高中英语的定语从句归纳与总结

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高中英语语法定语从句总结全

高中英语语法定语从句总结全

高中英语定语从句详解Ⅰ、概念:(1) 定语从句:在主从复合句中用作定语得从句叫定语从句。

定语从句一般紧接在先行词(antecedent)后面。

(2) 先行词:被定语从句修饰得成份。

先行词可以为一个词,短语,或整个主句。

(3)引导定语从句得词叫关系词,分为关系代词与关系副词。

关系词得作用:1) 引导定语从句,连接主句与从句,相当于一个连词;2) 必在从句中作某个句子成份(可以做主语,宾语,表语,定语,状语)常用得关系代词: that、which、who、whom、whose,当关系代词在定语从句中做宾语时,关系代词可以省略。

常用得关系副词(在从句中只作状语): when(时间状语)、why(原因状语)、whe re(地点状语)可以修饰人得关系代词:that, who,whom,whose可以修饰事得关系代词:that, which, as,whose,The student who answered the question was John、Iknow thereasonwhy he wasso angry、The boy (whom) you are talkingto is mybrother、I'd like a roomwhose window facesthe sea、定语从句三步:第一找出先行词;第二瞧先行词在定语从句中得语法功能(做主语、宾语、表语或状语);第三选择合适得关系词。

Ⅱ、几个关系代词得基本用法:●that:可指人或物;在定语从句中作主语,宾语,表语。

(指人时,相当于who或whom;指物时,相当于which)(一般不用于非限制性定语从句;不可置于介词后作宾语) 如:1、A letterthat/which is written in pencil is difficult to read、(主语)2、Do you know the gentleman that/whospoke just now?3、You can takeanything ( that)you like、(宾语)4、Whatis thequestion(that/which) they aretalking about?5、Hereis theman (who/whom/that) you want tosee、6、She's no longerthe girl( that) sheused to be before、(表语)7、Ourhometown isno longer theone (that)it usedto be、(=Our hometown isnot the same as it used tobe、= Our hometown is differentfrom what itusedtobe。

高中英语所有定语从句考点总结

高中英语所有定语从句考点总结

高中英语所有定语从句考点总结定语可以由形容词、名词、代词、分词、不定式以及介词短语等来担任,也可以由一个句子来充当,充当定语功能的句子称为定语从句。

1.先行词:被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词①指人的先行词②指物的先行词★ 先行词还可以是前面整个句子所叙述的事情。

He has passed the driving test, which surprises all of us. (which替代前面所叙述的事情) 先行词2.关系词:引导定语的词(1)关系词的作用①替代前面的先行词(替代作用)②连接主句和定语从句(连接作用)③在定语从句中作句子成分(成分作用)(2)关系词的分类①标准:根据关系词在从句中做的句子成分种类②关系代词:在从句中做 主,宾,表,定(that/which/who/whom/whose/as)③关系副词:在从句中作状语(When/where/why)3.定语从句:用来做定语,修饰限定先行词的句子1.限制性定语从句:对先行词起限定修饰作用。

He is a teacher who works at our school.2.非限制性定语从句:对先行词起补充说明作用(先行词与定语从句之间有逗号隔开)Beijing, which is the capital of China, is a beautiful city with a long history.比较:He has two sons, who work in the same company.(He has only two sons.)He has two sons who work in the same company.(Perhaps he has two more sons)1.关系代词的省略(限定性定语从句)(1)关系代词在定语从句中作宾语She is the girl (whom / that) I loved before. (可以省略whom/that)(2)关系代词在定语从句中作表语He is no longer the boy (that) he used to be. (可以省略that)(3)关系代词作介词宾语,介词在从句句尾时可以省略Housing price is a problem (that/which) people are interested in.比较:Housing price is a problem in which people are interested.(此时只能用which且不能省略) 2.先行词是人(that/who的区别)(1)用that的情况①以疑问词who开头的句子中Who is the man that is shouting there?②关系代词在从句中作表语时She is not the girl that she used to be.③先行词被the very, the right, the only修饰This is the very person that we are looking for.(2)用who的情况①先行词是one, ones, anybody, all, none, those 等Those who want to go to the cinema will have to wait at the gate of the school.②句子中有两个定语从句,一个用了that,另外一个用whoWho is the boy that won the gold medal?③在there be 结构中There are many young men who are against him.④在非限定性定语从句当中Tom, who is my best friend, has gone abroad to study.3.先行词是物(that / which的区别)(1)用which的情况①在非限定性定语从句中She lost the game, which depressed her greatly.②关系词置于介词之后,作宾语The pen with which you write is Jack’s.Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the library which is newly open to us.(2)用that的情况①先行词是不定代词如all, little, few, much,anything, everything, nothing, none, no one等She did all that she could to help us.②先行词被all, every, no, some, little, much, the only, he very, the right,the last等所修饰时This is the very book that I want.③先行词中既有人又有物时She described in her compositions the people and he places that impressed her most.④先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时This is the best book that I have ever read.This is the first film that I’ve seen since I came here.⑤定语从句中套定语从句,其中一个关系词以用which, 另外一个用thatHe built a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.⑥当主句的主语是疑问词which,另一个用thatWho is the person that is standing at the gate?4.As引导定语从句用法(1)As 既可以引导限制性定语从句也可以用于非限定性定句中充当主语,宾语,表语等。

高一英语定语从句总结

高一英语定语从句总结

The Attributive Clause一、定义从句概念在主从复合句中,修饰主句某一名词或代词,作定语的从句,叫做定语从句。

Eg. You must do everything that I do.在这个句子中,everything是,that是。

总结:先行词一般是或,定语从句中必须要有连接主从句,在定语从句中作成分,但当其作宾语时,可以省略。

关系词分为和,关系词有三个作用:连接作用;在定语从句中作成分;替代先行词。

二、关系代词引导的定语从句常见的关系代词有:who, whom, which, that, whose1. The boy broke the window is Tom.I like the girl studies very hard.2. The girl we saw is Lily.He was the teacher I asked for help.The person you talked to is Mr. Li.The person you talked is Mr. Li.The pencil he was writing with broke.The pencil he was writing broke.3. The plane is a machine can fly.The noodles I cooked were delicious.4. The room window faces south is mine.The room the window faces south is mine.The room the window faces south is mine.思考:who 指,在定语从句中作。

whom指,在定语从句中作,可省略。

在口语中who也可以作宾语。

which 指,在定语从句中作或。

作宾语时可省略。

that 既可指,也可指。

在定语从句中作或,作宾语时可省略。

定语从句相关知识点总结

定语从句相关知识点总结

定语从句相关知识点总结一、定语从句的概念。

1. 在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。

被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。

- 例如:I like the book which/that is very interesting. 其中“book”是先行词,“which/that is very interesting”是定语从句,用来修饰“book”。

二、关系代词的用法。

1. that.- 既可以指人也可以指物,在从句中作主语或宾语。

- 当先行词是all, much, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, none等不定代词时,关系代词用that。

- 例如:All that can be done has been done.(先行词是“All”,关系代词“that”在从句中作主语)- 当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时,关系代词用that。

- 例如:This is the best film that I have ever seen.(先行词“film”被最高级“the best”修饰,关系代词“that”在从句中作宾语,可省略)- 当先行词被the only, the very, the same等修饰时,关系代词用that。

- 例如:This is the very book that I want.(先行词“book”被“the very”修饰,关系代词“that”在从句中作宾语)2. which.- 指物,在从句中作主语或宾语。

- 例如:The book which/that is on the desk is mine.(“which/that”在从句中作主语);I like the book which/that you lent me.(“which/that”在从句中作宾语)- 在非限制性定语从句(从句与主句之间用逗号隔开)中,只能用which,不能用that。

高中英语的定语从句归纳和总结

高中英语的定语从句归纳和总结

定语从句概念:定语从句,一个简单句跟在一个名词或代词后(先行词)进行修饰限定,就叫做定语从句。

在主句中充当定语成分。

被修饰的词叫先行词。

定语从句不同于单词作定语的情况,它通常只能放在被修饰的词(即先行词)之后。

定语从句由关系词(关系代词、关系副词)引导,关系代词、关系副词位于定语从句句首。

结构:先行词+关系词+从句关系词:关系词的类型:关系代词:who,whom,which,that,在从句中可作主语或宾语,whose,在从句中作定语关系副词:why,where,when,其中why=for which,where=in/at/on which,when=during/on/in which,在从句中做状语关系词的作用:1.连接作用,连接主句和定语从句2.指代前面的先行词3.在定语从句中担任成分关系词的选择:1.看先行词(被定语从句修饰的词)先行词是“物”可能用which,that,whose,where,when,why等,先行词是“人”可能用who,whom,that,whose等2.看关系词在定语从句中所担任的句子成分①先行词是人且关系词在从句中作主语,用who/that②先行词是人且关系词在从句中作宾语,用whom/that③先行词是物且关系词在定语从句中作主语,用that,which.④先行词是物且关系词在从句中作宾语,用that,which,也可以省略记住:关系代词作宾语或表语是可以省略的,作主语是不能省略的,因为主语后直接是动词,省略的话就出现先行词直接接从句动词的语法错误。

举例:Is there anything that you want to say? 中的that就可以省略。

而He is theheadmaster of this school who also teaches Chemistry. 中的who就不能省略。

⑤先行词是“人”或“物”,关系词在从句中作定语表所属关系,用whose引导定语从句.注意:表示所属关系不仅仅是人,这个就叫做所属关系,因此所属关系除了whose以外就有两个,对人是of whom,对物是of which. ⑥先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,则用关系副词引导定语从句。

高中-定语从句的梳理和总结

高中-定语从句的梳理和总结

定语从句一.概念:定语的作用:说明名词的特点和状态,对名词进行修饰或限定。

如:a (bright) rooma girl (in red)the neighbor (next to me)这些是由一个词或一个词组修饰或限定一个名词,充当名词的定语。

也可以由一个句子修饰或限定一个名词说明名词,充当名词的定语。

充当名词的定语的句子称为————定语从句。

定语从句所修饰或限定的名词称为————先行词二.定语从句的结构:先行词+关系代词/关系副词+从句象任何一种从句一样,定语从句也必须有一个引导词来引领整个从句。

定语从句的引导词称为————关系词。

关系词分为性质不同的两类—————关系代词和关系副词。

关系代词在从句中起名词的作用,充当主语,宾语。

(特殊:whose充当定语,as可充当表语。

)关系副词在从句中起副词的作用,充当状语(时间,地点,原因,方式等)关系词与先行词关系与从句的关系例句关系代词Who 指代人主语宾语(可省略)This is the girl who lives next door.They chose a person who they wanted.Whom 指代人宾语(可省略)This is the girl whom I teach.Which 指代物主语宾语(可省略)He told me a story,(which)is veryinteresting.This is the pen which I am looking for. That 既可指人也可指物主语宾语(可省略)He told me a story which/that is veryinteresting.This is the girl who/ that I teach. Whose 既可之人也可指物定语This is the house whose window brokelast night.This is the scientist whose achievementsare well known.As主语宾语表语We have found such materials as warused in their factory.He is not the same man as he was.As is known to everybody, the moontravels round the earth once every month.关系副词When 时间When =表示时间的介词(如:in,at ,during等)+which时间状语I still remember the day when(on which)I first came to Beijing.Where 地点Where=表示地点的介词(如:in,at,on,under等)+which地点状语Can you tell me the office where(inwhich) he works?Why原因Why =表示原因的介词(如:for)+which原因状语Do you know the reason why he isabsent?三、对名词进行修饰或限定的定语从句称为限制性定语从句。

高中英语语法基础 ——定语从句知识点总结归纳讲解(附同步练习)(有答案)

高中英语语法基础 ——定语从句知识点总结归纳讲解(附同步练习)(有答案)

高中英语语法基础——定语从句知识点归纳讲解(附同步练习)★先行词:被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。

通常情况下,引导词前面的名词即为从句的先行词。

★关系词:引导定语从句的词叫关系词。

也可以称作引导词。

①关系代词:who,whom,which,that,whose,as,在从句内作主语、宾语等名词性成分。

②关系副词:when,where,why在从句内作状语。

(一). 使用who、whom、which、that的定语从句1. whoThis is the boy who plays basketball very well.This is the teacher who is teaching us English.▲who 指人, 在从句中作主语。

2. whomThis is the boy (whom) I often help.The man is our headmaster (whom) you met just now.I met the girl (whom) you often praise.▲whom 指人,在从句中作宾语, 可省略。

3. whichThis is the farm which keeps many cows.This is the farm (which ) I visit every year.▲which 指事物, 在从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时可省略。

4. that以上三种情况均可用that。

指人或指物,可作主语和宾语,作宾语时可省略。

(二). 使用whose的定语从句Do you know the girl whose father is mayor.I used to work in an office whose window faces north.I work in a school whose students are excellent.▲whose 指人或物的所属关系,表示“某人的”或“某物的”。

高中英语知识点归纳定语从句的用法

高中英语知识点归纳定语从句的用法

高中英语知识点归纳定语从句的用法定语从句是英语中常见的一种从句。

它用来对主句中的名词或代词进行修饰和限定,使语言更加精确和具体。

本文将对高中英语中关于定语从句的用法进行归纳总结。

一、定语从句的概念定语从句是一个以关系词引导的从句,修饰或限定前面的名词或代词,起到进一步解释、补充信息的作用。

关系词包括:who、whom、which、whose、that等。

二、定语从句的引导词1. 关系代词who指代人,whom在从句中做宾语,which指代物,可以指代整个主句或从句中的一个成分,that既可以指人也可以指物。

2. 关系副词where表示地点,when表示时间,why表示原因。

三、定语从句的位置1. 当修饰主句中的主语时,定语从句位于被修饰名词之后。

例句:The boy who is playing football is my brother.(正在踢足球的那个男孩是我弟弟。

)2. 当修饰主句中的宾语时,定语从句位于被修饰名词之后。

例句:I bought a book which was written by J.K. Rowling.(我买了一本J.K.罗琳写的书。

)3. 当修饰主句中的宾语时,定语从句位于被修饰名词之前。

例句:I saw the girl whom I met yesterday.(我看到了昨天遇到的那个女孩。

)四、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句1. 限制性定语从句用来对名词进行修饰和限定,如果去掉不影响主句的完整性。

被从句修饰的名词不能省略。

例句:The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting.(昨天我买的那本书非常有趣。

)2. 非限制性定语从句用来对名词进行陈述和补充说明,去掉会影响句子的意思和完整性。

被从句修饰的名词可以省略。

例句:Tom, who is a doctor, works in a hospital.(汤姆是个医生,在一家医院工作。

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定语从句
概念:定语从句,一个简单句跟在一个名词或代词后(先行词)进行修饰限定,就叫做定语从句。

在主句中充当定语成分。

被修饰的词叫先行词。

定语从句不同于单词作定语的情况,它通常只能放在被修饰的词(即先行词)之后。

定语从句由关系词(关系代词、关系副词)引导,关系代词、关系副词位于定语从句句首。

结构:先行词+关系词+从句
关系词:
关系词的类型:关系代词:who,whom,which,that,在从句中可作主语或宾语,whose,在从句中作定语
关系副词:why,where,when,其中why=for which,where=in/at/on which,
when=during/on/in which,在从句中做状语
关系词的作用:1.连接作用,连接主句和定语从句
2.指代前面的先行词
3.在定语从句中担任成分
关系词的选择:1.看先行词(被定语从句修饰的词)先行词是“物”可能用which,that,whose,where,when,why等,先行词是“人”可能用who,whom,that,
whose等
2.看关系词在定语从句中所担任的句子成分①先行词是人且关系词在从句
中作主语,用who/that②先行词是人且关系词在从句中作宾语,用
whom/that③先行词是物且关系词在定语从句中作主语,用that,which.
④先行词是物且关系词在从句中作宾语,用that,which,也可以省略
记住:关系代词作宾语或表语是可以省略的,作主语是不能省略的,因为主
语后直接是动词,省略的话就出现先行词直接接从句动词的语法错误。

举例:
Is there anything that you want to say? 中的that就可以省略。

而He is the
headmaster of this school who also teaches Chemistry. 中的who就不能省
略。

⑤先行词是“人”或“物”,关系词在从句中作定语表所属关系,用
whose引导定语从句.注意:表示所属关系不仅仅是人,这个就叫做所属关系,
因此所属关系除了whose以外就有两个,对人是of whom,对物是of which.
⑥先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,则用关系副词引导定语从句。

注意:
如果从句中的谓语动词是及物动词且后面无宾语,那么,即使先行词是表时
间、地点或理由的名词,也不能用关系副词(when,why,where),而要用
可作宾语的关系代词that或which,要考试的同学们千万千万要记住哦!
3.必须用that引导的情况①先行词是不定代词all, few, little, much, something,
nothing, anything等②先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰③先行词被
all, any, every, each, few, little, no, some等修饰④先行词被the only, the very,
the same, the last修饰时⑤先行词既有人又有物时⑥当句中已有who时,
为避免重复用that
限定与非限定定语从句
定语从句可分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句
限定性定语从句:
例:I like the book which he bought yesterday.(我喜欢他昨天买的书)
非限定性定语从句:
例:He has just come back from New York, which is a very big city in the United States。

(他刚从纽约回来,那是美国的一座大城市)
使用非限定性定语从句的情况:当先行词为专有名词或其他具有独一无二性质的普通名词时,通常要用非限制性定语从句,而不用限制性定语从句。

限定性定语从句与非限定性定语从句的区别:
形式上:非限定性定语从句关系词的前面一定有逗号隔开,而限定性定语从句没有
功能上:非限定性定语从句起补充说明作用,缺少也不会影响全句的理解。

限定性定语从句用于对先行词的意义进行修饰、限制和识别,如果去掉,就会造成句意不完整或概念不清。


People who take physical exercise live longer. 进行体育锻炼的人活得长些
His daughter, who is in Boston now, is coming home next week. 他女儿现在在波士顿,下星期回来。

关系词不同:关系词that和why只用于限定性定语从句中,通常不用于非限定性定语从句;另外,在限定性定语从句中,关系词在从句中作宾语时可以省略,而在非限定性定语从句中关系词一律不省略。

先行词不同:限定性定语从句的先行词只能是名词或代词,而非限定性定语从句的先行词则可以是名词或代词,也可以是短语或句子。

例:Peter drove too fast, which was dangerous. 彼得开车很快,这是很危险的。

(which指drive too fast)
例:He changed his mind, which made me very angry. 他改变了主意,这使我很生气。

(which 指代前面的整个主句)。

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