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Solar_cells课件

Solar_cells课件

Overview
Solar cell fundamentals Novel solar cell structures Thin film solar cells Next generation solar cell
Tandem Cells
Current output matched for individual cells Ideal efficiency for infinite stack is 86.8% GaInP/GaAs/Ge tandem cells (efficiency 40%)
CdTe/CdS Solar Cell
CdTe : Bandgap 1.5 eV; Absorption coefficient 10 times that of Si
CdS : Bandgap 2.5 eV; Acts as window layer Limitation : Poor contact quality with p-CdTe (~ 0.1 Wcm2)
Inverted Thin Film Cell
p-diamond (Bandgap 5.5 eV) as a window layer n-CdTe layer as an absorption layer
Efficiency Losses in Solar Cell
1 = Thermalization loss 2 and 3 = Junction and contact voltage loss 4 = Recombination loss
Thin Film Solar Cells
Produced from cheaper polycrystalline materials and glass

光伏行业英文词汇

光伏行业英文词汇

光伏行业英文词汇(共13页)--本页仅作为文档封面,使用时请直接删除即可----内页可以根据需求调整合适字体及大小--太阳电池 solar cell通常是指将太阳光能直接转换成电能的一种器件。

硅太阳电池silicon solar cell硅太阳电池是以硅为基体材料的太阳电池。

单晶硅太阳电池single crystalline silicon solar cell单晶硅太阳电池是以单晶硅为基体材料的太阳电池。

非晶硅太阳电池(a—si太阳电池)amorphous silicon solar cell用非晶硅材料及其合金制造的太阳电池称为非晶硅太阳电池,亦称无定形硅太阳电池,简称a—si太阳电池。

多晶硅太阳电池polycrystalline silicon solar cell多晶硅太阳电池是以多晶硅为基体材料的太阳电池。

聚光太阳电池组件photovoltaic concentrator module系指组成聚光太阳电池,方阵的中间组合体,由聚光器、太阳电池、散热器、互连引线和壳体等组成。

电池温度cell temperature系指太阳电池中P-n结的温度。

太阳电池组件表面温度solar cell module surface temperature系指太阳电池组件背表面的温度。

大气质量(AM)Air Mass (AM)直射阳光光束透过大气层所通过的路程,以直射太阳光束从天顶到达海平面所通过的路程的倍数来表示。

太阳高度角 solar 太阳高度角 solar elevation angle太阳光线与观测点处水平面的夹角,称为该观测点的太阳高度角。

辐照度 irradiance系指照射到单位表面积上的辐射功率(W/m2)。

总辐照(总的太阳辐照)total irradiation (total insolation)在一段规定的时间内,(根据具体情况而定为每小时,每天、每周、每月、每年)照射到某个倾斜表面的单位面积上的太阳辐照。

3. solar cells

3. solar cells

3. Solar cellsDefinitionA solar cell, or photovoltaic cell is an electrical device that converts the energy of light directly into electricity by the photovoltaic effect, which is a physical and chemical phenomenon.It is a form of photoelectric cell, defined as a device whose electrical characteristics, such as current, voltage, or resistance, vary when exposed to light. Solar cells are the building blocks of photovoltaic modules, otherwise known as solar panels.StructureModern solar cells are based on semiconductor physics. They are basically just P-N junction photodiodes with a very large light-sensitive area. The photovoltaic effect, which causes the cell to convert light directly into electrical energy, occurs in the three energy-conversion layers.现代的太阳能电池是基于半导体物理。

他们基本上只是P-N结光电二极管具有非常大的感光面积。

光伏效应导致细胞的光直接转换成电能,发生在三个能量转换层。

solar cells

solar cells

1 Good afternoon , everyone ! The topic of my report is solar cell.2 There have five parts: Introduction; Structure; Advantages and Disadvantages; Applications; Conclusion.3 A solar cell is an electrical device that converts the energy of light directly into electricity by the photovoltaic effect, so we also call it photovoltaic cell. It is a form of photoelectric cell which, when exposed to light, can generate and support an electric current without being attached to any external voltage source, but do require an external load for power consumption.太阳能电池是一种电气转换装置,光的能量直接转化为电能的光伏效应,所以又称光伏电池。

它是一种形式的光电池,当暴露在光线下时,可以产生和支持电流没有连接到任何外部电压源,但你需要一个外部负载功率消耗。

4.The first solar cell was born in 1954 in the Bell Laboratory.第一太阳能电池于1954年产生在贝尔实验室。

In 1958 solar cell was equipped for the first time in American artificial satellite.1958年太阳能电池首次装备在美国人造卫星。

光伏行业英文词汇

光伏行业英文词汇

光伏行业英文词汇光伏行业英文词汇Pleasure Group Office【T985AB-B866SYT-B182C-BS682T-STT18】太阳电池solar cell通常是指将太阳光能直接转换成电能的一种器件。

硅太阳电池silicon solar cell硅太阳电池是以硅为基体材料的太阳电池。

单晶硅太阳电池single crystalline silicon solar cell单晶硅太阳电池是以单晶硅为基体材料的太阳电池。

非晶硅太阳电池(a—si太阳电池)amorphous silicon solar cell用非晶硅材料及其合金制造的太阳电池称为非晶硅太阳电池,亦称无定形硅太阳电池,简称a—si太阳电池。

多晶硅太阳电池polycrystalline silicon solar cell多晶硅太阳电池是以多晶硅为基体材料的太阳电池。

聚光太阳电池组件photovoltaic concentrator module系指组成聚光太阳电池,方阵的中间组合体,由聚光器、太阳电池、散热器、互连引线和壳体等组成。

电池温度cell temperature系指太阳电池中P-n结的温度。

太阳电池组件表面温度solar cell module surface temperature系指太阳电池组件背表面的温度。

大气质量(AM)Air Mass (AM)直射阳光光束透过大气层所通过的路程,以直射太阳光束从天顶到达海平面所通过的路程的倍数来表示。

太阳高度角solar太阳高度角solar elevation angle太阳光线与观测点处水平面的夹角,称为该观测点的太阳高度角。

辐照度irradiance系指照射到单位表面积上的辐射功率(W/m2)。

总辐照(总的太阳辐照)total irradiation (total insolation)在一段规定的时间内,(根据具体情况而定为每小时,每天、每周、每月、每年)照射到某个倾斜表面的单位面积上的太阳辐照。

太阳光伏能源系统术语

太阳光伏能源系统术语

太阳光伏能源系统术语一、一般术语1、太阳光伏能源系统一solar photovoltaic energy system指利用太阳能电池的光生伏特效应,将太阳辐射能直接转换成电能的发电系统。

2、太阳电池一solar cell指太阳辐射能直接转换成电能的一种器件。

3、硅太阳电池一silicon solar cell指以硅为基体材料的太阳电池。

4、单晶硅太阳电池一single crystalline silicon solar cell指以单晶硅为基体材料的太阳电池。

5、非晶硅太阳电池(a-Si 太阳电池)一amorphous silicon solar cell指用非晶硅材料及其合金制造的太阳电池。

亦称无定形硅太阳电池,简称a-Si太阳电池。

6、PIN (NIP)非晶硅太阳电池一PIN (NIP) a-Si solar cell指由P (N)型非晶硅,本征非晶硅和N (P)型非晶硅构成的太阳电池。

其光照面为P (N)型区。

7、集成型非晶硅太阳电池一integrated a-Si solar cell指用激光切割或其他方法把生长在同一块玻璃衬底或其它衬底上的非晶硅太阳电池切割成许多单体,使其串联、并联而构成的电池。

8、多晶硅太阳电池一polycrystalline silicon solar cell指以多晶硅为基体材料而制作的太阳电池。

9、多晶太阳电池一polycrystalline solar cell指用多晶材料为基体而制作的太阳电池。

10、多结太阳电池一multi-junctions solar cell指由多个p-n结形成的太阳电池。

这类电池的光电转换效率较高。

光谱响应有所改善。

11、垂直多结太阳电池一ertical multi-junction solar cell指与常规不同的一种太阳电池,其光照表面层被腐蚀成许多相互平行,有一定间距和深度的槽,用适当工艺在槽壁、槽底和槽顶部制成一个连续的p-n结,结的大部分或全部与光照面垂直。

光伏行业英文词汇

太阳电池 solar cell通常是指将太阳光能直接转换成电能的一种器件。

硅太阳电池silicon solar cell硅太阳电池是以硅为基体材料的太阳电池。

单晶硅太阳电池single crystalline silicon solar cell单晶硅太阳电池是以单晶硅为基体材料的太阳电池。

非晶硅太阳电池(a—si太阳电池)amorphous silicon solar cell用非晶硅材料及其合金制造的太阳电池称为非晶硅太阳电池,亦称无定形硅太阳电池,简称a—si太阳电池。

多晶硅太阳电池polycrystalline silicon solar cell多晶硅太阳电池是以多晶硅为基体材料的太阳电池。

聚光太阳电池组件photovoltaic concentrator module系指组成聚光太阳电池,方阵的中间组合体,由聚光器、太阳电池、散热器、互连引线和壳体等组成。

电池温度cell temperature系指太阳电池中P-n结的温度。

太阳电池组件表面温度solar cell module surface temperature系指太阳电池组件背表面的温度。

大气质量(AM)Air Mass (AM)直射阳光光束透过大气层所通过的路程,以直射太阳光束从天顶到达海平面所通过的路程的倍数来表示。

太阳高度角 solar 太阳高度角 solar elevation angle太阳光线与观测点处水平面的夹角,称为该观测点的太阳高度角。

辐照度 irradiance系指照射到单位表面积上的辐射功率(W/m2)。

总辐照(总的太阳辐照)total irradiation (total insolation)在一段规定的时间内,(根据具体情况而定为每小时,每天、每周、每月、每年)照射到某个倾斜表面的单位面积上的太阳辐照。

直射辐照度direct irradiance照射到单位面积上的,来自太阳圆盘及其周围对照射点所张的圆锥半顶角为8o的天空辐射功率。

solarcell

Solar CellIntroductionA solar cell, also known as a photovoltaic cell, is an electrical device that converts sunlight into electricity by the photovoltaic effect. It is a key component in solar panels and plays a crucial role in harnessing solar energy. Solar cells are widely used to generate clean and renewable energy for various applications including residential, commercial, and industrial sectors.Working PrincipleSolar cells are based on the principle of the photovoltaic effect. This effect occurs when certain materials, known as semiconductors, absorb photons from sunlight, which then excite the electrons within the material. The excited electrons create an electric current when they flow through the material. This current can be harnessed and used as a source of electrical energy.Types of Solar CellsThere are several types of solar cells that vary in their material composition and efficiency. The most common types include:1.Monocrystalline Silicon Solar Cells:–These solar cells are made from a single crystal structure, resulting in high efficiency.–They have a uniform dark color and are easily recognizable by their rounded edges.–Monocrystalline solar cells tend to be more expensive due to the manufacturing process.2.Polycrystalline (Multicrystalline) Silicon Solar Cells:–These solar cells are made from multiple crystal structures, which makes them less efficient compared to monocrystalline cells.–They have a bluish color and a granular appearance.–Polycrystalline solar cells are more cost-effective compared to monocrystalline cells.3.Thin-Film Solar Cells:–These solar cells are made by depositing a thin layer of semiconductor material onto a substrate.–Thin-film solar cells are flexible and lightweight, making them suitable for various applications.–They have a lower efficiency compared to crystalline silicon solar cells but are cheaper toproduce.anic Solar Cells:–Also known as organic photovoltaic cells (OPV), these solar cells use organic materials as thesemiconductor.–Organic solar cells have the advantage of being printable and can be manufactured using low-costprocesses.–However, their efficiency is currently lower compared to other types of solar cells.Manufacturing ProcessThe manufacturing process of solar cells involves several steps, including:1.Silicon Production:–The primary material used in most solar cells is silicon, which is obtained through a complex process.–Pure silicon is extracted from silica (SiO2), which is then refined and purified to reach the desiredlevel of purity.2.Wafer Production:–The purified silicon is transformed into solid blocks called ingots.–The ingots are then sliced into thin wafers using a diamond saw.–These wafers serve as the base for the solar cells.3.Doping:–Doping is a process in which impurities are added to the silicon wafer to create a p-n junction, which is necessary for the photovoltaic effect.–The addition of phosphorous or boron atoms introduces extra electrons or electron holes into the silicon structure, respectively.4.Formation of Layers:–Several layers are formed on the surface of the silicon wafer to enhance the solar cell’s efficiency.–These layers include anti-reflective coatings and metal contacts.5.Assembly into Modules:–The individual solar cells are interconnected and assembled into modules or panels.–The modules are then encapsulated to protect the solar cells from environmental factors.Efficiency and LimitationsThe efficiency of a solar cell refers to the percentage of sunlight converted into electrical energy. The efficiency varies depending on the type of solar cell and its manufacturing process. Currently, the most efficient solar cells on the market can achieve efficiencies of over 20%.Solar cells, however, have certain limitations, including:1.Efficiency Drop with Temperature:–Solar cells become less efficient as their temperature increases.–High temperatures can reduce the voltage and current output, lowering the overall performance.2.Dependency on Sunlight:–Solar cells rely on sunlight and their efficiency decreases in cloudy or shaded conditions.–The placement and orientation of solar panels play a crucial role in maximizing energy output.3.Cost:–The initial cost of solar cell production is relatively high, although it has been decreasing inrecent years.–The cost of solar cells is influenced by factors such as material type, manufacturing process, andmarket demand.ApplicationsSolar cells have a wide range of applications, including:1.Residential Solar Power Systems:–Solar panels installed on rooftops can generate electricity for residential use.–Excess energy can be fed back into the grid or stored in batteries for later use.mercial and Industrial Solar Power Systems:–Large-scale solar power plants generate electricity for commercial and industrial applications.–These systems can supply power to factories, offices, and other commercial buildings.3.Portable Solar Chargers:–Solar cells can be used to power handheld devices such as smartphones, tablets, and laptops.–Portable solar chargers provide a convenient and renewable source of energy for outdoor activities.4.Solar Lighting:–Solar cells are used in outdoor lighting systems, including streetlights, garden lights, and pathwaylights.–These systems eliminate the need fortraditional electrical wiring and reduce energyconsumption.5.Space Applications:–Solar cells are extensively used in spaceapplications such as satellites and spacecraft.–In space, solar cells provide the necessary power for various onboard systems and equipment.ConclusionSolar cells are vital components in the generation of clean and renewable energy. They utilize the photovoltaic effect to convert sunlight into electricity, making them an environmentally friendly alternative to traditional energy sources. With advancements in technology and decreasing costs, solar cells are becoming increasingly popular and are expected to play a significant role in meeting our future energy needs.。

Solar Cells 太阳能电池

exposed to light, generate and support an electric current , without being attached to any external voltage source.
Theory
Theory Theory
Three steps:
1. Photons in sunlight hit the
solar panel and are absorbed by semiconducting materials.
2. Electrons are knocked loose from their atoms. Current starts flowing through the material to cancel the potential. The electrons are only allowed to move in a single direction.
Mr. Major: Student Number : Email:
Contents
Introduction Principle
Solar Cells
Applications Future Conclusion
Introduction
Introduction
Introduction
An electrical device Convert the energy of light into electricity On the principle of photovoltaic effect
street lights
satellites
cae Solar Car
power for cars

光伏行业英文词汇

太阳电池solar cell通常是指将太能直接转换成电能的一种器件。

硅太阳电池silicon solar cell硅太阳电池是以硅为基体材料的太阳电池。

单晶硅太阳电池single crystalline silicon solar cell单晶硅太阳电池是以单晶硅为基体材料的太阳电池。

非晶硅太阳电池(a—si太阳电池)amorphous silicon solar cell用非晶硅材料及其合金制造的太阳电池称为非晶硅太阳电池,亦称无定形硅太阳电池,简称a—si太阳电池。

多晶硅太阳电池polycrystalline silicon solar cell多晶硅太阳电池是以多晶硅为基体材料的太阳电池。

聚光太阳电池组件photovoltaic concentrator module系指组成聚光太阳电池,方阵的中间组合体,由聚光器、太阳电池、散热器、互连引线和壳体等组成。

电池温度cell temperature系指太阳电池中P-n结的温度。

太阳电池组件表面温度solar cell module surface temperature系指太阳电池组件背表面的温度。

大气质量(AM)Air Mass (AM)直射光束透过大气层所通过的路程,以直射太束从天顶到达海平面所通过的路程的倍数来表示。

太阳高度角solar 太阳高度角solar elevation angle太线与观测点处水平面的夹角,称为该观测点的太阳高度角。

辐照度irradiance系指照射到单位表面积上的辐射功率(W/m2)。

总辐照(总的太阳辐照)total irradiation (total insolation)在一段规定的时间,(根据具体情况而定为每小时,每天、每周、每月、每年)照射到某个倾斜表面的单位面积上的太阳辐照。

直射辐照度direct irradiance照射到单位面积上的,来自太阳圆盘及其周围对照射点所的圆锥半顶角为8o的天空辐射功率。

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式中θ表示太阳光线与垂直线的夹角, 当太阳处在头顶时大气质量为1 在地面上,太阳电池的性能是以有代表性的AM1.5太 阳光谱为参照确定的
太阳能电池测试和相关参数
测量太阳能电池性能最常用最基本的方式是,在精确控制的光源照射下测试 电池的伏安曲线,并且严格控制电池的温度。
太阳能电池测试时理想化的等效电路
风能
海洋能
太阳能
可燃冰
沼气
地热能
太阳能电池的在现实生活中的应用
2011年9月29日 天宫一号
中 科 院 武 汉 植 物 园 太 阳 能 照 明
火星车
光伏发电的历史
AM1.5光谱条件下多种太阳能电池效率
太阳能电池原理和相关参数
太阳能电池光转电基本物理过程
能带结构
金属能带重叠或者间隙非常小; 绝缘地禁带宽度通常为3.5eV-6eV,甚至更高。 半导体禁带宽度介于两者之间
太阳能电池的伏安特性曲线
太阳能电池的分类
太阳能光伏电池
晶体硅电池
薄膜涂层电池
其他新型电池
单 晶 硅 电 池
多 晶 硅 电 池
硅基薄膜电池 微 晶 、 多 晶 硅 薄
非 晶 硅 太 阳 能 电 池
碲 化 镉 薄 膜 电 池
铜 铟 硒 薄 膜 电 池
砷 化 镓 薄 膜 电 池
在外界能量(光、电等)的激发下, 半导体价带中的电子被激发到到点上, 产生电子-空穴对。
pn结
N型
P型
太阳能电池工作图示
太阳光谱
到达地面的太阳辐射光谱分布是地外太阳光谱和大气成分的函数,它对 于地面太阳能电池系统应用及其他一些应用是十分重要的。 太阳光包含电磁波中的一个很宽的光谱范围(0.25-2.5μm),即从 红外线经过各种颜色的可见光直到紫外线,大体分为紫外光占7%、可见光占 45%和红外光占47%左右。
北京理工大学
Solar Cell
太阳能电池的研究背景和发展历史
太阳能电池的基本原理和相关参数
硅太阳能电池和CdTe太阳能电池
能 源 来 源
传统能源储量
新能源
新能源又称非常规能源。是指传统能源之外的各种能源形 式指刚开始开发利用或正在积极研究、有待推广的能源,如太 阳能、地热能、风能、海洋能、生物质能和核聚变能等。
总结
能源问题日益严重,太阳能电池是一种清洁可再生能源, 它具有巨大的发展潜力。 太阳能电池的工作原理是基于光生伏特效应,将太阳能的 光能转化为电能。它性能可通过短路电流、开路电压、填 充因子、转化效率等表示。
晶体硅太阳能电池是发展较为成熟的一种太阳能电池,目 前最高转化效率达到了25%。CdTe太阳能电池作为一种薄 膜电池具有诸多优点,现转化效率接近20%。
染 料 敏 化 太 阳 能 电 池
有 机 薄 膜 太 阳 能 电 池
纳 米 量 子 点 电 池
……
……
硅太阳能电池
AM1.5光谱25℃条件下实验室最高硅太阳能电池效率是25%
正面
背面
CdTe太阳能太阳能电池
10cm*10cm小型碲化镉薄膜太阳能电池模组
superstrate结构是在玻璃衬底上依次长上透明氧化层(TCO)、 CdS、CdTe薄膜,而太阳光是由玻璃衬底上方照射进入,先透过TCO 层,再进入CdS/CdTe结。而在substrate结构,是先在适当的衬底 上长上CdTe薄膜,再接着长CdS及TCO薄膜。其中以superstrate的 效率最高。
太阳常数
在平均日地距离时,地球大气层上界垂直于太阳光线表面的单位面积上单
位时间内所接收到的太阳辐射能。描述大气层上界的太阳辐射强度。参考值为 Isc=1367±7W/m2。地面用太阳电池测试条件:1000W/m2,航天用太阳电池测试 条件:1367W/m2
大气质量
大气质量被定义为光穿过大气的路径长度,长度最短的路径(即当太阳处在 头顶正上方时)规定“一个标准大气质量”。“大气质量”量化了太阳辐射穿过 大气层时被空气和尘埃吸收后的衰减程度。大气质量由下式给出:
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