考研英语完型填空之答案详解

考研英语完型填空之答案详解LG GROUP system office room 【LGA16H-LGYY-LGUA8Q8-LGA162】摘选自星火图书《考研英语各个击破系列——完形填空三步突破法》Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) In 1924 American’ National Research Council sent to engineers to supervise a series of industrial experiments at a large telephone-parts factory called the Hawthorne Plant near Chicago. It hoped they would learn how stop-floor lignting__1__workers productivity. Instead, the studies ended __2___giving their name to the “Hawthorne effect”, the extremely influential idea that the very___3____to being experimented upon changed subject s’ behavior.The idea arose because of the __4____behavior of the women in the Hawthorne plant. According to __5____of the experiments, their hourly output rose when lighting was increased, but also when it was dimmed. It did not __6____what was done in the experiment; ___7_someting waschanged ,productivity rose. A(n)___8___that they were being experimented upon seemed to be ____9___to alter workers’ behavior ____10____itself.After several decades, the same data were _11__ to econometric the analysis. Hawthorne experiments has another surprise store _12 __the descriptions on record, no systematic _13__ was found that levels of productivity were related to changes in lighting.It turns out that peculiar way of conducting the experiments may be have let to__ 14__ interpretation of what 15___ , lighting was always changed on a Sunday .When work started again on Monday, output __16___ rose compared with the previous Saturday and__ 17 __to rise for the next couple of 18__ , a comparison with data for weeks when there was no experimentation showed that output always went up on Monday, workers__19__ to be diligent for the first few days of the week in any case , before __20 __a plateau and then slackening off. This suggests that the alleged” Hawthorne effect “ is hard to pin down.1. [A] affected [B] achieved [C] extracted [D] restored2. [A] at [B]up [C] with [D] off3. [A]truth [B]sight [C] act [D] proof4. [A] controversial [B] perplexing [C]mischievous [D] ambiguous5. [A]requirements [B]explanations [C] accounts [D] assessments6. [A] conclude [B] matter [C] indicate [D] work7. [A] as far as [B] for fear that [C] in case that [D] so long as8. [A] awareness [B] expectation [C] sentiment [D] illusion9. [A] suitable [B] excessive [C] enough [D] abundant10. [A] about [B] for [C] on [D] by11. [A] compared [B]shown [C] subjected [D] conveyed12. [A] contrary to [B] consistent with [C] parallel with [D] pealliar to13. [A] evidence [B]guidance [C]implication [D]source14. [A] disputable [B]enlightening [C]reliable [D]misleading15. [A] In contrast [B] For example [C] In consequence [D] As usual16. [A] duly [B]accidentally [C] unpredictably [D] suddenly17. [A]failed [B]ceased [C]started [D]continued18.[A]Therefore [B]Furthermore[C]However[D]Meanwhile19.[A]attempted[B]tended[C]chose[D]intended20. [A]breaking [B]climbing [C]surpassing [D]hiting1. [A]。

该句的已知信息为：希望他们(指派去指导实验的两名工程师)能够得知工作场所的照明如何工人的生产力。

对比四个选项，可知[A] affected“影响”符合句意。

[B] achieved“获得”、[C] extracted“榨取”和[D] restored“恢复”都不符合此处文意，均排除。

2. [B]。

该题考查动词end的搭配。

end不能与at和with构成固定搭配，所以首先排除[A]和[C]。

end up和end off都有“结束”之意，但end up作谓语时，之后可接名词、动名词、形容词或介词词组作补足语，根据原句的结构可以确定正确选项为[B]。

该句意思是：此项研究最终命名为“霍桑效应”。

3. [C]。

空格后的of being experimented upon为该题的定语，意为“接受实验的”，选项中只有[C] act“行为”符合“接受实验”的性质，为正确答案。

而[A] truth强调某件事情是真实情况，并非编造的，不符合语境，所以排除；[B]sight“景象；看法”和[D] proof“证据”与原文中“接受实验的”不搭配，排除。

4. [B]。

此处的形容词修饰behavior of the women in the Hawthorne plant(霍桑工厂里女工的表现)，结合下文可知，无论照明是变亮还是变暗，她们每小时的产量都有所提高，因此可以判断这种表现令人费解，故选[B] perplexing。

[A] controversia l“有争议的”、[C] mischievous“恶作剧的；有害的”和[D] ambiguous“模棱两可的”都不能描述下文中工人的行为，所以排除。

5. [C]。

该句的已知信息为：根据实验的，当灯光增强时，工人每小时的产量就会增加，而灯光变暗时，小时产量依然增加。

可以看出，题目后面的内容是实验所描述的情形，故选[C] accounts“描述”。

[A]requirements“要求”、[B]explanations“解释”和[D] assessments“估计”都不符合句意，所以排除。

6. [B]。

句子中的it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的名词性从句what was done in the experiment。

matter“有关系，要紧”往往用于否定句中，本处意思是“实验中做了什么并不重要”，故选[B]。

[A] conclude“结束；断定”和[D] work“起作用”不符合此处语境，排除；[C] indicate意为“表明”，通常作及物动词，和原句的结构不符合，所以排除。

7. [D]。

由该句的前一部分可知，无论实验中做了什么都不重要。

后半句进一步地解释某一方面发生改变，生产率会提高。

由句意可以判断，[D] as long as“只要”为正确选项，此处强调了无论是哪一方面发生变化，工人的生产率都会提高。

[A] asfar as表示范围、程度，意为“就……；至于”；[B] for fear that“唯恐”和[C] in case that“免得；以防”都不符合此处语境。

8. [A]。

该句中that they were being experimented upon(她们正在接受实验)是空格处的同位语从句，结合选项可知[A] awareness“意识”符合该从句的意思，本句的大意是说：工人知道自己本身是被研究对象这一意识就足以改变他们的行为。