雅思阅读分类词汇(场景) (2)

IELTS阅读分类词汇===阅读分类词汇===心理theorem 原理，定理v.s. theorymethodology 方法论(method)physiology 生理学(physiological)psychiatry 精神病学psychology, psycho, psychosis, psychoanalysis correlation 相互关系correlation coefficientsensation 感觉，知觉(另)轰动sensationalperception 感知，认知intuition 知觉(intuitive)ESP 第六感(Extrasensory Perception)motivate 激励à motivation (^ bonus, commission, …)incentive 激励因素stimulus 刺激à stimulate, stimulationdisorder 紊乱，失调dysfunction 机能障碍dys(=dis) + functiondissonance 不和谐，不一致dis + son(sound) +ancetrauma 创伤(traumatic)the trauma caused by Sept. 11anxiety 焦虑(= anxiousness)depression 沮丧(de + press + ion)~ depressedv.s. repression (压抑) insomnia 失眠phobia 恐惧(症) suffix: -phobiaacrophobia acronym: IELTS, TOEFL…enophobia a fear of foreigners or strangersclaustrophobia a fear of being closed in a confined placeallergy 过敏(症)，反感( allergic)He is allergic to card playing. propensity Most boys have a propensity of playing with machinery.= tendency, inclinationparanoid 偏执的paranoia (偏执狂)workaholic 工作狂( alcoholic)symptom 症状diagnosis 诊断(n.) diagnose (v.)Arthur Haily: “The Final Diagnosis”electroencephalogram 脑电图^ electrocardiogram (心电图)assertive 武断的( assert)therapy 治疗法group therapyhypnotism 催眠术(~ hypnotize)prescribe 开药方v.s. subscribe, describe, inscribeà prescription: ~ drugs antidepressant 抗抑郁药tranquilizer 镇静药( tranquil)side-effect (+s) 副作用immune 免疫的，免除的( immunity)rehabilitation 复原，康复relapse 旧病复发，故态复萌v.s. elapse 子在川上曰：逝者如斯夫，不舍昼夜！chronic 慢性的adulthood ＜＞childhoodpuberty 青春发动期adolescence 青春期(the time of life between puberty and adulthood) emotional ＜＞rationalaffective 情感的( affection)sane 神智健全的insanesuperstition 迷信superstitioustelepathy 传心术，通灵术tele(far away) + pathy(heart)^ numerology, palmistryapathy 无感情，无兴趣，冷漠(= indifference) sympathy: sym(same) + pathypathology 病理学，病理，病变delusion 迷惑，欺瞒v.s. illusiondisorientation 迷失(dis + orientation)~ disorientedpervert 使反常/变态反常/变态者perversionintrospection 内省v.s. retrospection (回顾，反省)sublimation 纯化，升华 sublimepersonality = personal characteristicsmultiple personality (多重人格)innate 天赋的in + nate(nature)= inborn, congenitalattribute 属性(à attributable)trait 特征，品质national traits 国民性vs. traitor===阅读分类词汇===科技ubiquitous 普遍存在的= omnipresent (omniscient, omnipotent)versatile (人)多才多艺的，(物)通用的à versatilityalchemy 炼金术transmute 变形，变质transmute silver into gold (!)arduous 艰巨的(=strenuous)an arduous taskpitfall 陷阱，未预见之困难metallurgy 冶金alloy 合金aluminum = aluminium (BE)^ calcium, uranium, radium ,copper, brass, bronzeelectrode 电极distill 蒸馏distilled waterquartz 石英phosphorus 磷，磷光物质inflammable 易燃的( flame)combustion 燃烧(combustible)spontaneous combustion (white phosphorus) ceramic 陶瓷的瓷器(ceramics)insulate 隔离，绝缘insulator (＜＞conductor＝fiber 纤维(BE: fibre)fiber optics (纤维光学)optics 光学(à optical)retina 视网膜iris 虹膜opaque 不透明的v.s. transparent, translucentmicroprocessor 微处理器^ CPU(Central Processing Unit), chipbinary 二进制的integrate integration ,integrated circuit (IC), system integration (SI)buffer 缓冲区buffer storagebrowser 浏览器( IE, Netscape)hypertext 超文本envisage 想象，看作en + vis(see) + age be envisaged asmomentous (极为)重要的v.s. momentaryreticular 网状的Ethernet 以太网domain 域domain namescyberlaw 网络法律“cyber-“: Internet relatedcyberlove, cybercafe, …patent 专利( patented)v.s. copyright, ^ pirated software/VCD’s chronological 按时间顺序的“chron”: time^ chronic, chronicle, chronograph robot 机器人(“肉包它”) roboticsartificial 人造的，做作的artificial satellite/smilecone 圆锥体，锥形物the nose cone of a missileJupiter 木星Mercury, Venus, Mars, Saturnexorbitant 过度的，过分的，过高的ex(out) + orbit + antcentripetal 向心(力)的＜＞centrifugalhigh-rise 高楼(~ skyscraper)cathedral 大教堂dome 圆顶(a hemispherical roof)infrastructure 基础设施＜＞superstructuresewage 污水，下水道hydraulic 水力的，水压的landfill 垃圾掩埋(地)ventilation 通风thermostat 温控器thermo(hot) + stat(steady)^ thermos, thermometer,thermonuclearprefabricate 预先制造prefab (预制的)polytechnic 各种工艺的理工学校Hong Kong Polytechnicgeometric 几何(学)的geometry, geo(land) + metry(measure) asymmetry 不对称a(not) + sym(same) + metry(↑)＜＞symmetry concave 凹的＜＞convex＝bilateral 双边的，两方面的＜＞unilateralparadoxical “似非而是”的paradox (悖论)empirical 经验的empirical law/formulaclockwise 顺时针的(＜＞anticlockwise===阅读分类词汇===教育accommodation (膳宿)供应= room and boardlodging 寄宿(处)lease 出租“for lease”, “to let”v.s. renttenant 房客，佃户landlord 房东àlandlady(f)ßLord, ＜＞tenant ,housemate ~ roommate, dormmate, schoolmate, classmatedormitory 寝室(abbrev. dorm)au pair A young foreigner who lives with a family in return for doing light housework (另) = reciprocalreciprocal 相互的，互惠的hostel youth hostel~ hotelreal estate 房地产vicinity = neighborhoodflat 平的，瘪的flat tire公寓(= apartment)^ condo, studiobond = depositlinen 亚麻的亚麻织品，床单(= bed linen)utensil 器皿stationery 文具(v.s. stationary)laundry 洗衣，洗衣店cafeteria 自助餐厅~ canteencater 满足(需要)aerobics 有氧健身操“aero”: airbadminton 羽毛球(运动)baseball 棒球baseball batsquash 壁球(运动)amateur ＜＞professionalgathering 聚会v.s. meeting, reunionexcursion 远足(= outing, expedition)commonwealth 共和国，联邦Commonwealth: 英联邦tertiary 第三的After purchasing a house and a car, the next major lifeexpenditure is almost certainly the cost of tertiary education. primary à secondary à tertiarypost-secondary “post”: afterpostgraduate, postdoctoral, post-sale, postwarilliterate 文盲不识字的il(no) + literate(words)à illiteracy (＜＞literacy＝discipline 学科，纪律v.s. subjectterminology 术语faculty department and staff of a college/universitydean (大学)教务长curriculum 课程(= course)à extracurricular 课外的syllabus 课程提纲calendar 日历，日程(~ schedule, agenda, timetable)compulsory 强制的，必修的＜＞elective (选修的)examiner ＜＞examinee^ take/sit, pass/get through, fail, retake/resitrecruit 招生，招募recruitment= enrollprestige 声望，威信à prestigiousesteem 尊敬(n. & v.)your esteemed school/companyaptitude 智力SAT: School Aptitude Testmatriculation 录取入学vocation 职业(= calling, occupation, career) à vocationalvocational educationTAFE Technical And Further Education (Australian)abbreviation 缩略(词)~ abridge (缩短，删节)transferable (学分等)可转换的scholarship 奖学金= fellowshiptutorial 辅导(课)ß tutor (= lecturer, instructor)pedagogue 教员，学究~ pedagogy (教育学，教学法) demagogue (政治煽动家) lexicography 词典编撰(à lexicographer)assignment 任务，(课外)作业dissertation 论文(= thesis)credential 证明，文凭“cred”: creditlinguistic credentialsalumni 校友(男)＜＞alumnaeoverestimate 高估(＜＞underestimate＝decipher 解码，解释(= decode)decipher workplace culturecaliber 才干===阅读分类词汇===文化homogeneous 同质的homo + gene +ous(＜＞heterogeneous＝^ homosexual, heterosexualmainstream 主流主流的dialect 方言(v.s. accent)discrepancy 差异misconception 误解(mis + concept + ion)= misunderstandingbarrier 障碍(物)~ bar, = barricadediscrimination 区别，歧视racial/sexual discriminationß discriminate (+against) hierarchy 等级制度heir + arch(govern) + yinsularity 岛国性质(ß insular, ^island) .microcosm 小天地micro + cosm(os)nostalgia = homesicknesspatriot 爱国者(＜＞traitor＝à patriotic, patriotismcompatriot 同胞同胞的com + patriotvernacular 本地的，本国的本地话，本国话the vernacular languages of India Hispanic An American whose first language was Spanishimmigration 移入~ immigrant, immigratev.s. emigration (~ emigrant, emigrate) antipodes Any two places or regions on diametrically opposite sidesof the Earth“from North America to the Antipodes”permeate 渗透，弥漫Smoke permeated the house.entrepreneur 企业家(~ enterprise)à entrepreneurshippractitioner 开业者，从业者praction(practice) + ercelebrity a famous person= luminary, VIPproxy 代理人anecdote 轶事(à anecdotal)notoriety 恶名(ß notorious)counterpart 对应人，对等物Who’s George Bush’s counterpart in Chinacounterculture, counterbalancepeer 同等的人凝视，窥视(~ peep)subordinate 下级下级的＜＞superiortactics 战术，技巧v.s. strategy (战略，策略) marketing strategy v.s. selling tacticsnuance a subtle difference in meaningbenchmarking 类比分析punctual 准时的，守时的(à punctuality)absenteeism 旷工absent à absentee à absenteeismflextime 弹性工作时间flex(flexible) + timeharass 骚扰(à harassment)Mary said that Gary had sexually harassed her. redundancy 冗余，冗员network redundancydownsize 裁员(~ lay off)ballot 投票(= vote)impartial 不偏不倚的(＜＞partial＝lobby 大堂(n.) 游说(v.)shortlist (BE) a list of applicants who have been deemed suitable and from which the successful person will be chosen à (v.)equilibrium 平衡，均衡questionnaire 调查表，问卷quantitative 定量的(＜＞qualitative＝contingency 偶然性，偶然事件incur 招致incur debts/hatred/dangerv.s. occur, concur, recurethical 伦理的，符合伦理的~ ethics, ＜＞unethicaldubious 疑惑的，可疑的(~ doubt)People were dubious about the result. manifestation 显示，证明(ß manifest)subtitle 字幕，副标题(sub + title)^ subsidiary, submarine, subway (BE: underground, tube), suburb(~ downtown, uptown, outskirts) dubbing 配音录制vogue 时尚^ chicbizarre 奇异的v.s. weird (怪异的)mediocre 平庸的dietitian 饮食学家(~ diet)connoisseur 行家，鉴赏家^ entrée, a la carte===雅思阅读分类词汇===-生物/生理molecule 分子à molecularcell cellularamino à amino acids (氨基酸)protein 蛋白质enzyme 酶(proteins that are produced by cells and act as catalysts inspecific biochemical reactions)catalyst 催化剂chlorophyll 叶绿素“chloro-”: Clphotosynthesis 光合作用(photo + synthesis)à photosyntheticbotany 植物学(＜＞zoology＝à botanist, botanicalflora 植物群fauna 动物群bacterium bacteria (pl.) 细菌fungus fungi (pl.) 真菌algae alga (pl.) 海藻herb à herbal: ~ teaà herbicide (^ insecticide, pesticide)carnation 康乃馨à reincarnationfade 凋谢，褪色organism 机体，组织ß organarthropod 节肢动物v.s. anthropoid (↓)reptile 爬行动物amphibian 两栖动物mammal 哺乳动物(ß mamma!)primate 灵长目动物evolution 进化(ß evolve)anthropoid 类人猿(“anthrop”: humankind)~ anthropology, philanthropy v.s.ape, gorilla, chimpanzeegene 基因^ DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)~ genome (基因组)genetics 遗传学(à genetical)helix 螺旋，螺旋壮物… analyze every single gene within the double helix of humanity’s DNAidentical 同一的~ identity (à ID card)^ clonemutation 突变gene mutationà mutable, immutable, mutantpredator 捕食者(＜＞prey＝embryo 胚胎à embryonic (萌芽的)roe 鱼子＞＞＞caviar (鱼子酱)tadpole 蝌蚪＞＞＞frog, toad (^ told)caterpillar 毛毛虫(cater + pillar)The American Company: Caterpillar (CAT) grasshopper 蚱蜢，蝗虫(= locust)grass + hopper, ^ bellhopcricket 蟋蟀(另)板球butterfly v.s. moth^ dragonfly, fireflypollen 花粉传粉à pollinate, pollinationhive 蜂房＞＞＞honey, ^ concoctionlarva larvae (pl.) 幼虫v.s. lavapupa 蛹à pupatepenguin 企鹅v.s. dolphin (海豚)raccoon 浣熊v.s. kangaroo (袋鼠)hibernate 冬眠(=hole up)torpid 麻木的，蛰伏的v.s. torpedo (鱼雷)cerebral (大)脑的hemisphere 半球(hemi + sphere)cortex 脑皮层migraine 偏头疼ß migrantsomatic 躯体的limb 四肢upper/lower limbanatomy 解剖，剖析paralyze 使瘫痪(=incapacitate, immobilize)artery 动脉(＜＞vein＝gland 腺体pancreas 胰hormone 荷尔蒙，激素cholesterol 胆固醇efficacy 功效v.s. efficiency, effectiveness===雅思阅读分类词汇===环境问题conservation 保护，保存(ß conserve)v.s. conversationenvironmentalist = conservationistacid 酸酸的(＜＞alkali＝acid raincarbon 碳(C) v.s. charcoal (炭)carbon dioxide, carbon monoxidefume exhaust fumesv.s. smoke, fog, smogpetroleum 石油à petrol (BE) = gasoline/gas (AE)à unleaded petrol/gasozone 臭氧(o + zone)ozone layerooze 渗出渗出物radiation 辐射ultraviolet(UV) radiation~ radioactivegreenhouse 温室greenhouse effect/gasessolar 太阳的(solar energy)^ lunar (lunar calendar)phenomenon 现象catastrophe = disaster, cataclysmdeterioration 恶化(ß deteriorate)extinction 灭绝(ß extinct)species endangered speciesdrought 干旱(^ “找它”)＞＞＞famine v.s. floodingrecurrent 反复发生的re + (oc)cur + rentv.s. concurrentinundate 淹没^ “淹掉它”embankment 筑堤(em + bank + ment)sediment 沉积（物）= depositdelta 三角洲the Pearl River Deltaalluvial 冲积的desertification (v.s. dessert)dust-storm 沙尘暴^ thunderstorm, brainstormbarren 贫瘠的，不育的，无效的dune sand dune the game “DUNE”!attributable 归因于be attributable to…deforestation 滥砍滥伐（森林）de + forest + ation＜＞afforestation/reforestation log 原木，日志伐木v.s. logovegetation 植物，植被v.s. vegetable, vegetarianhabitat 栖息地ß habit (Habit is the second nature.)ecosystem 生态系统(eco + system)~ ecologyviability ß viable “vi”: life养育能力One tool for assessing the impact of forestry on the ecosystem is population viability analysis. demographic 人口统计的demo(people) + graph(write) + ic interdependence inter + dependencecounterbalance 使平衡，弥补(=offset)counter(against) + balancemechanism 机理，机制precipitation 陡降，降水(ß precipice)＜＞evaporationcirculation 流通，循环tide à tidal wave (海啸)＜＞ebb ＜＜＜earthquaketyphoon ~ tornado, hurricanemeteorology 气象(学)volcano 火山eruption 喷发(ß erupt)volcanic eruption ＞＞＞lavagranite 花岗岩imminent = impending v.s. eminentCelsius 摄氏的37OCv.s. centigradeFahrenheit 华氏的latitude 纬度(另) longitude, altitudetropical ß (the) tropicstropical/torrid zone, temperate zone, frigid zone glacier 冰川dump 倾倒，倾销à anti-dumpingcontaminate 弄脏(à contaminant)recycle 回收再利用irreversible 不可逆的(= irrevocable)reclaim 开垦，改造à reclamationcontentious 有争议的(ß contend)Many environmental issues today are highly contentious.opt 选择(+ for) à optionprioritize 优先考虑(ß prior, priority)===雅思分类词汇===医院mental hospital 精神病医院clinic诊所physician/internist 内科医生oculist/eye doctor眼科医生surgon 外科医生dentist牙医vet兽医shrink心理医生symptom 症状have/catch a cold 感冒have a sore throat 嗓子痛have a stomachache 胃痛have a fever 发烧pneumonia 肺炎flu 流感have a cough 咳嗽have a headache头痛have a toothache牙痛liver trouble 肝炎allergy 过敏症twisted/sprained扭伤的feel dizzy 头晕feel chilly 觉得发冷asthma 哮喘diabetics糖尿病患者cramps抽筋vomit/throw up/nauseate呕吐diarrhea腹泻vomitive/pukey恶心的luggies/phlegm痰have a stuffed nose鼻子不通cholera霍乱stiff neck脖子发僵abscess脓肿yellow fever黄热病hay fever枯草热pills药丸mixture合剂eyedrops眼药水syrup糖浆pad药棉块vitamin维他命tablet药片penicillin盘尼西林antibiotic抗生素ointment药膏medication药物aspirin阿司匹林bandage绷带syringe注射器stethoscope听诊器injection注射preventive injection预防针gauze纱布cold cure感冒药sweating medicine发汗药febrifuge退烧药capsule胶囊case history病历extract拔牙take one's temperature量体温see a doctor看病send for a doctor请医生feel one's pulse量脉搏take one's blood pressure量血压give a prescription开药方have an operation 动手术make an appointment预约===雅思分类词汇===生活咨询make a reservation预定confirm a reservation确认预定cancel one's reservation取消预定frist come,frist serve先到先服务原则layover/stopover中途停留timetable时刻表fare票价toll通行费saver ticket优惠票open ticket开放机票one-way ticket单程票round-trip ticket往返票airport tax机场税duty-free shop免税店excess charge超重vacant seat空座direct/non-stop flight直达航班connecting-flight转机book预定destination目的地frist class头等仓business class商务仓economy class经济仓van中巴shuttle bus班车airport limousine机场大巴berth铺位（火车上）pullman卧铺车scenic spot景点extra charge/surcharge附加费fulling-booked满了seat arrangement/assignment定座E.T.A(estimated time of arrival)预计到达时间E.T.D(estimated time of departure)预计起飞时间常用句型I'd like to book______________________?I'd like to order_____________________?Waht hour are you open________________?waht time do you open/close___________?===雅思分类词汇===银行交易1）常用词汇bank book/pass book存折open an account开户earn interest赚取利息savings account储蓄存款帐户current account活期存款帐户check/cheque account支票帐户deposit account定期存款帐户annual interest rate年利率monthly savings account按月计息帐户daily interest account按天计息帐户instant account速成户头service charge服务费/手续费signature card签名卡draw/withdraw提款order check/cheque记名支票rubber check/cheque空头支票blank check/cheque空白支票exchange rate汇率denomination=face value面额four in hundred四张一百元面额give the money in fives/tens换成五元或十元面额bill钞票change零钱cash现金password/code密码amount in figures小写金额amount in words大写金额credit card信用卡the balance of your bank account帐户余额traveler’s check/chque旅行支票coin硬币penny便士nickel（美、加）的五分硬币dime（美、加）的十分硬币unit 货币单位value/worth面值ounce盎司1/16磅commercial/merchant bank商业银行full refund全额偿还extension延期overdraw/overdraft透支rebate回扣payday发薪日pay slip/envelop薪水单a princely sum(an excessive amount)巨款mortgage抵押by installment分期付款apply for/grant_______a loan申请/批准贷款debt债务collateral担保物fill out/in填写chquebook/checkbook支票簿loan贷款joint account联名帐户expense account公款支付帐户cashier收银员teller银行职员statement对帐单money order汇票accountant会计A.T.M自动取款机常用句型I’d like to open a_____________account.I’d like to check the present balance in ___________account.I’d like to apply for a personal loan.I’d like to change(兑换)___________for_____________.What’s the current rate?How would you like to receive your change（零钱）?还有时常会考到银行的开放时间，一般是几点到几点？还有周末或许不同（注意）===雅思分类词汇===教育这个场景比较复杂，因为考的内容会很广泛，包括：新生入学报到场景、课程设置及规定介绍场景、家庭作业分析场景、课堂演示场景日常生活咨询场景等。