日产风度汽车维修手册_上
日产NATS系统维修手册-精选文档
四、NATS的初始化与注册
• 初始化：
•
• • • • •
1.触按“C/U INITIALIZATION（控制单元初始 化）” 选择控制单元初始化模式。 2.将点火钥匙拧至“ON”的位置。 3.输入密码（PIN代码）。 4.触按“START”开始控制单元初始化程序。 5.结束了对IMMU（锁止控制模块）及ECM的 初始化后，将显示 “INITIALIZATION COMPLETED”。 6. 将点火开关拧至“OFF”的位置并拔出来。
四、特别使用事项
• 取消智能钥匙遥控器对车辆起动功能的方 法：同时按下遥控器上“LOCK”、 “UNLOCK”键20秒以上，再按一下左前门 开启开关即可；再进行相同的操作可恢复 起动功能。
五、智能钥匙系统故障一览表
序 号 1 故障现象 故障原因
当触按车门手柄开关时， ．智能钥匙遗留在车 车门报警器响起急促的 上或行李箱内； ．车门或行李箱没有 “哔、哔”声
五、NATS防盗系统故障码
• （1）[P1612]ECM与IMMU间的线路故障 ECM与BCM间的NATS通讯线路可能存在故障。 • （2）[P1615]钥匙错误 BCM收到的钥匙ID信号，经过BCM判断，确认为 非法ID信号。 • （3）[P1614] IMMU与KEY间的线路故障 BCM收不到钥匙ID信号。 • （4）[P1611]IMMU与ECM间的ID信号不统一 BCM与ECM间的钥匙ID信号不统一，系统需要初 始化。
日产NATS系统
更多维修资料shop64214081.taobao/
一.NATS系统概述
NATS
脱衣
NISSAN ANTI-THEFT SYSTEM
脱衣
日产防盗系统
二.日产防盗系统原理（NATS）
尼桑风度汽车发动机常见故障文档 (2)
尼桑风度汽车发动机常见故障1、故障现象：1996款日产风度搭载VQ30DE多点电喷发动机，行驶里程12000km。
最近经常性发生启动困难症状，启动后各工况工作基本正常。
故障诊断：用汽缸压力表测量缸压，测量结果显示各缸压力均在850kPa左右，符合着火条件（800kPa一1100kPa）。
转而用燃油压力表检测燃油压力，以此来判断油路情况，检测显示怠速时燃油压力为继而做压力保持实验，结果符合技术要求，可以基本排除发动机机械和油路故障，因以将检修重点放在电气系统上。
先检查防盗自检灯，在启动后3秒内熄灭，这说明防盗系统工作正常。
用发动机诊断仪读取故障码，故障码显示曲轴位置传感器（CPS）故障。
拆下曲轴箱飞轮上方的曲轴位置传感器插头，测量电阻值（2号线和3号线之间）为518O（正常值为520±50n）。
此传感器为霍尔效应式，用磁铁在传感器感应处来回晃动，脉冲电压为0.6V以上，故传感器应正常。
但为确保其工作正常，进行更换试验，结果故障依旧。
此时该车故障灯亮，用发动机诊断仪读取故障码，仍显示曲轴位置传感器故障。
将检测重点集中在传感器到发动机控制单元之间的信号传输线和控制单元上，对传感器与控制单元之间的两根连接线进行仔细检查，线路正常。
更换控制单元，试车后发现故障依然存在。
故障点究竟出在何处呢？考虑到曲轴位置传感器是以飞轮为靶轮，利用其旋转的霍尔效应来获取发动机转速信号，所以在曲轴位置传感器线路上连接示波器来检测发动机转速信号。
观察波形发现，在一定的周期内正弦波形有缺陷。
因为传感器是新件，基本判定问题很可能出在飞轮上。
抬下变速器，仔细检查飞轮，结果在飞轮球齿上发现一个齿的外端有明显裂纹。
更换飞轮齿环后，故障彻底排除。
2、故障现象：2000款日产风度A33,冷、热车加速均很正常，但热车怠速时发动机容易熄火，着不住车。
故障诊断：根据故障现象，初步确认怠速电机工作不良。
检查怠速电机、节气门体和火花塞并清洗，结果故障依旧。
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/本田车系2009广州本田CITY锋范原厂维修手册2007本田Acura讴歌RL中文原厂维修手册2009本田Acura讴歌TL中文原厂维修手册2002至2004本田stream时韵维修手册2004本田stream原厂维修手册增补版2007东风本田新CR-V原厂维修手册2004东风本田CR-V原厂维修手册2009东风本田思域原厂维修手册2007东风本田思域原厂维修手册2006东风本田思域原厂维修手册2006本田思域混合动力技术培训手册2005广州本田奥德赛原厂维修手册2006广州本田奥德赛维修手册2002广州本田奥德赛原厂维修手册2004广州本田飞度原厂维修手册2006广州本田飞度原厂维修手册增补版2008广州本田飞度原厂维修手册2009广州本田飞度原厂维修手册2006广州本田思迪CITY维修手册2008广州本田思迪维修手册增补版2008广州本田新雅阁原厂维修手册2008广州本田雅阁原厂培训资料2008广州本田雅阁原厂维修手册增补版2008广州本田雅阁音响导航原厂培训2006广州本田雅阁原厂维修手册2003广州本田2.3雅阁原厂维修手册2001广州本田雅阁原厂维修手册丰田车系2010广汽丰田凯美瑞油电混合动力维修手册第一册2010广汽丰田凯美瑞油电混合动力维修手册第二册2010广汽丰田凯美瑞油电混合动力维修手册第三册2010广汽丰田凯美瑞油电混合动力维修手册第四册2010广汽丰田凯美瑞油电混合动力全车电路图2010广汽丰田凯美瑞油电混合动力损伤维修手册2010广汽丰田凯美瑞油电混合动力新车特性2010广汽丰田凯美瑞油电混合动力新车培训2010广汽丰田凯美瑞油电混合动力用户手册+应急指南2008广汽丰田凯美瑞原厂维修手册2009广汽丰田汉兰达原厂维修手册第一册2009广汽丰田汉兰达原厂维修手册第二册2009广汽丰田汉兰达原厂维修手册第三册2009广汽丰田汉兰达原厂维修手册第四册2009广汽丰田汉兰达原厂维修手册第五册2009广汽丰田汉兰达原厂新车特性2007丰田汉兰达原厂维修手册2010一汽丰田皇冠原厂培训手册2010一汽丰田皇冠原厂全车电路图2004一汽丰田皇冠原厂维修手册2006一汽丰田皇冠彩色电路图2006一汽丰田皇冠原厂维修手册增补篇2007一汽丰田卡罗拉原厂维修手册2007丰田FJ酷路泽原厂维修手册2007丰田FJ酷路泽原厂技术培训2008广州丰田雅力士原厂维修手册2000一汽丰田花冠原厂维修手册2004一汽丰田花冠原厂电路图2003一汽丰田花冠轿车维修手册2005丰田雷克萨斯GS430原厂中文培训资料2005丰田雷克萨斯GS430.GS300原厂中文培训资料2005丰田雷克萨斯GS430.GS300维修手册(英文版)丰田雷克萨斯LS430电器维修手册中文版雷克萨斯A761E波箱原厂维修手册丰田雷克萨斯IS200维修手册丰田凌志LS400原厂中文维修手册丰田陆地巡洋舰维修手册一汽丰田特锐原厂维修手册2006一汽丰田威驰电路图（增补版）一汽丰田威驰原厂维修手册一汽丰田威姿原厂维修手册丰田系列发动机原厂维修手册2005一汽丰田锐志原厂维修手册日产车系2008东风日产天籁原厂维修手册2006东风日产天籁原厂维修手册2004东风日产天籁原厂维修手册东风日产新天籁原厂技术培训2006东风日产轩逸维修资料2008东风日产奇骏原厂维修手册2008东风日产新奇骏T31原厂培训教材2003日产奇骏T30维修手册2001日产奇骏T30维修手册2008郑州日产御轩原厂维修手册2006东风日产轩逸原厂维修手册2006东风日产轩逸G11原厂技术培训2006日产淑女跑车350Z原厂维修手册2006日产风雅原厂维修手册1999日产碧莲W41原厂维修手册2001日产佳奔E25原厂维修手册2005东风日产骐达原厂维修手册2005东风日产颐达原厂维修手册2007东风日产骊威原厂维修手册2006东风日产骏逸原厂维修手册94-98日产风度A32原厂维修手册2001日产风度A33原厂维修手册2001风神蓝鸟全车维修手册2002日产风神蓝鸟二代原厂维修手册2004日产风神蓝鸟智尊原厂维修手册2005日产尼桑贵仕V42原厂维修手册2007日产尼桑贵仕维修手册1997日产途乐Y61原厂维修手册1999日产途乐Y61原厂维修手册2001日产途乐Y61原厂维修手册2004日产西玛F50原厂维修手册2005日产西玛F50原厂维修手册94-97日产阳光B14原厂维修手册2002日产阳光N16原厂维修手册2003东风日产阳光EQ7202原厂维修手册2005东风日产阳光EQ7202原厂维修手册2005郑州日产皮卡P27原厂维修手册2006郑州日产皮卡P31原厂维修手册2007郑州日产SUV奥丁原厂维修手册2004郑州日产帕拉丁原厂维修手册2001日产皮卡D22原厂维修手册94-99日产皮卡D22原厂维修手册马自达车系2008一汽马自达M5原厂维修手册2008长安马自达2原厂维修手册2008长安马自达2原厂技术培训2010长安马自达M3原厂维修手册2010长安马自达M3原厂技术培训手册2006长安马自达M3原厂维修手册2008马自达RX-8维修手册2009马自达M6睿翼维修手册2009一汽马自达M6睿翼原厂技术培训2007一汽马自达M6原厂维修手册2006一汽马自达M6原厂维修手册2005马自达M6自动变速器原厂维修手册2005马自达M6维修车间操作手册2010新一代普利马维修技术原厂培训2005海南马自达普利马原厂维修手册2004海南普利马原厂维修手册2003海南马自达福美来原厂维修手册2006海南马自达福美来二代原厂维修手册2009海马VT2无级变速器维修手册2004马自达MPV自变速驱动桥维修手册2001马自达MPV原厂维修手册三菱车系2007长丰猎豹CS6原厂维修手册2009长丰猎豹CS7原厂维修手册长丰猎豹吉普汽车维修手册长丰猎豹汽车原厂技术培训东南得利卡原厂维修手册东南富利卡原厂维修手册东南戈蓝汽车原厂维修手册东南菱帅原厂维修手册东南菱绅原厂维修手册东南系列发动机变速器原厂维修资料三菱戈蓝原厂维修手册2008三菱格蓝迪原厂维修手册2007三菱格蓝迪原厂维修手册2006三菱格蓝迪原厂维修手册（中国版补充）2004三菱格蓝迪原厂维修手册2007三菱蓝瑟原厂维修手册三菱戈蓝蓝瑟维修手册2008北京欧蓝德原厂维修手册2006北京欧蓝德原厂维修手册2004北京欧蓝德原厂维修手册2002三菱帕杰罗速跑原厂维修手册2004三菱帕杰罗速跑P45维修手册2008三菱帕杰罗原厂维修手册三菱帕杰罗V73全车原厂车间检修手册三菱帕杰罗V73原厂维修手册三菱帕杰罗原厂维修手册三菱系列发动机变速器维修手册铃木车系2007铃木吉姆尼原厂维修手册2009长安铃木新天语SX4自动变速器维修手册2009长安铃木新天语SX4原厂维修手册2007长安铃木天语SX4维修手册长安铃木天语SX4轿车CNG系统维修手册2006铃木超级维特拉原厂维修手册长安铃木羚羊原厂维修手册2005长安铃木燕雨原厂维修手册昌河铃木北斗星微型客车原厂维修手册2006昌河爱迪尔原厂维修手册铃木SOLIO所力歐（1.3L）维修手册斯巴鲁车系2008斯巴鲁森林人原厂维修手册2006斯巴鲁森林人原厂维修手册2005斯巴鲁森林人原厂维修手册2004斯巴鲁森林人原厂维修手册2006斯巴鲁翼豹原厂维修手册2005斯巴鲁翼豹原厂维修手册2007斯巴鲁力狮原厂维修手册2006斯巴鲁力狮原厂维修手册2005斯巴鲁力狮原厂维修手册现代车系2009北京现代索纳塔领翔NFC维修手册2009北京现代索纳塔领翔NFC培训手册2009北京现代索纳塔EF名驭电路图2007北京现代索纳塔自动波电路图北京现代现代索纳塔维修手册北京现代索纳塔发动机培训2005北京现代索纳塔NF御翔原厂维修手册2008北京现代索纳塔NF御翔原厂全车电路图北京现代索纳塔御翔NFC培训手册2009北京现代伊兰特原厂维修手册2008北京现代伊兰特悦动原厂维修手册北京现代伊兰特原厂技术培训手册2007北京现代伊兰特原厂全车电路图2004北京现代伊兰特原厂维修手册2008北京现代途胜原厂全车电路图2009北京现代途胜原厂全车电路图2009北京现代途胜原厂维修手册北京现代途胜原厂技术培训教材2004北京现代途胜原厂维修手册2009北京现代雅申特原厂维修手册2008北京现代雅绅特原厂全车电路图2006北京现代雅绅特原厂维修手册2006华泰现代圣达菲原厂维修手册2008华泰现代新圣达V6原厂维修手册华泰现代圣特菲原厂技术培训教材华泰现代特拉卡原厂维修手册现代特拉卡柴油发动机原厂维修手册现代酷派跑车原厂全车电路图现代XG君爵原厂维修手册2004现代雅科仕原厂维修手册起亚车系2005东风起亚赛拉图原厂维修手册2005东风悦达起亚千里马原厂维修手册东风悦达千里马原厂维修手册东风悦达起亚千里马原厂维修培训手册2009东风悦达起亚福瑞迪原厂技术培训2009起亚狮跑20DOHCVVT维修手册2007起亚狮跑原厂维修手册2006起亚狮跑原厂全车电路图2003东风悦达起亚远舰维修手册东风悦达起亚远舰新车技术培训教材起亚嘉华原厂维修手册东风悦达起亚嘉华原厂培训资料东风悦达起亚嘉华原厂全车电路图2003东风起亚悦达嘉华3.5维修手册大宇车系大宇希望原厂维修手册大宇（DAEWOO）LEGANZA典雅轿车全车线路图大宇（DAEWOO）兰龙轿车原厂全车线路图大宇蓝龙新巧龙旅行家典雅维修手册大宇王子超级沙龙轿车电控燃油喷射系统维修手册大宇Daewoo贵族希望ESPERO轿车电喷系统维修手册大宇蓝龙电器系统维修手册大宇蓝龙发动机电控系统检修大宇系列汽车电气元件位置及电路图全集通用车系2009上海通用别克新君威原厂维修手册2003上海通用别克君威原厂维修手册2009上海通用别克新君越原厂维修手册2008上海通用别克君越原厂维修手册2008上海通用别克君越混合动力维修手册2008通用别克君越6T40自动变速箱维修手册2006上海通用别克君越原厂维修手册2006上海通用别克GL8原厂维修手册2006上海通用别克GL8陆尊原厂维修手册2005上海通用别克GL8陆尊原厂维修手册2003上海通用别克GL8原厂维修手册增补本2001上海通用别克GL8原厂维修手册上海通用别克GL8陆尊原厂维修手册2005通用别克荣御原厂维修手册2005上海通用荣御原厂技术培训资料上海别克新世纪原厂维修手册2000通用别克新世纪GL GLX GS维修手册2003上海通用别克世纪维修手册2008通用凯迪拉克CTS原厂维修手册2007凯迪拉克(ESCALADE)凯雷德维修手册2006通用凯迪拉克SGM980原厂维修手册2005通用凯迪拉克XLR原厂维修手册2005通用凯迪拉克SRX原厂维修手册2005通用凯迪拉克CTS原厂维修手册2005通用凯迪拉克CRX原厂维修手册上海通用凯迪拉克原厂技术培训教材2010上海通用别克凯越原厂全车电路图2008上海通用别克凯越原厂维修手册2008上海通用别克新凯越培训手册2004上海通用别克凯越原厂维修手册上海通用别克凯越HRV维修手册2010上海通用林荫大道原厂维修手册2007上海通用林荫大道原厂维修手册2010雪佛兰新赛欧原厂技术培训手册2005上海通用赛欧原厂维修手册2003上海通用赛欧维修手册上海别克赛欧轿车维修手册全车电路图2007上海通用雪佛兰乐骋原厂维修手册2007上海通用雪佛兰景程原厂维修手册2006上海通用雪佛兰景程维修手册2005上海通用雪佛兰景程原厂维修手册2007上海通用雪佛兰乐风原厂维修手册2009上海通用雪佛兰科鲁兹原厂维修手册2007通用雪佛兰科帕奇C100原厂维修手册上海通用五菱SPARK原厂维修手册福特车系2008长安福特福克斯原厂维修手册2005长安福特福克斯原厂维修手册2007长安福特蒙迪欧智胜原厂维修手册长安福特蒙迪欧原厂维修手册长安福特蒙迪欧维修手册增补版福特蒙迪欧5速变速箱原厂维修手册长安福特蒙迪欧原厂技术培训手册2009长安福特嘉年华电气原厂维修手册2008长安福特嘉年华原厂维修手册2005长安福特嘉年华电气维修手册2003长安福特嘉年华原厂维修手册2005福特领航员原厂维修手册2005福特翼虎原厂维修手册2007福特S-MAX原厂维修手册2007长安福特S-MAX原厂技术培训资料道奇车系道奇大捷龙中文维修手册道奇捷龙汽车维修手册克莱期勒300C维修技术培训手册Chrysler Neon 2000 彩虹原厂维修手册STRA TUS 2000道奇原厂维修手册克莱斯勒倪虹原厂维修手册克莱斯勒土星原厂手册克莱斯勒北京切诺基维修手册雪铁龙车系2006东风雪铁龙凯旋维修手册东风雪铁龙凯旋原厂培训与电路图东风雪铁龙雪铁龙C2维修手册2007东风雪铁龙毕加索原厂维修手册东风雪铁龙毕加索全车原厂电路图东风雪铁龙毕加索轿车结构与维修东风雪铁龙毕加索原厂维修手册东风雪铁龙塞纳维修手册东风雪铁龙爱丽舍原厂维修手册东风雪铁龙爱丽舍全车电路图东风雪铁龙爱丽舍轿车维修手册神龙富康988EX维修手册神龙富康ZX维修手册富康988轿车电气元件位置与电路图神龙富康自动变速器维修手册神龙富康全车电路图神龙富康电喷发动机修理手册标致车系东风标致307原厂维修手册2008东风标致307二厢2.0原厂电路图2007东风标致307CMS 2.0 原厂电路图东风标致307 1.6自动档V AN+CAN全车电路图东风标致307多路传输系统培训东风标致307原厂技术培训手册东风标致206原厂电气维修手册东风标致206原厂技术培训手册2010东风标致408原厂技术培训手册菲亚特车系菲亚特维修手册南京菲亚特派力奥维修手册南京菲亚特西耶那维修手册新雅途EPS维修资料英国车系路虎汽车维修手册南京名爵原厂维修手册上汽荣威原厂维修手册大众车系2010一汽大众CC原厂维修手册2010一汽大众CC原厂技术培训手册2010一汽大众CC原厂保养手册2009一汽大众高尔夫A6原厂维修手册2009上海大众途观原厂培训手册2009上海大众朗逸原厂维修手册2009上海大众朗逸原厂全车电路图2005一汽大众开迪Caddy原厂维修手册2005一汽大众开迪Caddy原厂技术培训手册2005一汽大众开迪Caddy原厂全车电路图2009一汽大众速腾原厂维修手册2009一汽大众速腾1.4T原厂技术培训一汽大众速腾09G波箱阀体分解图2006一汽大众速腾原厂维修手册2010一汽大众迈腾原厂电路维修手册2009一汽大众迈腾原厂电路维修手册2009一汽大众迈腾新技术原厂培训2009一汽大众迈腾1.4T原厂维修手册2007一汽大众迈腾原厂维修手册2009大众辉腾原厂技术培训手册2009上海大众帕萨特新领驭电路图2007上海大众帕萨特领驭原厂维修手册2005帕萨特GLI原厂全车电路图上海大众PASSAT领驭售后技术培训上海大众帕萨特B5原厂维修手册2001-2003波罗1.4中文原厂维修手册2007上海大众波罗劲情劲取原厂维修手册上海大众POLO 维修手册2005POLO GP上海大众内部培训资料2004上海大众桑塔纳3000维修手册上海大众桑塔纳2000维修手册桑塔纳01N自动变速箱维修手册2008上海大众新桑塔纳全车电路图上海大众斯柯达法比亚原厂维修手册2003上海大众途安原厂维修手册2004上海大众途安原厂维修手册上海大众途安内部技术培训教材上海大众途锐维修手册一汽大众宝来原厂维修手册2004一汽大众宝来原厂技术培训教材一汽大众宝来全车电路图2008一汽大众新宝来原厂维修手册2006一汽大众宝来维修手册2004一汽捷达原厂维修手册2006一汽大众捷达原厂全车电路图2005一汽大众捷达原厂全车电路图一汽大众捷达柴油车维修手册一汽捷达都市先锋维修手册一汽捷达电喷系列轿车维修手册2003上海大众高尔维修手册奥迪车系一汽大众奥迪A6L C6原厂维修手册一汽大众奥迪A6原厂维修手册一汽大众奥迪A6原厂技术培训一汽大众奥迪A4原厂维修手册一汽大众奥迪A4原厂技术培训奥迪A6维修手册奥迪Q7原厂全车电路图奥迪Q7原厂车间维修手册奥迪Q7原厂自学培训手册奥迪TT原厂自学手册2008奥迪TT原厂电路维修手册奥迪A8原厂维修手册奥迪A8原厂技术培训资料欧洲车系绅宝系列车型中文维修资料欧宝系列车型中文维修资料沃尔沃系列车型中文维修资料奔驰系列车型中文维修资料宝马系列车型中文维修资料比亚迪车系2008比亚迪F0原厂维修手册2008比亚迪F0电喷系统维修手册2008比亚迪F1厂家技术培训手册2007比亚迪F3 F3-R原厂维修手册2007比亚迪F3发动机电喷系统维修手册2007比亚迪F3维修站培训教材2006比亚迪F3原厂维修手册2009比亚迪F6原厂维修手册2009比亚迪S8原厂维修手册2009比亚迪S8厂家内部培训教材奇瑞车系2008奇瑞A520原厂维修手册2009奇瑞A3原厂维修手册2011奇瑞新A3原厂维修手册2009奇瑞威麟V5原厂维修手册奇瑞东方之子原厂维修手册奇瑞风云系列车型原厂维修手册奇瑞旗云A15原厂维修手册2007奇瑞新A15旗云维修手册奇瑞瑞虎原厂维修手册2010奇瑞瑞麒G6原厂维修手册2010奇瑞瑞麒G5原厂维修手册2008奇瑞瑞麒2原厂维修手册奇瑞QQ原厂维修手册长城车系长城风骏原厂维修手册长城哈弗原厂维修手册长城嘉誉原厂维修手册长城酷熊原厂维修手册长城精灵原厂维修手册长城赛铃原厂维修手册长城赛弗原厂维修手册长城炫丽原厂维修手册长城赛影原厂维修手册吉利车系2010吉利帝豪原厂维修手册2007吉利金刚原厂维修手册吉利美人豹跑车维修手册2010吉利熊猫原厂电气维修手册2009吉利远景原厂技术培训手册2006吉利远景原厂维修手册吉利自由舰维修手册吉利FC-1全自动汽车空调维修手册吉利优利欧汽车电路图册中兴汽车中兴皮卡原厂维修手册中兴汽车无限原厂维修手册中兴威虎发动机原厂维修手册江铃汽车江铃陆风风华原厂维修手册江铃陆风风尚原厂维修手册江铃陆风原厂维修手册江铃宝典皮卡原厂维修手册江铃全顺原厂维修手册力帆汽车重庆力帆520原厂维修手册重庆力帆620原厂维修手册江淮汽车江淮宾悦原厂维修手册江淮瑞风原厂维修手册华晨汽车华晨中华轿车原厂维修手册华晨中华骏捷原厂维修手册华晨金杯海狮维修手册丰田海狮面包车维修手册华普汽车华普海锋原厂维修手册华普海尚原厂维修手册华普海迅原厂维修手册华普海域原厂维修手册华普海悦原厂维修手册哈飞汽车哈飞民意原厂维修手册哈飞赛马原厂维修手册哈飞赛豹电控维修手册长安汽车长安CM8原厂维修手册长安奔奔原厂维修手册长安之星原厂维修手册长安志翔原厂维修手册福田汽车北汽福田原厂维修手册福田蒙派克原厂维修手册双环汽车双环CEO原厂维修手册双环小贵族原厂维修手册一汽汽车天津夏利汽车维修手册一汽华利维修手册一汽佳宝原厂维修手册。
日产天籁发动机维修手册
日产天籁发动机维修手册〔二〕发动机控制系统1．燃油控制系统因为燃油压力调节器安装在油箱内，VQ35DE发动机的燃油系统是没有回油管路的；而且燃油不从温度较高的发动机侧循环再回到油箱，所以油箱内的燃油温度较低，蒸发到碳罐的蒸气就少。
燃油压力调节器的泄压阀设定为350kPa，而且与发动机的进气歧管真空度无关。
较高的燃油压力有助于提高发动机的热起动性能，还可以减少在较高温度的发动机侧的油管内形成气阻的可能。
在发动机舱供油管上装有两个燃油压力缓冲器，一个缓冲器装在发动机左侧缸盖进油管侧，另一个装在右侧。
燃油压力缓冲器从油箱到发动机舱燃油管是塑料制成的，其外面包裹一层橡胶，这种结构可以减少燃油蒸气从油管处泄漏，以满足越来越严格的排放法规要求从各方面减少的排放。
在燃油压力缓冲器与喷油嘴的油管之间加装一个编号为KV101 17600的专用工具，就可以测量燃油系统的压力。
2．加速踏板位置传感器〔APPS〕加速踏板位置传感器装在加速踏板总成上，向ECM传递驾驶员加速或收油的信号，然后由ECM控制电子节气门〔ECT〕翻开或关闭。
加速踏板位置传感器没有怠速位置开关或全开开关。
加速踏板位置传感器与加速踏板虽然通过螺丝固定，但它没有单独的零件号，必须与加速踏板一起订购。
3．电子节气门〔ETC〕J31采用电子节气门来控制发动机转速，已取消AAC阀及其它怠速控制装置。
在TCS〔牵引力控制系统〕或VDC〔车辆动态控制系统〕要求发动机限制扭矩和防止车轮打滑时，ECM会控制电子节气门〔ETC〕工作。
电子节气门执行器电子节气门与节气门位置传感器协调工作，节气门位置传感器将节气门当前的位置信号传给ECM，作为反应信号。
电子节气门在没有电负荷时的自由位置，节气门稍为翻开，可以为发动机提供了故障失效保护功能。
因此当电子节气门〔ETC〕出现故障时，汽车可以20Km/H 左右的车速行驶。
如果断开过ECM或APPS的插头，那么一定要执行下述操作〔详细操作信息参见维修手册〕：●节气门关闭位置学习；●怠速空气量学习；●加速踏板释放位置学习。
日产综合维修指南说明书
>Very little is more frustrating than troubleshooting elusive starting and charging problems.T o make matters worse,vehicle electrical systems vary,not only from brand to brand,but by model and year within a brand.Many times,the problem can be permanently solved by using basic testing procedures in a systematic way.But,things have rapidly changed in the electrics under the hood and Subaru vehicles are no exception.In order to test,diagnose,repair and service these newer systems,your information and equipment will have to be up to the task.First and foremost,you must have the correct specifications and information at hand for the partic-ular model you are servicing to accurately diagnose and repair electrical problems.Subaru makes repair information available through your local Subaru N.E.W .Horizon Dealer,or on the Subaru T echnical I nformation System website at .Also,two helpful T echnician’s Reference Booklets are available:Basic Electrical Theory & Diagnosis,Module 601,item MSA5P0134C and Advanced Electrical Theory &Diagnosis Module 602,item MSA5P0134C.The Right StuffBefore we delve into the procedures for diag-nosing battery,starting and charging problems,we should address the necessary tools.You’ll need to have the right equipment to test the latest comput-er-controlled electrical systems.Make sure your charger and diagnostic tools are up-to-date and compatible with newer systems.A basic arsenal of test equipment should include:1.Digital multi-meter (DMM,formerly known as a digital volt-ohm meter,or DVOM)2.Electrical System Analyzer3.Battery Charger4.Scan T oolIf you are fortunate enough to have a dedicated lab scope in your shop,that’s even better.20T h e E n d W r e n c h > w w w.e n d w r e n c h.c omDigital Multi-MeterLong gone are the days when checking a battery or elec-trical charging system could be performed with a simple voltmeter and test light.The sophisticated electronically-controlled systems on late model vehicles require the diag-nostic capabilities of a digital multi-meter.The most accept-able method for checking battery draw is with the use of an ammeter with an inductive pickup.DMMs usually have a DC ammeter function that will read from a few milliamps (mA) up to 10 amps.Make sure your DMM is internally fused for protection against high amperage.With the use of an induction clamp,or “amp clamp,”you can observe the ampere variance as accessory loads are applied.Electrical System AnalyzerMany new electrical system diagnostic tools are on the market today.These dedicated analyzers read the conditions existing in the electrical system and signal malfunctions or weaknesses.They also direct corrective measures and verify that the problem was eliminated by the repair.Many of these tools not only test the condition of the battery,but also monitor alternator output,check diodeA good quality multi-fun ction digital multi-meter (DMM) is essen tial for diagnosing electrical problems.Be sure to learn how to use all of its features.22|T h e E n d W r e n c h > w w w.e n d w r e n c h.c o mcondition,and find short circuits.Rate of discharge is meas-ured by internal microprocessors and compared against known standards to establish “rate of decay”and recovery ability to predict the power-holding potential and life expectancy of the battery.Another approach is to measure the conductance quality of the battery by sending a fre-quency signal through it to estimate the usable plate area,thereby determining the power retention life.Cold crank-ing capacity (CCA) is also measured,both without and under load.The end result is more accurate decisions on borderline batteries,and the identification of battery defects even at extremely low voltages,thus eliminating the time-consum-ing need to charge and retest the battery.A good example of the latest technologies for analyzing and testing the starting and charging systems is the inTELLECT EXP -1000,made by Midtronics.This handheld analyzer allows a technician to diagnose every part of the electrical system,from the battery to the starter and alter-nator.T est results can be printed out via an optional printer.The tool’s expandable platform combines the full functions of an advanced analyzer,digital multimeter (with scope mode),and data management tool.t’s upgradeable for future applications and features.Modern ChargersThe newest types of battery chargers have also been integrated with computerized logic and databases to deter-mine the quality of the battery,its life expectancy and to pro-vide optimum charging.Many can measure over 1,000 amps of starter draw using inductive amp probes,and voltage drop at connections and cables with test leads.These units can also test alternator output with carbon pile load,and detect bad diodes and faulty stators with an automatic ripple indicator.Some units even have battery decay logic programs to deter-mine battery life expectancy.The Midtronics GR-1 features “diagnostic conductance controlled charging”for solving battery problems.It tests the battery at the beginning,during and after charging.This unit effectively controls the charging process using the optimal charging voltage and current to quickly charge even weak batteries.New electrical system an alyzers,such as the Midtron ics in TELLECT EXP-1000,have made diagnosing electric system problems much easier.A n ew con ductan ce-based diagn ostics battery charger can provide quick,accurate battery testing and charging.New Starting & Charging SystemsScan ToolWhile a scan tool isn’t the first tool you may think to grab when troubleshooting a starting and charging problem, it can give you insight into any malfunctions in other areas of the vehicle that could have a bearing on the electrical prob-lem.Be sure to check the ECM for any diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs) prior to tackling the problem.It can save you a great deal of time and effort.Battery TestingBegin your troubleshooting efforts with the battery. You’ll need to determine the state of charge,the battery’s condition and its ability to hold a charge.If the battery is in good condition,it will hold a charge and deliver its rated amperage as needed.If the battery is in poor condition,it won’t deliver on demand.Use a voltmeter or DMM to check the charge level. Don’t trust the battery’s integrated charge indicator as it may only be reading one cell,not all.When fully charged,a battery should read 12.6 volts at room temperature.At 75% charged, the reading will be 12.4 volts.Lower readings indicate the need for recharging.T est the battery with an analyzer to deter-mine its condition and ability to hold a charge.If you don’t have an analyzer,recharge the battery,then retest it.The following steps can be taken to checkthe battery:O Check the battery for physical damage.O Check the positive and negative leads for corrosion and proper installation.O Check that the electrolyte is at the full level.O Check the color of the electrolyte to assess plate deterioration:•Clear means there’s no damage or deterioration.•Red means there’s positive plate deterioration.•Gray means there’s negative plate deterioration.O Check the specific gravity.It should be at least 1.230 at room temperature to test the battery.There should be no more than a .050 point differential among the cells.O On sealed maintenance-free batteries,check the open circuit voltage and compare its value with the manufac-turer’s specifications.If the specific gravity is below 1.230 or the open circuit voltage is below the recom-mended value,charge the battery and recheck the specific gravity or open circuit voltage.A u g u s t2006•N u m b e r35|23Adding JuiceBefore recharging (or replacing) a battery,check the operating condition of the charging system.Refer to the vehicle’s service manual for correct specifications.As a rule,it should read 14 volts during idle,with all acces-sories off,but may vary according the battery’s condition, charge level,load,ambient temperature and design.Cold weather will normally raise the charging level,while hot weather will normally lower it.If you have a tester with an adjustable carbon pile,you can check the charging output while the engine is operating at 2,000 rpm.AlternatorBefore testing the alternator (or installing a new one), make sure the battery is fully charged and in good condi-tion.Remember that the alternator’s job is to maintain the battery’s charge,not to recharge a faulty e a DMM or system analyzer to test the alternator output.Make sure the belt is in good condition and the tension is correct. Most electrical system analyzers and testers can also detect a faulty diode.StarterJust because a starter spins when power is applied is not an indicator that it is free from problems.In order to get an accurate reading,you’ll need to check how many amps it is drawing and measure the spin speed.It may be necessary to use a bench tester if your equipment in not capable of meas-uring the starter’s rotating rpm.Check the OE specs for the starter and compare to the unit you’re testing.Starter malfunctions can be caused by a faulty solenoid,shorts or opens in the field coil or armature, worn brushes,shaft damage or corrosion – internally or on the connections.Subaru recommends a starter performance test under these conditions:O No-load test (free spin).O Load test (under applied load).O Stall test (armature locked).While specifications will vary,we’ll use a 2000 Legacy with an automatic transmission as a typical example. Measured values must meet the following standards:O No-load test @ 11V/90 A,or more,and the rotating speed must be 3,350 rpm,or more.O Load test @ 8V/13.7 Nm (10.1 ft-lb),370 A or less, and the speed must be 880 rpms,or more.O Stall test @ 5V/1,050 A,or less,and the torque must be 27.5 Nm (20.3 ft-lb),or more.Of course,remember to consult the Subaru Service Manual for the vehicle you are diagnosing for the correct specifications.How’s the Weather?The local temperature and weather play a big part in starting and charging problems.People who live in the northern part of the country know that cold temps wreak havoc on batteries,alternators and starters — and expose any weaknesses in the system.When the mercury dips,the battery’s power is reduced by significant numbers.A fully-charged,battery is essential to spin the starter at speeds necessary to turn over the engine.Meanwhile,the engine oil has thickened and engine metal has contracted,making the job of moving the pistons,valves and the viscous oil much harder on the starter.More cranking amps are required to handle the load.At the same time,the driver may have turned on his heater/defroster,windshield wipers,rear window defog-ger,seat heaters and radio.The demand on the charging system has just maxed out!Not only does the power demand tax the system,but in many cases the electrical accessories may be the cause of elec-trical problems.When searching for elusive electrical grem-lins,first check the starting and charging system with all accessories off.If the problem is not found,one by one,turn each electrical accessory on,until the problem is isolated.Those of you who live in areas that use salt to de-ice roads need to check for salt corrosion on exposed terminals, grounds and connections.Hot climates can cause electrical system problems,too. For one thing,batteries don’t like excessive heat.Electrolyte evaporation and high temps promote battery deterioration. Also,the radiator and A/C cooling fans,blowers and the compressor clutch all add to the electrical demand.In short,extreme temperatures place high demands on the battery,starter and charger,so always take the climate into consideration during diagnosis.We’ll conclude with one crucially important,yet often overlooked,point that applies to all electrical trou-bleshooting:Always check for good grounds before you condemn any components.ONew Starting & Charging Systems24|T h e E n d W r e n c h>w w w.e n d w r e n c h.c o m。
汽车维修手册资料电路图
汽车维修手册资料电路图淘宝店:本田车系2009广州本田CITY锋范原厂维修手册 2007本田Acura讴歌RL中文原厂维修手册 2009本田Acura讴歌TL中文原厂维修手册 2002至2004本田stream时韵维修手册 2004本田stream原厂维修手册增补版 2007东风本田新CR-V原厂维修手册 2004东风本田CR-V原厂维修手册 2009东风本田思域原厂维修手册 2007东风本田思域原厂维修手册 2006东风本田思域原厂维修手册 2006本田思域混合动力技术培训手册2005广州本田奥德赛原厂维修手册 2006广州本田奥德赛维修手册2002广州本田奥德赛原厂维修手册 2004广州本田飞度原厂维修手册2006广州本田飞度原厂维修手册增补版 2008广州本田飞度原厂维修手册2009广州本田飞度原厂维修手册2006广州本田思迪CITY维修手册 2008广州本田思迪维修手册增补版2008广州本田新雅阁原厂维修手册2008广州本田雅阁原厂培训资料2008广州本田雅阁原厂维修手册增补版 2008广州本田雅阁音响导航原厂培训2006广州本田雅阁原厂维修手册2003广州本田2.3雅阁原厂维修手册2001广州本田雅阁原厂维修手册丰田车系2010广汽丰田凯美瑞油电混合动力维修手册第一册2010广汽丰田凯美瑞油电混合动力维修手册第二册 2010广汽丰田凯美瑞油电混合动力维修手册第三册 2010广汽丰田凯美瑞油电混合动力维修手册第四册2010广汽丰田凯美瑞油电混合动力全车电路图 2010广汽丰田凯美瑞油电混合动力损伤维修手册 2010广汽丰田凯美瑞油电混合动力新车特性 2010广汽丰田凯美瑞油电混合动力新车培训2010广汽丰田凯美瑞油电混合动力用户手册+应急指南2008广汽丰田凯美瑞原厂维修手册 2009广汽丰田汉兰达原厂维修手册第一册2009广汽丰田汉兰达原厂维修手册第二册 2009广汽丰田汉兰达原厂维修手册第三册 2009广汽丰田汉兰达原厂维修手册第四册 2009广汽丰田汉兰达原厂维修手册第五册 2009广汽丰田汉兰达原厂新车特性 2007丰田汉兰达原厂维修手册 2010一汽丰田皇冠原厂培训手册2010一汽丰田皇冠原厂全车电路图 2004一汽丰田皇冠原厂维修手册 2006一汽丰田皇冠彩色电路图2006一汽丰田皇冠原厂维修手册增补篇 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2005东风日产阳光EQ7202原厂维修手册 2005郑州日产皮卡P27原厂维修手册2006郑州日产皮卡P31原厂维修手册 2007郑州日产SUV奥丁原厂维修手册 2004郑州日产帕拉丁原厂维修手册 2001日产皮卡D22原厂维修手册 94-99日产皮卡D22原厂维修手册马自达车系2008一汽马自达M5原厂维修手册 2008长安马自达2原厂维修手册 2008长安马自达2原厂技术培训 2010长安马自达M3原厂维修手册 2010长安马自达M3原厂技术培训手册2006长安马自达M3原厂维修手册 2008马自达RX-8维修手册 2009马自达M6睿翼维修手册2009一汽马自达M6睿翼原厂技术培训 2007一汽马自达M6原厂维修手册2006一汽马自达M6原厂维修手册 2005马自达M6自动变速器原厂维修手册 2005马自达M6维修车间操作手册 2010新一代普利马维修技术原厂培训 2005海南马自达普利马原厂维修手册 2004海南普利马原厂维修手册2003海南马自达福美来原厂维修手册 2006海南马自达福美来二代原厂维修手册 2009海马VT2无级变速器维修手册 2004马自达MPV自变速驱动桥维修手册2001马自达MPV原厂维修手册三菱车系2007长丰猎豹CS6原厂维修手册 2009长丰猎豹CS7原厂维修手册长丰猎豹吉普汽车维修手册长丰猎豹汽车原厂技术培训东南得利卡原厂维修手册东南富利卡原厂维修手册东南戈蓝汽车原厂维修手册东南菱帅原厂维修手册东南菱绅原厂维修手册东南系列发动机变速器原厂维修资料三菱戈蓝原厂维修手册2008三菱格蓝迪原厂维修手册2007三菱格蓝迪原厂维修手册 2006三菱格蓝迪原厂维修手册(中国版补充) 2004三菱格蓝迪原厂维修手册2007三菱蓝瑟原厂维修手册三菱戈蓝蓝瑟维修手册2008北京欧蓝德原厂维修手册2006北京欧蓝德原厂维修手册 2004北京欧蓝德原厂维修手册2002三菱帕杰罗速跑原厂维修手册 2004三菱帕杰罗速跑P45维修手册 2008三菱帕杰罗原厂维修手册三菱帕杰罗V73全车原厂车间检修手册三菱帕杰罗V73原厂维修手册三菱帕杰罗原厂维修手册三菱系列发动机变速器维修手册铃木车系2007铃木吉姆尼原厂维修手册 2009长安铃木新天语SX4自动变速器维修手册2009长安铃木新天语SX4原厂维修手册 2007长安铃木天语SX4维修手册长安铃木天语SX4轿车CNG系统维修手册 2006铃木超级维特拉原厂维修手册长安铃木羚羊原厂维修手册 2005长安铃木燕雨原厂维修手册昌河铃木北斗星微型客车原厂维修手册 2006昌河爱迪尔原厂维修手册铃木SOLIO所力歐(1.3L)维修手册斯巴鲁车系2008斯巴鲁森林人原厂维修手册2006斯巴鲁森林人原厂维修手册 2005斯巴鲁森林人原厂维修手册 2004斯巴鲁森林人原厂维修手册 2006斯巴鲁翼豹原厂维修手册 2005斯巴鲁翼豹原厂维修手册 2007斯巴鲁力狮原厂维修手册2006斯巴鲁力狮原厂维修手册 2005斯巴鲁力狮原厂维修手册现代车系2009北京现代索纳塔领翔NFC维修手册 2009北京现代索纳塔领翔NFC培训手册 2009北京现代索纳塔EF名驭电路图 2007北京现代索纳塔自动波电路图北京现代现代索纳塔维修手册北京现代索纳塔发动机培训2005北京现代索纳塔NF御翔原厂维修手册 2008北京现代索纳塔NF御翔原厂全车电路图北京现代索纳塔御翔NFC培训手册 2009北京现代伊兰特原厂维修手册 2008北京现代伊兰特悦动原厂维修手册北京现代伊兰特原厂技术培训手册2007北京现代伊兰特原厂全车电路图 2004北京现代伊兰特原厂维修手册2008北京现代途胜原厂全车电路图 2009北京现代途胜原厂全车电路图 2009北京现代途胜原厂维修手册北京现代途胜原厂技术培训教材2004北京现代途胜原厂维修手册 2009北京现代雅申特原厂维修手册 2008北京现代雅绅特原厂全车电路图 2006北京现代雅绅特原厂维修手册 2006华泰现代圣达菲原厂维修手册 2008华泰现代新圣达V6原厂维修手册华泰现代圣特菲原厂技术培训教材华泰现代特拉卡原厂维修手册现代特拉卡柴油发动机原厂维修手册现代酷派跑车原厂全车电路图现代XG君爵原厂维修手册 2004现代雅科仕原厂维修手册起亚车系2005东风起亚赛拉图原厂维修手册 2005东风悦达起亚千里马原厂维修手册东风悦达千里马原厂维修手册东风悦达起亚千里马原厂维修培训手册 2009东风悦达起亚福瑞迪原厂技术培训 2009起亚狮跑20DOHCVVT维修手册 2007起亚狮跑原厂维修手册2006起亚狮跑原厂全车电路图2003东风悦达起亚远舰维修手册东风悦达起亚远舰新车技术培训教材起亚嘉华原厂维修手册东风悦达起亚嘉华原厂培训资料东风悦达起亚嘉华原厂全车电路图 2003东风起亚悦达嘉华3.5维修手册大宇车系大宇希望原厂维修手册大宇(DAEWOO)LEGANZA典雅轿车全车线路图大宇(DAEWOO)兰龙轿车原厂全车线路图大宇蓝龙新巧龙旅行家典雅维修手册大宇王子超级沙龙轿车电控燃油喷射系统维修手册大宇Daewoo贵族希望ESPERO轿车电喷系统维修手册大宇蓝龙电器系统维修手册大宇蓝龙发动机电控系统检修大宇系列汽车电气元件位置及电路图全集通用车系2009上海通用别克新君威原厂维修手册 2003上海通用别克君威原厂维修手册2009上海通用别克新君越原厂维修手册 2008上海通用别克君越原厂维修手册2008上海通用别克君越混合动力维修手册 2008通用别克君越6T40自动变速箱维修手册 2006上海通用别克君越原厂维修手册 2006上海通用别克GL8原厂维修手册 2006上海通用别克GL8陆尊原厂维修手册 2005上海通用别克GL8陆尊原厂维修手册 2003上海通用别克GL8原厂维修手册增补本 2001上海通用别克GL8原厂维修手册上海通用别克GL8陆尊原厂维修手册 2005通用别克荣御原厂维修手册2005上海通用荣御原厂技术培训资料上海别克新世纪原厂维修手册2000通用别克新世纪GL GLX GS维修手册 2003上海通用别克世纪维修手册2008通用凯迪拉克CTS原厂维修手册 2007凯迪拉克(ESCALADE)凯雷德维修手册 2006通用凯迪拉克SGM980原厂维修手册 2005通用凯迪拉克XLR原厂维修手册2005通用凯迪拉克SRX原厂维修手册 2005通用凯迪拉克CTS原厂维修手册 2005通用凯迪拉克CRX原厂维修手册上海通用凯迪拉克原厂技术培训教材 2010上海通用别克凯越原厂全车电路图 2008上海通用别克凯越原厂维修手册 2008上海通用别克新凯越培训手册 2004上海通用别克凯越原厂维修手册上海通用别克凯越HRV维修手册2010上海通用林荫大道原厂维修手册 2007上海通用林荫大道原厂维修手册2010雪佛兰新赛欧原厂技术培训手册 2005上海通用赛欧原厂维修手册2003上海通用赛欧维修手册上海别克赛欧轿车维修手册全车电路图 2007上海通用雪佛兰乐骋原厂维修手册 2007上海通用雪佛兰景程原厂维修手册 2006上海通用雪佛兰景程维修手册2005上海通用雪佛兰景程原厂维修手册 2007上海通用雪佛兰乐风原厂维修手册 2009上海通用雪佛兰科鲁兹原厂维修手册 2007通用雪佛兰科帕奇C100原厂维修手册上海通用五菱SPARK原厂维修手册福特车系2008长安福特福克斯原厂维修手册 2005长安福特福克斯原厂维修手册 2007长安福特蒙迪欧智胜原厂维修手册长安福特蒙迪欧原厂维修手册长安福特蒙迪欧维修手册增补版福特蒙迪欧5速变速箱原厂维修手册长安福特蒙迪欧原厂技术培训手册 2009长安福特嘉年华电气原厂维修手册 2008长安福特嘉年华原厂维修手册 2005长安福特嘉年华电气维修手册 2003长安福特嘉年华原厂维修手册 2005福特领航员原厂维修手册 2005福特翼虎原厂维修手册2007福特S-MAX原厂维修手册2007长安福特S-MAX原厂技术培训资料道奇车系道奇大捷龙中文维修手册道奇捷龙汽车维修手册克莱期勒300C维修技术培训手册 Chrysler Neon 2000 彩虹原厂维修手册STRATUS 2000道奇原厂维修手册克莱斯勒倪虹原厂维修手册克莱斯勒土星原厂手册克莱斯勒北京切诺基维修手册雪铁龙车系2006东风雪铁龙凯旋维修手册东风雪铁龙凯旋原厂培训与电路图东风雪铁龙雪铁龙C2维修手册 2007东风雪铁龙毕加索原厂维修手册东风雪铁龙毕加索全车原厂电路图东风雪铁龙毕加索轿车结构与维修东风雪铁龙毕加索原厂维修手册东风雪铁龙塞纳维修手册东风雪铁龙爱丽舍原厂维修手册东风雪铁龙爱丽舍全车电路图东风雪铁龙爱丽舍轿车维修手册神龙富康988EX维修手册神龙富康ZX维修手册富康988轿车电气元件位置与电路图神龙富康自动变速器维修手册神龙富康全车电路图神龙富康电喷发动机修理手册标致车系东风标致307原厂维修手册2008东风标致307二厢2.0原厂电路图 2007东风标致307CMS 2.0 原厂电路图东风标致307 1.6自动档VAN+CAN全车电路图东风标致307多路传输系统培训东风标致307原厂技术培训手册东风标致206原厂电气维修手册东风标致206原厂技术培训手册 2010东风标致408原厂技术培训手册菲亚特车系菲亚特维修手册南京菲亚特派力奥维修手册南京菲亚特西耶那维修手册新雅途EPS维修资料英国车系路虎汽车维修手册南京名爵原厂维修手册上汽荣威原厂维修手册大众车系2010一汽大众CC原厂维修手册 2010一汽大众CC原厂技术培训手册 2010一汽大众CC原厂保养手册 2009一汽大众高尔夫A6原厂维修手册 2009上海大众途观原厂培训手册 2009上海大众朗逸原厂维修手册2009上海大众朗逸原厂全车电路图 2005一汽大众开迪Caddy原厂维修手册2005一汽大众开迪Caddy原厂技术培训手册 2005一汽大众开迪Caddy原厂全车电路图 2009一汽大众速腾原厂维修手册2009一汽大众速腾1.4T原厂技术培训一汽大众速腾09G波箱阀体分解图2006一汽大众速腾原厂维修手册2010一汽大众迈腾原厂电路维修手册 2009一汽大众迈腾原厂电路维修手册2009一汽大众迈腾新技术原厂培训 2009一汽大众迈腾1.4T原厂维修手册 2007一汽大众迈腾原厂维修手册 2009大众辉腾原厂技术培训手册 2009上海大众帕萨特新领驭电路图 2007上海大众帕萨特领驭原厂维修手册 2005帕萨特GLI原厂全车电路图上海大众PASSAT领驭售后技术培训上海大众帕萨特B5原厂维修手册2001-2003波罗1.4中文原厂维修手册 2007上海大众波罗劲情劲取原厂维修手册上海大众POLO 维修手册2005POLO GP上海大众内部培训资料 2004上海大众桑塔纳3000维修手册上海大众桑塔纳2000维修手册桑塔纳01N自动变速箱维修手册2008上海大众新桑塔纳全车电路图上海大众斯柯达法比亚原厂维修手册 2003上海大众途安原厂维修手册2004上海大众途安原厂维修手册上海大众途安内部技术培训教材上海大众途锐维修手册一汽大众宝来原厂维修手册 2004一汽大众宝来原厂技术培训教材一汽大众宝来全车电路图2008一汽大众新宝来原厂维修手册 2006一汽大众宝来维修手册2004一汽捷达原厂维修手册2006一汽大众捷达原厂全车电路图 2005一汽大众捷达原厂全车电路图一汽大众捷达柴油车维修手册一汽捷达都市先锋维修手册一汽捷达电喷系列轿车维修手册 2003上海大众高尔维修手册奥迪车系一汽大众奥迪A6L C6原厂维修手册一汽大众奥迪A6原厂维修手册一汽大众奥迪A6原厂技术培训一汽大众奥迪A4原厂维修手册一汽大众奥迪A4原厂技术培训奥迪A6维修手册奥迪Q7原厂全车电路图奥迪Q7原厂车间维修手册奥迪Q7原厂自学培训手册奥迪TT原厂自学手册2008奥迪TT原厂电路维修手册奥迪A8原厂维修手册奥迪A8原厂技术培训资料欧洲车系绅宝系列车型中文维修资料欧宝系列车型中文维修资料沃尔沃系列车型中文维修资料奔驰系列车型中文维修资料宝马系列车型中文维修资料比亚迪车系2008比亚迪F0原厂维修手册2008比亚迪F0电喷系统维修手册 2008比亚迪F1厂家技术培训手册 2007比亚迪F3 F3-R原厂维修手册 2007比亚迪F3发动机电喷系统维修手册2007比亚迪F3维修站培训教材 2006比亚迪F3原厂维修手册2009比亚迪F6原厂维修手册2009比亚迪S8原厂维修手册 2009比亚迪S8厂家内部培训教材奇瑞车系2008奇瑞A520原厂维修手册 2009奇瑞A3原厂维修手册 2011奇瑞新A3原厂维修手册 2009奇瑞威麟V5原厂维修手册奇瑞东方之子原厂维修手册奇瑞风云系列车型原厂维修手册奇瑞旗云A15原厂维修手册 2007奇瑞新A15旗云维修手册奇瑞瑞虎原厂维修手册 2010奇瑞瑞麒G6原厂维修手册 2010奇瑞瑞麒G5原厂维修手册 2008奇瑞瑞麒2原厂维修手册奇瑞QQ原厂维修手册长城车系长城风骏原厂维修手册长城哈弗原厂维修手册长城嘉誉原厂维修手册长城酷熊原厂维修手册长城精灵原厂维修手册长城赛铃原厂维修手册长城赛弗原厂维修手册长城炫丽原厂维修手册长城赛影原厂维修手册吉利车系2010吉利帝豪原厂维修手册 2007吉利金刚原厂维修手册吉利美人豹跑车维修手册2010吉利熊猫原厂电气维修手册 2009吉利远景原厂技术培训手册 2006吉利远景原厂维修手册吉利自由舰维修手册吉利FC-1全自动汽车空调维修手册吉利优利欧汽车电路图册中兴汽车中兴皮卡原厂维修手册中兴汽车无限原厂维修手册中兴威虎发动机原厂维修手册江铃汽车江铃陆风风华原厂维修手册江铃陆风风尚原厂维修手册江铃陆风原厂维修手册江铃宝典皮卡原厂维修手册江铃全顺原厂维修手册力帆汽车重庆力帆520原厂维修手册重庆力帆620原厂维修手册江淮汽车江淮宾悦原厂维修手册江淮瑞风原厂维修手册华晨汽车华晨中华轿车原厂维修手册华晨中华骏捷原厂维修手册华晨金杯海狮维修手册丰田海狮面包车维修手册华普汽车华普海锋原厂维修手册华普海尚原厂维修手册华普海迅原厂维修手册华普海域原厂维修手册华普海悦原厂维修手册哈飞汽车哈飞民意原厂维修手册哈飞赛马原厂维修手册哈飞赛豹电控维修手册长安汽车长安CM8原厂维修手册长安奔奔原厂维修手册长安之星原厂维修手册长安志翔原厂维修手册福田汽车北汽福田原厂维修手册福田蒙派克原厂维修手册双环汽车双环CEO原厂维修手册双环小贵族原厂维修手册一汽汽车天津夏利汽车维修手册一汽华利维修手册一汽佳宝原厂维修手册。
2013 Nissan Leaf维护与服务指南说明书
®OWNER’S LITERATURE INFORMATION (2)INTRODUCTIONNissan Maintenance (3)Why Nissan Service? (4)NISSAN MAINTENANCE&REPAIR SUPPORTExtended Service Plans (5)Genuine Nissan Collision Parts (7)Complimentary Multi-Point Inspection (12)Genuine Nissan Parts You Can Rely On..................................14,15Nissan Services Designed With You in Mind...............................18,20SCHEDULED MAINTENANCE GUIDEDetermining the Proper Maintenance Interval (8)Explanation of Scheduled Maintenance Items (9)Maintenance Schedule (11)Maintenance Log (37)1INDEX OF TOPICS WHERE TO FIND INFORMATIONRecommended Lubricants,Fluids.........Owner’s Manual:chapter9Radio/CD Operation/Heater/AC Operation...Navigation Manual:chapter4Charging Your Vehicle.................Owner’s Manual:chapter CHStarting and Driving Your Vehicle..........Owner’s Manual:chapter5Security System Operation..............Owner’s Manual:chapter2If You Have a Flat Tire..................Owner’s Manual:chapter6New Vehicle Limited Warranty............Warranty Information Booklet:“2013New Vehicle LimitedWarranty”Tire Pressure/Rotation.................Owner’s Manual:chapter8Tire Warranties/Safety Information.........Warranty Information Booklet:Individual tire manufacturerwarranty sectionsConsumer Affairs Assistance.............Warranty Information Booklet:“Nissan’s Customer Care Program”Customer Care/Lemon Law Information Booklet* Do It Yourself Information...............Owner’s Manual:chapter8General Maintenance..................Owner’s Manual:chapter8*Not applicable outside the United States2Maintain Your InvestmentPreventative scheduled maintenance is an important investment tooptimize the performance,reliability,durability,safety and resale value ofyour Nissan.Scheduling your electric vehicle’s maintenance at therecommended intervals will ensure your electric vehicle functions at itsbest.We want you to enjoy your Nissan electric vehicle.This Service andMaintenance Guide is designed to help you make sure your electricvehicle receives proper and timely maintenance that is necessary.Keyservices are explained in detail,along with an outline of scheduledmaintenance to help you maintain your electric vehicle.Your localNissan LEAF certified dealer can assist you in determining the bestschedule based on your driving habits and local conditions.Failure to perform scheduled maintenance may result in excludingportions of your electric vehicle from warranty coverage and may reducethe performance,safety,reliability,durability and/or resale value of yourelectric vehicle.See your Warranty Information Booklet and Owner’sManual for details.3To preserve the quality,reliability and safety of your elec-tric vehicle,an authorized Nissan LEAF certified dealer is recommended for maintenance or repair.Only an autho-rized Nissan LEAF certified dealer offers you these advan-tages:●Nissan trained and ASE certified technicians●Immediate access to warranty service history andNissan technical information●Latest diagnostic,special tools and service techniques ●Genuine Nissan Parts that meet Nissan’s demandingstandards●12month/12,000mile parts and labor limited warrantywhen Genuine Nissan Parts are installed by your dealer ●Lifetime limited warranty on select replacement parts ●Complimentary Multi-Point Inspections(at participat-ing dealers)●Clear,up-front estimates●Time guaranteed Express Services(at participatingdealers)●Shuttle service/Courtesy van(at participating dealers)Your Nissan LEAF certified dealer is a full-service mainte-nance and repair center.We recommend using authorized Nissan Service and genuine Nissan Parts that we have designed for their reliability,safety and suitability for your Nissan electric vehicle.We are committed to providing you with quick,efficient,and competitively priced service and parts.**May differ or not apply outside the United States,please inquire of your Nissan LEAF certified dealer.GENUINE SERVICE4EXTENDED PROTECTION PLANSIf someone told you,you could drive your new Nissan for the next8years or100,000miles,almost worry-free of unexpected repair costs,would you be interested? Nissan’s Security+Plus family of extended service con-tracts delivers the peace of mind that does just that. Security+Plus Extended Protection Plans can cover everything from over600up to900vehicle components to roadside assistance to rental vehicle costs,and pro-vide:Nationwide Coverage;utilizing:Genuine Nissan Parts(new or in some cases remanufactured);installed by:Factory-Trained Technicians(trained by us to work on your vehicle).And you’ll be protected against future inflation(rising cost of parts and labor).Security+Plus Extended Protection Plans can be pur-chased any time within your vehicle’s original 3-year/36,000-mile basic limited warranty period.Just contact your selling Nissan LEAF certified dealer and tell them you’d like to take advantage of one of the best mechanical breakdown plans available for your Nissantoday.5PREPAID MAINTENANCE PLANSDo you currently have someone that maintains your yard?Cleans your house?Maintains your vehicle?WithSecurity+Plus Prepaid Maintenance Plans you’ll be hir-ing Nissan to maintain your vehicle to factory specifica-tions by factory-trained technicians.Like our ExtendedProtection Plans,you’ll benefit from Nationwide Cover-age,Genuine Nissan Parts,Factory-Trained Tech-nicians,and you’ll be protected against future inflation(rising costs of parts and labor).What could be easier?Security+Plus Prepaid Maintenance offers two servicelevels,one service interval and five time and mileageperiods.So it’s easy to find a plan that’s right for you.Didn’t purchase Prepaid Maintenance Plan at the timeof vehicle delivery?Don’t sweat the small stuff,‘New’Security+Plus prepaid maintenance contracts can bepurchased any time within the first6months/7,500milesof original vehicle sale date.Just contact your sellingNissan LEAF certified dealer and tell them you’d like totake advantage of one of the best maintenance plansavailable for your Nissan today.*These products not available outside the United States.See your participating Nissan LEAF certified dealer for details.6If you have an accident,insist on Genuine Nissan Collision Parts.If you want your electric vehicle to be restored using parts made to Nissan’s original exacting specifications–if you want it to last,help to protect your personal safety and to help hold its resale value,the solution is simple.Tell your insurance agent and your repair shop to use only Genuine Nissan Collision Parts.Many non-genuine parts are copies made from impres-sions of Nissan parts and may not match the specifica-tions and performance standards of Genuine Nissan Parts.As a result,non-genuine parts may not look or fit right,and may be less safe.The hood on your electric vehicle is a good example. Nissan designed it with hood buckling creases to help prevent the hood from penetrating the interior of your electric vehicle in an accident.Non-genuine parts may not provide such built-in safeguards.In some states,the law says you must be advised if non-genuine parts are used to repair your electric vehicle. Why should you take a chance?Replacement Panel Limited Lifetime Corrosion Warranty*If you have your collision damage repaired using Genuine Nissan Outer Sheet Metal Panels you don’t have to worry about corrosion.That’s because these panels are war-ranted against inside out rust-through perforation for as long as you own your Nissan.Another reason to insist on Genuine Nissan Collision Repair Parts.Vehicle Lease agreements,such as those offered by Nissan Motor Ac-ceptance Corporation,may require that ONLY Genuine Nissan replace-ment parts be utilized for collision repairs to the vehicle.*This warranty does not apply to vehicles or parts not distributed by Nissan North America and/or sold outside the United States.7As a condition of your electric vehicle’s warranty,you are responsible for properly maintaining your electric vehicle.In maintaining your electric vehicle,you should follow either Schedule1or Schedule2as listed e these guidelines to determine which maintenance schedule to use.SCHEDULE1(more severe operating conditions)Use Schedule1if you primarily operate your electric vehicle under any of these conditions:●Repeated short trips of less than5miles in normal temperatures or less than10miles in freezing temperatures●Stop-and-go traffic in hot weather or low speed driving for long dis-tances●Driving in dusty conditions or on rough,muddy,or salt-spread roads ●Using a car-top carrier SCHEDULE2(less severe operating conditions)Schedule2features7,500-mile service intervals;with Schedule2 fewer maintenance items are regularly checked or replaced than with Schedule1.Generally,Schedule2applies only to highway driving in temperate e Schedule2only if you primarily operate your electric vehicle under conditions other than those listed in Schedule1.8The following descriptions are pro-vided to give you a better understand-ing of the scheduled maintenance items that should be regularly checked or replaced.The mainte-nance log indicates at which mileage/time intervals each item re-quires service.In addition to scheduled mainte-nance,your Nissan requires that some items be checked during nor-mal day-to-day operation.You can find these items listed under“General Maintenance”in Chapter8of your Owner’s Manual.Items marked with“*”are recom-mended by Nissan for reliable electric vehicle operation.You are not re-quired to perform maintenance on these items in order to maintain the warranties which come with your Nissan.Other maintenance items and intervals are required.When applicable,additional informa-tion can be found in the“Maintenance and do-it-yourself”section in Chapter8of your Owner’s Manual.NOTE:Nissan North America doesnot advocate the use of non-OEMapproved aftermarket flushing sys-tems and strongly advises againstperforming these services on aNissan product.Many of the aftermar-ket flushing systems use non-OEMapproved chemicals or solvents,theuse of which has not been validatedby Nissan North America.For recommended lubricants,fluids,grease,and refrigerant,refer toChapter9in your Owner’s Manual.EV SystemCharging Port*Check the charging port for any signsof contamination,dust,sand,etc.Charging Port Sealing Cap*Use only compressed air with propereye protection to clean any contami-nation from the sealing cap.EV Battery Usage ReportTo maximize the life of your Li-ion bat-tery,have the EV Battery Usage Re-port generated and reviewed withyou.Review of the EV Battery UsageReport is required as a condition ofEV battery warranty.Refer to your2013LEAF warranty informationbooklet for details.Both the12monthand24month inspections will be per-formed by your Nissan LEAF certifieddealer at no cost to the vehicle owner.CoolantReplace coolant at the interval speci-fied below.When adding or replacingcoolant,be sure to use only GenuineNissan Long Life Antifreeze/Coolant(Blue)or equivalent with the propermixture.(Refer to the Owner’s Manualto determine the proper mixture foryour area.)The recommended ser-vice interval of the factory-fill coolantis125,000miles(200,000km)or15years,whichever comes first.Sub-sequent replacement of Genuine9Nissan Long Life Antifreeze/Coolant (Blue)should occur every 75,000miles(120,000km)or 5years whichever comes first. NOTE:Mixing any other type of cool-ant or the use of non-distilled water will reduce the recommended service interval of the coolant.Chassis and Body Maintenance:Brake Lines and Cables Visually inspect for proper installa-tion.Check for chafing,cracks,dete-rioration,and signs of leaking.Re-place any deteriorated or damaged parts immediately.Brake Pads&RotorsCheck for wear,deterioration and fluid leaks.Replace any deteriorated or damaged parts immediately.In-Cabin MicrofilterReplace at specified intervals.Whendriving for prolonged periods in dustyconditions,replace the filter more fre-quently.Steering Gear and Linkage,Axleand Suspension Parts,DriveShaft BootsCheck for damage,looseness,andleakage of oil or grease.Under severedriving conditions,inspect more fre-quently.Tire RotationTires should be rotated every7,500miles according to the instruc-tions in the Owner’s Manual.Whenrotating tires,check for damage anduneven wear.Replace if necessary.Reduction Gear OilVisually inspect for signs of leakage atspecified intervals.Off-Road MaintenanceCheck the following items frequentlywhenever you drive off-road throughdeep sand,mud or water:●Brake pads and rotors●Brake lines and hoses●Reduction gear oil●Steering linkage10The following Maintenance Schedule has been compiled by Nissan toassist you in performing the recommended maintenance services andkeeping appropriate records of services performed.Along with therelated repair invoices,receipts,and other such records,a properlydocumented maintenance history could enhance the value of yourelectric vehicle should you ever wish to sell it.The services listedrepresent the minimal Nissan recommended requirements for eachtime/mileage interval,up to120,000miles/96months.Beginning onpage37you will find a log that should be used to track when andwhere services were performed.Ask your Service Advisor to updateyour log each time your electric vehicle is serviced.11❑For the ultimate in preventative maintenance,ask your Service Advisor for a complimentary Multi-Point Inspection every time you visit your partici-pating Nissan LEAF certified dealer.See page 12for more information on Multi-Point Inspections.13MAINTENANCE SCHEDULEIn-Cabin MicrofilterThe In-Cabin Microfilter filters the air you breathe in your electric vehicle.This system filters both outside and re-circulated air used by the air conditioning system in your electric vehicle.Replacing the Microfilter every year or 15,000miles is the best way to help prevent road dust,pollen and other air pollutants from entering the interior of your electric vehicle and the air you breathe.If your electric vehicle is not equipped with an In-Cabin Micro-filter system –see your Nissan LEAF certified dealer about getting one installed –you’ll breatheeasier.15MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE❑For the ultimate in preventative maintenance,ask your Service Advisor for a complimentary Multi-Point Inspection every time you visit your partici-pating Nissan LEAF certified dealer.See page 12for more information on Multi-Point Inspections.17MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE<This check must be performed based solely on the number of service months,not mileage>❑For the ultimate in preventative maintenance,ask your Service Advisor for a complimentary Multi-Point Inspection every time you visit your partici-pating Nissan LEAF certified dealer.See page 12for more information on Multi-Point Inspections.1Review of the EV Battery Usage Report is required as a condition of EV battery warranty.Refer to your 2013LEAF warranty information booklet for details.Both the 12month and 24month inspections will be performed by your Nissan LEAF certified dealer at no cost to the vehicle owner.19MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE❑For the ultimate in preventative maintenance,ask your Service Advisor for a complimentary Multi-Point Inspection every time you visit your partici-pating Nissan LEAF certified dealer.See page 12for more information on Multi-Point Inspections.21MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE❑For the ultimate in preventative maintenance,ask your Service Advisor for a complimentary Multi-Point Inspection every time you visit your partici-pating Nissan LEAF certified dealer.See page 12for more information on Multi-Point Inspections.23MAINTENANCE SCHEDULEnot mileage>Inspection every time you visit your par-LEAF warranty information booklet for details.❑For the ultimate in preventative maintenance,ask your Service Advisor for a complimentary Multi-Point Inspection every time you visit your partici-pating Nissan LEAF certified dealer.See page 12for more information on Multi-Point Inspections.25MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE❑For the ultimate in preventative maintenance,ask your Service Advisor for a complimentary Multi-Point Inspection every time you visit your partici-pating Nissan LEAF certified dealer.See page 12for more information on Multi-Point Inspections.27MAINTENANCE SCHEDULEnot mileage>Inspection every time you visit your par-LEAF warranty information booklet for details.❑For the ultimate in preventative maintenance,ask your Service Advisor for a complimentary Multi-Point Inspection every time you visit your partici-pating Nissan LEAF certified dealer.See page 12for more information on Multi-Point Inspections.29MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE❑For the ultimate in preventative maintenance,ask your Service Advisor for a complimentary Multi-Point Inspection every time you visit your partici-pating Nissan LEAF certified dealer.See page 12for more information on Multi-Point Inspections.31MAINTENANCE SCHEDULEnot mileage>Inspection every time you visit your par-LEAF warranty information booklet for details.When replacing the Li-ion battery assembly or module,be sure to record the ID in the space provided.Please confirm the service manual for modulelocation.333435367,500Miles or6Months Dealer Name:Date:Mileage:DealerStamp:15,000Miles or12MonthsDealer Name:Date:Mileage:DealerStamp:22,500Miles or18MonthsDealer Name:Date:Mileage:DealerStamp:30,000Miles or24Months Dealer Name:Date:Mileage:DealerStamp:37,500Miles or30MonthsDealer Name:Date:Mileage:DealerStamp:45,000Miles or36MonthsDealer Name:Date:Mileage:DealerStamp:52,500Miles or42Months Dealer Name:Date:Mileage:DealerStamp:60,000Miles or48MonthsDealer Name:Date:Mileage:DealerStamp:67,500Miles or54MonthsDealer Name:Date:Mileage:DealerStamp:37。
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风度轿车
目录
目录
第一章 发动机维修数据概述..........................................................................................1
1．1 电控发动机的主要控制功能 .............................................................................1 1．2 电控对汽车发动机性能的改善 .........................................................................1 1．3 风度轿车发动机维修数据及规格......................................................................1
2．7 质量空气流量传感器......................................................................................70 2．7．1 结构原理...........................................................................................70 2．7．2 质量空气流量传感器线路图 ..............................................................70 2．7．3 质量空气流量传感器的故障诊断 .......................................................73
2．5 主电源及接地线路 .........................................................................................60 2．5．1 主电源及接地线路图 .........................................................................60 2．5．2 主电源及接地线路测试 .....................................................................64
2．8．1 结构原理...........................................................................................74 2．8．2 冷却液温度传感器线路图..................................................................75 2．8．3 冷却液温度传感器的故障诊断...........................................................77 2．8．4 冷却液温度传感器的检测..................................................................78 2．9 点火信号 .......................................................................................................78 2．9．1 点火信号装置的位置 .........................................................................78 2．9．2 点火信号线路....................................................................................79 2．9．3 点火信号的故障诊断 .........................................................................85 2．9．4 点火信号装置的检修 .........................................................................86 2．10 爆震传感器 ..................................................................................................87 2．10．1 结构原理.........................................................................................87 2．10．2 爆震传感器连接线路 .......................................................................87 2．10．3 爆震传感器的故障诊断 ...................................................................90 2．10．4 爆震传感器的检测 ..........................................................................91 2．11 节气门位置传感器 .......................................................................................91 2．11．1 结构原理 .........................................................................................91 2．11．2 节气门位置传感器线路....................................................................92 2．11．3 节气门位置传感器的故障诊断 .........................................................94 2．11．4 节气门位置传感器的检测 ................................................................95 2．12 曲轴位置传感器（参考） ...................................................................95 2．12．1 结构原理.........................................................................................95 2．12．2 曲轴位置传感器线路 .......................................................................96 2．12．3 曲轴位置传感器的故障诊断 ............................................................98 2．12．4 曲轴位置传感器的检测 ...................................................................99 2．13 自动变速器控制...........................................................................................99 2．13．1 自动变速器 ...................................................................................100 2．13．2 自动变速器控制系统的故障诊断 ...................................................102 2．14 曲轴位置传感器（位置） ..........................................................................104 2．14．1 结构原理.......................................................................................104 2．14．2 曲轴位置传感器线路 .....................................................................105 2．14．3 曲轴位置传感器的故障诊断 ..........................................................107 2．14．4 曲轴位置传感器的检测 .................................................................108 2．15 车速传感器 ................................................................................................108 2．15．1 结构原理.......................................................................................108 2．15．2 车速传感器线路 ............................................................................109 2．15．3 车速传感器的故障诊断 ................................................................. 111 2．16 怠速空气控制阀（IACV）—辅助空气控制（ACC）阀 ..............................112 2．16．1 结构原理.......................................................................................112 2．16．2 系统控制线路................................................................................113 2．16．3 系统故障诊断................................................................................115 2．16．4 系统部件检修................................................................................117 2．17 加热式氧传感器.........................................................................................117