词汇与语法1
题目1Not until 1868 ______ made the capital of the state of Georgia.
选择一项：
a. when was Atlanta
b. when Atlanta was
c. Atlanta was
d. was Atlanta
正确答案是：was Atlanta
题目2Grace advised us to withdraw ________.
选择一项：
a. as not to get involved
b. so as not to get involved
c. so as to get not involved
d. as to not get involved
正确答案是：so as not to get involved
题目3
At that moment she was standing a few meters away from __________ we are now. 选择一项：
a. what
b. there
c. which
d. where
正确答案是：where
题目4They had to put the meeting off ________ so many people didn't show up.
选择一项：
a. since
b. though
c. unless
d. for fear that
正确答案是：since
题目5At the end of 2004, there were around 6,000 foreign printing companies in China, ______ up around 4 percent of national total.
选择一项：
a. made
b. having made
c. making
d. to make
正确答案是：making
题目6No sooner had the train started ________ Mrs. Johnson said that she had forgot her handbag.
选择一项：
a. when
b. than
c. then
d. that
正确答案是：than
题目7Scarcely had the car stopped ________ the cell phone began to ring.
选择一项：
a. after
b. than
c. when
d. before
正确答案是：when
题目8Only under special circumstances ________ to take make-up tests.
选择一项：
a. are permitted freshmen
b. freshmen are permitted
c. are freshman permitted
d. permitted are freshmen
正确答案是：are freshman permitted
题目9He didn't want ________ his mother because she had sacrificed so much for him.选择一项：
a. failing for
b. failing
c. to fail
d. to fail for
正确答案是：to fail
题目10Surfing the web can be ________ watching football games.
选择一项：
a. as enjoyable
b. to enjoyable
c. as enjoyable as
d. enjoyable
题目11It is generally considered unwise to give a child _______ he or she wants.
选择一项：
a. whichever
b. whenever
c. however
d. whatever
正确答案是：whatever
题目12This couple has two daughters, _________ of whom is working in the U. S.
选择一项：
a. a younger
b. the younger
c. the youngest
d. the young
正确答案是：the younger
题目13Some people waste a lot of food _______ others in the world haven't enough to eat.
选择一项：
a. after
b. when
c. as
d. while
正确答案是：while
题目14Of the two houses the family prefers _________.
选择一项：
a. the much isolated one
b. the one isolated more
c. the most isolated one
d. the more isolated one
正确答案是：the more isolated one
题目15________ I remember, his writings always had the same meticulous descriptive quality.选择一项：
a. So far as
b. As long as
c. In order that
d. According to
正确答案是：So far as
题目16Are you certain that this is _____ in his letter？
选择一项：
a. grandfather has expressed
b. which grandfather has expressed
c. what grandfather has expressed
d. grandfather expressed
正确答案是：what grandfather has expressed
题目17You must speak slowly, so that you can make yourself ________.
选择一项：
a. being understood
b. understood
c. to be understood
d. understanding
正确答案是：understood
题目18The uniform makes us look like a bunch of clones, especially _______ we are doing morning exercise in the
选择一项：
a. since
b. as
c. which
d. when
正确答案是：when
题目19Rod is determined to get a seat for the concert ______ it means standing in a queue all night.
选择一项：
a. whatever
b. as if
c. even if
d. provided
正确答案是：even if
题目20- It is said that you've moved to your new campus. Do you have a big library?- No, we don't. At least ______ yours.
选择一项：
a. as big as
b. not smaller than
c. bigger than
d. not bigger than
题目21You should give the application to the man ______ at that chair.
选择一项：
a. sits
b. sitting
c. sat
d. to sit
正确答案是：sitting
题目22Helen Keller lost both her sight and hearing after a severe illness ________.选择一项：
a. of her age in 19 months old
b. she was 19 months old
c. when she was 19 months old
d. when 19 months old she was
正确答案是：when she was 19 months old
题目23________ difficult the situation was, we managed to survive.
选择一项：
a. What
b. When
c. However
d. How
正确答案是：However
题目24I'm going to have a rest and _______.
选择一项：
a. so goes David
b. so has David
c. so does David
d. so is David
题目25The hurricane left, _______ the ruins to this
选择一项：
a. to leave
b. leaving
d. to be left
正确答案是：leaving
中考词汇专项训练150道语法填空版(无答案)
中考词汇应用专项练习 1.I can’t remember allthesegreat(explore)names. 2.Allthoseforeign (thief) have beencaught. 3.IsAustraliathe (three) largest island country in theworld? 4.Look, our dog Collyis lying(comfort) on thegrass, (enjoy) its sunbath. 5.What a (please) it is for me to play the piano withyou! 6.There are a lot of differences betweenJohnand ( I.) 7.Here issomedelicious (orange ) for you. 8.It is (pain) to get aninjection. 9.Mother asked the Greenstohelp (they) to somepears. 10.A fewbig eggs (lay) by these ducks lastnight. 11.Theporridgesmells (terrible). 12.Hefelt (true) sorry for what he said. 13.Our (know) of the universe is growing all thetime, 14.Thewindow (break) by Jim yesterday has beenmended. 15.There isadog (lie) on the floor. 16.Please turn left atthesecond (cross). 17.(wool) sports sweaters are popular among young people. 18.Here (be) some good news foryou. 19.He went to schoolearlyas (usual). 20.How (live)the student is! 21.I want to learn howtoeat (health). 22.Do you know the girl? She is a friendofmy (sister). 23.Theteacher looked (angry) at me thanbefore. 24.MrWang taught (he) English last year and now he was good atit. 25.The coatsare those (visit). 26.Viviansingseven (badly) thanbefore. 27.Workmust come (one). 28..She looked atmein (surprised). 29. (clean) work is to sweep the road. 30 . She spent as much time asshecould (read) this bookyesterday. 31.Eight (forty) is onefifth. 32.Idon’tlike(rain)seasons. 33.Thereare (two) as many books in the reading-room as in thatone. 34.Heprefers (read)ratherthan (watch)TV. 35.The studentsreallyenjoyed (work) on thefarm. 36.We wear glasses to keep oureyes (safely). 37.Theshop sells (woman)hats. 38.The inventorhasmany (invent). 39.Heseemed (happily) because he failed hisexam. 40.They have lived herealltheir (life). 41.The wind often blows strongly in springinthe (north) part ofChina. 42.Mike thought hard, buthecould (hard) remember what he did last week.
词汇与语法
Word List (单词表) message n. 要旨，要点 tricky adj. (工作、问题等)微妙的，棘手的;(人)狡猾的beginning n. 开始;起初 semester n. (尤指美国大专院校的)学期m cover v. 处理 duty n. 任务 management n. 管理 number one adj. 最重要的;头号的 seriously adv. 真心地，当真地;认真地，严肃地 once conj. 一旦……(就……) weekly adj. 每周一次的 follow v. 遵照;沿用 following adj. 紧接着的 realistic adj. 现实可行的 essay n. 作文;短文 quiz n. 考查;测验 upset v. 打乱(计划等);打翻 ability n. 能力;才智
grade n. (考试或作业的)分数 achieve v. 获得 flexible adj. 灵活的 re-plan v. 重新计划 basis n. 基础;根据 project n. 课题;科研项目 mid-term adj. 期中的 solid adj. 扎实的 schedule n. 计划表 alive adj. 起作用的;现存的;活着的assignment n. (指定的)作业 activity n. 活动 social adj. 社交的;交谊的 seem v. 似乎;好像 back adj. 以前的;过去的 Proper Names Elwood N. Chapman 埃尔伍德·N·查普曼(人名) Useful Expressions(常用短语)
英语词汇与语法
since 英音：[sins]美音：[s?ns] 副词ad. (常用于现在完成时或过去完成时) 1. 此后;从那时到现在 She left school three years ago and has worked as a nurse ever since. 她三年前毕业,从那时起便一直当护士。 2. 之前,以前 介词prep. 1. (常用于现在完成时或过去完成时)自...以来,从...至今 I haven't heard from him since last year. 我自去年以来未曾收到过他的信。 连接词conj. 1. (常用于现在完成时或过去完成时)自...以来,从...至今 It's been ten years since they married. 他们结婚到现在已经十年了。 She has been living a hard life since her husband died. 她自从丈夫死后,一直过着艰苦的生活。 2. 既然;因为,由于 He must have taken the book since it isn't here. 他一定是把书拿走了,因为书已不在这里了。 Since it is so hot, let's go swimming. 既然天气这么热,我们去游泳吧。 when 副词ad. 1. (用作疑问副词)什么时候,何时 I'd like to know when they'll let him out. 我想知道他们什么时候放他。 When did you last see Margaret? 你上一次见到玛格丽特是什么时候?
词汇与语法
四级语法和词汇（1） 1. My father never gave me ______. A. many advice B. many advices C. much advice D. a lot of advices 参考答案：C TIP：advice为不可数名词，不能用many来修饰，也没有复数形式。 2. She took him ______and led him across the road. A. by his hand B. by the hand C. with hand D. with the hand 参考答案：B TIP：take ... by the hand“抓住……的手”。英语的习惯是在动词后先提人，而后在介词后再提具体的身体部位，身体部位前通常用定冠词。 3. I don't think he is to blame, ______? A. do I B. is he C. isn't he D. does he 参考答案：B TIP：本句涉及的是否定的转移问题，I don't think 中的否定词否定的是宾语从句，故附加疑问句就需要用肯定的形式。 4. ______ I know the money is safe, I shall not worry about it. A. Even though B. Unless C. As long as D. However 参考答案：C TIP：as long as“只要”。 5. He couldn't lie convincingly enough to take a child _______.
初中英语语法和词汇教学心得体会
初中英语词汇和语法教学心得体会 在初中英语教学中，词汇和语法的学习是一个重要的组成部分。因此在教学中应该加强语法、词汇教学，否则，学生的语言能力将难以提高。 初中词汇和语法教学中，首先学生在读音方面感觉困难很大，难以读准单词，有相当一部分学生往往还用汉语为英语单词注音。其次，在拼写方面，学生没有意识到字母在单词中的读音与单词的拼写有着一定的规律。在记忆单词的时候，没有通过读音和字母的关系来记忆单词，常常是死记硬背单词字母的组合。第三，在记忆单词的意义的时候，过分注意该单词所对应的汉语意义的记忆，学生完全靠死记硬背掌握单词。在初中一年级时，由于内容较少，词汇和语法简单，学生尚能应付，但随着年级的增高，英语内容的深化，词汇量的增加，学生越来越感觉到词汇的记忆和语法的学习已成为学习英语的最大障碍。于是，逐渐对英语产生厌学情绪，有的甚至于放弃这门学科。 如何解决教学中存在的这些问题呢？ 在词汇教学方面，首先，词汇教学也一定要贯彻“听说领先”的原则，在初中年级，特别是一年级，要贯彻“听说领先”的教学原则。因此，词汇教学也一定要首先是“听”。即教师在教单词时，先让学生听，让学生去“辨音”，教师所展示的不是课本里的文字，而是每个词是由几个音素、几个音节构成，重音在什么地方，这样才能
从听的意义上掌握词汇。同时，又能为学生学好语音、语调打好基础，真正地培养学生的听能，为以后更好地接收英语的输入做准备。 其次，在听的基础上加强读音规则的教学，以培养学生的拼读能力这是因为，英语属于拼音文字，虽然字母的名称音和字母在单词中的读音不同，但是，字母在单词中的读音还是有一定的规律可循。我们在词汇教学中，先让学生通过听英语单词分辨出单词的读音之后，再进行读音规则的教学，使学生能够根据字母在单词中的读音规律把单词拼写出来。 培养学生的拼读能力应该从最简单的拼读抓起，采取循序渐进的原则，通过归类和比较，使学生掌握单词中字母及组合的读音规律，能够听词能写，见词会读。 第三，教师在平时上课时，就有意先读一些词汇，或读课文，让学生先不要去看书，跟老师读这些词，然后再让学生拼写，和学生讨论如何去拼写，看这些词是由哪些字母组成的。特别是一些规律性的东西，需要反复进行训练。对于一些没有规律的单词构成，进行比较，以促进记忆。老师还可以先写出单词或句子，让学生根据已有的拼读知识试着去读出这些单词或句子。 第四，拼读训练是一个长期的过程，教师首先要了解学生的拼读能力，从最基础开始，循序渐进，掌握有规律的单词读音，比较无规律的单词读音，从而达到记忆词汇，培养读写能力的目的。 而语法教学只是一种手段，其最终目的不是让学生简单地记住语言规则，而是让其将语言的形式、意义和功能有机地结合起来，使其
词汇语法
A . heard B . be heard C . hearing D . hear
提交的答案: In 1938. 正确答案:In 1966. 提交的答案:heard 正确答案:heard 题目详解: A . have evaluated B . evaluating C . be evaluated D . evaluated 提交的答案:evaluating 正确答案:evaluating 题目详解: A . Although B . In spite of C . Despite D . As 提交的答案: In spite of 正确答案:Although 题目详解:
A . would B . might C . must D . should 提交的答案: would 正确答案:should 题目详解: A . It was from Stephen that B . That was from Stephen C . It was Stephen whom D . It was Stephen that 提交的答案: It was Stephen that 正确答案:It was from Stephen that 题目详解: A . least B . lowest C . fewest D . last 提交的答案: last 正确答案:least 题目详解:
A . As B . It C . That D . Which 提交的答案:As 正确答案:As 题目详解: A . what B . where C . that D . how 提交的答案:how 正确答案:how 题目详解: A . In exceptional circumstances only B . In only exceptional circumstances C . Only in exceptional circumstances D . In exceptional only circumstances 提交的答案:Only in exceptional circumstances 正确答案:Only in exceptional circumstances 题目详解:
中考英语词汇语法专项训练篇Unit3形容词与副词
专项训练篇 - unit 3 形容词与副词 一、单项选择（共20小题；共20分） 1. --- How about the dishes? --- Fantastic! Nothing tastes . A. nice B. better C. terrible D. worse 2. --- What do you think of soap operas? --- I can't stand them. I think they are . A. boring B. beautiful C. wonderful D. interesting 3. --- Tim, do you think time is money? --- Yes, but I think it is money. A. more important than B. very important as C. the same as D. not important as 4. --- I think English is maths. --- Yes, I think so. A. much important than B. so important as C. as important as D. as more important as 5. It is not so as yesterday, so there are people sitting in the square. A. cold; fewer B. warm; more C. cold; more D. warm; less 6. The friends you have, the you will be. B. more; happier C. many; happy D. many; happier A. more; happy 7. --- Mum, could you buy me a dress like this? --- Certainly, we can buy one than this,
英语专四语法与词汇模拟练习题4
2020届英语专四专八语法与词汇练习题 （后附详细答案） Flight simulator （飞行模拟器）refers to any electronic or mechanical system for training airplane and spacecraft pilots and crew member by simulating flight conditions. The purpose of simulation is not to completely substitute （1）_____ actual flight training but to thoroughly familiarize students with the vehicle （2）_____ before they （3）_____ extensive and possibly dangerous actual flight training. Simulations also is useful for review and for familiarizing pilots with new （4）_____ to existing craft. Two early flight simulators appeared in England within a decade after the first flight of Orville and Wilbur Wright. They were designed to enable pilots to stimulate simple aircraft （5）_____ in three dimensions：nose up or down；left wing high and right low，or vice versa；and （6）_____ to left or right. It took until 1929，however，for a truly effective simulator，the Link Trainer，to appear，devised by Edwin A. Link，a self-educated aviator and inventor from Binghamton，New York. （7）_____，airplane instrumentation had been developed sufficiently to permit “blind” flying on instruments alone，but training pilots to do so involved （8）_____ risk. Link built a model of an airplane cockpit equipped （9）_____ instrument panel and controls that could realistically stimulate all the movements of an airplane. Pilots could use the device for instrument training，manipulating the controls （10）_____ instrument readings so as to maintain straight and level flight or （11）_____ climb or descent with no visual reference （12）_____ any horizon except for the artificial one on the instrument panel. The trainer was modified （13）_____ aircraft technology advanced. Commercial airlines began to use the Link Trainer for pilot training，and the US government began purchasing them in 1934，（14）_____ thousands more as World War II approached. Technological advances during the war，particularly in electronics，helped to make the flight simulator increasingly （15）_____. The use of efficient analog computers in the early 1950s led to further improvements. Airplane cockpits，controls，and instrument displays had by then become so individualized that it was no longer feasible to use a generalized trainer to prepare pilots to fly anything （16）_____ the simplest light planes. By the 1950s，the US Air Force was using simulators that precisely （17）_____ the cockpits of its planes. During the early 1960s （18）_____ digital and hybrid computers were adopted，and their speed and flexibility revolutionized simulation systems. Further advances in computer and （19）_____ technology，notably the development of virtual-reality simulation，have made it possible to （20）_____ highly complex real-life conditions. 1. A. for B. to C. with D. on
大学英语B——词汇与语法
大学英语B——词汇与语法 1、Idon’tknow_______todealwithsuchmatter. A.what B.how C.which D./ 答案：B 答案：C 5、-Writetomewhenyougethome. -OK,I_______. A.must B.should C.will D.can 答案：C
6、He_______drivingmehome,eventhoughItoldhimIlivednearby. A.insistedon B.insistedat C.insistedthat D.insistedin 答案：A 7、Iwon’tmakethe_______mistakenexttime. A.like B.same B.yet C.still D.ever 答案：C 11、-Doyouwanttowait? -Fivedays________toolongformetowait. A.was B.were
C.is D.are 答案：C 12、IfellandhurtmyselfwhileI________basketballyesterday. A.wasplaying B.amplaying C.play D.played 答案：A 答案：A 16、Measles(麻疹)________alongtimetogetover. A.spend B.spends C.take D.takes 答案：D 17、____youknow,Davidhasbeenwelllately.
B.As C.What D.When 答案：B 18、Australiaisoneofthefewcountries____peopledriveontheleftoftheroad. A.which B.that C.where C.intelligentaswell D.asintelligentas 答案：D 22、Heaskedthewaiter________thebill. A.on B.of C.for D.after
最新译林版中考英语专项训练题之词汇与语法(9)(含答案)
最新译林版中考英语专项训练题 词汇与语法（9） Ⅰ、Choose the best answer（共20分） ( ) 1. What's that on the floor? It's just ______ small orange. A. a B. an C. the D. / ( ) 2. Three _______ the excellent students in our university will first graduate from school. A. hundred B. hundreds of C. hundred of D. hundreds ( ) 3. It was very cold the day before yesterday and it rained the whole day. __________ . A. So it was B. It was so C. So did it D. So it is ( ) 4. Don't forget to give my sincerely regards to your family． ________ ． A．I don't B．I won't C．I can't D．I haven' ( ) 5. The dress is so beautiful. Can I ______. A. try it on B. try on it C. wear it on D. dress it on ( ) 6. Would you mind _______ the Computer sound box, please? It’s eleven o’clock. A. to turn down B. turning down C. turned down D. turn down ( ) 7. Do you know the girl ________ the short skirt? A. dressing of B. having C. wearing D. putting on ( ) 8. The little girl's knee was injured, _______ she didn't cry. A. if B. but C. or D. and ( ) 9. Could you _______ German? Yes, but only a little. A. speak B. talk C. say D. tell ( )10. What time does your lessons on Sunday begin every day? It _______ at ten to eight. A. begin B. beings C. is beginning D. will begin ( )11. The boy came ______ with no idea at last. A. on B. at C. up D. to
大学英语B——词汇与语法
大学英语B——词汇与语法 1、I don’t know _______ to deal with such matter. D./ 答案：B 2、I am not used to speaking ________ public. 答案：A 3、- _______ is your girl friend like? - She is very kind and good-looking. 答案：B 4、We came finally _________ the conclusion that she has been telling lies all the time. 答案：C 5、- Write to me when you get home. - OK, I _______. 答案：C 6、He _______ driving me home, even though I told him I lived nearby.
on at that in 答案：A 7、I won’t make the _______ mistake next time. 答案：B 8、I didn’t know what to do, but then an idea suddenly ________ to me. 答案：C 9、A pair of spectacles ________ what I need at the moment. 答案：A 10、He _______ lives in the house where he was born. 答案：C 11、- Do you want to wait? - Five days ________ too long for me to wait.
英语语法常用词汇
English grammar terms often used 英语语法常用词语1．Parts of speech 词类 noun 名词pronoun 代词numeral 数词adjective 形容词verb 动词adverb副词article 冠词preposition介词conjunction连词interjection感叹词particle 小品词 2. Word building 构词法 conversion 转化derivation 派生affixation词缀法prefix前缀suffix后缀compound words 合成词 3．Classification of nouns 名词的分类 common nouns普通名词proper nouns 专有名词 individual nouns个体名词collective nouns 集合名词 material nouns 物质名词abstract nouns 抽象名词 countable nouns 可数名词uncountable nouns不可数名词 the singular form 单数形式the plural form 复数形式 the common case 普通格the possessive case 所有格 the subjective case 主格the objective case 宾格 person 人称third person singular 第三人称单数 4. Classification of pronouns 代词的分类 personal pronouns 人称代词possessive pronouns 物主代词 self pronouns 反身代词demonstrative pronouns 指示代词 interrogative pronouns 疑问代词conjunctive pronouns 连接代词 relative pronouns 关系代词reciprocal pronouns 相互代词 indefinite pronouns 不定代词 5．数词、形容词、冠词 cardinal numerals 基数词ordinal numerals 序数词 fractional numerals 分数词the comparative degree 比较级 the superlative degree 最高级The definite article 定冠词 the indefinite article 不定冠词 6．Classification of verbs 动词的分类 national verbs 实义动词link-verbs系动词 auxiliary verbs助动词modal verbs 情态动词 transitive verbs 及物动词intransitive verbs 不及物动词 regular verbs 规则动词irregular verbs 不规则动词 the present forms 现在式the past forms 过去式 the participle 分词the present participle现在分词 the past participle 过去分词the infinitive 不定式 the gerund 动名词bare infinitive 不带to的不定式
成人英语三级考试词汇与语法专项练习及答案二
成人英语三级考试词汇与语法专项练习及答案二 1.Lucy has ____ all of the goals she set for herself in high school and is ready for new challenges at university. A. acquired B. finished C. concluded D. achieved 2.Hardly could he_____ this amount of work in such a short time. A. get through B. get off C. get into D. get down 3.—— Excuse me, could you tell me the way to the British Museum? ——Sorry, I’m a stranger here. ——_________. A. Thanks, anyway B. It doesn’t matter C. Never mind D. No problem 4.Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits and a ______ of exercise. A. limit B. lack C. need D. demand 5. It was already past midnight and only three young men in the tea house. A.left B.remained C.delayed D.deserted 6. - F our dollars a pair?I think it’s a bit too much. - If you buy three pairs, the price for each will to three fifty. https://www.360docs.net/doc/188364089.html,e down B.take down C.turn over D.go over 7. We the last bus and didn’t have any money for taxi, so we had to walk home.
英语专四语法与词汇模拟练习题附答案
1. My pain ____ apparent the moment I walked into the room, for the first man I met asked sympathetically: "Are you feeling all right?" A. must be B. must have been C. had been D. had to be 2. It is only when you nearly lose someone ____ fully conscious of how much you value him. A. do you become B. then you become C. that you become D. have you become 3. Just as the soil is a part of the earth, ___ the atmosphere. A. as it is B. so is C. the same as D. and so is 4. While driving along the treacherous road, ___ . A. my right rear tire blew out B. my right rear tire had a blowout C. I had a blowout on my right rear tire D. I had my right rear tire blowout 5. Jean Wagner's most enduring contribution to the study of Afro-American Poetry is his insistence that ___________ it in a religious, as well as worldly, frame of reference. A. is to be analyzed B. has been analyzed C. be analyzed D. should have been analyzed 6. __ there is little we can do to modify the weather, we can at least know what kind of weather to expect. A. Since B. When C. While D. Unless 7. This organization brought Western artists together in the hope of making more of an impact on the art community _____ any of them could inpidually and to promote Western art by women. A. rather than B. rather C. than D. other than 8. But the Swiss discovered long years ago that constant warfare brought them ___ suffering and poverty. A. anything but B. nothing but C. none other than D. no more than 9. After ___ seemed an endless wait, it was her turn to step into the doctor's office. A. it B. that C. what D. which 10. The board deemed it's urgent that these files ___ right away. A. had to be printed B. should have been printed C. must be printed D. should be printed 11. The sale usually takes place outside the house, with the audience ___ on benches, chairs or boxes. A. having seated B. seating C. seated D. having been seated 12. __ in this way, the situation doesn't seem so disappointing. A. To look at B. Looking at C. Looked at D. To be looked at 13. Nobody came to see me while I was out, ___ ? A. did they B. didn't they C. did she D. didn't she 14. You will see this product ___ wherever you go. A. to be advertised B. advertised C. advertise D. advertising 15. Suddenly ___ fire broke out in the room and everything in it was soon on ___ fire. A. /, a B. The, / C. a, / D. /, the 16. If you ___ Jerry Brown until recently, you'd think the photograph on the right was strange. A. shouldn't contact B. weren't to contact C. didn't contact D. hadn't contacted 17. Scientists think __ helps some trees to conserve water in the winter. A. when losing leaves B. leaves are lost C. that losing leaves D. the leaves losing
词汇与语法概述
词汇与语法分析 1．词汇和语法结构的考查重点 首先我们来看一看四级考试中，语法和结构部分究竟考了些什么，重点和容易出错的问题在哪里? ①语义问题，包括多义词、同义词、近义词、反义词等。英语中不少单词是多义词，而有的学生只知道它们最常见的一个或者两个意思，却不知道其它含义和在特定上下文中的引伸意义，这些都是在考试中容易考到的部分，也是容易出错的部分。英语和汉语属于两个完全不同的语系，词语的含义不能完全对等，受汉语语意的干扰也是容易出错的原因之一。 ②搭配问题，包括名词与形容词的搭配，动词与名词的搭配，动词、名词或形容词与介词的搭配，动词与副词的搭配等。这些搭配纷繁复杂，千变万化，是产生词汇和语法错误的主要原因。 ③语法结构问题，主要是时态、语态、虚拟语气、非谓语动词、从句(包括连接词和关系代词或关系副词)等方面的问题。特别是，在特定的语境中应该选用何种时态或何种句子结构，往往是容易出错的关键。 其次再看一看该部分在整个考试中的地位和时间分配。 该部分共30题，一般40％考察短语和词汇，60％考察语法，每一题0．5分，共15分，时间是20分钟。从整体上看，占分比例不大，不象阅读理解那样占分多，而且每一题分值高(每题，2分)，但显然这15分我们也不能轻易放弃。现在的关键问题是：绝大部分学生在这一部分不是花的时间少了，而是多了。我们知道这一部分的考察主要靠的是知识和语感，不是说多琢磨一会儿就能答对，有时甚至恰恰相反。所以每一题d0秒的时间显然可以压缩，根据经验大约可以到30秒一题(当然这里不是要你去计算每一题做题时间)，这样节省下来的时间可以用到分值更高的阅读理解中去。 2．语法结构与词汇应试策略 大纲要求 最新《大学英语教学大纲》对四级语法的要求是：“巩固和加深基本语法知识，提高在语篇水平上运用语法知识的能力。”《大纲》对四级词汇的要求是：“领会式掌握4200单词(其中复用式掌握的单词为2500)，以及由这些词构成的常用词组1600条(中学所掌握的词和词组均包括在内)，并且有按照基本构词法识别生词的能力。” 四级语法结构与词汇考查内容 四级考试对语法词汇的考查与《大纲》要求是十分一致的。综观近年来的四级考试题，我们不难发现四级考试语法词汇部分是这样体现《大纲》的。 1．语法考题的涉及面宽 近年考题曾经考到：几乎所有词类，三种动词的非谓语形式，名词从句，形容词从句，副词从句，独立主格，一致，倒装，强调等基本语法知识。 2．语法考试的重点突出 语法考试的重点为内容庞杂较难掌握的项目，这些项目还反复出现如：虚拟语气，状语从句，定语从句，独立主格，情态动词。 3．具体考查重点为以上项目中的特殊用法，不常用的情况· 1)虚拟语气的考点为：would rather +that从句+一般过去时：It is vital／necessary／important／urgent／imperative n.命令, 诫命, 需要, 规则, 祈使语气adj.命令的, 强制的, 紧急的, 必要的, 势在必行的, [语法]祈使的／desirable／advisable／natural／essential +that+动词原形；It is time／about time／high time+ that+一般过去时：proposal／suggestion +that+动词原形；lest +that +should+动词原形水only + that +would+动词原形。 2)状语从句的考点为：非if引导的条件状语从句，此类句子多用at times，provided，so