大学英语上试题带答案1

1. Experts say that work on the new bridge will cost a(n) ________ five million pounds.A). aboutB)estimatedC)almostD)nearly2. Please __________ sure that the house is locked before you leave.A)makeB)takeC)doD)let3. Oxford has Britain’s oldest public museum which was ___________ in 1683.A)foundB)findingC)foundingD)founded4. Some people think a fast car is a _________ of power and strength.A)viewB)symbolC)ideaD)sense5. The teacher said Tom is ____________ average in his lessons.A). onB)aboveC)overD)up6. There was ____________ agreement that it was a splendid wedding.A)ordinaryB)universalC)anniversaryD)reversal7. We need to _________ the quality of our goods but not increase the price.A)remainB)retainC)stayD)maintain8. The plan____ in the days before costs became so great.A)had formulatedB)was formedC)was formulatedD). had formed9. The decay of food can usually be _________ by the sense of smell.A)foundB)receivedC)detectedD)protected10. She was____ to leave when Martin arrived, so she stayed a little longer.A)nearB)almostC)aboutD)just11. I’m not particular ____________ my clothes; I don’t mind what I wear.A)inB)withC)aboutD)for12. When you do not understand a word, you can look it _________ in this dictionary.A)onB)withC)forD)up13. I think that she must be a relation of ____.A)theirsB)themC)theirD)they’s14. There are some famous sayings in ____of the magazine.A)the faceB)the beginningC)the initialD)the front15. Shall I _________ you up at the airport tomorrow morning?A)sendB)pickC)seeD)look16. The party leader is an extreme left-winger, but his deputy is more____ in his views.A)modestB)moderateC)monitorD)modern17. In learning a foreign language, various forms of practice are good __________.A)disciplinesB)theoriesC)techniquesD)skills18. He has been trying hard to hold ___________ his temper.A)up toB)in toC)down toD)on to19. He ______________ his arms in front of him as if he were praying to God.A)intendedB)extendedC)includedD)excluded20. All the students must wear _________ at our school.A)costumesB)hatsC)uniformsD)shoes21.He _____ his book on the desk last night.A)lieB)laidC)layD)lain22. Some airplanes are __________ going 1,000 miles an hour.A)able ofB)possible ofC)probable ofD)capable of23. I want you to ______________ each sum of the money you spent.A)amount toB)account forC)aim toD)intend to24. How soon can I be ____as a member of the school football team?A)receivedB)admittedC)allowedD)permitted25. When he heard how well the new company was doing, he took a calculated _________ and invested all his money in it.A)ventureB)chanceC)opportunityD)risk26. The young man managed ____from his parents where he was going.A)concealingB)concealedC)to concealD)having concealed27. He says what he thinks, ______________ other people’s feelings.A)despite ofB)in view ofC)in charge ofD)regardless of28. I _____________ aside my overcoat and took out my summer clothes.A)makeB)takeC)setD)bring29. Although they are brothers, they are entirely ____ each other .A)get along well withB)different fromC)satisfied withD)ashamed of30. How soon can I be____ as a member of the school football team?A)receivedB)admittedC)allowedD)permitted31. The young man managed____ from his parents where he was going.A)concealingB)concealedC)to concealD)having concealed32. My husband and I ______________ conflicting opinions on this matter.A)makeB). holdC)keepD)take33. The crowd started to _____________ when the night fell.A)break outB)break inC). break overD)break up34. Would you please ________ your visit for a few days, stay a few days longer?A)expandB)expandC)stretchD)extend35. I think the team’s performance was by the sudden rain.A)effectedB)affectedC)defectedD)infected36. Why are you talking in such a strange _______________?A)meansB)mannerC)matterD)measure37. Yesterday I went shopping and found a lot of ___________ in the sale.A)bargesB)bargainsC)barragesD)barracks38. This district has changed so much since I was last here that I hardly __________ it now.A). seeB)recognizeC)organizeD)admit39. The manager is responsible ________ making sure that the shop is run properly the whole day.A)inB)toC)forD)on40. The young Mr. Wang has in the army for twenty years.A)servicedB)servedC)maintainedD)stayedNewton was born in 1642 (the year in which Galileo died) in Lincolnshire. ##21## a boy he went to King’s School, ## 22## his name, cut with his own hands ##23## a window-sill, is still proudly shown today. ##24## school he was taught Latin and grammar, and ##25## few signs of his future genius. Indeed, he was considered dull until, having been kicked by a bigger boy who was ##26## him in class, he ##27## the fellow a good beating and set ##28## work to beat him in his studies too. We are told, however, that he was very ##29## minded and fond ##30## making windmills and model machines. This is ##31## special interest in view of his experimental skill in later years. ##32## still an undergraduate he discovered the Binomial Theorem in algebra. Just after he had ##33## his B.A. degree, he did some famous experiments ##34## the breaking up of white light into colors, and invented a new branch of mathematics known ##35## the calculus. At the age of twenty-six he became ##36## professor of mathematics, a post which he ##37## until he was fifty-four. During this period his greatest discoveries were ##38##. In 1696 he became Master of ##39## Mint, and gave up his scientific ##40##. He was knighted by Queen Anne in 1705. In 1729, at the age of eighty-five, he died and was buried in Westminster Abbey.1.A)WhenB)WhileC)AsD)For2.A)whenB)whereC)whichD)what3.A)uponB)aboveC)overD)at4.A)OverB)WithC)InD)At5.A)revealedB)heldC)showedD)kept6.A)overB)aboveC)onD)of7.A)hurledB)ThrewC)sentD)gave8.A)toB)withC)onD)for9.A)mechanicalB)mechanicallyC)mechanicsD)mechanic10.A)onB)atC)ofD)in11.A)ofB)onC)inD)with12.A)WhatB)WhenC)AsD)While13.A)takenB)heldC)keptD)carried14.A)forB)ofC)onD)at15.A)forB)asC)toD)before16.A)oneB)aC)theD)/17.A)heldB)takenC)takenD)taken18.A)builtB)producedC)madeD)did19.A)aB)theC)oneD)/20.A)workB)jobC)positionD)postAmerican society is not nap-friendly. In fact, says David Dinges, a sleep specialist at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, “There’s even a prohibition against admitting we need sleep.” Nobody wants to be caught napping or found asleep at the switch. To quote an obscure proverb: “Some sleep five hours, nature require s seven, laziness nine and wickedness eleven.” Wrong. The way not to fall asleep at the switch is to take naps when you need them. “We have to totally change our attitude toward napping,” says Dr. William Dement of Stanford University, the godfather of sleep research. Last year a national commission led by Dement identified an “American sleep debt,” which one member said was as important as the national debt. The commission was concerned about the dangers of sleepiness: people causing industrial accidents or falling asleep while driving. This may be why we have a new sleep policy in the White House. According to recent reports, President Clinton is trying to take a half-hour snooze every afternoon. About 60% of American adults nap when given the opport unity. We seem to have “a mid-afternoon quiescent phase,” also called “a secondary sleep gate.” Sleeping 15 minutes to two hours in the early afternoon can reduce stress and improve alertness. Clearly, we were born to nap. We Superstars of Snooze don’t n ap to replace lost shut-eye or to prepare for a night shift. Rather, we “snack” on sleep, whenever, wherever and at whatever time we feel like it. Call it somnia. I myself have napped in buses, cars, planes and on boats; on floors, couches and beds; and in libraries, offices and museums.There is an exquisite pleasure in giving oneself over to drowsiness, particularly if you’re supposed to be doing something else. And we should all note, napping is one of the few pleasures left that are not life-threatening. The pathologically alert like to think they get more done than nappers. Wrong again. Winston Churchill slept every afternoon when he was the wartime Prime Minister of England. Napoleon napped on the battlefield. Calvin Coolidge, Lyndon Johnson and John Kennedy all took naps. If there is to be a transformation of American sleep behavior, we nappers, the sleep elite, will have to share our “sleeping skills” with those less fortunate than we are, or the nap-impaired. For starters, here are a few of my favorite naps. At work: Nap freedom, to me, is as great an incentive as money or power. Sleeping at work is superbly satisfying, and in some cases necessary. Truck drivers should pull over at the first sign of drowsiness — as should anyone operating machinery, including a word processor. In class: These naps can be pleasant because of the risk involved. I once succumbed to drowsiness in a high-school French class and was awakened by my teacher singing, “Frere Jackques, Frere Jacques, dormezvous?” Willia m Dement has designated sleeping sections in his courses at Stanford. At a concert: Sleeping (discreetly) at a concert can be among life’s great experiences. One rides the music, wafted this way and that on themes and leitmotifs. Wagner in particular promotes vivid dreams. Best nap of all: Myall-time-favorite way to snooze is in a hammock on a screened-in porch, on a mild summer day and — this is what makes it perfect — a huge, important book on my chest, open and unread. Such napping says much about the principles we live by —and sleep by. There’s the story told about a young playwright who once asked a famous author to view a rehearsal of his new play. The author slept through the whole thing. Afterward the young man complained, saying he really ha d wanted the author’s opinion. In a pithy summation of the committed napper’s view of life, the author replied, “Sleep is an opinion.”1. It is commonly accepted in American society that too much sleep is ________.A)unreasonableB)criminalC)harmfulD)costly2. The research done by the Commission shows that Americans _______.A)don’t like to take napsB)are terribly worried about their national debtC)sleep less than is good for themD)have caused many industrial and traffic accidents3. The purpose of this article is to ______.A)warn us of the wickedness of nappingB)explain the danger of sleepinessC)discuss the side effects of nappingD)convince the reader of the necessity of napping4. The “American debt” is the result of ______.A)the traditional misconception the Americans have about sleepB)the new sleep policy of Clinton AdministrationC)the rapid development of American industryD)the Am erican’s worry about the danger of sleepiness5. The sentence “Rather, we ‘snack’ on sleep, whenever, wherever and at whatever time we feel like it.” means that it is ______.A)preferable to have a sound sleep before a night shiftB)good practice to eat something light before we go to bedC)essential to make up for lost sleepD)natural to take a nap whenever we feel the need for itThe amount of sleep each person needs depends on many factors, including age. Infants generally require about 16 hours a day, while teenagers need about 9 hours on average. For most adults, 7 to 8 hours a night appears to be the best amount of sleep, although some people may need as few as 5 hours or as many as 10 hours of sleep each day. Women in the first 3 months of pregnancy often need several more hours of sleep than usual. The amount of sleep a person needs also increases if he or she had been deprived of sleep in previous days. Getting too little sleep creates a “sleep debt”, which is much like being overd rawn at a bank. Eventually, your body will demand that the debt be repaid. We don’t seem to adapt to getting less sleep than we need; while we may get used to a sleep-depriving schedule, our judgment, reaction time, and other functions are still impaired. People tend to sleep more lightly and for shorter time spans as they get older, although they generally need about the same amount of sleep as they needed in early adulthood. About half of all people over 65 have frequent sleeping problems, such as insomnia, and deep sleep stages in many elderly people often become very short or stop completely. This change may be a normal part of aging, or it may result from medical problems that are common in elderly people and from the medications and other treatments for those problems. Experts say that if you feel drowsy during the day, even during boring activities, you haven’t had enough sleep. If you routinely fall asleep within 5 minutes of lying down, you probably have severe sleep deprivation, possibly even a sleep disorder. Microsleeps, or very brief episodes of sleep in an otherwise awake person, are another mark of sleep deprivation. In many cases, people are not aware that they are experiencing microsleeps. The widespread practice of “burning the candle at both ends” in western industrialized societies has created so much sleep deprivation that what is really abnormal sleepiness is now almost the norm. Many studies make it clear that sleep deprivation is dangerous. Sleep-deprived people who are tested by using a driving simulatoror by performing a hand-eye coordination task perform as badly as or worse than those who are intoxicated. Sleep deprivation also magnifies alcohol’s effects on the body, so a fatigued person who drinks will become much more impaired than someone who is well rested. Driver fatigue is responsible for an estimated 100,000 motor vehicle accidents and 1,500 deaths each year, according to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Since drowsiness is the brain’s last step before falling asleep, driving while drowsy can — and often does — lead to disaster. Caffeine and other stimulants cannot overcome the effects of severe sleep deprivation. The National Sleep Foundation says that if you have trouble keeping your eyes focused, if you can’t stop yawning, or if you can’t remember driving the last few miles, you are probably too drowsy to drive safely.6. Which of the following statements about “sleep debt” is true according to the passage?A)If you owe a sleep debt, you have to pay back for it.B)You will get used to the sleep debt quickly and forget it.C)Sleep debt has nothing to do with one’s health.D)If you sleep more time than you need in previous days, then you can sleep less than normal in the following days.7. Which of the following doesn’t belong to the mark of sleep deprivation?A)You always stay up late in the evening and feel sleepy when you begin to work in the next morning.B)You fall asleep very quickly even when you are sitting on a chair.C)You often get awake in the middle night several times.D)You have to take a nap during your work time.8. Which of the following conditions often happens to the old people especially people over 65 years old?A)They need more sleep time than their early adulthood.B)They seldom get awake during the sleep time even though there is great noise.C)They often feel sleepy during the daytime.D)They can not fall asleep in the middle night and easily wake up during the night.9. “Burning the candle at both ends” means .A)“being completely consumed and thus no longer alight”B)“going to bed late and getting up early”C)“reading or working late into the night”D)“becoming completely exhausted through overwork”10. Which of the following belongs to the abnormal sleepiness?A)Drowsiness during the day.B)Deep sleep at night.C)Microsleeps.D). Both A and C.Like most people, I was brought up to look upon life as a process of getting. It was not until in my late thirties that I made this important discovery: giving-away makes life so much more exciting. One discovery I made about giving away is that it is almost impossibleto give away anything in this world without getting something back, though the return often comes in an unexpected form. One Sunday morning the local post office delivered an important special delivery letter to my home, though it was addressed to me at my office. I wrote the postmaster a note of appreciation. More than a year later I needed a post-office box for a new business I was starting. I was told at the window that there were no boxes left, and that my name would have to go on a long waiting list. As I was about to leave, the postmaster appeared in the doorway. He had overheard our conversation. “Wasn’t it you that wrote us that letter a year ago about delivering a special delivery to your home?” I said it was. “Well, you certainly are going to have a box in this post office if we have to make one for you. You don‘t know what a letter like that means to us. We usually get nothing but complaints.”11. At first the author looked upon life as a process of getting. He formed this view of life because _ .A)other people were selfishB)he thought it exciting to get from othersC)of his early educationD) of his character12. The author wrote a note of appreciation to the post office because .A)he knew what such a note would mean to the post officeB)he had discovered giving-away made life more excitingC)he believed he would get something back by doing soD)the postman delivered an important letter in time13. When the author needed a post-office box .A)many had applied for post-office boxes before himB)he asked to put his name on a waiting listC)he tried to see the postmasterD)he wrote the postmaster a note of appreciation14. The postmaster promised ______________.A)to make a new post-office box for the authorB)to let the author have a post-office boxC)to include the author’s name on the listD)to deliver the author’s mail to his home15. The postmaster interfered because _______________.A)he overheard their conversationB)he had received a lot of complaints for lack of boxesC)he was thankful for the letter the author had writtenD). he was proud of their good serviceConventional wisdom says it’s the students who get straight A’s blow the roof of the SAT (Sc holastic Aptitude Test) and go to Ivy League colleges. Or maybe it’s the children born into wealthy families with brilliant connections. Neither is typical, says Thomas J. Stanley, who surveyed 1300 millionaires for his new book, The Millionaire Mind. The average millionaire made B’s and C’s in college, Stanley says. Their average SAT score was 1190—not good enough to get into many top-notch schools. In fact, most millionaires weretold they were not intellectually gifted, not smart enough to succeed. “I find no correlation between SAT scores, grade point averages and economic achievement. None.” said Stanley. “Admittedly, there are some very bright people in the data, but not many.” Instead of relying on natural genius, millionaires choose careers that match their abilities, Stanley said. They may not have great analytic intelligence, but they are creative and practical. They focus on a goal, take calculated risks and then work harder than most people. It’s a lesson Stanley has taken to heart. The author, who lives in Atlanta, has gotten rich himself by writing about the rich. So he took time off to write what he calls “the home-run book.” The Millionaire Next Door, written with researcher William D. Danko of Albany, N.Y., was published in 1996. It has been on The New York Times Best Sellers list for more than 150 weeks. In The Millionaire Mind, Stanley studied even richer millionaires — the top 1% of households. These people had an average net worth of $9.2 million and earned $749,000 a year. And almost none of them credit their success to being smart. They say the keys to success are being honest and disciplined, getting along with people, having a supportive spouse and working hard. “Somehow they figured out what they were good at,” Stan ley said. “They all said, I’ll be the best at this. This is what I really, really love to do.” One of his case studies is Donald Sonner, the 64-year-old head of Southern Bloomer Manufacturing Co. in Bristol, Tenn. Sonner’s only education was a single year of high school, but he was a millionaire by the time he was 24. How? His company takes scrap cloth and makes underwear for prisons and gun-cleaning patches. He got rich by working hard and capitalizing on an idea no one else had, Stanley said.16. Which of the following is NOT true about Thomas J. Stanley?A)He is the writer of The Millionaire Mind.B)He himself became rich by writing about the rich.C)He has found that one’s school grades and his economic achievement are closely related.D)One of his books, The Millionaire Next Door, has been on the list of Best Sellers.17. We can learn from the passage that .A)one who wants to be a millionaire must have high scores in college.B)natural intelligence is not so important a factor on deciding whether or not a person is able to become a millionaire.C)a child born into a rich family is likely to be a millionaire in the future.D)one can become rich by taking scrap cloth and making underwear for prisons.18. What are the keys to success according to the passage?A)honest and hardworking.B)smart and creativeC)intelligent and well-educatedD)self-disciplined and risk-taking19. What kinds of careers do millionaires choose?A)They choose the ones that are well-paid.B)They choose the ones that they’re capable of doing.C)They choose careers according to their natural genius.D)They choose the ones that supply them with room for their individualism.20. In the sentence “It’s a lesson Stanley has taken to heart”, “It” refers to .A)He himself has gotten rich by writing about the rich.B)Millionaires may not have great analytic intelligence.C)Books about millionaires will be very popular with readers.D)What he has found about millionaires in his survey.。