英语教学法复习资料
英语教学法复习资料
英语教学法复习资料一、选择题：1. Young __A___ John was, he was able to swim across the channel within minutes.A. asB. soC. thoughD. although2. They always kept on good D with their next-door neighbors for the children’s sake.A. friendshipB. relationsC. relativesD. terms3. Do ___B____ you are told; otherwise you will be punished.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. whom4. When we hurried to the station, there happened C no bus at that time.A. to haveB. to beC. havingD. being5. ___B__ the old man’s sons wanted to know was __D___ the gold had been hidden.A. That…whatB. What…whereC. What…thatD. That…where6. We have A two seats for 8:30 flight to New York tomorrow.A. boughtB. soldC. bookedD. ordered7. Is this museum ___C____ you visited a few days agoA. whereB. thatC. on whichD. the one8. There’s no question that the ads had a real impact __ B___ the public.A. toB. withC. onD. of9. __A_____ the English examination I would have gone to the concert last Saturday.A. In spite ofB. But forC. Because ofD. As or10. Tom B his lessons from seven to eight last night.A. was doingB. had doneC. were takenD. had been taken11. Large quantities of water ___D_____ cooling purposes.A. are needed forB. is needed forC. are need toD. is need for12. Who will you get C the project for usA. designB. to designC. designedD. designing13. We’ll visit Europe next year ___C_____ we have enough money.A. providedB. unlessC. untilD. lest14. ----- Mom, I’m very sorry for having broken the plate. ----- Oh, boy, DA. it doesn’t matterB. no problemC. that’s rightD. thank you15. It’s already 5 o’clock now. Don’t you think it’s about time ____C____A. we are going homeB. we go homeC. we went homeD. we can go home16. By the time Jane gets home, her aunt B for London to attend a meeting.A. will haveB. leavesC. will have leftD. left17. With John ____D____ there’s more room in the house.A. to be awayB. been awayC. awayD. was away18. When are they C in their planA. handB. handedC. to handD. give19. The sales manager asked his men to inform him __B___ everything concerning the sales in time.A. /B. ofC. againstD. on20. Robert is said A abroad, but I don’t know what country he studied in.A. to have studiedB. to studyC. to be studyingD. to have been studying21. She is waiting for the doctor ___ B __ I know will not come.A. whomB. whoC. whichD. that22. Some of the water B wasted by them.A. wasB. wereC. areD. being23. When spring comes, it gets ____B____.A. warm and warmB. warm and warmerC. warmer and warmerD. more and more warm24. The coffee is wonderful！It doesn’t taste like anythingI B before.A. was havingB. haveC. have ever hadD. had ever had25. You should go to the grand opening ceremony, ____B____A. aren’t youB. shouldn’t youC. wouldn’t you’t you26. I think we should let Maria go camping with her boyfriend.B , she’s a big girl now.A. After allB. Above allC. First of allD. For all27. How beautifully she sings! I have never heard ____C____.A. the better voiceB. a good voiceC. the best voiceD.a better voice28. The study of the wild world may help to make the world easierC .A. understoodB. to be understoodC. to understandD. understand29. He told me the news ___ D __ our team had won the game.A. aboutB. ofC. asD. that30. As a result of my laziness, I failed C my workin time.A. and finishedB. to finishC. and finishingD. to finished31. A good many proposals were raised by the delegates ___ B __ was to be expected.A. thatB. whatC. soD. as.二、完形填空：. In Japan, most people still feel that a woman’s place is in the home; and most women willingly accept their ( C ) role as wife, leaving the business of making a living ( C ) their husbands. For those who do want a ( B ) of their own, opportunities are limited, and working women usually have to ( D ) for lower wages, fewer promotions, less responsible ( A ).In America, on the other hand, most women, ( B ) wives and mothers, work most of their lives, but ( B ), few have had real careers. As in Japan most fields are ( D ) by men and opportunities for women have been ( A ), salaries low, chances for advancement ( C ) American women work mainly because they ( D ), in these days of inflation and luxury living. ( A ) income per family is simply not enough to ( B ). So American women actually have two jobs: one nine-to-five position outside the home, and ( D ) round-the-clock-in-the-home-job ( A ) wife, house-maid, cook, and nurse.One of the main goals of the modern women’s liberation movement, which started ( A ), was to eliminate sex discrimination in the work force, and to ( B ) careers for women that were previously ( D ) for men. Though there is stilla long way to ( A ), a lot of progress has been ( A ).1. A. conservative B. usual C. traditional D. unhappy2. A. for B. no C. up to D. away with3. A. job B. career C. profession D. post4. A. settle B. request C. ask5. A. titles B. status C. assignments D. positions6. B. including C. containing D. involving7. A. at present B. until recently C. recently until recently8. A. owned B. kept C. led D. dominated9. A. restricted B. bounded C. reduced D. prohibited10. A. small B. inadequate C. rare D. scarce11. A. should B. ought C. like D. have to12. B. single C. only D. the one13. B. live on C. feed on D. support14. A. another B. one C. other D. the other15. A. such as B. like C. as D. acting16. A. in the early 1960s B. in early the 1960sC. early in the 1960D. in the early 196017. A. lead to B. open up C. offer D. set up18. A. preserved B. observed C. concerned D. reserved19. A. go B. travel C. strive D. pull through20. A. made B. taken C. covered D. completed. The thing I like most about living on a farm is the change of ( C ), spring, summer, autumn and winter. You can see them ( B ) come and go and each one is ( B ) different. In the city you can't ( D )—— you can buy ( A ) flowers in winter and eat the ( A ) vegetables all the year ( B ). Here in the country you ( A ) eat things at ( B ) times of the ( C )—— for example strawberries in June and turnips in winter. You live ( A ) the seasons.( C ) we make most of our food ——we make butter and cheese, we ( D ) our own vegetables and ( D ) our own bread. We never eat ( A ) or tinned food. Everything is ( C ) so it must be better for your health. City people may think we ( B ) a lot of good things (A ) modern life, but in my ( C ) they miss a lot more than we do——they miss ( C ) life.1. A. climate B. weather C. seasons D. times2. A. both B. all C. everyone D. whole3. A. completely B. fully C. perfectly D. little4. A. understand B. realize C. know D. tell5. A. natural B. native C. normal D. summer6. A. various B. different C. same D. like7. A. off B. out C. round D. about8. A. only B. just C. simply D. purely9. A. several B. certain C. reliable D. definite10. A. season B. year C. month D. period11. A. by B. beside C. along D. with12. A. Also B. But C. However D. Still13. A. farm B. grow C. keep D. raise14. A. produce B. burn C. bake D. cook15. A. freeze B. freezing C. froze D. frozen16. A. pure B. rare C. fresh D. new17. A. miss B. lose C. leave D. skip18. A. from B. about C. with D. behind19. A. opinion B. though C. idea D. mind20. A. genuine B. sound C. actual D. real三、阅读理解82. Why don’t birds get lost in their long migratory flights Scientists have been puzzled over this question for many years. Now they’re beginning to fill in the blanks.Not long ago, experiments showed that birds rely on the sunto guide them during daylight hours. But what about birds that fly mainly at night Tests with artificial stars have proved conclusively that certain night-flying birds are able to follow the star in their long-distance flights.One such bird---a warbler(鸣禽)---had spent its lifetime in a cage and never flown under the natural sky. Yet it showed an inborn ability to use the stars for guidance. The bird’s cage was placed under an artificial star-filled sky at migration time. The bird tried to fly in the same direction as that taken by his outdoor cousins. Any change in the position of the make-believe stars caused a change in the direction of his flight.Scientists think that warbler, when flying in daylight, use the sun for guidance. But the stars are apparently their principal means of navigation. What do they do when the stars are hidden by clouds Apparently, they find their way by such landmarks as mountain ranges, coast lines, and river courses. But when it’s too dark to see these, the w arblers circle helplessly, unable to get their bearings.1. The reason why birds don’t get lost in migratory flights （ B ）A. have been known to scientists for years .B. have only recently been discovered.C. are known by everyone.D. will probably remain a mystery.2. The experiment with the warbler indicated that( D )A. birds have to be taught to navigate.?B. a bird that has been caged will not migrate.C. some birds cannot fly at night.D. some birds seem instinctively to follow the star when flying at night.( D )3. Under artificial stars, the bird in the cageA. tried to fly in the same direction as birds not caged .B. changed direction when the position of the stars was changed.C. would not fly at all.D. both A and B.4. Warblers migrate( C )A. from North American to the Falkland Islands.B. only once during their lifetime.C. using what is apparently an inborn navigational ability.D. when they are freed from their cages.5. This article is a good example of the way scientists( B )A. jump to conclusion.?B. discover workable answers to general questions by studying particular cases.C. formulate a law and then carry out investigation.D. are frustrated by the habits of animals.1. In the night sky you might see a big white ball. This is the moon. The moon moves around the earth. It does this one time about every 291/2 days. It is smaller than the stars. But it looks bigger. That’s because it is closer to us than the stars.Sometimes the moon looks like a ball of light. Other times it looks only part of a ball. But it is really always the same. The moon’s light comes from the sun. Sometimes one part is lighted. Other times another part is lighted. We see only the part of the moon that is lighted.The moon has no air, no wind, and no water. So nothing can live there. There are no plants or animals. It is made up mostly of rock. There are big holes all over the moon. Sometimes you can see dark places on the moon. It is really these holes that you are seeing.Let’s say you were standing on the moon and you looked up. The sky would be black. It always looks like night. And the stars in it are always out. In the day the rocks on the moonget very hot. At night they are colder than any place on the earth.People have always liked to look at the moon. In it they have seen many things. Some think they see people. Others see animals. One person might see a frog or a cat. Another might see a rabbit. Look up at the moon tonight. What do you see1. According to the passage we know that the moon B .A. is bigger than the stars, but looks smallerB. looks smaller because it is closer to us than the starsC. is smaller than the stars, but looks biggerD. looks bigger because it is farther to us than the stars2. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage C .A. The light from the sun sometimes lights only one part of the moon.B. People could see dark holes al over the moon.C. Nothing could live on the noon except animals because it is made up of rock.D. No life could be seen on the moon without air and water on it.3. From the passage we can infer that D .A. the difference between day temperature and nighttemperature on the moon is very bigB. people could not stand on the moon because it is very hotin the dayC. people could not stand on the moon because it is too coldat nightD. it’s impossible for people to live on the moon because thereis no food there4. The author implies that the reason why people like to look at the moon is that C .A. they believe there are really people on the moonB. they think some animals are living on the moonC. they care for the frogs, cats and rabbits on the moonD. the moon can give them many imaginations5. The purpose of the writer in writing this passage is toA .A. tell us something about the moonB. require us to distinguish the moon and the starsC. emphasize the importance of the moonD. state the relationship between people and the moon2. During one summer not long ago, Americans in the Southwest were without rain for many days. The sun burned up crops. Animals went hungry on the dry land. At last, clouds appearedin the sky and sent down rain.How do such clouds form The sun, the earth, and the air all play a part. The changes that take place before clouds can formdo not always happen quickly. First, the earth is heated by the sun. This causes tiny drops of water in oceans and riversto rise and mix with air. As the wet air rises higher, it cools off, making clouds.What causes these clouds to become rain The tiny drops of water inside the clouds become larger as they gather more wetness from the air around them. Finally, the drops become so large that they can no longer be held up by the air. They fall to the ground as rain.The raindrops that fall are not always the same size. Some maybe very large. But the smallest come down in a fine mist.Rain is needed for all life. When it falls after a long dry spell, trees, grass, and bushes may begin to look fresh and green again. These plants need water to stay healthy. The rain also causes streams to fill with water. This makes it possiblefor fish and other animals to live. Rain brings new life and hope to millions of people and other living things.1. The first paragraph mentions the period of time during which the weather was very and crops wereD .A. rainy, burntB. drought, burnt upC. drought, burntD. dry, burnt up2. The phrase “play a part” means D .A. be a roleB. form as a partC. connect with each otherD. make a contribution3. Concerning how rain comes into being, which statement is true D .A. A lot of drops of water rise and mix with air as the sun shines.B. Wet air cools off as it rises higher.C. The drops become larger and larger as they gather more wetness.D. The drops fall to the ground as they become too large to hold up.4. In the last paragraph, the word “spell” means C .A. weatherB. a periodC. timesD. none of the above5. This passage mainly explains B of clouds and rain.A. the formationB. the phenomenaC. the importanceD. the function83. Social customs and ways of behaving change. Things whichwere considered impolite many years ago are now acceptable. Just a few years ago, it was considered impolite behavior for a man to smoke on the street. No man who thought of himself as being a gentleman would make a fool of himself by smoking when a lady was in a room.Customs also differ from country to country. Does a man walk on the left or the right of a woman in your country Or doesn’t it matter What about table manners Should you use both hands when you are eating Should you leave one on your lap, or on the tableThe Americans and the British not only speak the same language but also share a large number of social customs. For example, in both America and England people shake hands when they meet each other for the first time. Also, most Englishmen will open a door for a woman or offer their seat to a woman, and so will most Americans. Promptness is important both in England and in America. That is, if a dinner invitation is for 7 o’clock, the dinner guest either arrives close to that time or calls up to explain his delay.The important thing to remember about social customs is not to do anything that might make other people feel uncomfortable, especially if they are your guests. There is an old story abouta man who gave a formal dinner party. When the food was served, one of the guests started to eat his peas with a knife. The other guests were amused or shocked, but the host calmly picked up his knife and began eating in the same way. It would have been bad manners to make his guest feel foolish or uncomfortable.1. If one has accepted a dinner invitation, what should he do if he is to be late for the dinner( D )A. He should find an excuse.B. He should ask for excuse.C. He should say “Sorry”.D. He should telephone to explain his being late.2. “It would have been bad manners to make his guests feel foolish or uncomfortable.” “Bad manners: means ( C )A. uglyB. dishonestC. impoliteD. shameful3. Which of the following do you think is the best title for this passage( A )A. Social Customs and BehaviorB. Social lifeC. American and British CustomsD. Promptness Is Important4. According to the text, the best host ( A )A. tries his best to make his guests feel comfortableB. makes his guests feel excitedC. tries to avoid being naughty to his guestsD. tries to avoid being foolish5. The author of this article may agree with which of the following( C )A. The guest who ate his peas with a knife.B. The other guests who were amused or shocked.C. The host who picked up his knife and began eating in the same way.D. None of the above.四、汉译英1. 我现在无法想像没有孩子们的生活。
英语教学法期末复习资料
（开放专科）英语教学法期末复习资料Ⅰ. Choose the best answerDirections: In this part, you are given ten questions which are followed by 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Read the choices carefully and choose the one that can best answer the question.1. Which of the following is characteristic of children in learning a foreign language?A. They pay more attention to meaning than to form.B. They have a clear purpose in learning a foreign language.C. They can monitor their own learning.D. They can concentrate for a long time in class.2. Which of the following is focused on writing?A. Labeling pictures according to their contents.B. Sequencing the pictures according to the story.C. Matching the pictures with the headings.D. Commenting on the pictures.3. Which of the following activities helps train logical thinking best*.A. Story telling.B. Finding patterns.C. Interviewing.D. Mind mapping.4. Which of the following should we examine if we want to assess the students' intrapersonal intelligence?A. Performance in a discussion.B. Posters.C. Learning diaries.D. Performance in an interview.5. What does the following practise?I want you to send ^ it out in ^ a minute.I have collected a ^ lot^ of monkey stamps.A. Stress.B. Intonation.C. Pronunciation.D. Liaison.6. Which of the following can help to presentA. Realia.B. Miming.C. Examples.D. Pictures.7. What strategy does "creating a situation for students to use the words" help to train?A. Association.B. Association.C. Contextualization.D. Collocation.8. Which of the following activities can be used at the practice stage of vocabulary instruction?A. Completion exercises.B. Reading to discover the meaning of words.C. Cross-word puzzles.D. Teacher explaining the usage of words.9. Which of the following is a communication activity?A. Bingo.B. Information transfer.C. Substitution.D. Twenty questions.10. Which of the following can train oral proficiency?A. Flow chart dialogue.B. Distant dictation.C. Sequencing pictures.D. Labeling pictures.11. Which of the following activities help to train reading?A. Drawing according to oral instructions.B. Designing praising cards.C. Commenting on pictures,D. Matching the pictures with different stories.12. Which of the following seating arrngements is most suitable for group discussion?13. What is the teacher doing by saying "Now you are going to do this in pairs. "?A. Setting up tasks.B. Controlling discipline.C. Demonstrating.D. Getting feedback.14. Which of the following activities is most suitable for whole-class work?A. Presenting new language.B. Role-play.C. Information gap.D. Writing summaries.15. Which of the following belongs to physical factors that affect the designing of a lesson plan?A. Students' needs.B. Students' background.C. Student language proficiency.D. Syllabus requirements.16. What type of learners can benefit most from acting activities?A. Kinesthetic learners.B. Auditory learners.C. Individual learners.D. visual learners'"17. What learning strategy does the following activity help to train?Put the words in the relevant columns.Bananas, dogs, sheep, oranges.A. Grouping.B. Collocation.C. Association.D. Imagery.18. Which of the following can train listening?A. Sequencing the pictures.B. Writing captions for pictures.C. TPR.D. Matching titles with different paragraphs.19. Which of the following activities involves writing?A. Labeling pictures.B. Matching pictures with labels.C. Dramatization.D. Role play.20 How do chiIdren learn their first language?:A. By imitationsB. By being corrected by parents.C. By learning language rules.D. By, acting and performing.21. What's the teacher doing by saying "Now you are going to do this in pairs. ?A. Checking understanding.B. Giving prompt.C. Setting tasks.D. Getting feedback22. Which of the:following activities can be best done with pair work?A. Information gap;B. Guessing gamesC. Watching videos.D. Role-play.23. Which Of the following helps assess language performance?A. Asking students to reflect on what activities attract them most.B. Asking students about their attitudes towards a Certain gameC. Asking students to draw pictures according to description?D. Asking the students to do a quiz at the end of the lesson.24. Which of the following is suitable for Speaking?A. TPR actions.B. Recognizing pictures.C. Information-gap.D. Matching pictures with descriptions.25. In which of the following activities does the teacher play the role,of prompter?A. Give suggestions during an activityB. Read out the new words to the students.C. Take part in the pupils’ conversation.D. Encourage students to go on with their talk.26. Which of the following belongs to projects?A. Guessing what someone is eating.B. Creating a poster.C. Listening and identifying.D. Information gap.27. What kind of classroom arrangement is most suitable for the following activites?The teacher asks the pupils to discuss what they are going to do at the weekend.A. Pair work.B. Group work.C. Whole-class work.D. Individual work.28. What is the teaching doing in the following part of instruction7T: All right, I think it is the time.A. Introducing the activity.B. Giving a start.C. Checking understandingD. Concluding an activity.29, What is the teacher doing in terms of error correction?S: I seed a very good 'film on TV yesterday.T: Y ou SA W a very good film yesterday?A. Helping, correct the mistakeB. Giving a hint that the student has used the wrong tense,C. Asking the student to correct the mistake himselfD. Asking the student whether he really saw the film.30: What does children% short attention span imply for classroom instruction?.A. We should not make any activity too long.B. We should not waste time explaining complicated language rules.C. We should provide good models for children to imitate.D. We should select to those topics relevant to students’ experience.II．MatchingDirections: In this part, you are given five questions, Each question is followed by two columns of options. Y ou are to match the options on the left marked 1), 2), 3), 4) with relevant options on the right marked A, B, C and D, and write the answers on the answer sheet. Make sure each option can only match with one another.1. Match the learning styles on the left with the type of activities on the right.1) Group learners. A. Cutting paper.2) Individual learners. B. Watching videos.3) V isual learners. C. Discussing weekend plans.4) Tactile learners. D. Doing reading practice.2. Match the teacher's actions on both sides.1) S: I seed a film yesterday. A. Helping the student to correct hisT: Mum? own mistakes.2) S: I seed a film yesterday. B. Giving hints that there are mistakesT: Y ou SEED a film yesterday? in his speech.3) S: I seed a film yesterday. C. Encouraging others to correct theT: Y ou should say "saw", not mistake."seed".4) S: I seed a film yesterday. D. Correcting the student's mistakesT: What did Tom do? Anyone, who directly.can tell us?3. Match the activities on the left with the focus of instruction on the right.1) Complete the sentences according to the pictures. A. Listening.2) Put the sentences in the correct order according to B. Speaking.the pictures.3) Decide on the right pictures according to the C. Reading.recording.4) Discuss hobbies according to the pictures. D. Writing.4. Match the activities with the relevant classroom arrangement.1) Chain retelling of a story. A. Whole class work.2) Flow-chat dialogue. B. Individual work.3) Forming a basketball team. C. Pair work.4) Sentence completion D. Group work.5. Match the questions with the items they assess.1) What problems do you still have? A. Language performance.2) How well did you prepare before class? B. Progress.3) How well did you work in your group C. Classroom participation.work?4) Flow well did you do in the vocabulary quiz? D. Self-regulation.6. Match the learning styles on the left with the type of activities on the right.1) Group learners A. Discussion2) Reflective learners B. Making judgments3) Individual learners C. Copying4) Tactile learners D. Ding handcrafts7. Match the type Of intelligence on the left with the stuitable activities on the right.1) Interpersonal intelligence.? A. Active imagination2) Musical intelligence, B. Rhythmic patterns3) Naturalistic intelligence C. Sensing others’ motives,4) Spatial intelligence D. Photographing8. Match the items of phonetics on the left with the realizations on the right1) Articulation A. Not at all2) Intonation B. She sells seashells by the seashore3) Liaison C.. Want to do a good4) Loss of explosion D. Do you speak ,English?9. Match the type of vacabulary learning strategies on the left with the activities that help totrain them on the right.1) Collocation A. Ask the students to find .the words from takedialogue and: guess their meanings2) ContextB. B. AsktheStudentstolistentoarecort and read after it.3) Grouping C. Ask the students to the words I n the right category.4) Imitation D. Ask the students to match the prepositions with the nouns.10.Match the type of activities on the left with :the focus on the right?1）Simon says A. Reading2) Look and say B. Writing;3) Sentence completion C. Speaking4) Drawing according, to instruction D. ListeningⅢ. Multiple choice questionsDirections: In this part, you are given ten questions which are followed by 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Read the choices carefully and choose the one(s) you think suitable. Y on may have more than one answer to each question.1. Which of the following roles do the primary school teachers play?A. A helper.B. A motivator.C. A friend.D. An organizer.2. Which of the following are/is characteristic of children?A. Not afraid of making mistakes.B. Analytical in learning.C. More instrumentally motivated.D. Good at generalizing.3. Which of the following explain(s) how children acquire their first language?A. By experimenting with the language.B. By interacting with people around them.C. By mimicking.D. By attending lessons.4. Which of the following features the learning of a foreign language?A. Natural learning context.B. Structured input.C. Conscious learning.D. Little error correction.5. Which of the following give(s) the right explanation of Chinese and English phonetic systems?A. English differentiates stressed syllables and unstressed syllables, and so does Chinese.B. Both English and Chinese have many vowels.C. Both English and Chinese have a lot of combined consonants.D. English words often have two or more syllables, but Chinese characters have only one.6.. If the class is too passive and lifeless, what will you do?A. Ask the students to read out the text together.B. Ask the students to copy the text.C. Ask students to act out the dialogue.D. Ask the students to do guessing games7. What is practiced in the following activity?Now, work in pairs and ask your partner what he or she has in his or her schoolbag.A. V ocabulary.B. Speaking.C. Listening.D. Grammar.8. Which two of the' followlng should be the focus of oral instruction?A. LanguageB. Function.C. FluencyD. Knowledge9.Which of the following are true of second language learning?A. Structured input.B. Selected exposure.C: Natural contextD. Focus on communication10. Which of the following can provide data for informative assessment?A. Final-term examinationB. Classroom observation.C. Peer evaluation of studentsD. Students' learning diary.IV. Activity designing :I．In this part, you are to design a 10-minute speaking activity according to the material given. The activity should be based on the following dialogue and make use of the pictures given. Make sure yon include all the items of an activity described in the textbook objective, organization, assumed time, procedure, predicted problems and solutions). Y ou can 'rife your design of the activity according to the table given. Make sure you give the assumed me for each step.Tom: Do you miss China?Darning: Sometimes.Tom: Do you want to go to China with me?Darning: Chinatown? But this is America.om: There is a Chinatown in New Y ork! There are a lot of Chinese shops and restaurants there.Darning: Really?Tom: Y es, and there's Chinese dancing.Darning: Let's go to Chinatown now.II．the material given. The activity should be based on the material. Make sure you include all the items of an activity according to the table given (objective, organization type, assumed time, predicted problems and solutions, procedures including assigning the tasks; students preparing in groups; getting feedback). Make sure you give the assumed time for each step.TEXTA：Look, there he is.B：Who?A：Robert, the guy I’ve been telling you about.B：Oh. The guy you’re going out with?A：I wish. The guy I want to go out with.B：Oh, he he’s really handsome. Um, lets go talk to him.A：Oh, OK. I’ll introduce you. I think you’ll really like him…Hi, Robert.C：Oh, hi.A：Have you met my friend, Jean?C：I’m afraid not.A：Hey, Jean, this is Robert. Robert, this is Jean.C：Nice to meet you, Jean.B：Nice to meet you . Robert.Please design a 10-minute communicative speaking activity according to the material given. In this speaking activity, you are to train the students to learn how to greet people and make introduction.1. Objectives (2%) __________________________________2. Classroom organization (2%)________________________________3. Assumed time (2%) _______________________________4. Predicted problems (2%)_______________5. Solutions (3%) _____________________________6. Procedure (9%)(1)Assigning the tasks______________________________(2) Students preparing in pairs_________________________(3) Getting feedback ________________________________III．Activity designing (20%)Directions: In this part, you are to design a 10-minute communicative speaking activity according to the material given. The activity should be based on the material. Make sure you include all the items of an activity according to the table given (objective, organization type, procedure (at least 3 procedures), assumed time, predicted problems and solutions). Make sure you give the assumed time for each step.TEXTA: Hi，Susan. Have you got any plans for the weekend?B: No, not really. Why?A: Well, Bill and I were thinking of giving a party. Would you like to come?B: I’d love to. What can I bring?A: Nothing. Just yourself. Oh, I almost forgot.Could you tell the girls in your dorm about the party？B: Sure. By the way, what time do you want people to show up？A: Around seven. And also please tell the girls not to wear anything formal.It will be a casual affair.B: Okay .Name of activity ( 1%)________________Objectives (1%)__________________________________Type of the activity (1%)____________________Classroom organization (1%)___________________________Teacher’s role（1%）___________________Students’ role （1%）___________________Assumed time (1%) ______________Predicted problems (2%)_______________Solutions (2%)_____________________________Procedure (9%)(1)Assigning the tasks______________________________(2)Students preparing in pairs__________________________(3) Getting feed back________________________________。
英语学科教学法复习Unit1-14
Unit 1ZPD: The Zone of Proximal Development1.What is ZPD ?The distance between the actual development level as determined by independent problem solving and the level of potential development as determined through problem-solving under adult guidance or in collaboration with more capable peers.The zone of proximal development (ZPD) is the range of abilities that an individual can perform with assistance but cannot yet perform independently. These skills are called "proximal" because the individual is close to mastering them but needs more guidance and practice in order to perform these actions independently.2.Three factors of ZPD?1)The "More Knowledgeable Other": The more knowledgeable other is someone who has a higher level of knowledge than the learner.2)Social Interaction: During certain periods of a child's life, they may even look to peers more than they look to adults. Kids at this age often look to their peers for information about how to act and how to dress. In order for children to learn new skills, it is suggested pairing more competent students with less skilled ones.3)Scaffolding: When children are in this zone of proximal development, providing them with the appropriate assistance and tools gives students what they need to accomplish the new task or skill. These activities, instructions, tools, and resources are known as scaffoldingUnit 21.The goal of Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) ?To bridge the gap between classroom language teaching and real-life language usemunicative competence includes......?1)Linguistic competence:- Language itself: form & meaning2)Pragmatic competence:- to use language appropriately in social context3)Discourse competence:- to create coherent texts & to understand them4)Strategic competence:- communication breakdown due to lack of resourcesFluency:- without strain or inappropriate slowness or undue hesitation3.Three principle of CLT?1)Meaningfulness principle: Improve reading, listening and speaking skills and improve logical thinking ability2)Communication principle:Debate is a process that involves formal discussion on a particular topic3)Task principle: To present ideas in the most persuasive waymunicative activities?Identifying pictures Illustration exercise5.What is PPP?The Presentation, Practice and Production model of teachingPresentation of single new item; Practice of new items, drills, exercises, dialogues practice; Production: activity, role play or ask to encourage free use of language6.What is TBLT?TBLT means Task-Based Language Teaching.4 main component of task: a purpose, a context, a process, a productA communicative purpose: making sure the students have a reason for undertaking the taskA context: this can be real, simulated or imaginary, and involves sociolinguistic issues such as the location, the participants and their relationship, the time, and other important factorsA process: getting students to use learning strategies such as problem solving, reasoning, inquiring, conceptualizing and communicating.A product: there will be some form of outcome, either visible (a written plan, a letter, a picture, etc.) or invisible (enjoying a story, learning about another country, etc.)Features of task:Attention is focused on meaning rather than form.The language use is like the real-world communicationThere is some kind of information gap between the participants7.Differences between PPP and TBLT?PPP:students are required to use resources given by teachersTBLT:Students are free to choose the linguistic resources; rely on their own linguistic resources when completing the taskTBLT focus activities encourage students to think and analyze; PPP prefer to repeat and manipulateTBLT provide a more varied exposure to natural language than examples made to illustrate a single language item as in a PPP cycle8.What are the constraints of TBLT?1)The first is that TBLT may be not effective enough to present new language items.2)Second, culture of learning3)Third, level of difficulty4)Forth, time is also one of the constraints because teachers need to prepare tasks very carefully.Unit3 The National English Curriculum1.NFLTRA: The National Foreign Language Teaching & Research Association (NFLTRA) 中国教育学会外语教学专业委员会2.What did the national syllabus of ELT in 1978 mainly focus on?Basic language knowledge: listening, speaking, reading and writing3.In the 2001 National English Curriculum for Nine- year Compulsory Education syllabus, students' abilities to observe, to memorize, to think are emphasized. T/F (F)4.Four Major Phases of foreign language teaching in China?A phase of restoration (1978-1985)A phase of rapid development (1986-1992)A phase of reform (1993-2000)A phase of innovation from 20005.Can you give some tips for teachers to deal with changes and chal lenges in the process of curriculum reform ?an open mind training, Available resources, New ideas, Reflection.seminars on language teaching and observation of teaching.Change the view about language which is not a system of linguistic knowledge but a means for communication. More task-based activitiesMore formative assessmentProperly apply Modern technology in teachingTransform the role pf teacher from a knowledge transmitter to a multi-role educator.Unit41.Do experienced teachers need to do lesson planning? Why?Yes. Because lesson planning is also important for experienced teachers. Lesson planning means making decisions in advance about what to teach, how to teach and the time assignment of every teaching procedure. It can help teachers to be aware of the teaching objectives of a lesson. It can help teachers to distinguish various stages of a lesson. It can give teachers opportunities to anticipate potential problems and be prepared for some possible situations.For teachers, it can help their Professional development, Self-reflection, Confidence and TimemanagementTeaching lesson is not static. The content of lesson and the situation in class keep changing. So experienced teachers also need to do lesson planning.2.What are the principles for good lesson planning?Aim: The teacher needs to have a clear idea of what he/she would like to achieve for the lesson.Variety: Various activities and materials to ensure high motivation and interest.Flexibility: Extra and alternative tasks and activities.Learnability: The contents and tasks should be within the learning capability of the students.Linkage: The stages and steps are somehow linked with one another3.What does “ESA” stand for in successful teaching?Engage: To get students interested in what they learn When they are engaged, they learn better.Study: There must be some new language or new experience for students to learn.The construction of language is the main focus. Successful language learning: Explicit Learning+ Implicit LearningActivate: Students should have the chance to produce language in meaningful ways.It is a kind of rehearsal for the real world4.Think of three important components of a lesson plan and give your reasons.1)Background information---Ages; Grade; Genders; Time; Date; Duration; Specific needs analysis of the target learners.; What they know; What they need to know2)Teaching aims3)Language contents and language skills4)Stages and procedures5)Teaching aids6)End of lesson: summary---ake learning further and deeper; Refer back to learning objectives; Create a sense of achievement and completion of tasks; Develop a habit of reflection on learning; Stimulate interest, curiosity and anticipation of the next phrase of learning7)Optional activities and assignments---Backups in case the lesson goes too fast; Flexible to be cancelled if there is not enough time8)After lesson reflectionUnit51.How to make effective instruction ?Two general rules of giving instructions: They must be kept as simple as possible, and must be logical.Use simple instructions and make them suit the comprehension level of the students.The second rule is to use the mother-tongue only when it is necessary.The best thing to do is to model the task/activity before letting students move into group or pairs.2.The most difficult and important role that teachers have to play is Organiser3.How to choose the way of grouping according to different task requirements?Textbook P75-774. All –wh questions are open questions. True or False? ( F ).5. What are the difference between mistakes and errors?Errors are an inevitable part of learning processErrors tell us if extra teaching need to be done, what are misunderstood, errors help evaluate Ss’ learning Mistakes: a mistake refers to performance error that is either a random guess of a “slip of tongue”, and it is a failure performance to a known system. Every one makes mistakes, no matter in a native language or foreign language.Can be self-corrected, not related to language competence 语言控制能力不足引起的操作性错误嘴瓢Errors: have a direct relation with the learners’ language competence, which do not result from carelessness, but lack of knowledge in target languageCannot be self-corrected 系统性错误如果不纠正会一直错一直错6.What are the 6 levels of Bloom’s Taxonomy?Unit 61.What are the two kinds of stress that are important to achieving good pronunciation?1)word-level stressIt is very important to stress the proper syllable in multisyllabic words. It the wrong syllable is stressed, listeners often will not understnad what word is being pronounced.2)phrase-level or sentence-level stressEach phrase or sentence has one syllable which receives greater or more prominent stress than the others. The rules for predicting the stress of a phrase or sentence are less complex than predicting word-level stress and it depends a lot on the meaning one wants to express.2.Why intonation is important in pronunciation?Intonation can greatly affect the intention of the speaker’s message. Intonation is used by native speakers to express meanings in many subtle ways such as surprise, complaint, sarcasm, friendliness, threats, etc.According to Kelly(2005:11), intonation is “as important as grammar or lexis.’ Many people would agree that this is perhaps one of the last areas of language that foreign language learners can master and is very difficult to teach.In most English sentences, the pitch movement at the end is important for meaning. Student frequently find it difficult to repeat long sentences. In this case, the teacher should break the sentence down to bits and build up towards the complete sentence.Because of the importance of intonation of the end of the sentence, it is naturally better to break down from the end rather than the beginning.3.What is the Critical Period Hypothesis?The first few years of life is the crucial time in which an individual can acquire a first language if presentedwith adequate stimuli. If language input does not occur until after this time, the individual will never achievea full command of language—especially grammatical systems.4.What should be our realistic goal of pronunciation?The goal of teaching pronunciation is not to teach learners to achieve a perfect imitation of a native accent, but simply to get the learners to pronounce accurately enough to be easily and comfortably comprehensible to other speakers.5.What is IPA?International Phonetic Alphabet是一套用来标音的系统，以拉丁字母为基础，由国际语音学学会设计来作为口语声音的标准化标示方法。
《英语教学法教程》（王蔷）考研复习资料
n1. The ultimate goal of ELT: the ultimate of foreign language teaching is to enable students to usethe foreign language in work or life when necessary. Thus we should teach that part of the language that will be used (rather than all part of the language).Definition of task: a piece of classroom work which involves learners in comprehending, manipulating, producing or interacting in the target language while their attention in principally focused on meaning rather than form. (Nunan 1989:8)A lesson plan is a framework of a lesson in which teachers make advance decision about what they hope to achieve and how they would like to achieve it. In other words, teachers need to think about the aims to be achieved, materials to be covered, activities to be organized, and techniques and resources to be used in order to achieve the aims of the lesson.Classroom management is the way teachers organize what goes on in the classroom. It contributes directly to the efficiency of teaching and learning as the most effective activities can be made almost useless if the teacher does not organize them efficiently. As the goal of classroom management is to create an atmosphere conductive to interacting in English in meaningful ways.Deductive method: The Deductive method relies on reasoning, analyzing and comparing. First, the T writes an example on board or draws attention to an example in the textbook. Second, the T explains the underlying rules regarding the forms and positions of certain structural words. The explanations are often done in the S’s native language and use grammatical terms. Sometimes, comparisons are made between the native language and the target language or between the newly presented structure and previously learned structures. Finally, the Ss practice applying the rule to produce sentences with given prompts.Inductive method: the T provides learners with authentic language data and induces the learners to realize grammar rules without any forms of explicit explanation.1. Language:” Language is a system of arbitrary vocal symbols used for human communication.” It can be understood in the following six aspects:Language as system;Language as symbolic;Language as arbitrary;Language as vocal;Language as human;Language as communicationBottom-up modelSome teachers teach reading by introducing new vocabulary and new structures first and then going over the text sentence by sentence. This way of teaching reading reflects the belief thatreading comprehension is based on the understanding and mastery熟练of all the new words, new phrases, and new structures as well as a lot of reading aloud practice. Also, this reading follows a linear process from the recognition of letters, to words, to phrases, to sentences, toparagraphs, and then to the meaning of the whole text. This way of teaching reading is said to follow a bottom-up model.2). Top-down modelIt is believed that in teaching reading, the teacher should teach the background knowledge firstso that students equipped with such knowledge will be able to guess meaning from the printed page. This process of reading is said to follow the top-down model of teaching reading just as Goodman(1970) once said that reading was “a psycholinguistic guessing game”2. Structural view:The structural view sees language as a linguistic system made up of various subsystems: fromphonological, morphological, lexical, etc. to sentences.3. The functional view:The functional view sees language as a linguistic system but also as a means for doing things.Most of our day-to-day language use involves functional activities: greetings; offering,suggesting, advising, apologizing, etc.The communicative view of languageThe communicative, or functional view of language is the view that language is a vehiclefor the expression of functional meaning. The semantic and communicative dimensionsof language are more emphasized than the grammatical characteristics, although theseare also included.4. The interactional view:The interactional view considers language as a communicative tool, whose main use is to buildup and maintain social relations between people.1) The behaviorist theory( Skinne r)-- a stimulus-response theory of psychologyThe key point of the theory of conditioning is that "you can train an animal to do anything(within reason) if you follow a certain procedure which has three major stages, stimulus,response, and reinforcement"2) Cognitive theory( Noam Chomsky):The term cognitive is to describe loosely methods in which students are asked to thinkrather than simply repeat.The goal of CLTThe goal of CLT is to develop students' communicative competenceLesson planning means making decisions in advance about what techniques, activities andmaterials will be used in the class.Teaching stages and procedures:Teaching stages are the major steps that language teachers go through in the classroom.Procedures are the detailed steps in each teaching stage.31. Three P's model: presentation, practice and production.SkimmingSkimming means reading quickly to get the gist, i.e. the main idea of the text.ScanningScanning means to read to locate/get specific information.1). DiscussionA discussion is often used for a) exchange of personal opinions. This sort of discussion canstart with a question like "What do you think of?"b) stating of personal opinions ongeneral issues. c) problem-solving.d) the ranking(分类；顺序)of alternatives e) deciding upon priorities(先;前)etc.2). Role-playRole-play is a very common language learning activity where students play differentroles and interact from the point of view of the roles they play.What’s called A process approach to writing1). DefinitionWhat really matters or makes a difference is the help that the teacher provides toguide the students through the process that they undergo when they are writing. What’s the assessmentAssessment in ELT means to discover what the learners know and can do at a certain stage of the learning process.a. Grammar Translation:The Grammar Translation method started around the time of Erasmus (1466-1536). Its primary focus is on memorization of verb paradigms, grammar rules, and vocabulary. Application of this knowledge was directed on translation of literary texts--focusing of developing students' appreciation of the target language's literature as well as teaching the language. Activities utilized in today's classrooms include: questions that follow a reading passage; translating literary passages from one language to another; memorizing grammar rules; memorizing native-language equivalents of target language vocabulary. (Highly structured class work with the teacher controlling all activities.)b. Direct Method:The Direct Method was introduced by the German educator Wilhelm Viëtor in the early 1800's.Focusing on oral language, it requires that all instruction be conducted in the target language with no recourse to translation. Reading and writing are taught from the beginning, although speaking and listening skills are emphasized--grammar is learned inductively. It has a balanced, four-skill emphasis.c. The Silent Way:The teacher is active in setting up classroom situations while the students do most of the talkingand interaction among themselves. All four skills (listening, speaking, reading & writing) are taught from the beginning. Student errors are expected as a normal part of learning; theteacher's silence helps to foster self-reliance and student initiative.d. Community Language Learning:Teachers recognize that learning can be threatening and by understanding and acceptingstudents' fears, they help their students feel secure and overcome their fears of languagelearning--ultimately providing students with positive energy directed at language learning. Students choose what they want to learn in the class and the syllabus is learner-generated.e. Natural Approach:Introduced by Gottlieb Henese and Dr. L. Sauveur in Boston around 1866. The NaturalApproach is similar to the Direct Method, concentrating on active demonstrations to convey meaning by associating words and phrases with objects and actions. Associations are achieved via mime, paraphrase and the use of manipulatives. Terrell (1977) focused on the principles of meaningful communication, comprehension before production, and indirect error correction. Krashen's (1980) input hypothesis is applied in the Naturale. Reading Method:The reading method was prominent in the U.S. following the Committee of Twelve in 1900 andfollowing the Modern Foreign Language Study in 1928. The earlier method was similar to thetraditional Grammar/Translation method and emphasized the transference of linguistic understanding to English. Presently, the reading method focuses more on silent reading for comprehension purposes.f. ASTP and the Audiolingual Method:This approach is based on the behaviorist belief that language learning is the acquisition of a setof correct language habits. The learner repeats patterns and phrases in the language laboratoryuntil able to reproduce them spontaneously.ASTP (Army Specialized Training Program) was an intensive, specialized approach to language instruction used in during the 1940's. In the postwar years, the civilian version of ASTP and the audiolingual method featured memorization of dialogues, pattern drills, and emphasis on pronunciation.g. Cognitive Methods:Cognitive methods of language teaching are based on meaningful acquisition of grammar structures followed by meaningful practice.h. Communicative Methods:The goal of communicative language approaches is to create a realistic context for languageacquisition in the classroom. The focus is on functional language usage and the ability tolearners to express their own ideas, feelings, attitudes, desires and needs. Open endedquestioning and problem-solving activities and exchanges of personal information are utilized as the primary means of communication. Students usually work with authentic materials (authentic realia) in small groups on communication activities, during which they receive practice in negotiating meaning.i. Total Physical Response Method:This approach to second language teaching is based on the belief that listening comprehension should be fully developed before any active oralparticipation from students is expected (just as it is with children when theyare learning their native language) .What is the Grammar-Translation Method?The Grammar-Translation Method is designed around grammatical structures.The Functional-Notional ApproachUnlike the Grammar-Translation Method, which is based on the grammar structures, it thinks thata general learner should take part in the language activities, the functions of language involved inthe real and normal life are most important. For example, the learners have to learn how to give directions, buy goods, ask a price, claim ownership of something and so on. It tells that is not just important to know the forms of the language, it is also important to know the functions and situations, so that the learner could practice real-life communication.Communicative CompetenceBoth knowledge about the language and the knowledge about how to use the language incommunicative situation appropriately.Critical Period Hypothesis 关键期假说This hypothesis states that if humans do not learn a foreign language before a certain age ,then due tochanges such as maturation of the brain ,it becomes impossible to learn the foreign language like a nativespeaker.1.Process-oriented theories:强调过程 are concerned with how the mind organizes newinformation such as habit formation, induction, making inference, hypothesis testing and generalization.2.Condition-oriented theories : 强调条件emphasize the nature of the human and physical context in which language learning takes place, such as the number of students, the kind of input learners receives, and the atmosphere.3.Behavioristtheory ,(Skinner and waston raynor)A the key point of the theory of conditioning is the key point of the theory of conditioning is that”that”that” you can train an animal to do anything if you you can train an animal to do anything if you follow a certain procedure which has three major stages, s timulus, response, and reinforcementB the idea of this method is that language is learned by constant repletion and the reinforcement of the teacher. Mistakes were immediately corrected, and correct utterances were immediately praised.4.Cognitive theory:Chomsky)thinks that language is not a form of behavior,it is an intricate rule-based system a nd a large part of language acquisition is the learning of this system.There are a fin ite number of grammatical rules in the system and with knowledge of these an infinite number of sentences can be produced.5.Constructivist theory:(John Dewey)the constructivist theory believes that learning is aproces in which the learner constructs meaning based on his/her own experiences and what he/he r already knows6.Socio-constructivist theory: (Vygotsky) he emphasizes interaction and engagement with the tar get language in a social context based on the concept of get language in a social context based on the concept of ““Zone of Proximal Development ” (ZPD) and scaffolding .。
英语教学法复习要点
英语教学法复习要点1.Structural view on language：The structural view of language sees language as a linguistic system made up of various subsystems: the sound system(phonology);the discrete units of meaning produced by sound combinations(morphology), and the system of combining units of meaning for communication(syntax). Each language has a finite number of such structural items. To learn a language means to learn these structural items so as to be able to understand and produce language. When this structural view of language was combined with the stimulus-response principles of behavioristic psychology, the audiolingual approach to language learning emerged.2.Interactional view on language：The interactional view considers language to be a communicative tool, whose main use is to build up and maintain social relations between people. Therefore, learners not only need to know the grammar and vocabulary of the language but as importantly they need to know the rules for using them in a whole range of communicative contexts.municative competence：The goal of CLT is to develop students' communicative competence, which includes boththe knowledge about the language and the knowledge about how to use the language appropriately in communicative situations.There are five main components of communicative competence: linguistic competence, pragmatic competence, discourse competence, strategic competence, fluency4.Task in English language teaching：Task-based Language Teaching is a further development of Communicative Language Teaching. It shares the same beliefs,,as language should be learned as close as possible to how it is used in real life. However, it has stressed the importance to combine form-focused teaching with communicative-focused teaching.5.Overall language ability：• Learning:cognitive; self management; communication; resourcing•Language learning: listening; speaking; reading; writing • Language: phonetics; grammar; vocabulary; functions; topics• Cultural: knowledge; understanding; awareness• Affect: international; perspectives; patriotism; confidence; motivationponents of a lesson plan：background information; teaching aims; language contents and skills; stages and procedures; teaching aids; end of lesson summary; optional activities and assignments; after-lesson reflection.7.The role of the teacher：controller, assessor, organizer, prompter, participant, resource-provider, facilitators, guides, researchers8.Errors and mistakes：a mistake has nothing to do with the language competence, but a result from a temporary breakdown. When a mistake is challenged or given enough attention, it can be self-corrected. An error has direct relation with the learners' language competence. Errors do not result from carelessness nor hesitation, but lack of knowledge in the target language. Language errors cannot be self-corrected no matter how much attention is given. 9.The goal of teaching pronunciation：Consistency: the pronunciation should be smooth and natural; Intelligibility: the pronunciation should be understandable to the listeners; Communicative efficiency: the pronunciation should help convey the meaning that is intended by the speaker.10.Principles for teaching speaking：balancingaccuracy-based with fluency-based practices; contextualising practice; personalising practice; building up confidence; maximising meaningful interactions; helping students develop speaking strategies; making the best use of classroom learning environment to provide sufficient language input and practice for the students.11.Mechanical practice：involves activities that are aimed at form accuracy. By doing mechanical practice, the students pay repeated attention to a key element in a structure. Substitution and transformation drills are most frequently used in mechanical practice.12.Meaningful practice：in meaningful practice, the focus is on the production, comprehension or exchange of meaning though the students 'keep an eye on' the way newly learned structures are used in to process. Meaningful practice usually comes after mechanical practice.13.The deductive method：relies on reasoning, analyzing and comparing. Frist, the teacher writes an example on the board or draws attention to an example in the textbook. Then the teacher explains the underlying rules regarding the forms and positions of certain structural terms. Sometimes,comparisons are made between the native language and the target language or between the newly presented structure and previously learned structure. Finally, the students practice applying the rule to produce sentences with given prompts.14.Guided discovery method：The guided discovery method is similar to the inductive method in that the students are induced to discover rules by themselves but different in that the process of the discovery is carefully guided and assisted by the teacher and the rules are then elicited and taught explicitly. There are two key theoretical issues related to this method: the role of explicit knowledge in language learning and the value of discovery as a general method of learning.15.Knowing a word：Knowing a word means knowing its pronunciation and stress; its spelling and grammatical properties; its meaning; how and when to use it to express the intended meaning.16.Vocabulary consolidation activities：labelling; spot the difference; describe and draw; play a game; use word series; word bingo; word association; find synonyms and antonyms; categories; using word net-work17.Connotative meaning of a word：A connotative meaning ofa word refers to 'the attitudes or emotions of a language user in choosing a word and the influence of these on the listener or reader's interpretation of the word. These would include words that may express a positive or negative attitude or subtle feelings towards something.18.Denotative meaning of a word：Denotative meaning of a word of a lexical item refers to those words that we use to label things as regards real objects, such as a name or a sigh, etc. in the physical world. This is usually the primary meaning of a word and may seem relatively easy to learn.19.Vocabulary learning strategies：review regularly, guess meaning from context, organize vocabulary effectively, usea dictionary, manage strategy use20. Top-down model of listening：In the top-down model, listening for gist and making use of the contextual clues and background knowledge to construct meaning are emphasized.21.Bottom-up model of listening：In the bottom-up model, listening comprehension is believed to start with sound and meaning recognitions. In other word, 'we use information in the speech itself to try to comprehend the meaning'.Listeners construct meaning of what they hear based on the sound they hear. This process of listening expects the listener to have a very effective short-term memory as they have to make sense of every sound in order to figure out the meaning of words, phrases and structures. If there are unfamiliar sounds, listeners will find it very hard to keep up with the speaker.22.Sight vocabulary：Words that one is able to recognise immediately are often referred to as sight vocabulary. In other words, your sight vocabulary will be those words that you can recognise with both sounds and meanings without special effort from your brain.23.Interactive model for teaching reading：24.The transition device：The way to transfer information from one form to another is called a transition device. Some transition devices that are often used in teaching reading are: pictures, drawings, maps, tables, tree diagrams, cyclic diagrams, pie charts, bar charts, flowcharts, chronological sequence, subtitles and notes. Most of the transition devices listed above make use of visual aids so that information in text form is visualized.The purpose of transition device:•Focus attention on the main meaning of the text;•Be able to simplify sophisticated input so that it becomes the basis for output;•Allow students to perform tasks while they are reading;•Highlight the main structural organization of a text/part of a text, and show how the structure relates to meaning; •Involve all the students in clearly defined reading tasks;•Precede one step at a time;•When a TD is completed, use it as a basis for further oral and/or written language practice.25.A communicative approach to writing：It acknowledges that mechanical writing activities do not by themselves motivate students. To motivate students, it is necessary to engage them in some act of communication. This means either writing for a specific recipient, or engaging in an act of creative writing where their work is intended to be read by other people, in other words, an intended audience. In short, students can be motivated by authentic writing tasks that have some communicative elements.26.The process approach to writing：creating a motivation to write, brainstorming, mapping, freewriting, outlining, drafting, editing, revising, proofreading, conferencing。
《英语教学法》复习题
《英语教学法》复习题一、填空题1．The theory of learning is referred to as be haviorism, which has three major stages, “sti mulus, response, and reinforcement”2．The behaviorist theory of language learning is that language is learned by constant repeti tion and the reinforcement of the teacher3．The term cognitivism is often used loosely to describe methods in which students are aske d to think rather than simply repeat.4．There are a variety of elements that contri bute to the qualities of a good language teach er. These elements can be categorized into 3 g roups: ethic devotion, professional qualities and personal styles.5. Three different views on language are the s tructural view, the functional view and the in teractional view.6. Language theories can be divided into two g roups:1)process-oriented theory 2)the conditio n-oriented theory7.The ultimate aim of foreign language teaching is to enable the learners to use the languag e in real life.8.The goal of CLT is to develop students’ com municative competence.municative competence includes knowledge of what to say, when, how, where, and to whom.10.The goal of CLT is to use language for comm unicative purpose11.The adoption of CLT is to develop learners’ language skills, namely, listening, speaking, reading and writing.12.CLT has not replaced the previous approache s or methodologies. It has only expanded the a reas: language content, learning process and l anguage product.13.Littlewood’s classification of communicati ve activities: Functional communicative activi ties and Social interaction activities.14. Language learning and teaching should be as close as possible to language USE IN REAL LIFE.15.Lesson planning should be done at two level s: Macro planning and Micro planning16.The first thing to do in lesson planning is to decide the aims of a lesson.17.The most popular teaching stages are three P’s model, which include: presentation, pract ice and production.18.Lesson planning means making decision in ad vance about what techniques, activities and ma terials used in class.19.There are four major principles behind good lesson planning: variety, flexibility, learna bility, and linkage.20.The aim of a lesson includes language point s to present, communicative skills to practic e, activities to conduct, and materials and te aching aids to be used.21.In the skill-oriented lessons, that is, ina reading or listening lesson, a 3-stage model is frequently adopted: pre-reading/listening, while-- reading/listening and post- reading/l istening.22.5-step model is more familiar to the middle school teachers: revision, presentation, dril l, practice and consolidation.23.Classroom management is the way teachers or ganize what goes on in the classroom.24.An instructor passes on knowledge by variet y of means.An organizer organizes the class so that learning activities can be carried out.25.A linguist named Harmer defined the teacher s’ roles as: controller, assessor, prompter,participant and resource provider.26.Ur reminds us not to hurt the students’ fe elings by: 1) Deal with it quie tly; 2)Don’t t ake things personally; 3)Don’t use threats27.There are many different ways to teach a so und. It’s better to teach from Perception Pra ctice(认知) to Production Practice.28.One way to teach grammar is by 3P Model: Pr esentation,Practice and Production.29.The deductive method relies or reasoning, a nalyzing and comparing.30.In the inductive method, the teacher induce s the learners to realize grammar rules withou t any form of explicit explanation.31.Grammar practice is usually divided into tw o categories, Mechanical practice and Meaningf ul practice.32.By doing mechanical practice, the students pay repeated attention to a key element in a structure. Substitution and transformation dril ls are most frequently used in mechanical prac tice.33.Generally speaking, there are three stages in listening activities for language learners: 1.pre-listening 2.while-listening 3.post-list ening34.We will listen in two different ways: 1.Int ensive listening (for details) 2.Extensive lis tening (for general ideas)35.Listening in real life has the following ch aracteristics: Spontaneity, Listener’s respon se, Speaker’s adjustment, Context and Visual clues.36.Characteristics of successful speaking task s can be: 1.Maximum foreign talk 2.Even partic ipation 3.High motivation 4.Right language lev el37.The process approach focus on what studentsdo before /while /after their writing.38.Not everything can be purely communicative. Some writing activities can be between “writ ing for learning” and “writing for communica tion.39.The process of writing should be from contr olled to guided writing and to free writing40. Teaching reading in the classroom divides reading activities into basically three stages in which bottom-up and top-down techniques ar e integrate to help students in their reading comprehension and in increasing their language efficiency in general另附.Generally, lesson presenting mainly inclu des four aspects: Presenting teaching material s; Presenting teaching methods; Presenting lea rning strategies; Presenting teaching process二、简答题1．Why are people learning English?• They have to pass the examin ations.• They can help foreign visito rs.•It’s necessary if they want to enter university.• Learning a foreign language is an intellectual challenge.• They can use computers more easily.• They need to keep in touch w ith what is going on in their profession world wide.• English will be very importa nt to get a job in trade.• English will be useful for t hem to travel abroad.• They will be able to read an d listen to in English. This can improve their knowledge of the world.2．What is language?Language is a means of communication with othe r people.3．What is the aim or purpose of language teac hing?Communication4．How many language teaching methods or appro aches do you know?l the grammar-translation methodl the direct methodl the audio-lingual methodl the situational language teachingl the cognitive approachl the silent wayl the total physical response methodl the communicative approachl the natural approachl the functional-notional method, etc. 5．How can you become a good language teacher?• Language training: a sound c ommand of English•Learn from others’ experien ce• Learn received knowledge, su ch as language theories, methodology, educatio n, psychology, etc.•Learn from one’s own experi ence• Practice makes perfect• Keep on reflecting on work,etc6．What is the challenge the language teacher is confronted with?People learn a foreign language1. For different reasons2. In different ways3. Having different understanding abou t language learning4. Having different capabilities in la nguage learning5. Different language levelsThus the challenge that the language teacher i s confronted with is how teaching methodology can cater for learners who have more differenc es than commonalities.7．What is the question that all approaches of language teaching should answer?The question is “What is language?”Language is a means of communication with othe r people.8．What are the three different views of langu age that language teaching and learning practi ce have been influenced by?They are the structural view, the functional v iew and the interactional view.9． How does the structural vi ew see language?• The structural view sees lan guage as a linguistic system made up of variou s subsystems. To learn a language means to lea rn these structural items so as to be able to understand and produce language.10．How does the functional view see language?• The functional view sees lan guage as a linguistic system but also as a mea ns for doing things. Learners learn a languagein order to be able to do things with functio nal activities.11．How does the interactional view see langua ge• The interactional view consi ders language as a communicative tool, whose m ain use is to build up and maintain social rel ations between people. The learner has to stud y the patterns and rules of language above the sentence level to learn how language is used in different speech context.12． What are Process-oriented theories concerned with?How the mind processes new information13． What do Condition-oriented theories emphasize?The nature of the human and physical context i n which language learning takes place14．What is “pseudo practice”?It is a short period of time assigned for stud ent teachers to do teaching practice as part o f their education, usually under the supervisi on of their instructors.15． What does linguistic competence mea n?Competence simply means knowledge of the langu age system: grammatical knowledge in other wor ds.16． What does Communicative Competence mean?Not only the form of language, but also what t o say to whom and how to say it appropriately in any given situation. To be short, communica tive competence includes knowledge of what to say, when, how, where, and to whom.17． What is lesson planning?Lesson planning means making decisions in advance about what techniques, activities and mate rials will be used in the class.18． In how many ways do language teache rs benefit from proper lesson planning?l Make the teacher aware of the aims a nd language contents of the lessonl Help the teacher to distinguish the various stages of a lesson and to see the rela tionship between theml Think about how the students can be fully engaged in the lessonl Become aware of the teaching aids th at are neededl Think about the relative value of di fferent activitiesl Think about how much time should be spent on the activitiesl Judge lesson stages and phases withgreater accuracyl Help to continue improvementl Add an evaluation to the planl Provide a useful, time-saving refere nce when the teacher next plans the same lesso n19． What factors influence a lesson?l 1.Physical conditions:l Class size: affects types of activit iesl Length of a lesson: determine how mu ch can be taughtl Size of classroom: restricts some ty pes of activitiesl Teaching aids: sufficient or notl Time of day: influences the types of activities used (p.m. or a.m.)l 2.Human factors:l different personalities of teachers decide different styles of teachingl varied needs and attitudes of studen tsl the students’ language levell the students’ learning backgroundl 3.Change (of )l The syllabusl Textbooksl The teaching system: meets the needs of the institutions and examinations20． What are the principles for good le sson planning?1)variety2）flexibility3）learnability4）linkage21． What does macro planning involve?Macro planning involves the following:a) Knowing about the courseb) Knowing about the institutionsc) Knowing about learnersd) Knowing about syllabus22． What does a lesson plan include?At least, it may have the following component s:l Teaching aimsl Language contents and skillsl Teaching stages and procedures23． What does the teaching aim of a les son include?l what language components to presentl what communicative skills to practic el what activities to conductl what materials to be usedl what teaching aids to be used24． What do language contents mean and what do language skills mean?l The former means: structures, gramma r, functions, topics and so onl The latter means: 4 communicative sk ills25． What is the difference between teac hing stages and teaching procedures?l Teaching stages are the major steps that language teachers go through in the class room. Procedures are the detailed steps in each teaching stage.26． What does a teacher need to conside r when he/she has planned to present a new str ucture?l When to focus on the structure and w hen to study it in context;l Whether to present the structure ora lly or in written form;l When to give out information and whe n to elicit from students;l When and how to use visual aids to h elp with the presentation;l What to do if students fail to under stand.27． How can we manage a classroom effic iently?Only when three conditions are metl The teacher plays appropriate roles.l The students are grouped in a way su itable for the learning activities.l There is discipline and harmony in t he class.28． What factors may influence classroo m management?At least, the following factors are very impor tant for a classroom management:l People: the relationship between the teacher and the studentsl Language: what you expect them to do (understanding and encouraging students)l Environment: classroom, the position ing of the desks and the position of the teach erl Organization: good lesson plan, clea r learning objectives, variety in activities…l Tools: textbook, Ex-book, video-reco rder, a slide projector…29． What are the most common student gr ouping?l Lockstep/class/plenary, team work, g roup work, pair work, individual study30． How can we group the students?Some possible ways to group the students:l Group the students according to seat ing arrangement;l Students select their own group memb ers (risky);l Strong students and weak students ar e mixed together;l Strong students and weak students ar e grouped separately to do different tasks;l Group the students by drawing lots.31． What should be our realistic goals for teaching pronunciation?l Consistency: the pronunciation shoul d be smooth and natural.l Intelligibility: the pronunciation s hould be understandable to the listeners.l Communicative efficiency: the pronun ciation should help to convey the meaning that is intended by the speaker.32． What are the purposes of listening?1.Extract information from news, lectures, and instructions…2.Maintain social relations: Greetings, prais e, talk, gossip, chat…3.Be entertained: film, a joke, poem, and TV/r adio programs…33． How to speak oral English well?1.Listen to native speakers, talk about variou s topics .2.Learn useful idioms.3.Learn common words and phrases.4.Test your vocabulary skills in everyday Engl ish.5.Practice responding, in English, to real-life conversations.6.Listen to native speakers and give responses34． What are the factors that affect th e success of role-play ?1. the teacher’ enthusiasm2. careful instruction3. clear situation and roles4.making sure the students have the language t hey will need to carry out the role-play.35． Why do we read?1.survival, e.g. the label on a medicine bottl e.2.learning and information, e.g. newspapers, m agazines, books.3.entertainment or pleasure, e.g. novels, stor ies, poems as a leisure.36． What strategic skills do students n eed in order to make reading more efficien t?1.Skimming for main idea2.Scanning for specific information3.Inferring the meaning of unknown elements:lexical itemsattitude and opinionthe purpose of an articlerelevant information4.Recognizing rhetorical structure:chronological ordercomparison and contrastcause and effectreference指代5. Predicting: guessing what is coming next6. Distinguishing the main idea from supporting details37． Why do we write in English?l ExaminationWriting in English enables us to pass examinat ionsl CommunicationWriting in English is necessary in communicating with others.l EntertainmentWriting in English can be entertaining for us.38． What are the features of process wr iting(1) Focus on the process of writing that leads to the final written product.(2) Help students write to understand their ow n composing process.(3) Help them to build repertoires of strategi es for prewriting, drafting and rewriting.(4) Give students time to write and rewrite.(5) Please central importance on the process of revision.(6) Let students discover what they want to sa y as they write.(7) Give students feedback through out the com posing process (not just on the final product)to consider as they attempt to bring their ex pression closer and closer to intention.(8)Encourage feedback both from the instructor and peers.(9) Include individual conferences between tea cher and students during the process of compos ition.39． What can we benefit from communicat ive activities?• improve motivation (reason)•provide “who le-task practic e”• allow natural learning• create a context which suppo rts learning•三、判断正误1．A PERSON WHO HAS A GOOD COMMAND OF ENGLISH is not necessarily a good teacher because he/s he might have only one of the elements of prof essional competence.2．CLT has not replaced the previous approache s or methodologies.3．Communicative activities will help learners to develop their communicative competence.4． Proper lesson planning is essential for both novice and experienced teac hers.5． Unprepared teachers receiv e much less trust and cooperation from the stu dents.6． There are principles but n o standard way to plan lessons.7． Macro planning provides ge neral guidance for language teachers.8． Teaching stages are the major steps that language teachers go through in the classroom. Procedures are the detailed st eps in each teaching stage.9． Individual study is the st age during the class where the students are le ft to work on their own speed.10． Individualized learning is that the learners are given a measure of freedom to cho ose how and what they learn at any particular time.11． Punishment can never be our first c hoice to deal with bad-behaved students.12． Students need to be able to read an d write phonetic transcripts of words, in orde r to learn English.13． Poor pronunciation may cause proble ms for the learning of other skills.14． Stress and intonation are not impor tant for beginning learners15． Stress in pronunciation is sometime s as important as grammar16． Teachers should not encourage stude nts to improve their pronunciation as much as possible.17． The goal of English learning is pro bably to acquire near-native pronunciation.18． If the intonation is not appropriat e, it may convey the opposite meaning.19． Children do not learn grammar rules when they acquire their 1st language, so they don’t need them either when learning a foreig n language.20． Students need to be given detailed grammar rules if they want to learn a foreign language successfully.21． Teaching and learning grammar shoul d focus on practice rather than the study of g rammar itself.22．Knowing grammar isn’t enough for r eal communication.23． Grammar should be taught and prac ticed in context.24． The more language the learners ar e exposed to or produce, the more they are lik ely to learn.25． Practice should be able to elicit different sentences and generate different lev els of answers from different learners.26． Avoid different grammatical termi nology as much as possible.27． Do not be frustrated by the stude nts’ mistakes and errors, which are inevitabl e in language learning.28．It is students’ own business to recite the words and phrases.29． Language consist of word with equivalents from one language to another30． Vocabulary cannot be taught, it mus t be learned by the individuals.31． The best way to explain vocabulary is to translate.32． Words can be taught and learned mos t effectively in groups of words which are rel ated to each other in meaning.33． Words must be learned in language contexts34． Not all words are equally importa nt35． If writing tasks focus on the produ ct rather than on the process, they do not hel p students to develop real writing skills.36． It is helpful use a dictionary to find the meaning of all new word37． Reading has only one purpose. i.e.to get information.38． When reading in a foreign language, we mentally translate everything in order to u nderstand.39． The lack of cultural knowledge may affect the rate of reading comprehension40． Teachers should help the students t o read on their own四、案例分析（例）1．Two teachers presented the word “grumble”. Below are the descriptions of how they did i t. Which way is more effective. Try to give re asons for your decision.Teacher A: a) wrote “grumble” on the blackbo ardb) Said “complain about some one or something in an annoyed way”.c) Translated the word into t he student s’ native language.d) Gave more example sentence s for the students to translate into their nat ive language.Teacher B: said “some people grumble about ev erything. For example, they grumble about the weather. If it is sunny, they say it is too ho t. If it is cool, they say it is too cold. The y are never happy with the weather”. They alw ays grumble about the weather. Then the teache r set out to check the student’s understandin g by asking what does ‘grumble’ mean?”2．Read through the following writing activiti es and decide which activities are writing for consolidating language, and which are writing for communication. Try to give reasons for yo ur decision.Activity 1Join the pairs of sentences, using when/whe re. Example:Kentucky is the state. Lincoln was born there.Kentucky is the state where Lincoln was born.• This book is about the time. Lincoln was President then.• The school is still standin g. Lincoln learnt to read and write there.• There were many poor people in the town. Lincoln grew up there.• Lincoln had very little free time. He could study then.Activity 1 is obviously “writing for consolid ating language”.Activity 2Letter WritingDo you think any of the courses (math, physic s, English, history, etc.) you are talking now can be improved in some way. If yes, write a short letter to the teacher and present your s uggestions.Activity 2 can involve true communication五、教学活动设计（例）1．How do we evaluate whether language teachin g activities are communicative or not?Ellis has listed six criteria for evaluating：• communicative classroom acti vities:• communicative purpose: infor mation gap• communicative desire: a real need• content, not form: on what, not how• variety of language: not jus t one specific language form• no teacher intervention: for the purpose of communication, not for the acc uracy of language• no material control: S s’ ch oiceDesign an activity that may meet some of the c riteria. The activity may only include the dir ections, contents and procedures2. Suppose you are going to teach the structure “used to do” in a deductive method. How wo uld you do it? Design a mini lesson plan in wh ich only the teaching steps must be made clear.3. What techniques or combination of technique s you would use to present the following vocab ulary items. Design a mini lesson plan in whic h only the teaching steps must be made clear.two million a reward love fight4. Use transition devices to design a while-re ading activity for the following text.Rosa Morello is from Columbia in South Americ a. She is a student. She has come to London to study English. Rosa is eighteen years old and single. She has dark hair; dark brown eyes an d is 1.65 m tall. She likes pop music, dancin g, reading and good food. She is also interest ed in travel and languages. In London, Rosa lives in a small flat with her friend Linda Morr is. The flat is in north London.六、教案撰写（略）。
英语教育专业教学法期末复习内容(1)
一.教学法流派：1）直接法：对待学生错误的态度:the direct method ,Errors are regarded natural and avoidable and can be self-collected.2）听说法：对待学生错误的态度；audio-lingual methodErrors should be corrected once discovered or spotted.全身反应法的定义The teacher gives the instruction and the students do the action as asked.With TPR the children listen to their teacher telling them what to do and then do it认知法的特征：主张创造性学习和对规则的学习；Rules learning and creative learning are very important .3）自然途径：克拉申，输入理论；情感过滤假设：内在动机，外在动机，工具性动机，综合性动机；情感因素The Natural ApproachA.Krashen’s five theories1. Learning and acquisition theoryLearning is a conscious process while acquisition is a subconscious process.2. Input theory△Input should be comprehensible△Ideal input should meet the 4 requirements: comprehensible, relevant and interesting, adequate, notgrammatically sequenced.△i+1 formula: I stands for the learner’s present language level. The input should be a little beyond the learner’s present language level.3.The affective filter hypothesisAffective factors such as interest, motivation, attitude, anxiety, self-image,self-concept, self-esteem and so on affect the result of language learning like a filter. When the motivation is strong, the filtering effect is weak, the learning result will be better; when the anxiety and self-esteem are strong, then the filter effect will be strong too, and the learning result will be worse.Input-filter-LAD-practice-acquired ability4.Kinds of motivation:integrative motivation:indicates an interest in learning the language to meet and communicate with members of the second language community.instrumental motivation: refers to the practical and pragmatic one of learning the second language. Nowadays in China it is instrumental motivation that plays a major part.intrinsic motivation : has something to do with one’s real need extrinsic motivation.:is connected with external stimuli,including something like achievement, parents and teacher’s expectation and so on.5.Affective Factors--- motivation, self-confidence, self-esteem, anxiety, attitude interestCognitive Factors--- intelligence, aptitude sex age pesonality 6.交际法：交际教学的三个特征；Three feature of CLT（communicative approach are rmation gap. 2.feedback 3.choice.4.交际法的教学目标；the purpose of CLT is to develop student’s ability to use target language appropriately in a given social context.4）哪些活动属于交际性活动，哪些属于前交际活动；哪些属于机械性活动；Communicative activities: 1.problem-solving 2. discussion 3.debates 4.interview 5.fluency-focused games 6.ninformation gap activityPre-communicative activity:1. reading aloud 2.read after 3.immititation 4.pattern drill 5.transformation drill substitution drill (机械性活动)机械性活动属于前交际性活动，而前交际性活动属于非交际性活动。
英语教学法(1)教材复习提要
5109英语教学法（1）试题复习提要教材《英语教学法》（1）（开卷）I: Basic Theories and Principles:Unit 1 Introduction1.The Grammar-Translation Method2.syllabus be organizition ?3.Functional-Notional Approach4.characteristic of acquisition5.Behaviorism6.The Humanist Approach?7.Audio-lingual Method8.Direct method9.What does TPR stand for?10.L inguistic competence ，Communicative competence，Discoursecompetence11.t he description of a function12.d ifferent types of syllabus13.W hat is “Needs Analysis”?14.S tage of course designUnit 2 the Communicative Approach重点单元15.T he basic characteristics of Communicative Approach16.d ifference between oral and written communication17.c ommunicative language teaching18.r oles of teachers19.c ommunicative activitiesUnit 3 Focus on Reading20.m ajor reading strategies: skimming, scanning, inferring21.t hree stages of teaching reading: pre-reading, while-reading,post-reading22.t he top-down approach of reading , The bottom-up approach ofreading, The interactive approach of readingUnit 4 Focus on Listening23.T he major listening skillsListening for gist, listening for specific information, listening for detailed information, inferring, note-taking24.T ree stages of teaching listening: pre-listening, while-listening,post-listeningUnit 5 Focus on Speaking25.Speaking syllabus26.The PPP model27.conversational technique28.features of spoken English29.designing a speaking activityAppendix: Focus on Pronunciation30. liaison in pronunciation, articulation, stress ,rhythm30.e rror tolerationII: Lesson Plan重点复习《英语教学法》（2）Unit 9 Lesson Planning，也请参考相应章节的具体教学法，如设计阅读课程参考阅读的教学法。
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英语教学法复习资料一、术语翻译1. 语音学：Phonetics2. 目的语：target language3. 教学路子/途径：Teaching approach4. 交际途径：The Communicative Approach5.语言习得机制：language acquisition device6.习得：Acquisition7. 转化生成语法：transformational generative grammar8. 交际年能力：Communicative competence9. 信息处理：information processing10. 语法翻译法：The Grammar-Translation Method11. 认知法：Cognitive approach12.语言习得：language acquisition13. 个性差异：Individual difference14.听说法：The Audiolingual Method15英语教学：TESL 10. 句型操练：Pattern drill16. 语法分析：grammatical analysis17发现学习法：Discovery learning二、单项选择题1.Which of the following activities involves writing? ___A___A. Labeling pictures.B. Matching pictures with labels.C. Dramatization.D. Role play.2. Which of the following belongs to the communicative approach?（B ）A. focus on accuracyB. focus on fluencyC. focus on strategies3.What’s the teacher doing by saying “Now you are going to do this in pairs.” ? ___C___A. Checking understanding.B. Giving prompt.C. Setting tasks.D. Getting feedback.4. What syllabus does the following present? （C ）Unit 1 Self-introductionUnit 2 GreetingsUnit 3 Asking the wayUnit 4 Making apologiesUnit 5 InvitingUnit 6 Extending thanksA. structural syllabusB. topic syllabusC. functional syllabus5. Which of the following emphasizes meaningfulness principle? （C ）A. TPRB. Audio-Lingual MethodC. Communicative Approach6.In which of the following activities does the teacher play the role of prompter? _D_____A. Give suggestions during an activity.B. Read out the new words to the students.C. Take part in the pupils’ conversation.D. Encourage students to go on with their talk.7. Which of the following is most suitable for the cultivation of linguistic competence? （A ）A. sentence-makingB. cue-card dialogueC. simulated dialogue8. Which of the following activities is most likely interactive? （B ）A. mimickingB. role playC. problem solving9.What is the teaching doing in the following part of instruction? __D____T: All right, I think it is the time.A: Introducing the activity.B. Giving a start.C. Checking understanding.D. Concluding an activity.10. Which of the following activities is communicative? （ A ）A. jigsaw listeningB. sentence makingC. drilling exercises11. Which of the following activities can be adopted at the pre-reading stage? （B ）A. re-arranging the materialsB. brainstorming the topicC. writing a summary of the text12.What kind of classroom arrangement is most suitable for the following activities?____B___The teacher asks the pupils to discuss what they are going to do at the weekend.A.Pair work.B.Group workC.Whole-class workD. Individual work13. In which of the following does the teacher assume the role of prompter? （C ）A. organize students to discuss on the InternetB. walk around while the students are discussing on the InternetC. give encouragement and suggestions to smooth the discussion14. Which of the following is characteristic of acquisition? （C ）A. form-focusedB. accuracy-orientedC. meaning-focused15.What is the teacher doing in terms of error correction? __A____S: I seed a very good film on TV yesterday.T: You SAW a very good film yesterday?A.Helping correct the mistake.B.Giving a hint that the student has used the wrong tense.C. Asking the student to correct the mistake himself.G.Asking the student whether he really saw the film.三、判断题（F ）1、阅读教学的最终目的是培养学生的朗读能力。
（F）2、在西欧，十九世纪末到二十世纪四十年代的外语教学，翻译法占统治地( T ) 3、直接法要求直接用外语思维，强调模仿和感知是外语教学的基础。
外语学习主要靠机械模仿句子。
（T ）4、及时复习巩固英语词汇是防止或减少遗忘的好方法。
（F ）5、当代外语教学法发展的趋势表明，教学法的研究重心正从“怎样学”向“怎样教”转移。
（F ）6、外语教学法的各种流派的方法体系都有各自相对的优点和缺点。
我们只要采取一种流派的方法就是外语教学的最佳方法。
( F ) 7、外语教学法的各种流派的方法体系都有各自相对的优点和缺点。
我们只要采取一种流派的方法就是外语教学的最佳方法。
( T ) 8、课堂教学的分析和评估有助于教师了解自己上课的效果，发现优缺点，总结经验和教训，也有助于教师明确原定课时教案之所以能实现或不能实现的原因。
（T ）9、.课堂教学的分析和评估有助于教师了解自己上课的效果，发现优缺点，总结经验和教训，也有助于教师明确原定课时教案之所以能实现或不能实现的原因。
（T ）10、及时复习巩固英语词汇是防止或减少遗忘的好方法。
（F ）11、外语教学问题单纯是教学方法的问题，只要找到理想的方法，外语教学的问题就可迎刃而解。
（T ）12、中学英语教学法是一门综合性的应用科学和实践性很强的学科。
（F ）13、一次测试的平均分约为75，说明这次测试的信度是不可取的。
（T ）14、中学英语教学法是一门综合性的应用科学和实践性很强的学科。
（F ）15、外语教学问题单纯是教学方法的问题，只要找到理想的方法，外语教学的问题就可迎刃而解。
（F）16、一次测试的信度系数约为0.75，说明这次测试的信度是不可取的。
（T ）17、直接法要求直接用外语思维，强调模仿和感知是外语教学的基础。
外语学习主要靠机械模仿句子。
（F ）18、当代外语教学法发展的趋势表明，教学法的研究重心正从“怎样学”向“怎样教”转移。
（F ）19、阅读教学的最终目的是培养学生的朗读能力。
（F ）20、在西欧，十九世纪末到二十世纪四十年代的外语教学，翻译法占统治地位。
四．名词解释1.水平测试-----水平测试的目的在于检查应试者的英语熟练程度是否达到进行某种活动应有的要求，如出国留学、专业培训等。
美国的TOEFL考试就属于这一类型。
2.整体教学：整体教学就是把一篇课文作为整体来教。
它注重理解课文的思想内容。
它把传授语言知识和利用课文进行技能训练这两方面放在同等重要的地位，即它利用技能训练的各种方式增加语言知识的复现率，同时，在逐步掌握语言知识的过程中，提高技能训练的熟练程度和水平，从而做到教词不离句，教句不离篇，保证课文的连贯性、趣味性和逻辑性。