定语从句which
定语从句中的which
定语从句中的which定语从句中的which只能使用which的情况:1. 在“介词＋关系代词”结构中，关系代词必须用which。
如： The house in which we live is very large. 我们住的房子非常大。
This is the reference book of which the teacher is speaking. 这就是老师正在谈及的那本参考书。
注意：如果介词不放在修饰事物的限定性定语从句的句首，which就可换为that，例如： This is the question which/that we've had so much discussion about. =This is the question about which we've had so much discussion. 这就是我们已经多次讨论过的问题。
2. 先行词为“those＋表事物的复数名词”时，关系代词通常只用which而不用that。
如：you should grasp well those skills which may be used in the future work.最后，记得这个特殊情况吧：当先行词是表示原因或方式的名词时，可以用that引导定语从句，相当于介词+which，that可以省略。
如： She likes the child for the very reason that (=for which) she loves his father. 她喜欢那个孩子因为她爱着孩子的父亲。
He didn't like the way that (=in which) she speaks to his mother. 他不喜欢她对他的母亲那样说话。
Imagine the speed that (=at which) he drives the car. 很难想象，他开车开得那么快。
which 定语从句
which 定语从句“Which 定语从句”是结构相对复杂的定语从句，它一般用于修饰表示物品、地方或时间的名词，其中引导词为which。
通常，which 定语从句会位于所修饰的名词之后。
它可以将主句中出现的某个名词或代词进行具体化，以明确某人或某事物。
1. 物品定语从句中which最常用于修饰物品，例如：He bought a car which cost him a lot of money.他买了一辆花了他很多钱的车。
She bought a dress which she liked very much.她买了一件她很喜欢的裙子。
2. 地点which 也可以用于修饰某些地点，例如：We went to the park which was near our school.我们去了离学校很近的公园。
He moved to a small town which was in the countryside.他搬到了一个位于乡村的小镇上。
3. 时间which 也可以用于修饰表示时间的名词，例如：I remember the year which we spent together.我记得我们共度的那一年。
I will never forget that summer which we shared.我永远不会忘记我们一起度过的那个夏天。
4. 关系副词which 定语从句还可以通过关系副词（in which, on which, at which 等）修饰某些时间、地点或物件，例如：I visited the museum in which I used to go when I was a child.我参观了我小时候常去的博物馆。
She gave me the book on which she had written her name.她给了我她写过名字的那本书。
总之，which 定语从句是一种相对复杂的定语从句，它可以用于修饰表示物品、地点或时间的名词，也可以通过关系副词修饰某些时间、地点或物件。
which引导定语从句用法
which引导定语从句用法which引导定语从句用法:关系代词which引导的定语从句，指物，在从句中可以作主语、宾语等。
多数情况下，可与that互换。
但是要注意当从句中，介词提前只能用which，而且，在非限制性定语从句中，which引导的句子单独翻译为一句话。
(1)“The ability to guard customer data is the key to market value, which the board is responsible for on behalf of shareholders。
”考点：board董事会，be responsible for代表， on behalf of代表(注意在写作中的应用)，shareholder股东解析：这个句子难度为低级，划横线部分为主句只有一个难点就是which 的先行词是谁，是句子还是前面的一个名词，很显然，这个句子中是指市场价值，而不是这种能力。
翻译：保护客户资料的能力是市场价值的关键，董事会代表股东对市场价值负有责任。
难点总结：介词短语，which的先行词，非限制性定语从句一般翻译为一个单句。
(2)In Europe, as elsewhere, multi-media groups have been increasingly successful: groups which bring together television, radio, newspapers, magazines and publishing houses that work in relation to one another。
考点：multi-media 传媒集团(最好不要翻译为多媒体集团)， bring together 组织，集合，work in relation to one another 彼此协作，publishing houses出版社解析：此句难度为高级，划线部分为主句，冒号后是主句的同位语，由which引导的定语从句来修饰groups，句尾还有that引导的定语从句来修饰television, radio, newspapers, magazines and publishing houses。
which引导的定语从句
which引导的定语从句which引导的定语从句which在句子中用来作为修饰事物的先行词，通常在which引导的定语从句中可见。
一般情况下，which多用来引导非限制性定语从句，主语，宾语，表语，句子等多为which在定语从句中充当的部分，下面店铺为大家带来的which引导的定语从句！which引导的定语从句which可以引导定语从句，修饰表示事物的先行词，在定语从句中充当主语、宾语或者表语。
例如：He was reading a book，which was about war. 他正在读一本关于战争的书。
（关系代词which在修饰book的定语从句中充当主语。
）He was reading a book， which he had bought from London. 他正在读一本书，这本书是从伦敦买回来的。
（关系代词which在修饰book的定语从句中充当宾语。
）which引导非限定性定语从句时有一个特殊用法，即它所引导的非限定性定语从句修饰主句中更多的部分甚至整个主句（这时被定语从句所修饰的“先行词”要作广义理解），which仍在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语。
例如：He set free the birds happily， which was a celebration for his success. 他开心地把鸟放了，这是对他成功的一种庆祝。
把非限定性定语从句“which was a celebration for his success”的先行词视为主句中的“the birds”显然不符合整句的语境，被“which was a celebration for his success”所修饰的是整个主句，which所引导的这类特殊的非限定性定语从句对主句所叙述的情况进行某种意义的补充说明，which常可译为“这一点，这件事”。
［考题1］ You can find whatever you need at the shopping centre， ____ is always busy at the weekend. （2006上海春）A. thatB. whereC. whatD. which［答案］ D［解析］引导一个非限定性定语从句修饰the shopping centre，应选用D选项中的关系代词which，which在该定语从句中充当主语。
定语从句中 which,that 的用法与区别
定语从句中 which,that 的用法与区别定语从句中 which, that 的用法与区别在英语语法中，定语从句是用来修饰名词或代词的从句。
其中，which和that是两个常用的关系代词，在定语从句中经常被使用。
本文将就which和that的用法和区别进行探讨。
一、which的用法1. 用于非限定性定语从句非限定性定语从句通常用which来引导，并用逗号与主句分隔开，这种从句对于句子的意思并非必不可少的。
例句：My brother, which is a doctor, works in a hospital.2. 用于代表整个主句的内容有时which可以用来代表整个主句的内容，这种情况下，which后面的动词一般为be动词。
例句：The weather is terrible today, which makes me feel depressed.3. 用于介词后面当which引导的定语从句介词后面是关于整个句子的概括性内容时，我们常使用which。
例句：The book on the table, which I borrowed from the library, is very interesting.二、that的用法1. 用于限定性定语从句限定性定语从句是对名词或代词进行限制性修饰，它不能被省略，通常用that来引导。
例句：The car that is parked outside is mine.2. 用来修饰特定的人或物有时候，that用来修饰特定的人或事物。
它在句中的位置通常比较靠前，且较为强调。
例句：That man that you were talking to is my boss.三、which和that的区别1. 关于使用的限制性which通常用于非限制性定语从句，而that则多用于限定性定语从句。
2. 关于逗号的使用which引导的非限定性定语从句通常与逗号一起使用，而that引导的限定性定语从句则不用逗号分隔。
定语从句连接词which
定语从句连接词which定语从句连接词which用法which是定语从句的关系代词之一。
GMAT语法考试限定，which有且仅有两种用法。
一，which前面有逗号，逗号前面是个名词，which就近指代那个名词。
(1) Tankfield emailed Pea some photos, which did not cheer Pea up.which就近指代photos，定语从句中谓语动词did not cheer (Pea up)的发出者即从句主语即先行词photos，是photos没让豌豆家属高兴起来。
(2) Tankfield emailed Pea some photos, which Pea did not find interesting.which就近指代photos，photos是定语从句中的宾语，把定语从句还原成一个完整句就是Pea did not find the photos interesting.可以看到，上面两个句子都可以以that为关系代词改写，即(1)’ Tankfield emailed Pea some photos t hat did not cheer Pea up.(2)’ Tankfield emailed Pea some photos that Pea did not find interesting.改写与原版区别在哪儿?就在一个逗号。
which前面是名词，名词和which 之间没逗号的，在GMAT语法里算错。
二，which前面是介词，介词前面是名词，which就近指代介词前的那个名词，名词和介词之间有无逗号均可。
Tankfield once lent Pea a book from which Pea glimpsed the basics of genes.这个句子可以“拆”成如下两句：(每个定语从句都可以拆成两句，以先行词为拆分点)Tankfield once lent Pea a book. Pea glimpsed the basics of genes from the book.先行词实际上是定语从句中介词的宾语，这时，需要把介词提前，避免如下表达：Tankfield once lent Pea a book, which Pea glimpsed the basics of genes from. (XXX)Tankfield once lent Pea a book that Pea glimpsed the basics of genes from. (XXX)拓展：定语从句中的`that和which用法区别that和which在从句里都可以做宾语和主语，做宾语时可以省略。
定语从句that和which以及who的用法实用
定语从句that和which以及who的用法实用定语从句是修饰名词的从句，常用的引导词有that、which和who。
它们的用法如下：1. that引导的定语从句：-用于修饰人或物，在从句中既可以作主语也可以作宾语。
-可用于限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句。
-通常不用逗号与主句隔开。
限定性定语从句的例子：- The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting.- I have a friend that can speak five languages.非限定性定语从句的例子：- My brother, that lives in New York, is a lawyer.2. which引导的定语从句：-只用于修饰物，不能修饰人。
-通常用于非限定性定语从句。
-用逗号与主句隔开。
非限定性定语从句的例子：- I bought a new car, which is very fast.3. who引导的定语从句：-只用于修饰人。
-可用于限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句。
-通常不用逗号与主句隔开，但在非限定性定语从句中使用逗号。
限定性定语从句的例子：- The girl who is sitting next to me is my sister.- We need to find a person who can speak French.非限定性定语从句的例子：- The CEO, who was born in Australia, speaks fluent Mandarin.。
which在定语从句中的用法
1 / 5which在定语从句中的用法xxxx关系代词which一般指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或定语，既可引导限制性定语从句，又可引导非限制性定语从句。
下面就进行归纳总结：1.引导限制性定语从句A shop should keep a stock of those goods which sell best. 商店应存有最畅销的货物。
This is the family which is planning to move to the party. 这是要搬进城里的一家。
2.引导非限制性定语从句。
（1）用来指代一个句子。
因特网是如此有趣，它使任何事都有可能发生。
（2）用来指代句子的一部分。
When deep in thought, which he often was, he would forget all around him. 他常常陷入沉思，这时他就会忘掉周围的一切。
（3）如果要引导两个非限制性定语从句，第二个which前要加and. He bought a book, which was written by LuXun, and which he decided to give to hisfriend.他买了本xx写的书，他决定送给朋友。
3.名词＋of＋which（＝ofwhich＋名词＝whose+名词）通常放在先行词的后面。
I'd like a room the window of which looks out over the sea. / I'd like a room ofwhich the window looks out over the sea. / I'd like a room whose window looks out overthe sea.2 / 5我要一间窗户面临xx的房间。
4.介词＋which的替代作用。
（1）作时间状语替代when。
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定语从句which历年高考真题----定语从句which讲解，分为6部分；可作为专项练习用。
(1985)4. In fact the Swede did not understand the three questions__________ were asked in French.(A)where (B)who (C)in which (D)which答案解析：从句部分缺主语，排除A,D；从句代指的先行词为the three question, 所以排除B.(2004京春)23. Luckily, we’d brought a road map without __________ we would have lost our way.A. itB. thatC. thisD. which答案解析：从句部分缺状语，排除A,C;从句是介词+which的类型, 所以排除B.(2013山东) 31. Finally he reached a lonely island __________ was completely cut off from the outside world.A. whenB. whereC. whichD. whom答案解析：从句部分缺主语，排除A,B,D.(2003北京）24．York, ___________last year, is a nice old city.A．that I visited B．which I visitedC．where I visited D．in which I visited答案解析：非限制性定语从句，排除A;从句中，缺个宾语，排除C,D(2005湖北) 29．Her sister has become a lawyer, __________she wanted to be. A．who B．that C．what D．which答案解析：从句部分缺表语，排除C;从句为非限制性定语从句，排除B；从句代指的先行词为a lawyer(此处为职业), 所以排除A.(1990）24.He paid the boy $ 10 for washing ten windows ,most of__________ hadn't been cleaned for at least a year.A.theseB.thoseC.thatD.which答案解析：从句为非限制性定语从句，排除A,B,C；(1991）24. She heard a terrible noise, __________brought her heart into her mouth.A.itB.whichC.thisD.that答案解析：从句为非限制性定语从句，排除A,C,D；(2005沪春）40.The United States is made up of fifty states, one of __________ is separated from the others by the Pacific Ocean.A. themB.thoseC. whichD.whose答案解析：从句为非限制性定语从句，排除A,B；从句部分的主语one of (宾语fifty states)，排除D(whose作定语)，如whose book;(2012山东）23. Maria has written two novels, both of ________ have been made into television series.A. themB. thatC. whichD. what答案解析：从句为非限制性定语从句，排除A,B,D；(2011浙江)8. English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of ______ uses it somewhat differently.A. whichB. whatC. themD. those答案解析：从句为非限制性定语从句，排除B,C,D；(2011湖南)25. Julia was good at German, French and Russian, all of _______ she spoke fluently.A. whoB. whomC. whichD. that答案解析：从句为非限制性定语从句，排除D；从句部分的主语all of (宾语German, French and Russian)，排除A,B(2010江苏) 32. The newly built café, the walls of_______ are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, specially after hard work.A. thatB. itC. whatD. which答案解析：从句为非限制性定语从句，排除A,B,C；(2008浙江) 8. Yesterday she sold her car, ______ she bought a month ago. A. whom B. where C. that D. which答案解析：从句为非限制性定语从句，排除C；从句部分缺宾语，排除B；从句部分代指的先行词her car，排除A.(1994）39.The weather turned out to be very good, __________was more than we could expect.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.it答案解析：从句为非限制性定语从句，排除A,C,D；(1999）19．Carol said the work would be done by October, __________personally I doubt very much.A. itB.thatC.whenD.which答案解析：从句为非限制性定语从句，排除A,B；从句部分缺宾语，排除C；(1998上海）22．He was very rude to the Customs officer, _________ of course made things even worse.A.whoB. whomC. whatD. which答案解析：从句为非限制性定语从句，排除C；从句部分缺主语，排除B；从句的先行词代指整个主句，排除A.(2000) 17．Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, ________,of course , made the others unhappy.A．who B．which C．this D．what答案解析：从句为非限制性定语从句，排除C,D；从句的先行词代指整个主句，排除A.(2000京春) 10. The result of the experiment was very good, ________ we hadn't expected.A. whenB. thatC. whichD. what答案解析：从句为非限制性定语从句，排除A,D；(2004浙江）35. Anyway, that evening, __________ I’ll tell you more about later, I ended up staying at Rachel’s place.A. whenB. whereC. whatD. which答案解析：从句为非限制性定语从句，排除C；从句的先行词代指整个主句，排除A,B.(2001京春) 11. John said he'd been working in the office for an hour, __________ was true.A.heB.thisC. whichD. who答案解析：从句为非限制性定语从句，排除A,B；从句的先行词代指整个主句，排除D.(2004天津）23. Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others ,________ , of course , made the others envy him .A. whoB. thatC. whatD. which答案解析：从句为非限制性定语从句，排除B,C；从句的先行词代指整个主句，排除A.(2005浙江)2．Jim passed the driving test, ______ surprised everybody in the office.A．which B．that C．this D．it答案解析：从句为非限制性定语从句，排除B,C,D；(2012陕西)14. It is the third time that she has won the race, ______ has surprised us all.A. thatB. whereC.whichD. what答案解析：从句为非限制性定语从句，排除A,D；(2011北京) 26．Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others,__________, of course, made all the others upset.A．who B．which C．what D．that答案解析：从句为非限制性定语从句，排除C,D；从句的先行词代指整个主句，排除A.(2011全2)7．Ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a T-shirt, ______ is a stupid thing to do in such weather.A．this B．that C．what D．which答案解析：从句为非限制性定语从句，排除A,B,C；(2010四川)10．After graduating from college，I took some time off to go travelling，_______turned out to be a wise decision．A．that B．which C．when D．where答案解析：从句为非限制性定语从句，排除A；从句的先行词代指整个主句,作主语，排除C,D(2009全2) 17. My friend showed me round the town, __________was very kind of him.A. whichB. thatC. whereD. it答案解析：从句为非限制性定语从句，排除B,D；从句的先行词代指整个主句,作主语，排除C.(2009山东) 24. Whenever I met her, _________ was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweet smile.A. whoB. whichC. whenD. that答案解析：从句为非限制性定语从句，排除D；(2009辽宁)23. They’ve won their last three matches, ________I find a bit surprising.A. thatB. whenC. whatD. which答案解析：从句为非限制性定语从句，排除A,C；从句的先行词代指整个主句，排除B.(2008全2) 16. The road conditions there turned out to be very good, __________ was more than we could expect.A. itB. whatC. whichD. that答案解析：从句为非限制性定语从句，排除A,B,D；(2007湖南) 32. By serving others, a person focuses on someone other than himself or herself, ___________ can be very eye-opening and rewarding.A. whoB. whichC. whatD. that答案解析：从句为非限制性定语从句，排除C,D；从句的先行词代指整个主句，排除A.(2007上海) 37. His movie won several awards at the film festival, ______ was beyond his wildest dream.A. whichB. thatC. whereD. it答案解析：从句为非限制性定语从句，排除B,D；从句的先行词代指整个主句，排除C.(2006江苏) 29．The owner of the cinema needed to make a lot of improvements and employ more people to keep it running , __________meant spending tens of thousands of pounds .A．who B．that C．as D．which答案解析：从句为非限制性定语从句，排除B；从句的先行词代指整个主句，排除A,C,As一般构成as is expected, as is said, as is shown from the picture, as I said,一般译为：正如…….(2012北京) 26. When deeply absorbed in work, ______ he often was，he would forget all about eating or sleeping.A. thatB. whichC. whereD. when答案解析：从句为非限制性定语从句，排除A；从句的先行词代指整个主句，排除C,D.(2013辽宁) 34. He may win the competition, __________ he is likely to get into the national team.A. in which caseB. in that caseC. in what caseD. in whose case答案解析：从句为非限制性定语从句，排除B,C；从句的先行词代指整个主句，排除D.(2013天津) 6. We have launched another man-made satellite, __________ is announced in today’s newspaper.A. thatB. whichC. whoD. what答案解析：从句为非限制性定语从句，排除A,D；从句的先行词代指整个主句，排除C.(2013安徽) 29. Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012, __________made one of the Chinese people’s long-held dreams come true.A. itB. thatC. whatD. which答案解析：从句为非限制性定语从句，排除A,B,D；(2012沪春）36. Sailing across the ocean alone was an achievement ______ took courage.A. whatB. whoC. whichD. where答案解析：从句为定语从句，排除A；从句的缺主语，排除D；从句的先行词为Sailing across the ocean alone，排除B.(2011福建)24. She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students,__________ allows them to communicate freely with each other.A. whichB. whereC. whatD. who答案解析：从句为定语从句，排除C；从句的缺主语，排除B；从句的先行词为an atmosphere，排除D.(2011上海)39.You’ll find taxis waiting at the bus station,__________ you can hire to reach your host family.A. whichB. whereC. whenD. as 答案解析：从句的缺宾语，排除B,C；从句的先行词为taxis，排除D.(2007浙江) 14. Chan’s restaurant on Baker Street, __________used to be poorly run, is now a successful business.A. thatB. whichC. whoD. where答案解析：从句为非限制性定语从句，排除A；从句的缺主语，排除D,从句的先行词为Chan’s restaurant，排除C.(2013江苏) 32. The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China, __________ he remembers starting as early as his childhood.A. whereB. whichC. whatD. when答案解析：从句为非限制性定语从句，排除C；从句的缺宾语，排除A,D,从句的代指的先行词为passion，从句为he remembers the passion starting as early as his childhood, the passion为动名词复合结构the passion starting的逻辑主语。