英美文学史francis-baconPPT课件
合集下载
Francis Bacon Of Studies培根论读书PPT
密，科学使人深刻，伦理学使人庄重，逻辑修辞之学使人 善辩；凡有所学，皆成性格。)
“delight” makes men enjoy the happiness of life even though he is alone; “ornament” gives men plausibility and skills of holding pleasant ambience; “ability” emphasizes a knowledge of thinking, behaving and doing.
Histories make men wise, poets, witty; the mathematics, subtle; natural philosophy, 读史使人明智，读诗使人灵秀，数学使人周 deep; moral grave; logic and rhetoric, able to 密，科学使人深刻，伦理学使人庄重，逻辑 contend. Abeunt studia in mores. 修辞之学使人善辩；凡有所学，皆成性格。
Some books also may be read by deputy and extracts made of them by others; but that 书亦可请人代读，取其所作摘要，但只限 would be only in the less important 题材较次或价值不高者，否则书经提炼犹 arguments and the meaner sort of books; 如水经蒸馏，淡而无味。 else distilled books are like common distilled waters, flashy things.
So if a man's wit be wandering, let him study 如智力不集中，可令读数学，盖演题需全 the mathematics; for in demonstrations, if his wit be called away never so little,hair-splitters he must 神贯注，稍有分散即须重演；如不能辩异， begin again. If his wit be not apt to distinguish 可令读经院哲学，盖是辈皆吹毛求疵之人； or find differences, let him study the 如不善求同，不善以一物阐证另一物，可 Schoolmen, for they are cymini sectores. If 令读律师之案卷。如此头脑中凡有缺陷， he be not apt to beat over matters and to call 皆有特效可医。 up one thing to prove and illustrate another, let him study the lawyer’s cases. So every defect of the mind, may have a special receipt.
“delight” makes men enjoy the happiness of life even though he is alone; “ornament” gives men plausibility and skills of holding pleasant ambience; “ability” emphasizes a knowledge of thinking, behaving and doing.
Histories make men wise, poets, witty; the mathematics, subtle; natural philosophy, 读史使人明智，读诗使人灵秀，数学使人周 deep; moral grave; logic and rhetoric, able to 密，科学使人深刻，伦理学使人庄重，逻辑 contend. Abeunt studia in mores. 修辞之学使人善辩；凡有所学，皆成性格。
Some books also may be read by deputy and extracts made of them by others; but that 书亦可请人代读，取其所作摘要，但只限 would be only in the less important 题材较次或价值不高者，否则书经提炼犹 arguments and the meaner sort of books; 如水经蒸馏，淡而无味。 else distilled books are like common distilled waters, flashy things.
So if a man's wit be wandering, let him study 如智力不集中，可令读数学，盖演题需全 the mathematics; for in demonstrations, if his wit be called away never so little,hair-splitters he must 神贯注，稍有分散即须重演；如不能辩异， begin again. If his wit be not apt to distinguish 可令读经院哲学，盖是辈皆吹毛求疵之人； or find differences, let him study the 如不善求同，不善以一物阐证另一物，可 Schoolmen, for they are cymini sectores. If 令读律师之案卷。如此头脑中凡有缺陷， he be not apt to beat over matters and to call 皆有特效可医。 up one thing to prove and illustrate another, let him study the lawyer’s cases. So every defect of the mind, may have a special receipt.
Francis Bacon(英国文学课件)
• If the imaginative powers of literary creation of English Renaissance found their expression in the poetry of Spenser 风 格的and the drama of Shakespeare, the 格的 intellectual energy of this age showed itself in the achievement of Francis Bacon, English philosopher and statesman, one of the pioneers of modern scientific thought.
•
•
•
• Being unwittingly on his deathbed, the philosopher wrote his last letter to his absent host and friend Lord Arundel: • "My very good Lord,—I was likely to have had the fortune of Caius Plinius the elder, who lost his life by trying an experiment about the burning of Mount Vesuvius; for I was also desirous to try an experiment or two touching the conservation and induration of bodies. As for the experiment itself, it succeeded excellently well; but in the journey between London and Highgate, I was taken with such a fit of casting as I know not whether it were the Stone, or some surfeit or cold, or indeed a touch of them all three. But when I came to your Lordship's House, I was not able to go back, and therefore was forced to take up my lodging here, where your housekeeper is very careful and diligent about me, which I assure myself your Lordship will not only pardon towards him, but think the better of him for it. For indeed your Lordship's House was happy to me, and I kiss your noble hands for the welcome which I am sure you give me to it. I know how unfit it is for me to write with any other hand than mine own, but by my troth my fingers are so disjointed with sickness that I cannot steadily hold a pen."
弗兰西斯·培根1PPT教程.
· 1933年 培根一幅《十字架受难图》被收入象征当时英国评论界指针性艺术著作的 《当代艺术》中，并于1934年举办了自己的个人展,然而这一切外部的赞誉并没有带 给培根以欣喜。培根对自己绘画能力的有限与不足感到万般沮丧。他曾宣称自己受困 于画面表现与真实间难达契合的极大落差之中，并一度放弃绘画，而回归到酒吧中。 事后，他亲手毁去了绝大多数被他评为毫无价值的早期画作，并对这类早期画作绝口 不提。 · 20世纪50年代，他以西班牙画家委拉斯开兹的名画《教皇英诺森十世》为本，改画 成50多幅《肖像研究》的变体画作品，这些生动而有力的变形使教皇不可一世的统治 变为恶魔的形象。这批作品尺寸较大，表现之铺陈壮丽，其用色与笔触让人想到16世 纪威尼斯画派提香的作品。凭借绘画作品的独创性和有力的风格，培根声名鹊起。 · 1992年，弗朗西斯•培根在西班牙马德里去世，他的作品仍旧具有广泛的影响力。
创作主题：
弗朗西斯•培根喜欢畸形和病态的主题，最擅长运用多变的 技法以有力笔触表现人物形象的孤独、野蛮、恐怖、愤怒 和兴奋。根据自己内心的幻象和痛苦，运用漩涡式样的笔 触，表现被摧残后的扭曲和破碎的心态。在培根的笔下， 形象不再是按照真人或动物画出来的，他向人们展现了命 运被遮盖了的景象。他形容自己的作品是“试图把某种情 绪形象化”。正因为如此，使得一个人的孤独和苦恼成了 他最喜欢表现的主题。他的画面上往往出现的是一个可怖 的、痉挛的、孤寂或挣扎的肉体，一个难以名状的“食尸 鬼”或是一个咆哮着的恶魔，它或坐或站在一个幽闭着的 阴森的空间中，很像一个阴暗的单人牢房。这些怪诞的变 了形的生物所表现出来的强烈的痛苦和紧张的情绪震撼了 西方画坛，也使培根作为揭示人类生存困境的艺术大师蜚 声大西洋两岸。
← 正常
邪恶
→
委拉斯凯兹的教皇英诺 森十世像
创作主题：
弗朗西斯•培根喜欢畸形和病态的主题，最擅长运用多变的 技法以有力笔触表现人物形象的孤独、野蛮、恐怖、愤怒 和兴奋。根据自己内心的幻象和痛苦，运用漩涡式样的笔 触，表现被摧残后的扭曲和破碎的心态。在培根的笔下， 形象不再是按照真人或动物画出来的，他向人们展现了命 运被遮盖了的景象。他形容自己的作品是“试图把某种情 绪形象化”。正因为如此，使得一个人的孤独和苦恼成了 他最喜欢表现的主题。他的画面上往往出现的是一个可怖 的、痉挛的、孤寂或挣扎的肉体，一个难以名状的“食尸 鬼”或是一个咆哮着的恶魔，它或坐或站在一个幽闭着的 阴森的空间中，很像一个阴暗的单人牢房。这些怪诞的变 了形的生物所表现出来的强烈的痛苦和紧张的情绪震撼了 西方画坛，也使培根作为揭示人类生存困境的艺术大师蜚 声大西洋两岸。
← 正常
邪恶
→
委拉斯凯兹的教皇英诺 森十世像
英国文学.培根ppt课件
is from ________________’s Tempest.
凡是过去，皆为序章。
《暴风雨》
3
2. The famous aphorism, “Knowledge is power”, is found in the Meditations by _______________.
Francis Bacon
8
Life
3. In 1584, elected to Parliament (23). 4. In 1603, Knighted (42), 5. In 1617, became Lord Keeper of the Great Seal
(highest possible position) (56) 6.In 1618, made Lord Chancellor 7.In 1618, elevated to peerage (British nobles) 8.In 1621,charged with corruption and bribery (60) 9.In 1626, died in disgrace (65)
9
Bacon’s literary power and success find fine expression chiefly in his best known literary work Essays. Short as they are, these essays show Bacon’s profundity in understanding man and society.
and Gui Y. Met Queen Elizabeth I (9)
Famously replied “Two years younger than Your Majesty’s happy reign”
凡是过去，皆为序章。
《暴风雨》
3
2. The famous aphorism, “Knowledge is power”, is found in the Meditations by _______________.
Francis Bacon
8
Life
3. In 1584, elected to Parliament (23). 4. In 1603, Knighted (42), 5. In 1617, became Lord Keeper of the Great Seal
(highest possible position) (56) 6.In 1618, made Lord Chancellor 7.In 1618, elevated to peerage (British nobles) 8.In 1621,charged with corruption and bribery (60) 9.In 1626, died in disgrace (65)
9
Bacon’s literary power and success find fine expression chiefly in his best known literary work Essays. Short as they are, these essays show Bacon’s profundity in understanding man and society.
and Gui Y. Met Queen Elizabeth I (9)
Famously replied “Two years younger than Your Majesty’s happy reign”
《培根英文简介》课件
Attention rewards science
Summary
Francis Bacon was a strong advocate of the scientific method, which he saw as the most effective way of gaining knowledge about the natural world
He criticized the church for its position to scientific thought and its treatment of genetics, and advocated for a more open and tolerant approach to wards different beliefs
01
Francis Bacon's Life
Birth and family background
Birth and Family Background
Francis Bacon was born in 1561 to Sir Nicholas Bacon, a rented lawyer and statesman, and his wife, Anne Cook He was the youngest of eight children and had five sisters and two brothers
2
Detail
Bacon proposed new methods and tools for scientific experience, observation, and analysis He emphasized the importance of basic scientific knowledge on observable and reproducible evidence, rather than theoretical calculation
英国文学选读课件Unit 3 Francis Bacon
IV A close analysis of “Of Studies” V Questions for further exploration
VI Useful on-line references for further study
I Bacon’s position and contribution
II A brief introduction to Bacon's Essays
1. Actual size • a collection of essays • the first published book in 1597 with 10 essays • a much-enlarged second edition in 1612 with 38 essays • the third published book in 1625 with 58 essays.
• about rumination on the subject of marriage and single life with all its pros and cons.
2. Discourse analysis
• Bacon's point of view: - wives and children, - impediment to great enterprises, or great deeds; - not necessarily a bad thing, - a virtue for both the wife and the children and even for the society; - marriage a good thing on the whole.
and some few to be chewed and digested.” 书有可浅尝者，有可吞食者，少数则须咀嚼消化。
VI Useful on-line references for further study
I Bacon’s position and contribution
II A brief introduction to Bacon's Essays
1. Actual size • a collection of essays • the first published book in 1597 with 10 essays • a much-enlarged second edition in 1612 with 38 essays • the third published book in 1625 with 58 essays.
• about rumination on the subject of marriage and single life with all its pros and cons.
2. Discourse analysis
• Bacon's point of view: - wives and children, - impediment to great enterprises, or great deeds; - not necessarily a bad thing, - a virtue for both the wife and the children and even for the society; - marriage a good thing on the whole.
and some few to be chewed and digested.” 书有可浅尝者，有可吞食者，少数则须咀嚼消化。
欧洲文化课ppt：介绍弗朗西斯·培根(英文版)
Bacon was educated at home in his early years owing to poor health, which would plague him throughout his life.
培根天生体弱多病，所以自幼在 家习书。他的体弱也使得他一生 病疾不断。
He entered Trinity College, Cambridge, on 5 April 1573 at the age of 12, living for three years there.
Francis Bacon's statue at Gray's Inn, South Square, London
His parliamentary career began when he was elected MP for Bossiney, Cornwall, in a by-election in 1584.
1584年，培根当选为国会议员，从 此开始了他的政治生涯。
The succession of James I brought Bacon into greater favour. He was knighted in 1603. And he made great success in politics in the next few years.
他十二岁进入剑桥 大学三一学院，但 是未三获年得后学中位途。辍学，McheampeolroiaflTtroinFirtaynCcoislleBgaec,oCna, minbtrhidege
In 1576, Francis went abroad with Sir Amias Paulet who is the English ambassador at Paris. For the next three years he visited Blois [blwɑ:] , Poitiers, Tours, Italy, and Spain.
FrancisBaconPPT教学课件
killed in a tavern brawl wrote 4 great plays:
Tamburlaine the Great (1587) Doctor Faustus (1588) The Jew of Malta (1589) Edward II (1593)
2020/12/09
human character
2020/12/09
9
Style
a. The arguments are well arranged in unity and coherence in one paragraph.
b. the conciseness of expressions and phrases presents a plain style as well as his simple language.
In 1621, fell out of favor because of bribery
2020/12/09
3
Bቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱcon as a Man
thinker, philosopher, statesman
a corrupted man, who was described as “wisest, brightest & meanest man.”
2020/12/09
8
Of studies
purpose of reading attitudes towards study principles of studies study method study develop your character/effect of study on
Francis Bacon (1561-1626)
Tamburlaine the Great (1587) Doctor Faustus (1588) The Jew of Malta (1589) Edward II (1593)
2020/12/09
human character
2020/12/09
9
Style
a. The arguments are well arranged in unity and coherence in one paragraph.
b. the conciseness of expressions and phrases presents a plain style as well as his simple language.
In 1621, fell out of favor because of bribery
2020/12/09
3
Bቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱcon as a Man
thinker, philosopher, statesman
a corrupted man, who was described as “wisest, brightest & meanest man.”
2020/12/09
8
Of studies
purpose of reading attitudes towards study principles of studies study method study develop your character/effect of study on
Francis Bacon (1561-1626)
弗朗西斯培根PPT课件
4
Painter Bacon
• was an Irish-born figurative painter of English descent
• known for his bold, austere, graphic and often tortured imagery.
• Bacon's abstract figures typically appear isolated in glass or steel geometrical cages set against flat, nondescript backgrounds.
• Induction implies drawing knowledge from the natural world through experimentation, observation, and testing of hypotheses. In the context of his time, such methods were connected with the occult trends of hermeticism and alchemy
Seal (his father’s former office). • 1618 – Made Lord Chancellor.
3
Francis Bacon, a representative of the English renaissance, is a well-known philosopher , scientist and essayist. He began his professional life as a lawyer, but he has become best known as a philosophical advocate and defender of the scientific revolution
Painter Bacon
• was an Irish-born figurative painter of English descent
• known for his bold, austere, graphic and often tortured imagery.
• Bacon's abstract figures typically appear isolated in glass or steel geometrical cages set against flat, nondescript backgrounds.
• Induction implies drawing knowledge from the natural world through experimentation, observation, and testing of hypotheses. In the context of his time, such methods were connected with the occult trends of hermeticism and alchemy
Seal (his father’s former office). • 1618 – Made Lord Chancellor.
3
Francis Bacon, a representative of the English renaissance, is a well-known philosopher , scientist and essayist. He began his professional life as a lawyer, but he has become best known as a philosophical advocate and defender of the scientific revolution
欧洲文化课ppt：介绍弗朗西斯·培根
Monument to Bacon at his burial place, St Michael's Church in St Albans
thank you
Knowledge is power,
France is …… bacon?
Francis Bacon, 1st Viscount St Alban, (22 January 1561 – 9 April 1626) was an English philosopher, statesman, scientist, jurist, orator, and author. 弗朗西斯· 培根（1561一1626年）， 第一代圣阿尔本子爵，英国著名哲学 家、政治家、科学家、法理学家、演 说家和作家。
Francis Bacon's statue at Gray's Inn, South Square, London
His parliamentary career began when he was elected MP for Bossiney, Cornwall, in a by-election in 1584.
Bacon has been called the father of empiricism. His works argued for the possibility of scientific knowledge based only upon inductive and careful observation of events in nature. Most importantly, he argued this could be achieved by use of a skeptical and methodical approach whereby scientists aim to avoid misleading themselves. While his own practical ideas about such a method, the Baconian method, did not have a long lasting influence, the general idea of the importance and possibility of a skeptical methodology makes Bacon the father of scientific method. The practical details of which are still central in debates about science and methodology today. 培根被称作实验哲学之父。他提出科学研究应该应该基于对自 然现象的仔细观察和归纳。最重要的是，他认为科学家应该通 过不断质疑和有条理的方法来得出正确结论。虽然他自己总结 的实践方法“培根法”并没有产生深远影响，但是他认定通过 质疑来获得真理的想法，使他成为了实验方法之父。他的科学 实践理论仍然现今是科学方法的核心。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
comedies, tragicomedies, a kind of melodrama (Ben Johnson) 1640s-1660s, be closed, Restoration comedy(复辟时期的喜剧). female role
British Literature
-
4
培根
知识就是力量。
husband Willam of Orange The Bill of Rights(权利法案) A country of constitutional monarchy
British Literature
-
3
The 17th Century
3 Literary Achievements Charles Ⅰ, drama’s new form: satiric
1642 The English civil war
1653 Oliver Cromwell( the lord Protector of Britain)
British Literature
-
2
The 17th Century
2 The Glorious Revolution(光荣革命) 1688, James’s daughter Mary and her
British Literature
-
8
In 1576, studied law
A few months later, joined Sir Amias Paulet, the English ambassador to Paris
In 1579, returned to England at the death of his father
生活的理想,就是为了理想 地生活。
爱情就像银行里存一笔钱， 能欣赏对方的优点，就像补 充收入；容忍对方缺点，这 是节制支出。所谓永恒的爱， 是从红颜爱到白发，从花开 爱到花残。
British Literature
-
5
family
Father:Sir Nicholas Bacon(Lord Keeper of the
British Literature
-
6
Francis Bacon (1561-1626)
The youngest of 5 sons of Sir Nicholas Bacon, Was born at York House on the Strand in London
Received an education at home in his early years because of his poor health
Francis Bacon (1561-1626)
The 17th Century
1 The Puritan revolution James Ⅰ, Charles Ⅰ(1649)
Puritan: the common people and the king are equal, simpler manner of worship (the Anglican Church)
Deep in debt, he was charged by a Parliamentary Committee of corruption.（贪 污，腐败）
British Literature
-
10
Was sentenced to a fine of ￡40, 000 and was imprisoned in the Tower of London
Parliament declared Bacon incapable of holding any future office or sitting in parliament（国会）
Then, devoted himself to writing
In March, 1626, he came to London, and died in shame.
British Literature
-
11
Literary Career
1605 The Advancement of Learning
(in English) 《学术的推进》
1620 Novum Organum
(in Latin, New Instrument)《新工具》
Inductive Method
Seal under Queen Elizabeth I)
Mother: Anne Cook(Daughter of Sir Anthoony Cook) Second wife
Brothers and sisters: 5 brother and 1 sister from his father’s first wife
1626 De Augmentis
(in Latin)《广学论》
1626 The New Atlantis
At 12, entered Trinity College, Cambridge At Cambridge, met Queen Elizabeth, who
called him “the young Lord Keeper”
British Literature
-
7
Cambridge trinity college(1573)
Got into debt and took up his residence in law at Gray’s Inn
In 1582, was called to the Bar（律师资格）
In 1584, entered the House of Commons
British Literacame knighted （授予爵位）under James I
In 1618, became Lord High Chancellor（大法 官）, the head of the legal system of England
His public career ended in disgrace in 1621.
British Literature
-
4
培根
知识就是力量。
husband Willam of Orange The Bill of Rights(权利法案) A country of constitutional monarchy
British Literature
-
3
The 17th Century
3 Literary Achievements Charles Ⅰ, drama’s new form: satiric
1642 The English civil war
1653 Oliver Cromwell( the lord Protector of Britain)
British Literature
-
2
The 17th Century
2 The Glorious Revolution(光荣革命) 1688, James’s daughter Mary and her
British Literature
-
8
In 1576, studied law
A few months later, joined Sir Amias Paulet, the English ambassador to Paris
In 1579, returned to England at the death of his father
生活的理想,就是为了理想 地生活。
爱情就像银行里存一笔钱， 能欣赏对方的优点，就像补 充收入；容忍对方缺点，这 是节制支出。所谓永恒的爱， 是从红颜爱到白发，从花开 爱到花残。
British Literature
-
5
family
Father:Sir Nicholas Bacon(Lord Keeper of the
British Literature
-
6
Francis Bacon (1561-1626)
The youngest of 5 sons of Sir Nicholas Bacon, Was born at York House on the Strand in London
Received an education at home in his early years because of his poor health
Francis Bacon (1561-1626)
The 17th Century
1 The Puritan revolution James Ⅰ, Charles Ⅰ(1649)
Puritan: the common people and the king are equal, simpler manner of worship (the Anglican Church)
Deep in debt, he was charged by a Parliamentary Committee of corruption.（贪 污，腐败）
British Literature
-
10
Was sentenced to a fine of ￡40, 000 and was imprisoned in the Tower of London
Parliament declared Bacon incapable of holding any future office or sitting in parliament（国会）
Then, devoted himself to writing
In March, 1626, he came to London, and died in shame.
British Literature
-
11
Literary Career
1605 The Advancement of Learning
(in English) 《学术的推进》
1620 Novum Organum
(in Latin, New Instrument)《新工具》
Inductive Method
Seal under Queen Elizabeth I)
Mother: Anne Cook(Daughter of Sir Anthoony Cook) Second wife
Brothers and sisters: 5 brother and 1 sister from his father’s first wife
1626 De Augmentis
(in Latin)《广学论》
1626 The New Atlantis
At 12, entered Trinity College, Cambridge At Cambridge, met Queen Elizabeth, who
called him “the young Lord Keeper”
British Literature
-
7
Cambridge trinity college(1573)
Got into debt and took up his residence in law at Gray’s Inn
In 1582, was called to the Bar（律师资格）
In 1584, entered the House of Commons
British Literacame knighted （授予爵位）under James I
In 1618, became Lord High Chancellor（大法 官）, the head of the legal system of England
His public career ended in disgrace in 1621.