in his life53、All of the following are suggested in this passage as reasons for Levy's success EXCEPT that ______.(PASSAGE ONE)A. he had books and articles published on astronomyB. he worked on projects intended to introduce astronomyC. he was endowed with the gift of the discovery of cometsD. he was highly praised by his colleagues for his unselfishness54、David Hartsel most appreciates Levy's ______.(PASSAGE ONE)A. gifted ability of comet huntingB. way of expressing himselfC. curiosity to the sky and cometsD. spirit of devotion to astronomy55、What does the example of India illustrate?(PASSAGE TWO)A. Wealthy people tend to have fewer children than poor people.B. Natural selection hardly works among the rich and the poor.C. The middle class population is 80 percent smaller than that of the tribes.D. India is one of the countries with a very high birth rate.56、The author argues that our bodies have stopped evolving because ______.(PASSAGE TWO)A. life has been improved by technological advanceB. the number of female babies has been decliningC. our species has reached the highest stage of evolutionD. the difference between wealth and poverty is disappearing57、Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?(PASSAGE TWO)A. Sex Ratio Changes in Human EvolutionB. Ways of Continuing Man's EvolutionC. The Evolutionary Future of NatureD. Human Evolution Going Nowhere58、The following are reasons to explain why many students do not work to a fixed schedule EXCEPT that ______.(PASSAGE THREE)A. they cannot keep to a timetableB. they can never foresee what their activities will beC. they are not competent to construct a timetableD. they will change their timetable frequently59、Which of the following statements is true according to Paragraph 3 of the passage?(PASSAGE THREE)A. The motivation to work is too complex to be fully understood.B. Few productive workers set aside fixed hours for important work.C. Temperaments do not influence workers' keeping to a routine.D. Many capable students avoid working in cycles when studying various topics.60、Researchers predict all of the following EXCEPT that ______.(PASSAGE FOUR)A. a small rise in temperature will procure disasterB. greenhouse gases will warm the west coast of North America by one or two degreesC. melting snow will give rise to streams and make them reach their annual peak earlierD. dams will trap just 70 to 85 percent as much run-off as they do now61、What kind of phenomenon caught everyone's attention?(PASSAGE FOUR)A. Average precipitation.B. Greenhouse gases.C. Decreasing snow pack in Sierra.D. The increase of the snowline.62、SECTION B SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONSIn this section there are five short answer questions based on the passages in SECTION A. Answer the questions with NO MORE THAN TEN words in the space provided on ANSWER SHEET TWO.According to the passage, when did Levy achieve his fame?(PASSAGE ONE)63、What used to be the danger of being a man according to the first paragraph?(PASSAGE TWO)64、What is the author's opinion on freedom without discipline?(PASSAGE THREE)65、What is the meaning of the word "burgeoning" in the fifth paragraph?(PASSAGE FOUR)66、What does the passage mainly tell us?(PASSAGE FOUR)PART ⅥWRITING67、Read carefully the following excerpt, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 200 words, in which you should:●summarize the main message of the excerpt, and then●comment on whether science and art education should be divided in high schoolYou should support yourself with information from the excerpt.Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organizationand language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.Separating no science and arts educationSince 2009, with the issue of the China's Medium and Long Term Education Reform and Development, there ushered in the heated discussion of "the necessity and the feasibility to abolish science and art division in high school".It heralded 2015-2016's Gaokao Reform in many provinces to drop the previous rigorous division of science and art like Shanxi, Changsha, Tianjing, Fujian... etc.The main reasons are as follows:The NPC Standing Committee member Zhu Yongxin said in an interview with Southern Weekend, "the severe of science and art does conspicuous damage to students' intelligence and knowledge." He also said that the previous education strategy stifled the potential of students by restricting them too early in science or art and they should be given choices until maturity.The headmaster of Guangxi TVU He Zubing, "there is definitive categorization in knowledge like science and art but life has no such categorization."According to a poll done by Southern Weekend, there is a pervasive prejudice of art education. The students in science are endeared while those in art are often snuffed at in everyday society.It is early for students to receive art-science separate education; students should learn art or science separately in college but not high school.答案:PART ⅠDICTATION1、[听力原文]TouchingTactile communication is the use of touch in communication./ Touch may be viewed as the most extreme form of invasion of personal space./ Nonetheless, touch is essential to our growth and development./ An insufficient amount of touching can result in health disorders such as allergies, speech problems and problems with symbolic recognition./ Researches have found that untouched babies and small children grow increasingly ill./Touch is one of the most powerful ways we have of communicating with others./ The pleasure touch causes originates in infancy./ For most people, touching is positive and enjoyable./ People who are comfortable with touch tend to be satisfied with themselves, their lives and their childhoods./ They are self-confident, assertive, display a socially acceptable self-presentation, and active rather than passive ways of dealing with problems./In most cultures, touch is associated with positive attitudes./ It is one of the clearest indications that we like and accept others and they like and accept us.PART ⅡLISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A TALK2、overtaken/surpassed[听力原文]Car SafetyWell, good afternoon. In today's session I will be sharing some of the findings of my project from last term. I had been interested and horrified by several newspaper reports on what people call "road rage". For example the famous incident of a man getting out of his car in a car park and hitting the driver of a van who had overtaken him earlier. So I decided to make this the focus of the project.For our research we depended mainly on talking to individuals, asking them questions rather than using written questionnaires. Well, we found 93% of respondents had had some kind of problem. A surprisingly large percentage—24% had their car damaged in some way, but the main type of incident was being shouted at—79% had experienced that. The police tended only to be informed when there was physical violence involved.So what strategies had people developed to ensure their own safety? We found that both sexes made the point that it's much safer to get keys out well in advance as you go towards your car. Men were very aware that muggers or whatever might be concealed behind the car. They also made the point that you should leave plenty of room when you park your car so you can make a quick getaway if you need to. Finally, locking doors at all times.Besides self-protection skills, when road rage does happen at the very moment, something needs to be done. Maryland, like many other states, is working on the problem by stepping up efforts to crack down on aggressive drivers. Hefty fines for dangerous drivers and speeders are on the front line against road rage. California is approaching the problem with technology. A new automated system being installed by the state automatically takes photographs of the license plates of vehicles that run red lights. It even captures accident scenes for police review. A key factor in reversing the process is an apology. A road rager can become upset because you accidentally cut in front of him or her, or for other reasons that were not intentional. Over 85% of road ragers said that they would drop the matter if the other "careless" driver simply apologized. Instead, road ragers claim, the "careless" driver seems to be unconcerned about what they just did and, therefore, needs to be taught a lesson. In a ear, only one method is effective in conveying an apology: A sign. We have found that it is very effective in warding off anger. In fact, many drivers actually smile when we raise a "SORRY" sign to them after we have accidentally done something wrong. We keep a "SORRY" sign in the map holder on the driver's door and the passenger's door. It could also be kept under the sun visor if it is fastened with a clip or rubber band so that it doesn't hit you in the face when the visor comes down.To sum up, I have described the phenomenon of road rage, explained the findings of the survey, and presented the strategies to ensure safety and self-protection skills. That's it for today.[解析] 细节题。
英语专四模拟试题及答案
英语专四模拟试题及答案一、听力理解（Part I Listening Comprehension）Section A: Talk1. A) The speaker will discuss the importance of effective communication.B) The speaker will talk about the challenges of adapting to a new culture.C) The speaker will share personal experiences of studying abroad.D) The speaker will explain the benefits of learning a second language.2. A) To improve their language skills.B) To experience a different educational system.C) To explore new cultures and societies.D) To make new friends and expand their social network.Section B: Conversation3. What is the main topic of the conversation?A) Planning a trip to a foreign country.B) Discussing the difficulties of language learning.C) Talking about the advantages of working abroad.D) Sharing experiences of cultural exchange.4. Why does the woman suggest taking a language course?A) To prepare for a job interview.B) To enhance her travel experience.C) To meet new people.D) To improve her language proficiency.Section C: News Broadcast5. What is the news report mainly about?A) A recent scientific discovery.B) A new policy implemented by the government.C) A significant event in the sports world.D) A cultural festival celebrated around the world.6. What is the purpose of the policy mentioned in the news?A) To promote international trade.B) To encourage environmental protection.C) To improve public health.D) To support education and research.二、语言知识运用（Part II Language Knowledge Use）7-14. 完形填空：阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
专四模拟试题附参考答案PDF.pdf
1
书山有路
31. A. however
B. therefore
C. nevertheless
D.
furthermore
32. A. primary
B. principal
C. foremost
D.
uniquely
33. A. or
B. nor
C. but
D.
except
34. A. recreation B. enlightenment C. refreshment D. entertainment
C. isn't it
D. hasn't it
57. I think that the labor bill will pass; it's ____________that it will.
A. almost surely
B. very likely
C. near positive
D. quite certainly
agricultural products would be much less if she had to depend only
on
48 _ grown at home. Trade makes it possible for her surplus
manufactured goods to be traded abroad for the agricultural products that
32
on its
capacity to produce wealth. “Wealth” in this sense is not money, for
we do not live on money
专业英语四级(听写听力)模拟试卷12(题后含答案及解析)
专业英语四级（听写听力）模拟试卷12(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. DICTATIONPART I DICTATION (15 MIN)Directions: Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be read at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be read at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minute1．正确答案：Sleep Why is it so difficult to fall asleep when you are overtired? / There is no one answer that applies to every individual. / It is possible to feel “tired” physically / and still be unable to fall asleep, / because while your body is exhausted, / you do not feel sleepy. / It is not so easy to simply “turn off”. / Lack of sleep complicates matters even more. / Experts say adults need at least seven to eight hours of sleep a night / to function properly. / When you get less sleep than that on three consecutive nights, / you begin to owe “sleep debt”. / As sleep debt increases your body experiences a stress response. / Now a vicious cycle has been created: / You experience the feeling of being more and more tried, / but your body is increasingly stimulated. / “Power sleeping”for more hours on weekends is only a temporary solution. / There is no substitute for getting a good night’s sleep on a regular basis. 涉及知识点：听写2．正确答案：Drink to Your Health Since all living things need it, / and it makes up two-thirds of our bodies, / it seems obvious that water is vital to our health. / Most people, however, drink fewer than eight recommended glasses each day. / So why is drinking enough water so important? / A minor water deficiency can lead to headaches, sleepiness, and moodiness, / while losing a large amount of water for a long time can cause high blood pressure / and other serious problems. / Drinking water helps our bodies in a variety of ways. / It helps us get rid of toxic substance, / which helps our kidneys to do a better job, / and it helps prevent bladder infections. / It improves digestion and helps us develop substances / that our body produces in the blood to fight diseases. / Finally, water can give our skin a healthy glow. / Drinking water throughout the day is an important habit to pick up. / For your health, give this simple substance the importance it deserves. 涉及知识点：听写3．正确答案：Cell Phone Disturbance Nowadays, / more people are using cell phones and there is also an increase in traveling by air. / Naturally, more people want to use their cell phones while traveling by plane. / However, they cannot. / The funny thing is that there has been no evidence of a cell phone signal causing a disturbance in the flight. / If you use the fixed-line telephone on the plane, / it can be really expensive. / In America, this kind of telephone charges three dollars a minute, / and 15% of the income of the flight comes from the telephone bill. / In 1998, / an Englishman was sent to prison for one year / because he refused to turn off the cell phones. / Last month, a plane suddenly became alarmed and was forced to land. / Investigators found a cell phone in a piece of luggage that had been left on. / Flight crew insisted that using cell phones during the flight is very dangerous, / and many facts support that claim. / Although there is no factual evidence to prove this, / cell phone disturbance can affect the plane in some circumstances. 涉及知识点：听写4．正确答案：Natural Resources With the changes in the ways of making a living in a family over several generations, / a warning against man’s wasteful use of natural resources reminds us of the urgent need to preserve these resources. / Ever since man appeared on the earth, man’s survival has been heavily dependent on nature. / Almost everything we use in our everyday life comes from nature, / ranging from the food we eat, / the water we drink, / to the wood which is turned into furniture. / With the development of technology and population growth, / the amount and range of materials used have increased at an alarming rate. / However, natural resources are not inexhaustible. / Some reserves are already on the brink of exhaustion / and there is no hope of replacing them. / The widespread water shortage is an example in point. / If man continued to waste natural resources with no thought for the future, / the whole world would be in a mess. 涉及知识点：听写5．正确答案：Yoga Yoga provides one of the best means of self-improvement and attaining one’s full potential. / In the advanced stages of yoga, / super conscious states are attained which result in a feeling of happiness, /deep peace and the emergence of psychic powers. / Yoga was developed and perfected over the centuries by philosophers and mystics in India. / It is basically a method by which we increase the body’s supply of energy /and remove any interference to the transmission of energy through out the body. /These days, yoga classes are being held at most health and wellness centers across the United States. / It is probably one of the most popular alternative therapies. /Many physicians, / who are skeptical about the efficiency of alternative medicine, /support yoga with a passion. /There are many clinical studies that show the effectiveness of yoga. /And the best part of it / is that it is something that can be done in the comfort of your home. /A few breathing exercisesrecommended by yoga/ will go a long way towards better health and relaxation. 涉及知识点：听写。
英语专四考试模拟练习题附答案
英语专四考试模拟练习题附答案英语专四考试模拟练习题附答案时间对每个人是公平的.我们应抓紧时间,努力把握住每一个今天,在今天尽量多做实事,使今天的工作效率大大提高. 以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的'英语专四考试模拟练习题附答案，希望能给大家带来帮助!About 5,000 years ago, the Egyptians and other people in the Near East began to use pictures as kind of writing. They drew simple pictures or signs to represent things and ideas, and also to represent the sounds of their language. The signs these people used became a kind of alphabet.The Egyptians used to record information and to tell stories by putting picture writing and pictures together. When an important person died, scenes and stories from his life were painted and carved on the walls of the place where he was buried. Some of these pictures are like modern comic strip stories. It has been said that Egypt is the home of the comic strip. But, for the Egyptians, pictures still had magic power. So they did not try to make their way of writing simple. The ordinary people could not understand it. By the year 1,000 BC, people who lived in the area around the Mediterranean Sea had developed a simpler system of writing. The signs they used were very easy to write, and there were fewer of them than in the Egyptian system. This was because each sign, or letter, represented only one sound in their language. The Greeks developed this system and formed the letters of the Greek alphabet. The Romans copied the idea, and the Roman alphabet is now used all over the world.These days, we can write down a story, or record information, without using pictures. But we still need pictures of all kinds: drawing, photographs, signs and diagrams. We find themeverywhere: in books and newspapers, in the street, and on the walls of the places where we live and work. Pictures help us to understand and remember things more easily, and they can makea story much more interesting.1. Pictures of animals were painted on the walls of caves in France and Spain because______.A. the hunters wanted to see the picturesB. the painters were animal loversC. the painters wanted to show imaginationD. the pictures were thought to be helpful2. The Greek alphabet was simpler than the Egyptian system for all the following reasons EXCEPT that______.A. the former was easy to writeB. there were fewer signs in the formerC. the former was easy to pronounceD. each sign stood for only one sound3. Which of the following statements is TRUE?A. The Egyptian signs later became a particular alphabet.B. The Egyptians liked to write comic strip stories.C. The Roman alphabet was developed from the Egyptian one.D. The Greeks copied their writing system from the Egyptians.4. In the last paragraph, the author thinks that pictures ______.A. should be made comprehensibleB. should be made interestingC. are of much use in our lifeD. have disappeared from our life答案解析1. D) 根据文章第一段第五行“Perhaps the painters thought that their pictures would help them to catch these animals.”可知古代人以为在墙上画画会对他们有所帮助，故选项D为正确答案。
英语专业四级模拟试题及答案
英语专业四级模拟试题及答案英语专业四级模拟试题及答案__1__Which of the following philosophers ever said “I think, therefore I am”?A Francis BaconB DeseartesC Pierre GassendiD John Locke__2__American Presidents are elected __.A every two yearsB every four yearsC every five yearsD every six years__3__Which branch of American government has the power to interpret the Constitution?A The Supreme CourtB The PresidentC The HouseD The Senate__4__The American Constitution is the oldest written constitution in the world. It was drawn up in__.A 1778B 1783C 1774D 1787__5__ Which country was the richest and the most powerful country in the Europe in the middle of the 17th century?A FlanderB EnglandC FranceD the Netherlands__6__ Whose doctrines of the separation of powers became one of the most important principles of the U.S. Constitution?A John LockeB MontesquieauC RousseauD Voltaire__7__The “basies” taught in American elementary schools are __.A social studies, reading, arithmeticB science, reading, writing, arithmeticC reading, writing, arithmeticD physical education, reading, writing__8__ The Gettysburg victory was the turning point of __.A the Civil WarB the war of IndependenceC the Indian WarD the Trenton War__9__ The functions of institutions of highest education in the U.S. are__.A research and teachingB teaching and degree awardingC professional training, teaching and public serviceD teaching, research and pubic service__10__ The largest religious group in America is __.A Roman CatholicsB ProtestantsC OrthodoxD Presbyterians参考答案：1. 选B。
专业英语四级(阅读)模拟试卷12(题后含答案及解析)
专业英语四级（阅读）模拟试卷12(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1.6 million square miles)was the single lowest year, with nearly 40 percent less ice than the seasonal average recorded over the past three decades. And the problem is only expected to worsen. As the ice melts, it releases highly concentrated carbon and methane(甲烷)that is locked in the permafrost(永冻层), creating an accelerating warming loop. An additional compounding factor is that dark oceans absorb more of the sun’s energy than light-colored ice, which reflects a large portion of it. That means that the more ice melts over the summer, the more open ocean there is, which leads lo more absorbed energy and warmer oceans, which means that less ice forms the following winter, which leads to even more open ocean the following year. Early this past summer, researchers thought 2009 would be even worse than 2007 in terms of melting, until a late-arriving wind from the equator brought cool air that prevented even more melting. “When you’re actually looking out the window and seeing mile after mile of warm ocean water where there used to be sea ice that you once walked around on, it gives you the certainty that something major is going on there, “ says James Overland, a marine environmental researcher with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The thickness of the ice and water temperatures—which were also measured at disturbingly high levels by Steiner and his team this year—are also measurements you can’t make by peering at satellite images.11．When is sea ice at a minimum in a year?A．In the middle of summer.B．At the end of summer.C．In the middle of September.D．At the beginning of autumn.正确答案：C解析：推理题。
英语专四模拟试题12套
模拟试题12套模拟试题一GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY1 evidence came up ____ specific sounds are recognized by babies as young as six months old.a whatb thatc whichd whose2 I understand ____ preparation that staff must put in under pressure to meet the deadline.a more than the enormous amount ofb better than most the enormous number ofc better than most the enormous amount ofd fewer than the number of3 I’m sure your suggestion will ____ the problem.a contribute to solvingb be contributed to solvec contribute to solved be contributed to solving4 In 1840, both Lucretian Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton resented ____ proper seating at the World’s Anti-slavery convention in London because of their sex.a refusingb to be refusedc being refused d having refused5 America will never again have as a nation the spirit of adventure as it ____ before the West was settled.a couldb didc would d was6 ___ in the past, at the moment it is a favorite choice for wedding gown.a Unpopular has as white beenb White has been as unpopularc Unpopular has been as whited Unpopular as white has been7 ____ for a long time, the fields are all dried up.a There has been no rainb Having no rainc There having no raind There being no rain8 The millions of calculations involved, ____ by hand, would have lost all practical value by the time they were finished.a had they been doneb they had been donec having been doned they were done9 Televisions enable us to see things happen almost at the exact moment ____.a which they are happeningb they are happeningc which they happend they have happened10 ____ me most was that the young boy who had lost both arms in an accident could handle a pen with his feet.a That amazedb It amazedc Which amazed d What amazed11 An important property of a scientific theory is its ability to ____ further research and further thinking about a particular topic.a stimulateb renovatec aroused advocate12 Although architecture has artistic qualities, it must also satisfy a number of important practical ____.a obligationsb regulationsc observationsd considerations13 Life insurance is financial protection for dependents against los s ____ the breadwinner’s death.a at the cost ofb on the verge ofc as a result ofd for the sake of14 In education there should be a good ____ among the branches of knowledge that contribute toeffective thinking and wise judgment.a distributionb balancec combinationd assignment15 The American dream is most ____ during the periods of productivity and wealth generated by American capitalism.a plausibleb patriotic c primitived partial16 He spoke so ____ that even his opponents were won over by his arguments.a bluntlyb convincinglyc emphaticallyd determinedly17 France’s ____ of nuclear testing in the South Pacific last month triggered political debates and mass demonstrations.a assumptionb consumptionc presumptiond resumption18 The 215-page manuscript, circulated to publishers last October, ____ an outburst of interest.a flaredb glitteredc sparked d flashed19 His efforts to bring about a reconciliation between the two parties ___.a came offb came onc came round d came down20 The system was redesigned to embrace the network and eventually ____ it in a profitable direction.a adaptb controlc installd steer21 The capital intended to broaden the export base and ____ efficiency gains from international trade was channeled instead into uneconomic import substitution.a secureb extendc defend d posses22 It is announced that a wallet has been found and can be ____ at the manager’s office.a declaredb obtainedc reclaimed d recognized23 When I ____ my senses, I found myself wrapped up in bed in my little room, with Grandma bending over me.a woke upb took toc picked up d came to24 The American society is ____ an exceedingly shaky foundation of natural resources, which is connected with the possibility of a worsening environment.a establishedb affiliated toc originated from d incorporated with25 I am not ____ with my roommate but I have to share the room with her, because I have nowhere to live.a concernedb compatiblec considerated complied26 Since the most commonly accepted test is TOEFL exam, most institutions will expect a ____ TOEFL score for admission.a minimalb maximalc minimumd maximun27 It was believed that his death ____ with the robbery of the bank downtown.a accompaniedb coincidedc correlated d conformed28 Does Emerson find his career full and ____ as a basketball player?a conflictingb charmingc rewardingd awarding29 The local government gave the first ____ to education after the war.a projectionb protectionc professiond priority30 The professor ____ his habit of getting up early in the morning to do writing all his life.a projectedb retainedc retailed d revitalizedCLOZEFrom childhood to old age, we all use language as a means of broadening our knowledge of ourselves and the world about us. When humans first 31____, they were like newborn children, unable to use this 32____ tool. Yet once language developed, the possibilities for human kind’s future 33____ and cultural growth increased.Many linguists believe that evolution is 34____ for our ability to produce and use language. They 35____ that our highly evolved brain provides us 36____ innate language ability not found in lower 37____. Proponents of this innateness theory say that our 38____ for language is inborn, but that language itself develops gradually, 39____ a function of the growth of the brain during childhood. Therefore there are critical 40____ times for language development.Current 41____ of innateness theory are mixed, however, evidence supporting the existence of some innate abilities is undeniable. 42____, more and more schools are discovering that foreign languages are best taught in 43____ grades. Young children often can learn several languages by being 44____ to them, while adults have a much harder time learning another once the 45____ of their first language have become firmly fixed.46____ some aspects of language are undeniably innate, language does not develop automatically in a vacuum. Children who have been 47____ from other human beings do not possess language. This demonstrates that 48____ with other human beings necessary for proper language development. Some linguists believe that this is even more basic to human language 49____ any innate capacities. These theorists view language as imitative, learned behavior. 50____, children learn language from their parents by imitation them. Parents gradually shape their children’s language skills by positively reinforcing imitations and negatively reinforcing imprecise ones.31 a generated b evolved c born d originated32 a valuable b appropriate c convenient d favorite33 a attainments b feasibility c entertainments d evolution34 a essential b available c reliable d responsible35 a confirm b inform c claim d convince36 a for b from c of d with37 a organizations b organisms c humans d children38 a potential b performance c preference d passion39 a as b just as c like d unlike40 a ideological b biological c social d psychological41 a reviews b reference c reaction d recommendation42 a In a word b In a sense c Indeed d In other words43 a various b different c the higher d the lower44 a revealed b exposed c engaged d involved45 a regulations b formations c rules d constitutions46 a Although b Whether c Since d When47 a distinguished b different c protected d isolated48 a exposition b comparison c contrast d interaction49 a acquisition b appreciation c requirement d alternative50 a As a result b After all c In other words d Above all模拟试题二GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY1 You should have put the milk into the ice box, I expect it ____ undrinkable by now.a becameb had becomec has becomed becomes2 It’s no good ____ him. He is always indifferent towards others’ matters.a to turn tob turning toc turn tod turned to3 Some companies have introduced flexible working time with less emphasis on pressure ____.a than more efficiencyb and more on efficiencyc and more efficiency d than efficiency4 She always put her medication on the top of the shelf lest the children ____ it by mistake.a tookb should takec had taken d would take5 The earnings of women are well below that of men ____ educational differences that are diminishing between the two sexes.a althoughb thoughc despite ofd in spite of6 Although she wrote a lot of short stories and poems when she was very young, ____ she was twenty five.a her first real success did not come untilb her real first success came until notc since her first real success did not come untild not until her first real success7 You should know better than ____ your little sister at home by herself.a to leaveb leavingc to have leftd left8 As the train will not leave until one hour later, we ____ grab a bite at the snack bar.a may wellb just as wellc might as welld as well9 She resorted to ____ when she had no money to buy foods for her children.a have stolenb stealc stoled stealing10 The boy has admitted to ____ the window while playing football yesterday.a breakingb having been brokenc breakd be breaking11 Betty advised me to label our luggage carefully in case it gets ____ in transit.A misused b mishandled c mistaken d mislaid12 Poverty is not ____ in most cities although, perhaps because of the crowded conditions in certain areas, it is more visible there.a rareb temporaryc prevalentd segmental13 People who live in small towns often seem more friendly than those living in ____ populated areas.a denselyb intenselyc abundantlyd highly14 As a way of ____ the mails while they were away, the Johnson’s asked the cleaning lady to send little printed slips asking the senders to write again later.a picking upb coping withc passing outd getting across15 Tom’s mother tried hard to persuade him to ____ from his intention to invest his savings in stock market.a pull outb give upc draw ind back down16 An increasing proportion of our population, unable to live without advanced medical ____, will become progressively more reliant on expensive technology.a interferenceb interruptionc interventiond interaction17 The news of our team winning the match was really ____, and millions of people came out tocelebrate the victory.a overwhelmingb accelerating d prompting d preceding18 What the government should do urgently is to take actions to ____ the economy.a brookb blushc boostd brood19 The explosion in the mine was ____ by a careless miner who lit a match.a triggeredb claimedc hampered d protested20 The mass newspaper depended significantly more on advertising ____ than did their predecessors.a revenuesb incomesc avenuesd outcomes21 Some minerals are quite common, others are regionally ___, and still others are rare on the earth.a attributedb distributedc contributed d scattered22 She remains confident and ____ untroubled by our present problems.a indefinitelyb infinitelyc optimisticallyd seemingly23 Fiber-optic cables can carry hundreds of telephone conversations ____.a simultaneouslyb spontaneouslyc homogeneouslyd contemporarily24 The police were alerted that the escaped criminal might be in the ____.a vainb vicinityc courtd jail25 Whether you live to eat or eat to live, food is a major ____ in every family’s budget.a nutritionb expenditurec routined provision26 Now a paper in Science argues that organic chemicals in the rock come mostly from ____ on earth rather than bacteria on Mars.a configurationb constitutionc condemnationd contamination27 It took a lot of imagination to come up with such an ____ plan.a brightb cleverc brilliantd ingenious28 In the refining process, rice and flour lose much of their ____.a acidb alcoholc vitamind sulphur29 Individual lines of the poem w ere very beautiful, but I didn’t see how the lines fit together. To me, the poem wasn’t ____.a inherentb coherentc logicald corporate30 To an especially sensitive child, a simple scolding can be a ____ experience.a hystericalb grievousc graciousd sensibleCLOZERumor is the most 31____ way of spreading stories---by passing them on from mouth 32____ mouth. But civilized countries in normal times have better 33____ of news than rumor. They have radio, television, and newspapers. In times of stress and 34____, 35____, rumor36____ and becomes widespread. At such 37____ the different kinds of news are in 38____, the press, television, and radio versus the grapevine. Especially 39____ rumors spread when war requires censorship on many important matters. The customary news sources no longer 40____ enough information. Since the people cannot learn 41____ legitimate channels all 42____ they are anxious to learn, they pick up “news” 43____ they can and when this 44____, rumor thrives.Rumors are often repeated 45____ by those who do not believe the tales. There is a fascination about them. The reason is 46____ the cleverly designed from rumor gives expressionto something deep in the hearts of the victims---the fears, suspicions, forbidden hopes, or daydreams which they hesitate to 47____ directly. Pessimistic rumors about defeat and disasters show that the people who repeat them are 48____ and anxious. 49____ rumors about record production or peace soon coming point to complacency or confidence---and often to 50____.31 a primitive b important c impossible d outstanding32 a till b to c for d by33 a means b ways c sources d resource34 a confusion b peace c prosperity d worried35 a and b however c so d therefore36 a emerges b immerge c immerse d immense37 a time b the times c times d the time38 a compete b competition c common d harmony39 a do b did c are d were40 a give up b give off c give out d send off41 a through b by c in d across42 a what b why c which d that43 a wherever b where c whatever d what44 a happened b would happen c happens d happen45 a ever b even c forever d much46 a that b what c why d how47 a act b voice c behave d do48 a happy b relieved c crazy d worried49 a Bad b Pessimistic c Optimistic d Good50 a overconfidence b overweightc over-considerated overproduce模拟试题三GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY1 ____ native to North America, corn has now spread all over the world.A In spite of b That it is c It was d Although2 Our civilization cannot thought of as ____ in a short period of time.a to have been createdb to be createdc having been created d being created3 We feel it is high time that the Government ____ something to check the inflation.a didb doc should do d would do4 It has been proposed that we ____ our decision until the next meeting.a delayedb delayc can delayd are to delay5 Hurricanes are severe cyclones with winds over seventy-five miles an hour ____ originate over tropical ocean waters.a whichb whoc whered how to6 Although ____ Spain, he attended the course.a he was knowingb he is knowingc having a knowledge ofd knows7 You ____ that letter to James. However, you didn’t.a ought to writeb ought to have writtenc should write d should be writing8 Joseph was very lucky ____ with his wife; he almost did not get out of the room.a to escapeb to have escapedc to escapingd to be escaping9 Bread and butter ____ liked by Westerners.a isb arec wered be10 The back garden of our house contains a lawn, ____ very pleasant to sit on in summer.a which isb which it isc it isd where it is11 The most successful way to solve the language problem while a foreign play is being performed is ____ translation.a instantaneousb spontaneousc simultaneousd homogeneous12 The hostess ____ in the contract that the rent should be paid in cash at the beginning of each month.a assumedb submittedc exposed d specified13 This year, the number of accidents has ____ that of last year.a overtakenb overweighedc overcomed overshadow14 You must ____ yourself or they will continue to bully you, so you will go on living in disgrace.a assessb assertc maintaind promote15 While both plans wer e perfectly sensible, only one seemed ____ in China’s particular situation.a availableb feasiblec resolvabled presumable16 After four years in the same job his enthusiasm finally ____.a deterioratedb dispersedc dissipated d drained17 No one can function properly if they are ____ of adequate sleep.a deprivedb rippedc stripped d contrived18 For years now, the people of that faraway country have been cruelly ____ by a dictator.a depressedb immersedc oppressed d cursed19 Ever since the rise of industrialism, education has been ____ towards producing workers.a harnessedb hatchedc motivated d geared20 The prospect of increased prices has already ____ worries.a provokedb irritatedc inspired d hoisted21 Many automobile accidents were ____ careless driving.a attributed tob resulted inc contributed to d raised from22 The actress wanted a hat to ____ her dress.a go byb go throughc go outd go with23 It takes a lot of ____ to put on a school play such as King Lear.A organization b arrangement c management d preparation24 The police carried out a(n) ____ search for the missing boy.a completeb entirec thoroughd whole25 The ____ crown jewels are kept in the Tower of London.a valuedb valuelessc invaluabled usable26 ____ money, she is quite rich. However, this does not mean that she is happy.a Concerningb As toc In terms ofd In the light of27 A well written composition ____ good choice of words and clear organization among other things.a calls forb calls onc calls upd calls off28 It is ____ with the customer not to let the shop assistants guess what she really likes and wants until the last moment.a in her honorb on her honorc a point of honord an honor29 This house will probably come on the ____ next month.a fairb marketc shopd store30 George was introduced to ____ activities at a young age, when he was hired to act as a lookout for drug dealers.illegal b lawful c faithful d peacefulCLOZEThere are more than forty universities in Britain---nearly twice as many as in 1960. During the 1960s eight completely new ones more founded, and ten other new ones were created 31____ converting old colleges of technology into universities. In the same period the 32____ of students more than doubled, from 70,000 to 33____ than 200,000. By 1973 about 10% of men aged from eighteen 34____ twenty-one were in universities and about 5% of women.All the universities are private institutions. Each has its 35 ____ governing councils, 36____ some local businessmen and local politicians as 37____ as a few academics. The state began to give grants to the fifty years 38____, and by 1970 each university derived nearly all its 39____ from state grants. Students have to 40____ fees and living costs, but every student may receive from the local authority of the place 41____ he lives a personal grant which is enough to pay his full costs, including lodging and 42____ unless his parents are 43____. Most 44____ take jobs in the summer 45____ about six weeks, but they do not normally do outside 46____ during the academic year. The Department of Education takes 47____ for the payments which cover the whole expenditure of the 48____, but it does not exercise direct control. It can have an important influence 49____ new developments through its power to distribute funds, but it takes the advice of the University Grants Committee, a body which is mainly 50____ of academics.31 a with b by c at d into32 a amount b quantity c lot d number33 a more b much c less d fewer34 a with b to c from d beyond35 a self b kind c own d personal36 a making b consisting c including d taking37 a good b long c little d well38 a ago b before c after d ever39 a suggestions b grades c profits d funds40 a make b pay c change d delay41 a what b which c where d how42 a living b drinking c food d shelter43 a poor b generous c kind-hearted d rich44 a professors b students c politicians d businessmen45 a at b since c with d for46 a travel b work c experiment d study47 a responsibility b advice c duty d pleasure48 a government b school c universities d committees49 a at b to c on d from50 a consisted b composed c made d taken模拟试题四GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY1 ____ is announced in the papers, our country has launched a large scale movement against smuggling and fraudulent activities in foreign currency exchange deals.a Whatb Asc Whichd That2 All the flights ____ because of the snowstorms, we had to take the train instead.a were canceledb had been canceledc having canceled d having been canceled3 Once ____, this power station will supply all the neighboring towns and villages with electricity.a it being completedb it completedc completed d it completes4 He might have been killed ____ the timely arrival of the ambulance.a but forb except forc besidesd except5 If you have never planted anything, you won’t be able to know the pleasure of watching the thing you have planted.a growb to growc growingd to be growing6 He set up in business ____ his own and was very successful.a inb ofc ond by7 John’s score on the test is the highest in the class; he ____ last night.a must studyb should have studiedc must have studied d is sure to study8 Frank almost never received any education, ____?a would heb did hec didn’t hed wouldn’t he9 Even if his letter ____ tomorrow, it ____ too late to do anything.a will arrive …isb should arrive…werec arrives…will bed arrives…would be10 We can hear ____ from the back of the room.a just as goodb just as easyc just as welld easily as well11 A good teacher must know how to ____ his ideas to the students, as generally agreed by educational experts.a transmitb transferc conveyd communicate12 If you keep on taking on more work than you can do, your health will ____.a declineb degradec degenerated deteriorate13 The director tried to wave aside these issues as ____ details that would be settled later.a preliminaryb primaryc triviald alternative14 As one of the youngest professors in the university, Miss King is certainly on the ____ of a brilliant career.a endb edgec threshold d course15 During the famine of 1943, millions of peasants ____ to the cities because they could not makea living in the countryside.a immigratedb emigratedc migrated d generated16 There is much I enjoy about the changing seasons, but my favorite time is the ____ from fall to winter.a transmissionb transformationc transitiond transfer17 I think we need to see an investment ____ before we make an expensive mistake.a guideb entrepreneurc consultantd assessor18 The ____ on this apartment expires in a year’s time.a treatyb leasec engagementd subsidy19 The elderly Russians find it hard to live on their state ____.a pensionb earningsc salariesd donations20 There is supposed to be a safety ____ which makes it impossible for trains to collide.a applianceb accessoryc machined mechanism21 Tom has been a vegetarian ____ principle for years.a inb onc ford by22 When I got out of the car and walked about among them, ____ one old man who shook his head disapprovingly, they all began to cheer.a see thatb except thatc provided that d except for23 ____ the water left in the kettle, the doctor put several things he unwrapped from a handkerchief.a Atb Toc Withind Into24 I am ____ grateful for the many kindnesses you have shown my son.a excessivelyb muchc certainlyd exceedingly25 The ____ of AIDS has led to an expansion in research seeking a cure.a innovationb selectionc proliferationd conviction26 An institution that properly carries the name university is a more comprehensive and complex institution than any other kind of higher education.a settlementb establishmentc constructiond structure27 People’s status in society is frequently ____ by how much they own.a measuredb examinedc tested d questioned28 Jack is so ____ to his appearance that he never has his clothes pressed.a adverseb anonymousc indifferentd casual29 There is an increasing ____ to make movies describing violence.a strengthb directionc traditiond trend30 Outside my office window there is a fire ____ on the right.a escapeb ladderc stepsd stairsCLOZEMany theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency (crimes committed by young people) focus either on the individual or on society as the major contributing influence. Theories 31____ on the individual suggest that children engage in criminal behavior 32____ they were not sufficiently penalized for previous misdeeds or that they have learned criminal behavior through 33____ with others. Theories focusing on the role of society suggest that children commit crimes in 34 ____ to their failure to rise above their socioeconomic status 35____ as a rejection of middle-class values.Most theories of juvenile delinquency have focused on children from disadvantaged families, 36____ the fact that children from wealthy homes also commit crimes. The latter may commit crimes 37____ lack of adequate parental control. All theories, however, are tentative and are 38____ to criticism.Changes in the social structure may indirectly 39____ juvenile crime rates. For example, changes in the economy that 40____ to fewer job opportunities for youth and rising unemployment 41____ make gainful employment increasingly difficult to obtain. The resulting discontent may in 42____ lead more youths into criminal behavior.Families have also 43____ changes these years. More families consist of one parent households or two working parents; 44____, children are likely to have less supervision at home 45____ was common in the traditional family 46____. This lack of parental supervision is thought to be an influence on juvenile crime rates. Other 47____ causes of offensive acts include frustration or failure in school, the increased 48____ of drugs and alcohol, and the growing 49____ of child abuse and child neglect. All these conditions tent to increase the probability of a child committing a criminal act, 50____ a direct causal relationship has not yet been established.31 a acting b relying c centering d cementing32 a before b unless c until d because33 a interactions b assimilation c cooperation d consultation34 a return b reply c reference d response35 a or b but rather c but d or else36 a considering b ignoring c highlighting d discarding37 a on b in c for d with38 a immune b resistant c sensitive d subject39 a affect b reduce c chock d reflect40 a point b lead c come d amount41 a in general b on average c by contrast d at length42 a case b short c turn d essence43 a survived b noticed c undertaken d experienced44 a contrarily b consequently c similarly d simultaneously45 a than b that c which d as46 a system b structure c concept d heritage47 a assessable b identifiable c negligible d incredible48 a expense b restriction c allocation d availability49 a incidence b awareness c exposure d popularity50 a provided b since c although d supposing模拟试题五GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY1 Nowhere in nature is aluminum found free, owing to its always ____ with other elements, most commonly with oxygen.a being combinedb having combinedc to combined combined2 Physics is in the present day equivalent of ____ used to be called natural philosophy, from ____ most of present day science arose.a which, whatb that, whichc what, whichd what, that3 On no account ____ ever leave the baby at home alone.a should youb you shouldc shall youd you shall4 ____ the center of our planetary system was considered as heresy by the church in the Middle Ages.。
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2013年英语专业四级完形填空练习题（12）PART I WRITING [15 MIN]In study after study, four traits are ____1____ of happy people. First, happy people, especially in ____2____ Western cultures, like themselves. On self-esteem tests, they agree with statements such as “I’m a lot of fun to be with” and “I have good ideas”. ____3____ we might expect of people who are usually happy, they report that they have positive self-esteem. Indeed, they usually have a good ____4____ of themselves: They believe themselves to be more ethical, more intelligent, ____5____ prejudiced, better able to get along with others, and healthier than the ____6____ person.Second, happy people typically feel ____7____ control. Feeling empowered rather than helpless, they also do better in school, ____8____ more at work, and cope better with stress.____9____ control over one’s life---- a phenomenon studied ____10____ prisoners, nursing-home patients, etc. ---- people ____11____ lower morale (士气) and worse health. Severe poverty is depressing if it destroys people’s ____12____ of control over their life.Third, happy people are usually optimistic. One could reason that pessimists, ____13____low expectations are so often ____14____, would constantly be surprised by joy. “Blessed is ____15____ who expects nothing, for he shall never be disappointed,” wrote poet Alexander Pope in a 1727 letter. ____ 16____ , positive-thinking optimists, those who agree that “when I ____17____ somethin g new, I expect to succeed” tend to be more successful, healthier, and happier.Fourth, happy people are extroverted. ____18____ we might expect that introverts live more happily in the peacefulness of their less-stressed contemplative (思考的) lives, extroverts are happier---- whether living and working ____19____ or with others and whether living in ____20____ or metropolitan areas.1. A. special B. identical C. typical D. symbolic2. A. individual B. individualized C. individualistic D. individualism3. A. Though B. As C. Since D. While4. A. thinking B. idea C. evaluation D. opinion5. A. more B. greater C. less D. worse6. A. ordinary B. normal C. rest D. average7. A. private B. individual C. personal D. subjective8. A. succeed B. acquire C. award D. achieve9. A. Depriving B. Depriving of C. Deprived D. Deprived of10. A. in B. with C. on D. at11. A. suffer B. suffering C. suffered D. being suffered12. A. feeling B. sense C. emotion D. act13. A. whom B. whose C. what D. that14. A. extended B. surmounted C. exceeded D. transcended15. A. he B. his C. him D. one16. A. Nevertheless B. Moreover C. More or less D. Insofar17. A. accomplish B. undertake C. encounter D. engage18. A. Because B. Whenever C. Although D. Even if19. A. singly B. alone C. lonely D. solely20. A. county B. urban C. rural D. suburbanPart II GRAMMAR ＆VOCABULARY[15 MIN]1．Every year I have my doctor _____ on my physical condition.A．check in B．check up C．check into D．check out 2．This ticket _____ you to a free meal in our new restaurant.A．gives B．entitles C．grants D．credits3．A child who does well in exams is always _____ on to do better.A．encouraged B．approved C．spurred D．inspired 4．The local peasants gave the soldiers clothes and food without which they _____ of hunger and cold.A．would die B．will die C．would be dead D．would have died 5．_____ time and labor, cartoonists generally draw the hands of their characters with only three fingers anda thumb.A．Saved B．Saves C．To save D．The saving 6．Riding my bicycle home from school, _____ as I went around the corner.A．a car hit me B．I was striked by a carC．I was struck by a car D．I was struck with a car7．Jane was scolded by the director because he left the office with the door _____.A．unlocking B．not being locked C．unlocked D．not locking 8．They _____ the lecture, but upon learning that we would discuss something irrelevant to their field of study, they gave it up.A．were going to attend B．were to attend C．would have attended D．had attended9．Without electronic computers, much of today's advanced technology _____.A．have not been achieved B．would not achieveC．would not have been achieved D．would not be achieved10．_____ knows the truths about it will tell you.A．Who that B．That C．Whoever D．That who 11．It was not yet eleven o'clock _____ a boat crossed the river with a single passenger who had obtained his transportation at that unusual hour by promising an extra fare.A．what B．when C．that D．which 12．Women workers wear hats _____ their hair gets caught in the machinery.A．if B．in case C．unless D．because 13．No sooner had they come back _____ they went to sleep.A．when B．then C．until D．than14．It _____ our teacher came that we begun the test.A．was until B．was not until C．not until D．until was 15．_____, glasses can correct most sight defects in healthy eyes.A．When well fitted B．Being fitted C．was fitted D．fitted16．We should make a clear _____ between the two scientific terms for the purpose of our discussion．A．distinction B．discrimination C．deviation D．separation 17．Rumors are everywhere, spreading fear, damaging reputations, and turning calm situations into ______ ones．A．tragic B．turbulent C．vulnerable D．suspicious 18．I was deeply impressed by the hostess' ________ and enjoyed the dinner party very much．A．hostility B．indignation C．hospitality D．humanity 19．All imaginative _______ is a reflection of the real word．A．invention B．creation C．discovery D．illusion 20．Two discussions from different points of view may ______ each other．A．complexion B．compliment C．appendix D．complement 21．Now a paper in Science argues that organic chemicals in the rock come mostly from ______ on earth rather than on Mars．A．configuration B．constitution C．condemnation D．contamination22．The library has a vital role in our search for knowledge．It serves as a workshop for the entire college or university, students and ______ alike．A．executives B．faculty C．crew D．staffs23．In general, matters which lie entirely within state borders are the ______ concern of state government．A．extinct B．excluding C．excessive D．exclusive 24．The old sailor had never studied navigation, but he had good _____ knowledge of it．A．periodical B．tropical C．empirical D．vertical 25．He _______ the truth at last by questioning all the bots in the school．A．caused B．resulted C．aroused D．elicited 26．The new secretary has written a remarkably ______ report only in a few pages but with all the details．A．concise B．clear C．precise D．elaborate 27．The lady in this strange tale very obviously suffers from a serious mental illness．Her plot against a completely innocent old man is a clear sign of _______．A．impulse B．disposition C．insanity D．inspiration 28．The two playwrights worked in close ______ with each other on the script．A．collaboration B．circulation C．coalition D．inspiration 29．The police stopped me the other day as I was driving home, because I was ______ the speed limit．A．transcending B．exceeding C．surpassing D．overtaking 30．Some people are more _____ to sea-sickness．A．inclined B．liable C．likely D．apt31．I think she hurt my feeling ______ rather than by accident as she claimed．A．virtually B．deliberately C．literally D．appropriated 32．Some American colleges are state-supported, others are privately _______, and still others are supportedby religious organizations．A．ensured B．attributed C．authorized D．endowed 33．Parents take a great interest in the _____ questions raised by their children．A．nasty B．naive C．obscure D．offensive 34．He is well _______ with the history of the company．A．blessed B．conformed C．complied D．acquainted 35．He wrote to me last week regarding a teaching _____ he thought might interest me．A．profession B．proportion C．provision D．proposition 36．Competition would promote _____ and innovation.A．stagnancy B．efficiency C．complacency D．inadvertency 37．The survey gave further _____ of continuing strength in investment.A．incidence B．prudence C．prevalence D．evidence 38．Authorities are mounting a campaign to combat an alarming rise in juvenile _____ and drug taking.A．delinquency B．mistake C．evil D．crime 39．Office politics is a universal problem that _____ culture.A．goes into B．goes for C．goes with D．goes beyond 40．The Federal Reserve and other central banks spend a(n）________ $1 billion to $3 billion buying the UScurrency.A．estimated B．exact C．evaluated D．calculated 41．One may call this a crisis situation because the dollar has _____ quite steadily.A．depreciated B．converted C．circulated D．alleviated 42．It is very discourteous to be _____ during someone's conversation.A．in the way B．in a way C．leading the way D．giving way 43．The problem is ______ easy．But I am sure you will find a solution to it if you work.A．above all B．terribly C．nothing but D．anything but 44．The first phone cards went into ______ in Italy in 1976．Since then they have been issued in every country.A．circulation B．business C．currency D．force45．If you spend all your time and energy trying to _____ out what words got said, you miss out on comprehending the message.A．finger B．feature C．nurture D．figure 46．Language and cultural ______ have prevented many people from moving easily in American society.A．barriers B．similarities C．problems D．disagreement 47．He wrote against people who would not show _____ to all religions.A．complacency B．mercy C．incompetence D．persistency 48．The painting is thought to be _____．There is not another one like it in the worldA．peculiar B．unique C．single D．sterile 49．The school _____ to him missing classes without permission.A．objected B．adjusted C．appealed D．conformed 50．His car is a much older _____ than ours.A．model B．pattern C．manufacture D．formPART III WRITING 【45 MIN】SECTION A COMPOSITION [35 MIN]Nowadays, while many college graduates fight fiercely for a position in big cities, some of them choose to leave big cities for the countryside and work as vi llage officials. What in your mind are the possible benefits of this choice? Write on Answer Sheet Two a composition of about 200 words on the following topic:College Graduates Work as Village OfficialsYou are to write in three parts.In the first part, state specifically what your idea is.In the second part, provide reasons to support your opinion OR describe your idea.In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary.Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the instructions may result in a loss of marks.Section B NOTE-WRITINGWrite on ANSWER SHEET THREE a note of about 50-60 words based on the following situation: Professor Li has just returned from Britain. Your department is going to invite him to give a lecture on “The British Literature”. Write him a note expressing your interest and invite him to be a guest speaker.Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness.。