American Literature 美国文学汇总
美国文学各时期
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1文档来源为:从网络收集整理.word版本可编辑. 1.Early Colonial Literature. 1607-1700
2.The literature of Reason And Revolution(18th century)
The 18th-century American Enlightenment was a movement marked by
an emphasis on rationality rather than tradition, scientific inquiry instead
of unquestioning religious dogma, and representative government in
place of monarchy. Enlightenment thinkers and writers were devoted to
the ideals of justice, liberty, and equality as the natural rights of man.
3. American Romanticism
Features:
1)From the end of the 18th century to the outbreak of he Civil War. It
started with the publication of Washington Irving’s The Sketch Book and
ended with Whitman’s Leaves of Grass. It is also called “the American
Renaissance”.
2)The desire for an escape from society and a return to nature became a
美国文学史 作者作品完整版
1.
The first permanent English settlement in North America was established at Jamestown, Virginia
in 1607.
2.Benjamin Franklin (1706-1790)
❖ One of the Founding Fathers of the United States.
❖ Franklin was a leading author and printer, political theorist, politician, postmaster,
scientist, inventor, satirist, civic activist
❖ Franklin gained international renown as a scientist for his famous experiments in
electricity.
❖ In the words of historian Henry Steele Commager, "In a Franklin could be merged the
virtues of Puritanism without its defects, the illumination of the Enlightenment without its
heat.”
❖ To Walter Isaacson, this makes Franklin "the most accomplished American of his age and
the most influential in inventing the type of society America would become."
❖ Nathanial Hawthorne remarked that Franklin’s axioms “teach men but a very small
美国文学1
1.约翰·史密斯（探险家）
约翰·史密斯上校（1580.1-1631.6.21），新英格兰的舰队司令，是英国军人，探险家和作家。他因在北美弗吉尼亚州建立了英国第一个永久殖民地詹姆斯敦而扬名天下。
作品
A True Relation of Such Occurrences and Accidents of Note as Hath Happened in Virginia Since the
First Planting of That Colony (1608)
A Map of Virginia: with a Description of the Country (1612)
The Proceedings of the English Colony in Virginia (1612)
A Description of New England (1616)
New England's Trials (1620, 1622)
The Generall Historie of Virginia, New-England, and the Summer Isles (1624)
An Accidence, or the Pathway to Experience Necessary for all Young Seamen (1626)
A Sea Grammar (1627) – the first sailors' word book in English
The True Travels, Adventures and Observations of Captain John Smith (1630)
Advertisements for the Unexperienced Planters of New England, or Anywhere (1631)
2.威廉·布拉德福德（William Bradford，1590年-1657年）
美国文学整理
1 1
introduction
The periods of American literature
1.The colonial period (约1607 - 1765)
The main features
Puritanism
2.The period of Enlightenment and the Independence War (1765 -1800)
Benjamin Franklin
3.The romantic period (1800 - 1865)
(1)The early romanticism -------------------------Washington Irving James Fenimore Cooper
(2)“New England Transcendentalism” or “American Renaissance (1836 - 1855)”-----------Emerson
Thoreau Whitman Dickinson Hawthorne Melville Allan Poe
4.The realistic period (1865 - 1914)
(1)Midwestern Realism --------------William Dean Howells
(2)Cosmopolitan Novelist--------------Henry James
(3)Local Colorism-------------Mark Twain
(4)Naturalism-------------Stephen Crane Jack London Theodore Dreise
5.The period of modernism (1914 - 1945)
(1)Modern poetry: experiments in form (Imagism)----Ezra Pound T.S.Eliot Robert Frost
美国文学下考点总结
Edwin Arlington Robinson: Richard Cory and Miniver Cheevy, Eros Turannos two of Tilbury Town’s most famous inhabitants, are keenly observed human beings, full of contradictions, living lives of quiet desperation．best American poet bet Whitman ＆ Dickinson，the ascendancy of Frost, Pound, and William Carlos Williams．Characteristics: In technique Robinson is a
traditionalist whose tightly structured verse may, on first inspection, appear to be simple. But it’s
not as simple as it appears. If Robinson is traditional in style, he is daringly realistic in his subject matter. Most of his poems attempt to tell the “truth” about Tilbury Town. To a Realist like
Robinson, that truth includes not only love and tranquility, but also sadness, tragedy, frustration, and waste. The particular flavor of Robinson’s best poems springs from his mixture of realism
(完整word版)英语专业美国文学复习资料。
1. The History of American literature
The literature of Colonial American (1607-1765)
The literature of Reason and Revolution(1765—18世纪末）
The literature of Romanticism（1800—1865）
The literature of Realism（1865—1918）
The literature of Modernism（1918－1945）
The contemporary literature (1945－Now)
2.Benjamin Franklin The Autobiography
That good fortune, when I reflected on it, which is frequently the case, has induced me
something to say that were it left to my choice, I should have no objection to go over the same
life from its beginning to the end, only asking the advantage authors have of correcting in a
second edition some faults of the first.
3.Thomas Jefferson The Declaration of Independence
We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed
美国文学史作者作品
(1) Captain John Smith: the first American writer A Description of New England 《新英格兰叙事》
(2) William Bradford 布拉德福德: Of Plymouth Plantation Records 《普利茅斯种植园史》
(3) John Winthrop 温斯罗普: A Model of Christian Charity 《基督慈善的模式》
(4) Anne Bradstreet(安妮·布拉德斯特里特):Contemplations《沉思录》In Reference to Her Children写给她的孩子 Upon the Burning of Our House家居被焚之后 The Flesh and the Spirit 灵魂与肉体 To
My Dear and Loving Husband 给我挚爱的丈夫An Weary Pilgrim疲倦的朝圣者The Tenth Muse Lately
Sprung Up in America《最近在北美出现的第十位缪斯》
5) Edward Taylor 泰勒: poem ―Huswifery‖《家务》Upon a Spider Catching a Fly蜘蛛捕捉苍蝇之遐想
6）Roger Williams:异教徒―The Bloody Tenet of Persecution for the Cause of Conscience‖《血腥的迫害教义》
（7）John Woolman(伍尔夫): Some Considerations on the Keeping of Negroes 《蓄奴的思索》 A
Plea for the Poor《为穷人请愿》 Journal《日记》: recording his spiritual experiences of inward
美国文学参考书目和必读书目
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源-于-网-络-收-集 《美国文学》参考书目
1. A. T. Rubinstein, American Literature root and Flower, Beijing: Foreign
Language Teaching and Research Press, 1998.
2. E. B. Booz, A Brief Introduction To Modern American Literature, Shanghai:
Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press, 1982.
3. M. H. Abrams, A glossary of Literary Terms, Foreign language Teaching and
Research Press, 2004.
4. Peter B. High. An Outline of American Literature，London and New York: Longman
Press, 1996.
5. William H. Crawshaw. The Norton Anthology of American Literature. London
and New York: W.W.Norton &Company Ltd., 1994.
6. 程爱民：《美国文学阅读教程》，南京师大出版社，1999年。
7. 陈 新：《英美名家短篇小说精品赏析》（上、下），中国对对外翻译出版社，1999年。
8. 范革新：《美国短篇小说赏析》，新华出版社，2006年。
9. 桂扬清等：《英美文学选读》，中国对对外翻译出版社，1985年。
10.姜 涛：《美国诗歌赏析》，新华出版社，2006年。
11.刘洊波；《英美文学史及作品选读》（美国部分），高等教育出版社，2001年。
美国文学英文 整理版
A卷
Walt Whitman
The first edition of Leaves of Grass was published in 1855.
In this giant work, openness, freedom, and above all, individualism are all that
concerned him.
What he prefers for his new subject and new poetic feelings is “free verse”自由诗体, that
is , poetry without a fixed beat or regular rhyme scheme.
The poet’s essential purpose was to identify his ego with the world, and more specifically
with the democratic “en-masse”同一地 of America, which is established in the opening
lines of “Song of Myself”.
Writing features of Whitman
1. A singer for the ideals of equality , democracy and human dignity.
2. Songs for himself, for the labour of common American people, natural creation,
the independence of the country, love and friendship, and for the memorizing of
President Lincoln.
3. Free verse, rhythmical unit, phonetic recurrence.
美国文学史_作者 作品
美国文学史_作者 作品
Part 1. Colonial America(1607-1800)
John Smith(158-1631)约翰斯密斯 The General History of Virginia弗吉尼亚通史, A Description of New England新
英格兰概览
William Bradford(1590-1657)威廉布Of Plymouth Plantation普利茅斯拓荒记
莱德福
John Winthrop(1588-1649)约翰温斯A Model of Christian Charity基督徒慈善的典范
洛普
Anne Bradstreet(1612-1672) “Contemplations”, “Upon the Burning of
Our House”,” To My Dear and Loving
Husband”, In Reference to Her Children”,” The Flesh and The
Spirit” As Weary
Pilgrim”
Edward Taylor(1642-1729)爱德华泰“Huswifery”, “Upon a Spider
Catching a Fly”
勒
Roger Williams(1603-1683)罗杰威廉The Bloody Tenet of Persecution for
the Cause of Conscience
斯 John Woolman(1720-1772) “Some Considerations on the Keeping of
Negroes”, A Plea for the Poor” Thomas Paine(1737-1809) The Case of the
Officers of Excise税务员问题;Common Sense常识;American