最新中考英语动词搭配辨析

中考英语动词搭配辨析

1. 辨析take；cost；spend；pay

主语为人的有spend和pay；主语为物的有cost；主语常为“it”的有take.

（1）spend多用人作主语，后接金钱或时间。spend…on sth / (in)doing sth，例如：I spent 15 yuan on this new book.

（2）take常用于"It takes sb. some time to do sth" 句型中，例如：

It often takes me half an hour to go to school by bike every day.

（3）pay常与for连用，表“付给……款”。例如：

I paid 15 Yuan for this new book.

（4）cost常用物作主语，表“价值或花费多少钱”，例如：

This new book cost me 15 Yuan.

【例题】How much money did you in fixing your watch?

A. cost

B. pay

C. spend

2. 辨析bring; take; get；carry

（1）bring指将某物或某人从离说话人较远处“拿来”或“带来”，由远及近。例如：You’d better finish you homework today and bring it to school tomorrow.

May I bring Tom along?Bring the book to me, please.

（2）take指将某物或某人从离说话人较近处“带到”或“拿到”离说话人较远处，由近及远。例如：

Could you take the book to the classroom? I am busy now.

（3）get指从说话人所在位置到别处把某物拿来。例如：

Will you get that book for me?

（4）carry不强调动作来去的方向，只说明动作方式，表示“背着、扛着、提着、载着”等含义。例如

The buses and taxis are carry people here and there.

The box is so heavy that the little boy can’t carry it.

【例题】I don’t know where Wenchuan Country is.

---- Let me a map of China for you.

A. take

B. bring

C. fetch

D. carry

3. 辨析take part in；join

take part in 指“参加某活动、比赛”。

join 指“加入某组织或人群

【例题】Many famous pop stars the charity show.

A. join

B. take part in

C. took part in

4. 辨析put on；wear；dress ；in

put on 表“穿上”，强调穿衣的动作，后接衣服作宾语，代词放中间。

Here is your coat. Put it on, Lucy.

He put on his new pair of sunglasses and went out.

wear 表“穿着”，强调穿的状态，后接衣服作宾语。

-“What is she wearing?”

- “She’s wearing a red hat and a blue jacket.”

dress 表“给…穿衣服”，宾语为人。

My mother is dressing herself.

My little brother is too young. Mom dresses him every morning.

in 后多接衣服的颜色，表示“穿着……颜色衣服的”。例如：

The man in black is my father.

Have you seen a boy in a red sweater?

【例题】Can you_____ your little brother? I’m busy now.

--- OK. I’ll do it right now.

A. wear

B. put on

C. dress

D. in

5. 辨析have been to；have gone to

have been to 表“曾经去过某地”（已经回来了）。

have gone to表“已经去了某地”（还没回）

【例题】Maria is wanted on the telephone. Where is she?

---- She ________ the library. You can find her there.

A. has been to

B. has gone to

C. has left

D. will leave

6. 辨析tell; talk; say; speak

tell表“告诉，讲述”，多为及物动词，后面多接两个宾语。

I will tell him the news as soon as he comes back tomorrow.

Granny often tells me funny stories.

The policeman told us not to play football in the street again.

talk表“交谈、谈论”，talk多是不及物动词，常与with/to/about搭配使用再接宾语。如：They are talking about their friends now.

I will talk to your father about your health next time.

Mr. Zhang is going to give us a talk at the meeting.

say表“说”作及物动词，后接说话的内容做宾语。

Did you say goodbye to your granny?

speak表“讲”后接某种语言作宾语，打电话时常用它表示说话，也有“演讲”的意思，不强调说话的内容。

We can speak Chinese and English.

May I speak to Henry?

He will speak at the meeting tonight.

【例题】Our English teacher often us stories in English.

A. tells

B. speaks

C. talks

7. 辨析look up；look for；find；find out

look up 表“查找”后接“词典、书、电话簿”等。

look for 表“寻找”强调找的动作。

find 表“找到”强调结果。

find out 表“找出，发现，查明”。

【例题】What's the matter ?

----I am having trouble ____ who has taken my book.. (2008山东青岛)

A. finding

B. looking for

C. finding out

D. looking up

8. 辨析reach；arrive；get

这三个单词都可表“到达”，但只有reach是及物动词，后可直接接地名.

We reached Shanghai at eight on Monday.

arrive 须与in/at连用，arrive in+大地名，arrive at+小地名.

We have already arrived in Shanghai.

They arrived at school at 6:30 yesterday.

get须与to连用，即get to+地名。

I got to the Capital Cinema at 9:00.

注意：当表示到达here, there, home时，arrive或get后不要加介词。

When did you get home? When will you arrive there?

【例题】It's reported the Olympic flame for 2008 Beijing Games________Beijing International Airport on March 31, 2008.

A. reached to

B. arrived at

C. got at

D. entered in

9. 辨析lend; borrow; keep

borrow指其逻辑主语从别处或别人那里“借来”东西，常与介词from连用。例如：May I borrow some money from you?

You can borrow books from the library.

lend指其逻辑主语将东西“借出、借给”别人，常与介词to连用，lend sth. to sb.把某物借给某人。例如：

Could you lend me some money?

The library lends books to the students.

keep指“保存”，是延续性动词，与表示一段时间的时间状语连用，而其它两个是非延续性动词。例如：

How long may I keep the book? I have kept the book for 3 weeks.

【例题】You have my dictionary for two weeks.

A. lent

B. borrowed

C. kept

10. 辨析forget; leave

forget表“遗忘某物”，后不接地点。

leave表“把某物遗忘在某处”，后接地点。

【例题】This morning I went to school in such a hurry that I my notebook at home.

A. left

B. forgot

C. lost

11. 辨析receive; accept

receive的意思是“收到了……”，只表示收到某物，并不表明同意或不同意接受的含义。例如：

I received a gift from her, but I returned it back to her this morning.

accept表示“接受……”，“同意接纳……”。如接受物体、邀请、批评等，反义词为refuse。

He received an invitation from her and accepted it happily.

【例题】I _________a strange gift yesterday, and I still don’t know who it was from.

A. took

B. accepted

C. received

D. brought

12. 辨析win；beat

win表“赢”，后面接的不是被打败的对手，而是比赛本身、游戏、战争、名次、奖品等。例如：

Our football team won the football game by 3 to 1.

beat表示“赢”或“打败”，后面要接被打败的对手。例如：

Our football team beat theirs by 3 to 1.。

【例题】Our team the match. We’ve got the first place.

A. hit

B. beat

C. won

13. 辨析be made of；be made from

两者都指“由…制成”，be made of 看得出原料；be made from看不出原料

【例题】The desks are made ______ wood.

A. from

B. of

C. in

D. by

14. 辨析hope ；wish

它们都可表“希望”，它们后都可以接动词不定式和宾语从句。

wish接的宾语从句常用过去时态表难以实现的愿望，wish可以接双宾语。

hope接的宾语从句常用将来时态，一般表示能够实现的希望，hope 不能接双宾语。

hope to do sth (√) hope sb to do sth (×) wish sb to do sth (√)

hope sb sth (×) wish sb sth (√)

【例题】_________you good luck in the new year!-----The same to you.

A. Hope

B. Want

C. Wish

D. Like

15. 辨析sound；listen；hear

sound 表“听起来”是系动词，常接形容词作表语。

listen表“听”是不及物动词，须与to 连用才能接宾语，表示听的动作。

hear 表“听见、听到”，强调听的结果

【例题】Can you ____ some animals？

A. hear

B. listen to

C. look

16. 辨析look；see；watch；read

look看，表动作，须与at 连用才能接宾语，表“朝…看”，强调看的方向。

see表“看到”，强调看的结果。

watch表“观看”，尤其指看活动的画面，如电视，球赛等

read读书看报等文字材料。例如：My father is reading newspaper now.

【例题】I the blackboard carefully, and I my name on it.

A. looked at; watched

B. looked at; saw

C. watched; saw

17. 辨析reply; answer

reply表“回复、答复”，是不及物动词, 常与to连用后才能接宾语。

H e didn’t want to reply to my questions.

answer表“回答、答复”，是及物动词，后面可直接接宾语。

【例题】You must me soon.

A. answer to

B. reply to

C. write

18. 辨析lie; lay

（1）lie有多个意思：表示“躺；展示；位于”时，其变化是：lay,lain, lying；

表示“说谎”时，其变化是：lied, lied, lying

I saw an old man lying on the street.

Don’t believe him. He always lies.

（2）lay的含意是“放置、产卵”等。其变化是：laid, laid, laying.

I can’t find my boo k anywhere. I remember that I laid it on the desk last night.

19. 辨析join; join in;take part in

都表示“参加”。

Join ①指加入某组织并成为其中一员。When did your brother join the army?

②和某人一道做某事，其结构为：join sb.in (doing) sth.,根据上下文,in (doing) sth.也

可以省去.如：

Will you join us in the discussion?你参加我们的讨论吗?

He’ll join us in singing the song.他将和我们一道唱歌.

join in多指参加小规模的活动如“球赛、游戏”等,常用于日常口语。如：

Come along,and join in the ball game.

take part in 指参加会议或群众性活动等,着重说明句子主语参加该项活动并在活动中发挥作用.如：

We’ll take part in social practice during the summer vacation.

20. 辨析get;turn;become

这三个词都可作系动词用，表示状态的变化，后跟表语，但三个词的用法稍有不同。get 强调情感、气候和环境的变化；turn强调色彩的变化；而become则强调职务、职称等的变化。如：

The days are getting shorter and shorter in winter．冬天的白天越来越短。

She couldn't answer the question and her face turned red．她回答不出问题，脸红了。

When did you become a teacher? - Ten years ago.你什么时候当的老师？十年前。

一、英语阅读理解专项练习试卷

1．阅读理解

Many cars in advertisements are red, blue or green but almost 75 percent of new cars sold are black, white, silver or grey.

A survey shows people prefer the car colors that don't show dirt such as grey. That means the owners can wash their cars less, saving money. Besides, some areas that are short of water do not allow people to wash their cars often.

According to another survey, white cars are often sold more than cars of other colors. In China, car buyers say white makes a small car look bigger. Car buyers in other countries also like white. And the research also suggests that there is a lower risk of accidents during the day for white cars compared with darker ones. People also think the temperature inside white cars is lower than that in cars of other colors.

At present, every year about 11 percent of cars sold are red and 8 percent are blue. Green has become less popular. In the mid 1990s, green was the most popular color in many places of the world. But today, green cars are hard to find.

Sometime in the future, people may not have to choose the color of their car technology may let owners change their car's paint color anytime.

（1）You can often see cars in advertisements.

A. white

B. black

C. red

D. silver

（2）Car buyers choose grey because they .

A. can wash their cars less

B. don't need to wash cars

C. can pay less money for cars

D. don't allow washing cars

（3）According to the passage, white cars look than those of other colors.

A. safer

B. darker

C. cheaper

D. bigger

（4）Green cars .

A. make up 11% of the cars sold

B. are hard to find all the time

C. were the most popular in the mid 1990s

D. were less popular than blue cars in the past （5）In the future, we can .

A. choose cars in all colors

B. paint our cars any color anywhere

C. buy cars in all colors

D. change our car's paint color anytime

【答案】（1）C

（2）A

（3）A

（4）C

（5）D

【解析】【分析】大意：本文讲述车的颜色，以及使用某些颜色的原因。

（1）细节题。根据Many cars in advertisements are red,可知，广告里的车的颜色是经常是红色的，故选C。

（2）细节题。根据A survey shows people prefer the car colors that don't show dirt such as grey. That means the owners can wash their cars less, 可知，车的用户选择灰色的车，因为他们可以更少洗车，故选A。

（3）细节题。根据the research also suggests that there is a lower risk of accidents during the day for white cars compared with darker ones.可知，研究表明白色的车比其他颜色的车更安全，故选A。

（4）推断题。根据In the mid 1990s, green was the most popular color in many places of the world. 可知，在20世纪90年代绿色的是世纪很多地方最受欢迎的颜色，推出绿色的车那时应该是最受欢迎的，故选C。

（5）细节题。根据Sometime in the future, people may not have to choose the color of their car technology may let owners change their car's paint color anytime.可知，将来，我们可以在任何时候改变我们车的漆的颜色，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题和推断题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题需要从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。

2．阅读理解

Happiness is important for everyone. Most people want to be happy, but few know how to

find happiness. Here is a story to help you.

Once a bird lived unhappily. So it traveled far away to look for its happiness. It flew and flew. Suddenly it saw a spider climbing up a wall. The spider fell off the wall halfway. But it kept climbing again and fell off again. Even so, the spider didn't give up. The little bird asked the spider in surprise. "Why don't you have pain but happiness on your face though you fail again and again?"

"Because I keep making my efforts. I'm happy." said the spider.

Then the little bird saw it happiness is a will in the heart.

The bird continued flying and saw a lame duck help a little duck who got lost to find the way back home. Although it was disabled, it had a smiling face.

"I'm happy because I can help others." said the lame duck. So the bird saw it happiness is a love in the heart.

The bird went on flying and suddenly saw a little dying flower, whose face was full of smile. The bird didn't know the reason. So it asked the little flower, "You're going to die. Why are you still so happy?" "Because my dream will come true," said the little flower." What is your dream?" "To produce sweet fruit." The little bird saw it: happiness is a hope in the heart.

So the little bird no more looked for happiness because it had seen the truth happiness is not in the faraway place but in your own heart. You are the maker of your own happiness.

（1）Who never gave up though it failed again and again in this passage?

A. The bird.

B. The spider.

C. The flower.

D. The duck.

（2）Why is the little dying flower still so happy?

A. Because it often helps others.

B. Because it'll produce sour fruit.

C. Because it has a hope in the heart.

D. Because it keeps climbing up a wall.

（3）What can we know from the story?

A. The bird found happiness in its own heart.

B. The bird found happiness in the faraway place.

C. The bird didn't know where happiness was at last.

D. The lame duck wasn't happy because it had to help others.

（4）Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

A. Happiness is important for everyone.

B. Many people know how to find happiness.

C. We make happiness by ourselves.

D. The way to happiness is to have a dream, to help others and not to give up.

（5）The passage is mainly about .

A. will

B. hope

C. love

D. happiness

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）A

（4）B

（5）D

【解析】【分析】本文主要谈论了一个如何获得幸福的问题。

（1）细节题。根据 The spider fell off the wall halfway. But it kept climbing again and fell off again. Even so, the spider didn't give up 可知蜘蛛从不放弃，故选B。

（2）推理题。根据 "Because my dream will come true," said the little flower." What is your dream?" "To produce sweet fruit." The little bird saw it: happiness is a hope in the heart. 可知因为它心里有希望，故选C。

（3）推理题。根据So the little bird no more looked for happiness because it had seen the truth happiness is not in the faraway place but in your own heart. You are the maker of your own happiness. 可知这只鸟在自己的心里找到了幸福，故选A。

（4）细节题。根据but few know how to find happiness. 可知几乎没有人知道如何找到幸福，故B选项是错的，故选B。

（5）主旨题。本文主要谈论了一个如何获得幸福的问题，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，和主旨题3种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

3．阅读理解

The secret of happiness

An old man walked slowly with a cane(手杖)into the restaurant .His old jacket, worn-out shoes and warm personality made him stand out from the usual crowd.

A young waitress watched him move toward a table by the window. She ran over to him, and said: “Here, sir……let me help you with that chair.”

Without saying a word, he smiled and nodded(点头)a thank you. She pulled the chair away

from the table and helped him sit. Then she put his came against the table.

“Thank you, miss.”he said, kindly.

“You're welcome, sir.”she said.

After he had finished his breakfast, the waitress brought him the change(零钱)from his bill. He left it on the table. She helped him up and walked with him to the front door.

When she went to clean his table, she found a business card under his plate and note on a napkin(纸巾). Under the napkin was a 100-dollar bill.

The note on the napkin read: “Dear miss, I respect you very much and I can see you respect yourself, too. It shows by the way you treat others. (3)You have found the secret of happiness. Your kindness will shine through to all those who meet you.”

The man she had waited on was the owner of the restaurant where she worked. This was the first time that she or any of the other workers had ever seen him in person.

By Steve Brunkhorst

（1）The old man left﹩100 under the napkin because he

A. had a habit of giving tips to waitresses

B. thought the meal was delicious

C. wanted to thank the waitress for her good attitude

D. learned the secret of happiness from the waitress

（2）What do we know about the waitress and the old man?

A. The waitress knew who the old man was from the note.

B. The waitress knew the old man before she served him.

C. The old man wanted to have the waitress as his secretary.

D. It was the first time that the waitress had ever seen her boss.

（3）We can tell from the story that the old man went to the restaurant to .

A. have a good meal

B. enjoy good service

C. see the restaurant for himself

D. show his love for common people

【答案】（1）C

（2）D

（3）C

【解析】【分析】本文叙述了一位餐馆的女服务员态度友好的为每一个客人服务从而获得幸福的故事。有一天，一位穿着破旧的老人，拄着拐杖来餐馆吃早餐，这个女服务员，热情的为他服务，老人非常尊重她的服务态度，留给她100美元的小费，并且告诉她已经找到了生活的幸福。（1）C推理判断题。第二段的help you with that chair和第三段的helped him sit 可知这个女服务员帮助了他，所以此处老人留下100美元应是感谢这个女服务员的。故选C。