2019届高考英语复习第一部分要点Module3BodyLanguageandNon_verbalCommunication语篇解题微技巧外研版必修4
近年高考英语大一轮复习第一部分Module3BodyLanguageandNon-VerbalCo
2019版高考英语大一轮复习第一部分Module 3 Body Language and Non-Verbal Communication课下作业外研版必修4编辑整理：尊敬的读者朋友们：这里是精品文档编辑中心，本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布的，发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对，但是难免会有疏漏的地方，但是任然希望（2019版高考英语大一轮复习第一部分Module 3 Body Language and Non-Verbal Communication课下作业外研版必修4）的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。
同时也真诚的希望收到您的建议和反馈，这将是我们进步的源泉，前进的动力。
本文可编辑可修改，如果觉得对您有帮助请收藏以便随时查阅，最后祝您生活愉快业绩进步，以下为2019版高考英语大一轮复习第一部分Module 3 Body Language and Non-Verbal Communication课下作业外研版必修4的全部内容。
Module 3 Body Language and Non-Verbal CommunicationⅠ.重点单词—识记·联想·运用[会书写]一、核心单词1。
deal n. 协议;交易2。
panic v。
恐慌；惊慌3。
request n. 请求；要求4.stare vi. 凝视；盯着看5。
rude adj. 粗鲁的；无礼的6.spread vi. 张开7。
live adj。
现场的二、阅读单词1。
aggressive adj。
攻击的；挑斗的；挑衅的2.gesture n. 姿势；姿态3。
bend vt. 弯下腰4.classical adj。
古典的；古代的5.applause n。
掌声三、拓展单词1。
formal adj正式的→informal adj.非正式的2。
traditionally adv。
传统地→traditional adj.传统的→tradition n.传统3.involve vt。
高考英语一轮复习Module3BodyLanguageandNon-verbalCommunica
2018-2019学年高考英语一轮复习Module 3 Body Language and Non-verbal Communication高考试卷分块专练外研版必修4编辑整理：尊敬的读者朋友们：这里是精品文档编辑中心，本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布的，发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对，但是难免会有疏漏的地方，但是任然希望（2018-2019学年高考英语一轮复习Module 3 Body Language and Non-verbal Communication高考试卷分块专练外研版必修4）的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。
同时也真诚的希望收到您的建议和反馈，这将是我们进步的源泉，前进的动力。
本文可编辑可修改，如果觉得对您有帮助请收藏以便随时查阅，最后祝您生活愉快业绩进步，以下为2018-2019学年高考英语一轮复习Module 3 Body Language and Non-verbal Communication高考试卷分块专练外研版必修4的全部内容。
Module 3 Body Language and Non-verbal Communication高考试卷分块专练错误!错误!Ⅰ。
语法填空（2018·太原市模拟）I had hardly sat down on the train and opened a bar of chocolate __1__ a really old man with huge bags sat down across from me。
I said hello __2__ him， smiling sweetly and then I suddenly thought，“Why not offer him a piece of chocolate？" So I did. He was quite __3__ (surprise）， but accepted and thanked me。
2019版高考英语一轮复习Module3BodyLanguageandNonverbalCommun
Module 3 Body Language and Non-verbal Communication[一积词汇见多识广][课内单词回扣](一)阅读词汇写其义1．weapon n．武器2．forehead n．前额3．bow vi. 鞠躬4．palm n. 手掌5．slap vt. 掌击6．funeral n. 葬礼7．toast n. 祝酒；干杯8．classical adj. 古典的；古代的9．handclap n. 拍手10．wrist n. 手腕(二)表达词汇写其形1．stare vi. 凝视；盯着看2．rude adj. 粗鲁的；无礼的3．request n. 请求；要求4．applause n. 掌声5．deal n. 协议；交易6．gesture n. 姿势；姿态7．spread vi. 张开8．panic v. 恐慌；惊慌9．live adj. 现场的10．blank adj. 空白的11．bend vt. 弯下腰12．hug vt. 紧抱；拥抱13．wipe vt. 擦；抹；揩14．host n. 主人(三)拓展词汇灵活用*municate vi.(用语言、信号)传递信息；交流；沟通→communication n．交流；沟通*2.vary vi.变化；(大小、形状等)相异，不同→variety n．变化；多样化；种类→variable adj.易变的；变化的→various adj.各种各样的；多方面的3.formal adj.正式的→(反义词)informal adj.非正式的*4.traditionally adv.传统地→traditional adj.传统的→tradition n．传统*5.threatening adj.恐吓的；具有威胁的→threaten v．威胁→threat n．威胁6.conscious adj.意识到的；自觉的→(反义词)unconscious adj.无意识的；无知觉的*7.favour n．恩惠；善意的行为；支持；赞同→favourable adj.赞同的；有利的→favourite adj.特别喜爱的n.特别喜爱的人(或事物)8.invitation n．邀请→invite vt.邀请9.performance n．表演→performer n．表演者→perform v．表演；表现10.judgement n．判断；意见→judge v．判断n.裁判；法官11.social adj.社会的→society n．社会用上面标注*的单词的正确形式填空1．There is a tradition in our family that we have a party on New Year's Eve. We usually have China's traditional food — dumplings on that day.(tradition) 2．Being out of work is threatening. But the threat can urge the workers to work harder.(threat)3．I'm in favour of the plan, which will be favourable to the development of children.(favour)4．In our daily life, communication plays an important part, so it's important to develop the ability to communicate with others.(communicate)5．There are a variety of animals and plants in the world. They vary in shape and size and exist in many parts of the world. But for various reasons, some of them are dying out.(vary)[话题单词积累]1．greet/ɡriːt/ vt. 迎接；问候2．approach/ə'prəʊtʃ/ v. 接近；靠近；走近3．cheek/tʃiːk/ n. 面颊4．misunderstand/ˌmIsʌndə'stænd/ vt.误解；误会5．misunderstanding/ˌmIsʌndə'stændIŋ/ n.误解；误会6．understanding/ʌndə'stændIŋ/ n. 理解7．spoken/'spəʊk(ə)n/ adj. 口语的8．unspoken/ˌʌn'spəukən/ adj. 未说出口的；非口语的9．posture/'pɒstʃə/ n. 姿势；体态10．frown/fraʊn/ v. 皱眉；蹙额11．misread/mIs'riːd/ vt. 读错，误解12．facial/'feIʃ(ə)l/ adj. 面部的13．anger/'æŋɡə/ n. 怒气，怒火14．fist/fIst/ n. 拳头15．yawn/jɔːn/ vi. 打哈欠16．kiss/kIs/ n．& v. 吻17．touch/tʌtʃ/ v. 触摸18．shoulder/'ʃəʊldə/ n. 肩膀19．nod/nɒd/ n．& v. 点头20．disagreement/dIsə'ɡriːmənt/ n. 不同意21．agreement/ə'ɡriːm(ə)nt/ n. 同意22．roll/rəʊl/ v. 转动；滚动23．clap/klæp/ n．& v. 鼓掌；拍手24．pat/pæt/ vt. 轻拍25．shrug/ʃrʌɡ/ v. 耸肩26．finger/'fIŋɡə/ n. 手指27．offence/ə'fens/ n. 过错28．confusing/kən'fjuːzIŋ/ adj. 令人困惑的[二积短语顿挫抑扬][课内短语回扣](一)根据汉语写出下列短语municate_with 和……交流2.vary_from_..._to_... 从……到……变化3.shake_hands_with 与……握手*4.on_guard (保持)警惕5.make_a_deal 达成协议；做成交易*6.hold_up 举起；阻碍；承受住*7.give_away_ 暴露(自己的情况)；捐赠8.lift_up_ 举起；抬起9.up_and_down 一上一下地；起起落落；来来回回*10.by_accident_ 偶然地11.say_hello_to_ 向……问好12.switch_on_ 打开(灯、无线电等)(二)用上面标注*的短语完成下列句子1．John said he wasn't disappointed at the result of the basketball game, but the look on his face gave him away.2．He must have been held_up on his way here in the traffic jam.3．A lot of famous scientists made some amazing discoveries by_accident while they were actually looking for something else.4．You should be on_guard when a stranger stands in front of your house.[话题短语积累]1．show respect for 对……表示尊重2．on purpose 故意地3．turn one's back to 背对4．lose face 丢脸5．at ease 舒适；快活；自由自在6．step back 后退7．put up 举起8．in defence 防卫9．reach one's hand out 伸出手10．close to 靠近11．be likely to 很可能12．from side to side 从一边到另一边13．look away from 把目光从……移开14．be quiet 安静15．point to 指向16．be aware of 知道，了解17．turn around 转身18．agree with 同意[三积句式写作扮靓][课内句式仿写]1．“more tha n＋n.”表示“不仅仅是，不只是”[例句] Although these are very important, we communicate with more than just spoken and written words.[仿写] 自信心不仅仅是一种态度；它来自于一个坚定的承诺来承担责任，而不是随波逐流。
高考英语一轮复习Module3BodyLanguageandNon_verbalCommuni
2．involve vt.包括；涉及；使参与；需要
(1)involve sb.in (doing)sth. 使某人参与(做)某事；使某人牵扯到某事中
involve doing sth.
包括做某事；参与做某事
(2)involved adj.
复杂的；有牵连的，有关的
get/be involved in
3．“偶然地”和“故意地”短语集锦
①by accident
偶然地
②by chance
偶然地
③by design
故意地
④on purpose
故意地
【构词记忆】 以不发音字母 e 结尾的动词，常去掉 e 再加上“-ation”构成名词 ①invite 邀请→invitation 邀请 ②admire 羡慕→admiration 羡慕 ③continue 继续→continuation 继续 ④examine 检查→examination 考试 ⑤imagine 想象→imagination 想象 ⑥observe 观察→observation 观察 ⑦organize 组织→organization 组织
9．equal adj.平等的；相等的→_e_q_u_a_ll_y_ adv.平等地；相等地→_e_q_u_a_l_it_y_ n．平等
10．vary vi.变化→_v_a_r_ie_t_y_ n．种类→_v_a_r_io_u_s_ adj.各种各样的 11．invite v．邀请→__in_v_i_ta_t_io_n__ n．邀请
7．perform v．表演→_p_e_rf_o_r_m_e_r_ n．表演者→_p_e_rf_o_r_m_a_n_c_e_ n．表演 8．tradition n．传统→__tr_a_d_it_i_o_n_al__ adj.传统的→__t_r_ad_i_t_io_n_a_l_ly__ adv.传统 地
近年届高考英语一轮复习第一部分教材课文要点Module3BodyLanguageandNon-ve
2019届高考英语一轮复习第一部分教材课文要点 Module 3 Body Language and Non-verbal Communication语篇解题微技巧外研版必修42019届高考英语一轮复习第一部分教材课文要点 Module 3 Body Language and Non-verbal Communication语篇解题微技巧外研版必修4编辑整理：尊敬的读者朋友们：这里是精品文档编辑中心，本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布的，发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对，但是难免会有疏漏的地方，但是任然希望（2019届高考英语一轮复习第一部分教材课文要点Module 3 Body Language and Non-verbal Communication语篇解题微技巧外研版必修4）的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。
同时也真诚的希望收到您的建议和反馈，这将是我们进步的源泉，前进的动力。
本文可编辑可修改，如果觉得对您有帮助请收藏以便随时查阅，最后祝您生活愉快业绩进步，以下为2019届高考英语一轮复习第一部分教材课文要点Module 3 Body Language and Non-verbal Communication语篇解题微技巧外研版必修4的全部内容。
1 / 71Module 3 Body Language andNon-verbal Communication推理判断题之写作目的题（阅读理解)方法指导推断写作目的的题目题干中常有purpose,或后面需接表示目的的动词不定式等。
推断作者写该篇文章的目的，有两大思路，解题时要综合考虑:1.主旨推断法写作意图与文章主旨密切相关，因此，解答这类题跟解答主旨大意题和选择文章标题一样,用略读法，即重点关注文章首尾段和各段的首尾句,找到主题句，抓住文章主旨,然后由主旨来推断作者的写作目的。
议论文、新闻报道、说明文等,其主题句多在文首.2.文体推断法作者的写作目的与文体密切相关。
2019届高考英语一轮复习第一部分教材课文要点Module3BodyLanguageandNon_verbalCommunication词汇训练外研
Module 3 Body Language andNon-verbalCommunication基础知识默写篇一、分层单词写作词汇1.vi.凝视;盯着看2.adj.粗鲁的;无礼的3.n.请求;要求4.n.掌声5.n.协议;交易6.vi.张开7.v.恐慌;惊慌8.adj.现场的阅读词汇1.weapon n.2.gesture n.3.forehead n.4.Hindu n.5.bow vi.6.youth n.7.palm n.8.slap vt.9.mind reader n.10.ankle n.11.eyebrow n.12.lip n.13.wrist n.14.bend vt.15.hug vt.16.wipe vt.17.host n.18.toast n.19.blank adj.20.classical adj.21.prolong vt.22.handclap n.23.infectious adj.24.funeral n.拓展词汇1.v.(用语言、信号)传递信息;交流→n.交流;沟通2.adj.无意识的;不知不觉的→adj.意识到的;自觉的→n.意识;知觉3.v.变化→n.种类→adj.各种各样的4.adj.正式的→adj.非正式的5.adj.攻击的;挑衅的→n.侵略,进攻6.adv.传统地→adj.传统的→n.传统7.adj.恐吓的;具有威胁的→v.威胁→n.威胁8.v.包括→adj.有关的;卷入的;涉及的→n.牵连,包括9.n.宗教→adj.宗教的10.n.邀请→v.邀请11.n.恩惠;善意的行为→adj.有利的,赞成的→adj.特别喜爱的12.n.表演→v.表演;运行;表现→n.表演者13.n.判断;意见→v.判断n.裁判;法官14.n.平等→n.匹敌;相等的事物adj.平等的;相等的;胜任的 v.等于;比得上→adv.相等地;平等地15.adj.社会的→n.社会二、高频短语1.和某人交流2.从……到……变化3.一上一下地4.达成协议;做成交易5.举起6.暴露(自己的情况);赠送7.(保持)警惕8.偶然地9.向……问好10.打开(灯、电视等)三、经典句型1.When in Rome,do(按照罗马人做的).2.Although these are very important,we communicate(不仅仅只是通过口语和书面语).3.One person then holds up his hand,(手掌向外,五指展开).4.Body language (对于任何研究者来说都是吸引人的).5.In Russia you should make a toast (你每一次从杯子里抿一口时).基础知识运用篇一、语境词汇运用(一)词汇情景拼写(注意单词短语适当形式变化)1.The fire was(蔓延) fast,but we were finally able to get all the people to leave the scene.2.Don’t respond to any e-mails(要求)personal information, no matter how official they look.3.The professor could tell from the (茫然) look in Maria’s eyes that she didn’t understand a single word of his lecture.4.A good(交易) is something few of us can afford.5.“Tommy, run! Be quick! The house is on fire!” the mother shouted, wi th p clearly in her voice.6.“I was staying in the dormitory, watching the (现场) TV broadcast about the tsunami.” David told the policeman who had driven there to question him.7.They laughed loudly when an actor told a joke and they (鼓掌) at the plot when the main character killed his enemy.(二)词形变化填空 (注意单词短语适当形式变化)1.In (communicate), a smile is usually a strong sign of a friendly and open attitude.2. (tradition), college students hold a graduation ceremony to encourage themselves before they set off on their life journey.3.The environment here is(favor) for an individual to develop his abilities.4.The people of our various nationalities enjoy the absolute(equal) before the law.5.David (threat) to report his neighbour to the police if the damages were not paid.6.As it turned out to be a small house party, we needn’t have dressed up so (formal).7.There are aof animals and plants in the world.Theyin shape and size and exist in many parts of the world.But forreasons,some of them are dying out.(vary)8.Walking on the street,I found an old man lying on the ground.When I wasthat the old man was in danger,I called the emergency service.(conscious)9.Success in life doesn’t happen (偶然). It’s the result of devoting your time and energy to what yo u’ve set out to do.10.He pretended not to care but that remark (暴露) his real opinion on the matter.11.House prices(不同) place to place and are usually high where there are famous schools.12.Having lost the ability to speak, he used sign language to (交流) others.13.There are many cars coming (来来回回). If you insist on standing there, you will risk being knocked down on the ground.二、经典句型仿写1.我们应该按照谚语说的那样去做:今日事,今日毕。
2019版高考英语一轮复习 第一部分 Module 3 Body Language and Non-verbal Communication 外研版必修4
2019版高考英语一轮复习第一部分 Module 3 Body Language and Non-verbal Communication 外研版必修4Ⅰ.情景默写1.As you know，human beings sometimes enjoy communicating(交流) with others in body language.2.The leaders of the two countries will be on a(n) informal(非正式的) visit to our country.3.The fire was spreading(蔓延) fast，but we were finally able to get all the people to leave the scene.4.We should be conscious(意识到的) of our own strengths as well as weaknesses.5.Students will have the opportunity to broaden their view by getting themselves involved(参与) in different environments.6.The price of this type of computer varies(不同) in different shops.7.In England，turkey is traditionally(传统地) eaten on Christmas Day.8.Luckily，she was only hurt slightly(轻微地) in the car accident.9.They stared(凝视) at each other for a long time without saying anything.10.The local people were panicked(恐慌) by the news of an on－coming earthquake.11.He requested(要求) his students to discuss the famous novel White Deer Plain in groups.12.Could you do me a favour(帮助) to pick me up from the station?13.Have you received the invitation(邀请)from Jane to her birthday party?14.It’s dangerous to give away(泄露) personal information on the Internet.15.I don’t know whether he did it by accident(偶然地)or by design.16.The building work has been held up(耽搁)by bad weather.Ⅱ.词性转换1.In our daily life, communication(communicate) plays an important part，so it’s important to develop the ability to communicate with others.2.Being out of work is threatening.But the threat(threatening) can urge the workersto work harder.3.I’m in favour of the plan，which will be favourable(favour) to the development of children.4.There is a variety of animals and plants in the world.They vary in shape and size and exist in many parts of the world.But for various reasons，some of them are dying out.(vary)5.Walking on the street，I found an old man lying on the ground unconscious(conscious).When I was conscious that the old man was in danger，I called the emergency service.6.There is a tradition in our family that we have a party on New Year’s Eve.We usually have China’s traditional(tradition) food—dumplings on that day.1.句型公式：more than不仅仅；多于，超过，超出；非常《中国日报》不仅仅是一种报纸，它还有助于提高我们的英语水平。
2019届高考英语一轮复习第一部分教材课文要点Module3BodyLanguageandNon_verbalCommunication模块知识链接
Module 3 Body Language and Non-verbalCommunication1 课文与语法填空阅读所学课文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
We communicate with more than just spoken and written 1.(word).We also need to learn body language,which 2.(vary)from culture to culture.3.(tradition),Europeans and Americans shake hands with the right hand, 4.means“I trust you.Look,I am not carrying a 5.(threat)weapon.”They also shake hands when they make 6.deal.In China,we put the right hand over the left and bow slightly when we greet someone 7.Muslims give a“salaam”.Hindus join their hands and bow their heads in respect.The 8.(express)“Give me five!”is also a gesture for American youths 9.(greet)one another.Body language is fascinating for anyone to study.You can give 10.much more by gestures than by words.So look at your friends and family to see if you are a mind reader.2 课文与短文改错根据课文内容,对下面材料进行修改。
2019届高考英语一轮复习第一部分教材课文要点Module3BodyLanguageandNon_verbalCommunication课件外研版必
完成句子 ⑤ Hold on a moment and I will go to your rescue. 坚持一下,我这就去救你。 ⑥We thought of selling this old furniture. But we’ve decided to hold on to it. It might be valuable. 我们原来考虑卖掉这件旧家具, 但我们现在决定留着它,它可能会很值 钱。
语境应用
选词填空(give away/give up/give out/give way to) ①He often came to check their studies and give out new assignments. ②He gave away most of his money to the homeless in the earthquakestricken area. ③Despite all these discouragements, she refused to give up . ④We mustn’t give in to these unreasonable demands.
句型转换 ⑥They requested us not to smoke in the office. →They requested that we should not smoke in the office. →It was requested that we should not smoke in the office.
必修四 Module 3 Body Language and Non-verbal Communication
语言点用法过关
1.vary v.改变;使多样化;变化 教材原句 We see examples of unconscious body language very often, yet there is also “learned” body language, which varies from culture to culture.我们 经常看到无意识的身势语,但也有“习得”的身势语。它们在不同的文 化中各不相同。
2019届高三英语一轮总复习Module3BodyLanguageandNon-verbal区域过关集训外研版必修【word版】.doc
Module 3 Body Language and Non-verbalⅠ.语法填空1．Students will have the opportunity to broaden their view by getting themselves __________ (involve) in different environments.[答案]involved2．We may have __________ (vary) ways to deal with such a situation.[答案]various3．He sat there in silence, __________ (stare) into the distance.[答案]staring4．Everyone in the building __________ (panic) when the fire alarm went off.[答案]panicked5．Since the party is very __________ (formal), what you wear is really unimportant.[答案]informal6．__________ (tradition), people clean their houses before the Spring Festival.[答案]Traditionally7．All class members are requested __________ (attend) the annual meeting.[答案]to attend8．The lecture __________ (have) been given, a lively question－and－answer session followed.[答案]havingⅡ.选词填空1.give away，give up，give out，give in①He preferred to die rather than ____________.②Body language can ____________ a lot about your mood.③This week, a New York City food truck ____________ hot dogs to passers－by on the street.④He had to ____________ smoking because of his poor health.[答案]①give in②give away③gave out④give up2.hold up，hold out，hold back，hold on①Had it not been for the postal strike, my home letter might not have been ____________.②You should learn to ____________ your anger.③How long will the food ____________？④When he left the telephone to fetch a pencil, he asked me to ____________.[答案]①held up②hold back③hold out④hold onⅢ.单句改错1．My daughter stared me angrily, as if I were her wicked stepmother.____________[答案]stare后加at2．It is requested that all members are present at the English party.____________[答案]are→be3．Involving in his homework, he didn't notice what happened.____________[答案]Involving→Involved4．She told me the secret of the treasure but she made me promise not to give up where it was hidden.____________[答案]up→away5．The prices of the goods in the supermarkets varies from $5 to $15.____________[答案]varies→varyⅣ.单句写作1．We are ________________ (非常高兴) to work with you.[答案]more than happy2．The university chancellor ____________ (颁发) our diplomas.[答案]gave away3．The staff immediately requested that he ________________ (重新考虑他的决定)．[答案](should) reconsider his decision4．She ________________ (抬起胳膊) and wiped her tears off.[答案]held up her arm5．An air accident happened to the plane, ____________ (无人生还)．[答案]nobody alive。
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Module 3 Body Language and Non-verbal Communication推理判断题之写作目的题(阅读理解)方法指导推断写作目的的题目题干中常有purpose,或后面需接表示目的的动词不定式等。
推断作者写该篇文章的目的,有两大思路,解题时要综合考虑:1.主旨推断法写作意图与文章主旨密切相关,因此,解答这类题跟解答主旨大意题和选择文章标题一样,用略读法,即重点关注文章首尾段和各段的首尾句,找到主题句,抓住文章主旨,然后由主旨来推断作者的写作目的。
议论文、新闻报道、说明文等,其主题句多在文首。
2.文体推断法作者的写作目的与文体密切相关。
(1)议论文的目的通常是说服读者接受或赞同某一观点,倡导某种做法等。
(2)说明文的目的是使读者获得某种知识,提出某种建议、劝告或呼吁,或希望引起有关部门或人士对某种现象给予重视。
(3)记叙文的目的一般是分享一段有趣的经历,告诉读者一个有趣的故事,使读者获得乐趣;若是夹叙夹议的文章,则是表达作者的感悟或给读者某种教育或启示。
(4)广告是作者要推销一种产品或一种服务,因此其目的是吸引更多顾客、游客、读者、订户、观众等。
典例引领El Niño, a Spanish term for “the Christ child”, was named by South American fishermen who noticed that the global weather pattern, which happens every two to seven years, reduced the amount of fishes caught around Christmas. El Niño sees warm water, collected over several years in the western Pacific, flow backeastwards when winds that normally blow westwards weaken, or sometimes the otherway round.The weather effects, both good and bad, are felt in many places. Rich countries gain more from powerful Niños, on balance, than they lose. A study found that a strong Niño in 1997-98 helped America’s economy grow by$15 billion, partly because of better agricultural harvests:farmers in the Midwest gained from extra rain. The total rise in agricultural incomes in rich countries is greater than the fall in poor ones.But in Indonesia extremely dry forests are in flames. A multi-year drought(干旱)in south-east Brazil is becoming worse. Though heavy rains brought about by ElNiño may relieve the drought in Californ ia, they are likely to cause surfaceflooding and other disasters.The most recent powerful Niño, in 1997-98, killed around 21,000 people and caused damage worth$36 billion around the globe. But such Niños come with months of warning, and so much is known about how they happen that governments can prepare. According to the Overseas Development Institute (ODI), however, just 12% ofdisaster-relief funding in the past two decades has gone on reducing risks in advance, rather than recovery and rebuilding afterwards. This is despite evidence that a dollar spent on risk-reduction saves at least two on reconstruction.Simple improvements to infrastructure(基础设施)can reduce the spread of disease. Better sewers(下水道)make it less likely that heavy rain is followed by an outbreak of the disease of bad stomach. Stronger bridges mean villages are less likely to be left without food and medicine after floods. According to a paper in 2011 by Mr Hsiang and co-authors, civil conflict is related to El Niño’s harmful effects—and the poorer the country, the stronger the link. Though the relationship may not be causal, helping divided communities to prepare for disasters would at least reducethe risk that those disasters are followed by killing and wounding people. Since the poorest are least likely to make up for their losses from disasters linked to El Niño, reducing their losses needs to be the priority.1.What can we learn about El Niño in Paragraph 1?A.It is named after a South American fisherman.B.It takes place almost every year all over the world.C.It forces fishermen to stop catching fish around Christmas.D.It sees the changes of water flow direction in the ocean.2.What may El Niños bring about to the countries affected?A.Agricultural harvests in rich countries fall.B.Droughts become more harmful than floods.C.Rich countries’ gains are greater than their losses.D.Poor countries suffer less from droughts economically.3.The data provided by ODI in Paragraph 4 suggest that .A.more investment should go to risk reductionernments of poor countries need more aidC.victims of El Niño deserve more compensationD.recovery and reconstruction should come first4.What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?A.To introduce El Niño and its origin.B.To explain the consequences of El Niño.C.To show ways of fighting against El Niño.D.To urge people to prepare for El Niño.方法运用[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了厄尔尼诺现象名称的由来、发生的时间、造成的影响,督促人们加强风险前资金的投入,改进基础设施,为厄尔尼诺现象的发生做好准备。
1.D 事实细节题。
根据文章第一段的El Niño sees warm water, collected over several years in the western Pacific, flow back eastwards when winds that normally blow westwards weaken, or sometimes the other way round.可知厄尔尼诺现象见证了大海中水流方向的变化。
故选D。
2.C 事实细节题。
根据文章第二段的Rich countries gain more from powerful Niños, on balance, than they lose.可知总的来说富裕国家收获的比失去的多,故C项正确。