兔股骨髁临界性骨缺损动物模型制备及临界骨缺损值

  1. 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
  2. 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
  3. 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。

《中国组织工程研究》 Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research

·研究原著·

徐石庄,男,1986年生,江苏省连云港市人,汉族,徐州医科大学在读硕士,主治医师,主要从事骨关节疾病研究。

通讯作者:赵凤朝,博士,副教授,徐州医科大学,江苏省徐州市 221000

文献标识码:B

投稿日期:2019-09-09 送审日期:2019-09-10 采用日期:2019-10-19 在线日期:2020-01-04

Xu Shizhuang, Master candidate, Attending physician, Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, Jiangsu Province, China

Corresponding author: Zhao Fengchao, MD, Associate professor, Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, Jiangsu Province, China

兔股骨髁临界性骨缺损动物模型制备及临界骨缺损值

徐石庄1,王 进2,潘文振1,刘 磊1,杨冠杰1,赵凤朝1 (1徐州医科大学附属医院骨科,江苏省徐州市 221000;2苏州大学附属张家

港医院,江苏省苏州市 215000)

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2614 ORCID: 0000-0002-1257-965X(徐石庄)

文章快速阅读:

文题释义:

临界性骨缺损:首先定义为自然状况下骨缺损不进行任何处理无法自愈的最短的骨缺损尺寸。随后考虑到观察实验动物完整的生命周期是非常困难的,将临界性骨缺损值定义为在实验期间物种不能自行愈合的最短骨缺损尺寸。

动物模型:是在医学研究中建立的模拟人类疾病表现的动物,骨组织工程中建立临床相关的测试动物模型来研究材料的生物相容性、降解、力学性能以及与宿主组织的相互作用,是体外实验和人体临床试验之间的关键一步。

摘要

背景:兔股骨远端骨缺损模型被研究者们广泛用于骨缺损替代骨组织工程材料的测试,但对于兔股骨髁圆柱形骨缺损模型的大小文献报道不一,直径分布在5-9 mm ,深度8-12 mm ,目前尚无统一的标准。 目的:建立兔股骨髁不同尺寸骨缺损模型,确定兔股骨髁临界性骨缺损尺寸。

方法:6月龄雄性新西兰白兔18只,随机分为3组,每组各6只,分别建立骨缺损模型,骨缺损直径依次为5,6,7 mm ,深度均为10 mm ,双侧手术,共计12侧。分别于术后第1天及术后第4,8,12周行CT 扫描及三维重建,CT-Hedberg 评分评价骨缺损愈合情况;于术后12周处死新西兰白兔,取出股骨髁缺损样本,通过大体观察和苏木精-伊红染色分析缺损区愈合情况。实验方案经徐州医科大学实验动物道德伦理委员会批准。

结果与结论:①术后所有兔均存活,术后12周大体观察示:直径5 mm 组缺损由新生骨组织充填,股骨髁塑形良好,骨缺损基本完全修复;直径6 mm 组、直径7 mm 组骨缺损区可见明显凹陷,新生骨组织较少,骨缺损未修复;②CT 图像示:术后第4,8周,直径5 mm 组缺损区逐渐减小,断端桥接;直径6 mm 、直径7 mm 组缺损区仅周边有少量新生骨长入,缺损面积较前稍减小;术后第12周可见直径5 mm 组皮质骨结构完整、连续,骨缺损基本完全修复;直径6 mm 组骨缺损部分修复;直径7 mm 组缺损未修复,仍可见明显缺损空腔存在;③CT-Hedberg 评分显示,术后各时间点直径6 mm 组评分显著低于直径5 mm 组(P < 0.05);与直径7 mm 组比较差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);④组织学结果示:术后12周直径5 mm 组缺损区出现排列不规则的骨小梁结构,并可见大量新生骨组织填充,其他2组在骨缺损周边可见部分新生骨小梁存在,但缺损区新生骨组织填充较少;⑤结果说明,在12周的实验观察期内,在缺损深度同为10 mm 的条件下,直径>6 mm 的股骨髁缺损未能自行愈合,而直径<6 mm 的股骨髁缺损基本完全修复。此结果符合临界骨缺损的标准,故直径6 mm 可作为兔股骨髁临界骨缺损值。 关键词:

兔;股骨髁;临界性骨缺损;缺损尺寸;动物模型 中图分类号:R446;R496;R318

Preparing an animal model of critical femoral defect in rabbit femoral condyle and the critical bone defect size

Xu Shizhuang 1

, Wang Jin 2

, Pan Wenzhen 1

, Liu Lei 1

, Yang Guangjie 1

, Zhao Fengchao 1 (1

Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, Jiangsu Province, China; 2

Zhangjiagang Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu Province, China)

徐石庄,王进,潘文振,刘磊,杨冠杰,赵凤朝. 兔股骨髁临界性骨缺损动物模型制备及临界骨缺损值[J].

中国组织工程研究,2020,24(20):3191-3195. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2614

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Rabbit model of distal femoral bone defect has been widely used to test bone tissue engineering materials for bone defects. However, there is no uniform standard for the size of the cylindrical bone defect model of the rabbit femoral condyle, which ranges 5-9 mm in diameter and 8-12 mm in depth.

OBJECTIVE: To establish the bone defect model of adult rabbit femoral condyle with different sizes and to determine the critical bone defect size of the femoral condyle

METHODS: Eighteen male New Zealand White rabbits aged 6 months were randomly divided into three groups according to the diameter of bone defect: 5 mm diameter group, 6 mm diameter group, and 7 mm diameter group. The defect depth was 10 mm. These rabbits underwent bilateral radial surgery, a total of 12 sides. Computed Tomography (CT) scan and three-dimensional reconstruction were performed at 1 day, 4, 8, 12 weeks after surgery. The CT-Hedberg score was used to evaluate the healing of bone defects. The rabbits were sacrificed at 12 weeks after surgery, and the femoral condyle specimens were taken out. Healing of the defect was analyzed by gross observation and hematoxylin-eosin staining. The study protocol was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Xuzhou Medical University.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: All rabbits survived after surgery. The gross observation showed that the defect of 5 mm diameter group was filled with new bone tissue, the femoral condyle was well shaped, and the bone defect was completely repaired. In 6 mm and 7 mm diameter groups, depressed deformation was obviously observed in the defect area, with less new bone tissue, and the defect was was not repaired. The CT images showed that the defect area of 5 mm diameter group gradually decreased, and the broken ends of the defect were bridged. In the defect area of 6 mm and 7 mm diameter groups, only a small amount of new bone tissue was implanted, and the defect area was slightly reduced. At the 12th week after surgery, the cortical bone structure of 5 mm diameter group was intact and continuous, the femoral condyle was well shaped, and the bone defect was completely repaired. The defects of 6 mm and 7 mm diameter groups were partially or not repaired, and the defect cavity was still visible in the 7 mm diameter group. The CT-Hedberg scores of 6 mm diameter group were significantly lower than those of 5 mm diameter group at different time points (P < 0.05), and there was no significant difference in the CT-Hedberg scores between 6 mm and 7 mm diameter groups (P > 0.05). Histological results showed that there were irregular trabecular structures in the defect area of 5 mm diameter group, with a large amount of new bone tissue. In the other two groups, there were some new bone trabeculae around the bone defect, but the defect area was less filled with new bone tissue. During the 12-week observation period, the femoral condyle defect with a diameter of > 6 mm and a depth of 10 mm could not heal spontaneously, while the defect with a diameter of < 6 mm could be completely repaired, which met the criteria of critical bone defect. Therefore, the diameter of < 6 mm could be used as the critical bone defect size of rabbit femoral condyle.

Key words: rabbit; femoral condyle; critical bone defect; defect size; animal model

0 引言Introduction

在全膝关节翻修或者复杂初次膝关节置换中经常会遇

到股骨远端骨缺损的情况,如果股骨远端骨缺损得不到处理

将会导致膝关节翻修和置换手术的失败[1]。传统治疗方法是

根据骨缺损的大小选择包括骨水泥+螺钉技术、自体骨移植、同种异体骨移植、金属垫块、袖套等方法处理,近年来随着

材料学、工程学、生命科学的快速发展,骨组织工程用于骨

缺损修复的研究受到广泛关注[2-4]。骨组织工程材料可以促进

骨再生,在缺损处植入骨组织材料作为填充物来修复骨缺损

成为一种理想治疗方法。为了评价骨缺损修复材料的临床效果,往往需要建立临床相关的测试动物模型来研究材料的生

物相容性、降解、力学性能以及与宿主组织的相互作用。动

物模型是体外实验和人体临床试验之间的关键一步,因此,

选择一种合适的在体骨缺损动物模型来测试骨缺损修复材

料的疗效是非常必要的。目前常用的造模动物有鼠、兔、狗、猴、羊、猪等,而兔骨缺损模型是最常用的,对兔股骨髁实

验动物骨缺损模型的研究也日益增多[5-6]。

股骨远端骨缺损是膝关节翻修面临的主要困难和挑

战[7-9],因此,在进行人体临床试验之前,使用股骨远端骨缺

损动物模型测试替代材料的临床效果具有建设性的意义。兔

股骨远端骨缺损模型被研究者们广泛用于骨缺损替代骨组

织工程材料的测试[10-12],但对于兔股骨髁圆柱形骨缺损模型

的大小文献报道不一[13-15],直径分布在5-9 mm,深度8- 12 mm,目前尚无统一的标准。因此,建立标准的兔股骨髁

缺损动物模型是进行骨组织工程研究的必要条件。

实验通过构建不同尺寸的兔股骨髁骨缺损模型,并进

行相应的大体、影像学及组织学观察来评估缺损愈合情况,以期在制备兔股骨髁骨缺损模型时,为骨缺损模型的选择提供数据支持,为进一步研究股骨远端骨缺的损修复和股骨远端骨缺损修复后的疗效评价提供参考标准。

1材料和方法Materials and methods

1.1 设计动物模型的制备。

1.2 时间及地点实验于2018年8月至2019年6月在徐州医科大学完成。

1.3 材料

1.3.1 实验动物选取6月龄普通级雄性新西兰白兔18只,体质量为3.0-3.5 kg,购自徐州医科大学实验动物中心[SCXK(苏)2014-0005]。连续监测动物饲养室内的温度及湿度,维持室温20-25 ℃,相对湿度40%-70%[SYXK(苏) 2015-0025]。实验过程中对动物的处置符合国家科技部2006年颁布的《关于善待实验动物的指导性意见》。

1.3.2 实验用主要药品及仪器氯胺酮(福建古田药业有限公司),氟哌利多(上海旭东海普药业有限公司),地西泮(济川药业集团有限公司),青霉素(山东鲁抗医药股份有限公司),骨科电钻(Smith&Nephew,美国),螺旋CT(SIEMENS Definition Flash,德国),光学显微镜(OLYMPUS,日本),电钻、持针器、剪刀、2 mm克氏针、手外科拉钩、骨膜剥离器、手术刀柄、止血钳、中空取骨钻、刀片、缝针缝线、注射器等手术器械由徐州医科大学动物实验中心提供。

1.4 实验方法

1.4.1 实验分组及模型制备18只新西兰白兔根据圆柱形骨缺损的直径大小随机分为直径5,6,7 mm 3组,骨缺损直径依次为5,6,7 mm,深度均为10 mm,每组各6只,双侧手术计12侧。参考邓威等[16]造模方法制备兔股骨髁缺

相关文档
最新文档