定语从句总结
定语从句总结

定语从句总结
定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的修饰性从句,用于对先行词
或主句中的名词或代词进行进一步说明或限制。
以下是对定语从句的精辟
总结:
1. 关系代词引导定语从句,包括:who/whom(人),which(物),that(人或物),whose(表示所属关系)。
关系代词在从句中充当主语、宾语或定语。
2. 关系副词引导定语从句,包括:where(地点),when(时间),why(原因),how(方式),等等。
关系副词在从句中充当状语。
3.定语从句可以放在被修饰名词的前面或后面,但关系代词的选择要
根据从句在整个句子中的成分来确定。
同时,从句与先行词之间要有一定
的语义上的关联。
4.定语从句的谓语动词通常与关系代词或关系副词前面的先行词一致,并且从句的时态和语气要与主句保持一致。
5.定语从句可以进一步修饰名词或代词,使句子更具体、详细或限制性。
6.定语从句可以通过省略关系代词或谓语动词的形式来简化句子,但
被省略的部分仍然可以从整个上下文中推测出来。
7.定语从句的位置灵活,可以出现在句首、句中或句尾,但要注意从
句的语序和标点符号的使用。
总之,定语从句在英语中起到了丰富语言表达和精确交流的作用,掌
握好定语从句的用法可以帮助我们提高语言表达的准确性和表达能力。
定语从句归纳总结

定语从句一.几个基本概念1.定语从句的定义:用作定语的从句叫定语从句。
2.先行词:被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。
3.关系词:引导定语从句的词(包括关系代词和关系副词)。
﹙1﹚关系代词:that/who/whom/which/as/whose﹙2﹚关系副词:when/where/why4.关系词的功能:﹙1﹚连接先行词和定语从句。
﹙2﹚在定语从句中充当一定的成分(关系代词充当主语、宾语或表语,关系副词充当状语)。
5.定语从句的类型:(限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句)1.在形式上非限定性定语从句与主句有逗号隔开。
He always makes fun of me, which upsets me.2.非限定性定语从句的作用:它只是补充说明先行词的情况,翻译时可译成两个句子。
The engineer, whose leg was badly hurt, was quickly sent to hospital.(那位工程师被很快送往医院,其腿部受了重伤)The engineer whose leg was badly hurt was quickly sent to hospital.(那位腿部受了重伤的工程师被很快送往医院)二、关系代词1.who/that指人,作定语从句的主语,不能省略。
Do you know the gentleman who/that is sitting there?2.whom/who/that指人是宾格,作定语从句的宾语(动宾或介宾)。
①当作动宾(动词后接宾语)时,关系代词可省略。
Do you know the gentleman (whom/who/that) we met just now?②当作介宾(介词后接宾语)时:介词不提前时,关系代词可省略;介词提前时,关系代词不可省The man (whom/who/that) I spoke with is my teacher.The man with whom I spoke is my teacher.※注:固定的动词短语(动词+介词)如look for, take care of等不能把动词与介词拆开,既介词不能提至引导词前。
定语从句语法总结

定语从句语法总结定语从句是修饰名词或代词的从句,在句中充当定语的作用。
它可以用来进一步描述、限定或补充名词或代词的含义。
定语从句通常由关系代词或关系副词引导。
以下是一些关于定语从句的语法总结:1.关系代词:(1)主格:who,which,that- Who用于指人,作主语时代替的人- The person who is standing over there is my brother.- Which用于指物,作主语时代替的事物- The book which is on the table is mine.- That用于指人或物,作主语时代替的人或事物,比who和which 更常用- The man that is talking to Mary is her boss.(2)宾格:whom,which,that- Whom用于指人,作宾语时代替的人- The person whom I met yesterday is my teacher.- Which用于指物,作宾语时代替的事物- The book which I bought yesterday is very interesting.- That用于指人或物,作宾语时代替的人或事物,比whom和which 更常用- The man that I saw in the park is my neighbor.(3)所有格:whose- Whose用于指人或物,表示所有关系- The woman whose husband is a doctor is my aunt.2. 关系副词:when,where,why- When用于指时间,修饰表示时间的名词- The day when we met was sunny and beautiful.- Where用于指地点,修饰表示地点的名词- The city where I was born is very beautiful.- Why用于指原因,修饰表示原因的名词- The reason why he came late is that he missed the bus.注意事项:-在非限定性定语从句中,关系代词或关系副词前面需加逗号或分号- 关系代词who,which,that在口语和非正式的书面语中,常可省略-在定语从句中,关系代词或关系副词在从句中可以充当主语、宾语、表语或定语,并且其人称、数要与先行词保持一致-定语从句的谓语动词通常与先行词保持一致,但也有例外情况,如当先行词表示所有者时,谓语动词要与关系代词的先行词保持一致。
最全英语定语从句总结

最全英语定语从句总结定语从句(Adjective Clause)是用来修饰名词或代词的从句。
下面总结了最全的英语定语从句的用法。
1.关系代词引导定语从句:- 关系代词:who, whom, whose, which, that-关系代词在定语从句中的用法:- who/whom/whose:修饰人- which/that:修饰事物、动物2.常用句型:- 主格定语从句:The person who is standing there is my friend.- 宾格定语从句:The woman whom I talked to is a doctor.- 物主定语从句:The book whose cover is red belongs to me.- 非限制性定语从句:My brother, who lives in London, came to visit me.3.关系代词的选择:- who/that:表示人,可做主语或宾语- whom/that:表示人,只能做宾语- which/that:表示事物或动物,做主语或宾语- whose:表示物或人,表示所有关系4.关系副词引导定语从句:- 关系副词:where, when, why-关系副词在定语从句中的用法:- where:表示地点- when:表示时间- why:表示原因5.非限制性定语从句:-非限制性定语从句用逗号与句子主体隔开,几乎与主句无关,可以省略-非限制性定语从句对句子的主要内容起补充或解释作用- 非限制性定语从句中常用关系代词who, which, that 或者关系副词when6.定语从句省略:- 在定语从句中,如果从句主语和主句的主语相同并且是人称代词,可以省略关系代词who/whom/which/that7.定语从句中的动词形式:-定语从句中的谓语动词根据先行词的人称和数的特点进行变化,但受关系代词引导的从句不存在时态变化总之,定语从句是修饰名词或代词的从句,可以由关系代词或关系副词引导。
定语从句相关知识点总结

定语从句相关知识点总结一、定语从句的概念。
1. 在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。
- 例如:I like the book which/that is very interesting. 其中“book”是先行词,“which/that is very interesting”是定语从句,用来修饰“book”。
二、关系代词的用法。
1. that.- 既可以指人也可以指物,在从句中作主语或宾语。
- 当先行词是all, much, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, none等不定代词时,关系代词用that。
- 例如:All that can be done has been done.(先行词是“All”,关系代词“that”在从句中作主语)- 当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时,关系代词用that。
- 例如:This is the best film that I have ever seen.(先行词“film”被最高级“the best”修饰,关系代词“that”在从句中作宾语,可省略)- 当先行词被the only, the very, the same等修饰时,关系代词用that。
- 例如:This is the very book that I want.(先行词“book”被“the very”修饰,关系代词“that”在从句中作宾语)2. which.- 指物,在从句中作主语或宾语。
- 例如:The book which/that is on the desk is mine.(“which/that”在从句中作主语);I like the book which/that you lent me.(“which/that”在从句中作宾语)- 在非限制性定语从句(从句与主句之间用逗号隔开)中,只能用which,不能用that。
定语从句语法知识点总结

定语从句语法知识点总结定语从句是用来修饰一个名词或代词的句子,常常用来给出进一步的描述或限定。
以下是一些定语从句的语法知识点总结:1. 引导词:定语从句通常由关系代词(that, which, who, whom, whose)或关系副词(where, when, why)引导。
2.关系代词的选用:- that: 可以引导限定性和非限定性定语从句;用于人和物;- which: 用于非限定性定语从句,用于物;- who/whom: 用于人,在从句中作主语时用who,作宾语时用whom;- whose: 用于人和物,表示所属关系。
3.关系副词的选用:- where: 用于地点,在从句中作地点状语;- when: 用于时间,在从句中作时间状语;- why: 用于原因,在从句中作原因状语。
4.限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句:-限定性定语从句用来限定所修饰名词或代词的范围,不能省略,不用逗号与主句分开;-非限定性定语从句用来对前面的名词或代词进行补充说明,可以省略,用逗号与主句分开。
5.关系代词作宾语的省略:- 当关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时,可以省略:即省略关系代词that/which/who/whom,但要保留动词的宾语位置。
6.关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中的不同作用:-关系代词在定语从句中充当一个成分,可以作主语、宾语、表语等;-关系副词在定语从句中充当一个状语,只能作时间、地点或原因状语。
7.先行词和定语从句的一致性:-关系代词的单复数和人称应与其在定语从句中的先行词保持一致;- 关系代词whose引导的定语从句是表示所属关系的,后面的先行词是被关系代词修饰的名词。
需要注意的是,定语从句的位置可以是句首、句中或句尾,要根据具体情况进行调整。
(完整版)定语从句讲解总结

定语从句讲解一.定语从句1.注意英汉差异:汉语的定语无论多长都放在被修饰词的前面,而英语中的定语则不然,是一个词时,放在被修饰词的前面,如:①.a beautiful girl ②.a lovely boy是两个以上的词组、短语或从句则放在被修饰词的后面,如:③.She is the girl in red. 她就是穿红衣的女孩。
④.The lady carried a bag full of money. 那位女士背了个装满钱的包。
⑤.He is the man who you are looking for. 她就是你在找的人。
2.分清主句与从句,看究竟哪个句子缺少成分。
如上面第5:主句:He is the man从句:who you are looking for在从句中,looking for 的宾语是the man.因此选用关系代词 who(whom)放置于句首,便是定语从句。
3.从句中做宾语的关系代词可以省略,故第5题可以写成:He is the man you are looking for.二.定语从句(从句部分)1、功能:相当于形容词,修饰名词或代词,在句中作定语2、位置:定语从句置于被修饰词之后Those who are willing to attend the party, sign here please.3、先行词:被定语从句修饰的词称为先行词(1)先行词一般是名词和不定代词,如:some-, any-, every-和no与-boy, -thing的合成词;或all、none、any、some、that、those等代词。
数词也可以作先行词,人称代词也同样可作先行词。
(2)先行词与关系词是等量关系。
必须注意两点:①先行词在从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的数由先行词而定。
This is the place which is worth visiting.②关系词在从句句子中充当了成分,其意思就是先行词的意义,所以在从句中不能重复其意。
定语从句知识点总结详细

定语从句知识点总结详细一、定语从句的概念定语从句是一种对名词起修饰或限制作用的从句,它通常由关系词引导,用来进一步说明先行词的情况、属性或特征。
在句子中充当形容词,对名词进行修饰。
二、定语从句的用法1. 修饰名词定语从句通常用来修饰名词,对名词进行进一步的解释或者描述。
例如:The book that you recommended is very interesting.(你推荐的那本书非常有趣。
)2. 限制名词定语从句还可以作为限制性定语从句,用来对名词进行限定。
例如:I want to buy the pen which is on the table.(我想买桌子上的那支笔。
)三、定语从句的结构定语从句通常由关系代词或者关系副词引导,加上从句。
关系代词包括that, which, who, whom, whose等,关系副词有when, where, why等。
从句的结构可以是主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句等。
1. 关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词引导的定语从句通常用来修饰人或物,其结构如下:that(指人或物)which(指物)who(指人)whom(指人)whose(表所有关系)2. 关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词引导的定语从句通常用来修饰时间、地点、原因等,其结构如下:when(指时间)where(指地点)why(指原因)四、定语从句的关键词1. thatthat通常用来指代人或物,可以用来引导限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句,常用于口语和书面语中。
例如:The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting.(我昨天买的那本书非常有趣。
)2. whichwhich通常用来指代物,可以用来引导限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句,常用于口语和书面语中。
例如:I like the dress which you are wearing.(我喜欢你穿的那条裙子。
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五、关系副词: when 先行词为表示时间的名词,且 when 在定语从句中充当时间状语 when=表时间的介词(in, at, during 等)+which where 先行词为表示地点的名词,且 where 在定语从句中充当地点状语 where=表地点的介词(in, at, on, under 等)+which
why 先行词为 the reason, 且 why 在定语从句中充当原因状语 why=表原因的介词(for)+which 例句: 1. I’ll never forget the day when I met you. ==I’ll never forget the day on which I met you. (先行词为 the day, when 代指 the day 引导定语从句,在定语从句中做时间状语,指“I met you”的时间) 2. The building where he lives is very old.=The building in which he lives is very old. (先行词是 the building, where 代指 the building 引导定语从句,在定语从句中做地点状语, 指“he lives”的地点) 3. I know the reason why he was late this morning. =I know the reason for which he was late this morning. (先行词是 the reason, why 代指 the reason 引导定语从句,在定语从句中原因状语,指“he was late this morning”的原因)
四、关系代词的特殊用法 定语从句关系代词只能使用 that 的情况: 1. 当 先 行 词 是 不 定 代 词 all, much, little, few, something, anything, everything, nothing, none 等时,或是先行词被这些不定代词修饰时:只能用 that; There is nothing in the world that can frighten him. 在这个世界上没有什么事能吓到他。 2. 当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词 the first, the second…, the last 修饰时: This is the best novel (that) I know. The first English film that interested me was Gone with the Wind. 3. 当先行词被 the only,the very 修饰时: The only thing that matters is to find our way home. 4. 先行词既有人又有物时: They talked about the persons and things (that) they remembered in the school. 5. 当主句是由 who 或 which 引导的特殊问句时,为避免重复,定语从句中常用 that: Who is the man that is standing by the door? Which is the dictionary (that) you bought yesterday? 6. 有两个定语从句时,其中一个关系代词用 which,另一个用 that: They secretly built up a small factory, which produced things that could cause pollution. 7. 当先行词在从句中作表语时: Shanghai is no longer the city that it used to be. 定语从句关系代词只能使用 which 的情况 1. 在非限制性定语从句中,先行词用来代指前面整句话的意思,只能用 which Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012, which made one of the Chinese people’s long-held dreams come true. 莫言被授予 2012 年诺贝尔文学奖,这使中国人长久以来拥有的梦想之一变为了现实。 2. 当定语从句中的介词提前时,只用 which 不用 that Is this the library which/that you borrowed books from? = Is this the library from which you borrowed books? (介词提前)
一、关系词的作用 1. 连接作用:关系词引导从句,把从句和主句连接起来; 2. 替代作用:关系词在从句中替代它前面的先行词; 3. 成分作用:关系词在从句中充当一定的句子成分。
二、关系词的分类
先行词为人 关 系 代 词
先行词为物 关 系 词
who 在定语从句做主语、宾语、表语 whom 在定语从句做宾语 that 在定语从句做主语、宾语 whose 在定语从句做定语
九、as 引导的定语从句 as 既可以引导限制性定语从句,也可以引导非限制性定语从句,as 在定语从句中做主语、 宾语、表语。 1. as 引导限制性定语从句: 当先行词有 the same, such, as, so 修饰时,要用 as 代替引导定语从句,而不用 who,whom, which, that: I’d like to have the same books as are used in your school. 我想要和你们在学校使用的一样的书。 He is not such a person as I expected. 他不是我预期的那种人 2. such...as...引导的定语从句与 such...that...引导的状语从句区别 He is such a clever boy as everyone likes. 从句中缺少宾语,为定语从句。 He is such a clever boy that everyone likes him. 从句不缺少成分,为状语从句。 3. as 引导非限制性定语从句 as 引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在主句前面、插在主句中间或放在主句末尾;而 which 引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句后面: As anybody can see, the elephant is like a snake. =The elephant, as anybody can see, is like a snake. =The elephant is like a snake, as anybody can see. as 引导的从句有“正如”、“正像”之意,而 which 则无此意。常用句型有: as we all know, as is known to all, as everybody can see, as is expected 等。 As we all know, paper was first made in China.
which 在定语从句做主语、宾语、表语 that 在定语从句做主语、宾语、表语 whose 在定语从句做定语,表物主
关
when 先行词为时间名词,在定语从句中做时间状语
系
where 先行词为地点名词,在定语从句中做地点状语
副
why 先行词为 the reason,在定语从句中做原因状语
词
三、关系代词
1. 先行词为人,关系代词用 who, whom, that, whose I thank the woman who/that helped me. (关系代词做主语) The man who/that/whom I saw in the office told me to come back. (关系代词做宾语,此时关 系代词可以省略) ☆I know the girl whose mother is a teacher. (关系代词做定语,可用 of whom 来代替) = I know the girl of whom the mother is a teacher. = I know the girl the mother of whom is a teacher. 2. 先行词为物,关系代词用 which, that, whose Did you hear about the earthquake that/which happened in San Francisco last week? (关系代 词做主语) The movie that/which we saw last night wasn’t very good. (关系代词做宾语,此时关系代词 可省略)
七、关系代词和关系副词的选择与区别: 1. 首先分清主句和定语从句; 2. 确定定语从句的先行词; 3. 把先行词带到定语从句中,看其在定语从句中做什么语法成分(主语、宾语、定语、 状语) 4. 若先行词在从句中做主语、宾语、定语则选择关系代词,若在从句中做状语,则选择 关系副词。 练习: I will never forget the day _____________ I spent in Hongkong. I will never forget the day _______________ Hongkong returned to its motherland. The reason _____________ he gave for not coming to school yesterday isn’t believable. The reason ______________ he didn’t come to school yesterday isn’t believable. This is the park _____________I once wrote about to you. This is the park _______________ I used to spend my weekend.