雅思阅读分类词汇讲述
雅思阅读分类词汇

IELTS阅读分类词汇===阅读分类词汇===心理theorem 原理,定理v.s. theorymethodology 方法论(method)physiology 生理学(physiological)psychiatry 精神病学psychology, psycho, psychosis, psychoanalysis correlation 相互关系correlation coefficientsensation 感觉,知觉(另)轰动sensationalperception 感知,认知intuition 知觉(intuitive)ESP 第六感(Extrasensory Perception)motivate 激励à motivation (^ bonus, commission, …)incentive 激励因素stimulus 刺激à stimulate, stimulationdisorder 紊乱,失调dysfunction 机能障碍dys(=dis) + functiondissonance 不和谐,不一致dis + son(sound) +ancetrauma 创伤(traumatic)the trauma caused by Sept. 11anxiety 焦虑(= anxiousness)depression 沮丧(de + press + ion)~ depressedv.s. repression (压抑) insomnia 失眠phobia 恐惧(症) suffix: -phobiaacrophobia acronym: IELTS, TOEFL…enophobia a fear of foreigners or strangersclaustrophobia a fear of being closed in a confined placeallergy 过敏(症),反感( allergic)He is allergic to card playing. propensity Most boys have a propensity of playing with machinery.= tendency, inclinationparanoid 偏执的paranoia (偏执狂)workaholic 工作狂( alcoholic)symptom 症状diagnosis 诊断(n.) diagnose (v.)Arthur Haily: “The Final Diagnosis”electroencephalogram 脑电图^ electrocardiogram (心电图)assertive 武断的( assert)therapy 治疗法group therapyhypnotism 催眠术(~ hypnotize)prescribe 开药方v.s. subscribe, describe, inscribeà prescription: ~ drugs antidepressant 抗抑郁药tranquilizer 镇静药( tranquil)side-effect (+s) 副作用immune 免疫的,免除的( immunity)rehabilitation 复原,康复relapse 旧病复发,故态复萌v.s. elapse 子在川上曰:逝者如斯夫,不舍昼夜!chronic 慢性的adolescence 青春期(the time of life between puberty and adulthood) emotional <>rationalaffective 情感的( affection)sane 神智健全的insanesuperstition 迷信superstitioustelepathy 传心术,通灵术tele(far away) + pathy(heart)^ numerology, palmistryapathy 无感情,无兴趣,冷漠(= indifference) sympathy: sym(same) + pathypathology 病理学,病理,病变delusion 迷惑,欺瞒v.s. illusiondisorientation 迷失(dis + orientation)~ disorientedpervert 使反常/变态反常/变态者perversionintrospection 内省v.s. retrospection (回顾,反省)sublimation 纯化,升华 sublimepersonality = personal characteristicsmultiple personality (多重人格)innate 天赋的in + nate(nature)= inborn, congenitalattribute 属性(à attributable)trait 特征,品质national traits 国民性vs. traitor===阅读分类词汇===科技ubiquitous 普遍存在的= omnipresent (omniscient, omnipotent)versatile (人)多才多艺的,(物)通用的à versatilityalchemy 炼金术transmute 变形,变质transmute silver into gold (!)arduous 艰巨的(=strenuous)an arduous taskpitfall 陷阱,未预见之困难metallurgy 冶金alloy 合金aluminum = aluminium (BE)^ calcium, uranium, radium ,copper, brass, bronzeelectrode 电极distill 蒸馏distilled waterquartz 石英phosphorus 磷,磷光物质inflammable 易燃的( flame)combustion 燃烧(combustible)spontaneous combustion (white phosphorus) ceramic 陶瓷的瓷器(ceramics)insulate 隔离,绝缘insulator (<>conductor=fiber 纤维(BE: fibre)fiber optics (纤维光学)optics 光学(à optical)retina 视网膜iris 虹膜opaque 不透明的v.s. transparent, translucentmicroprocessor 微处理器^ CPU(Central Processing Unit), chipbinary 二进制的integrate integration ,integrated circuit (IC), system integration (SI)buffer 缓冲区buffer storagebrowser 浏览器( IE, Netscape)hypertext 超文本envisage 想象,看作en + vis(see) + age be envisaged asmomentous (极为)重要的v.s. momentaryreticular 网状的Ethernet 以太网domain 域domain namescyberlaw 网络法律“cyber-“: Internet relatedcyberlove, cybercafe, …patent 专利( patented)v.s. copyright, ^ pirated software/VCD’s chronological 按时间顺序的“chron”: time^ chronic, chronicle, chronograph robot 机器人(“肉包它”) roboticsartificial 人造的,做作的artificial satellite/smilecone 圆锥体,锥形物the nose cone of a missileJupiter 木星Mercury, Venus, Mars, Saturnexorbitant 过度的,过分的,过高的ex(out) + orbit + antcentripetal 向心(力)的<>centrifugalhigh-rise 高楼(~ skyscraper)cathedral 大教堂dome 圆顶(a hemispherical roof)infrastructure 基础设施<>superstructuresewage 污水,下水道hydraulic 水力的,水压的landfill 垃圾掩埋(地)ventilation 通风thermostat 温控器thermo(hot) + stat(steady)^ thermos, thermometer,thermonuclearprefabricate 预先制造prefab (预制的)polytechnic 各种工艺的理工学校Hong Kong Polytechnicgeometric 几何(学)的geometry, geo(land) + metry(measure)asymmetry 不对称a(not) + sym(same) + metry(↑)<>symmetryconcave 凹的<>convex=bilateral 双边的,两方面的<>unilateralparadoxical “似非而是”的paradox (悖论)empirical 经验的empirical law/formulaclockwise 顺时针的(<>anticlockwise===阅读分类词汇===教育accommodation (膳宿)供应= room and boardlodging 寄宿(处)lease 出租“for lease”, “to let”v.s. renttenant 房客,佃户landlord 房东àlandlady(f)ßLord, <>tenant ,housemate ~ roommate, dormmate, schoolmate, classmatedormitory 寝室(abbrev. dorm)au pair A young foreigner who lives with a family in return for doing light housework (另) = reciprocalreciprocal 相互的,互惠的hostel youth hostel~ hotelreal estate 房地产vicinity = neighborhoodflat 平的,瘪的flat tire公寓(= apartment)^ condo, studiobond = depositlinen 亚麻的亚麻织品,床单(= bed linen)utensil 器皿stationery 文具(v.s. stationary)laundry 洗衣,洗衣店cafeteria 自助餐厅~ canteencater 满足(需要)aerobics 有氧健身操“aero”: airbadminton 羽毛球(运动)baseball 棒球baseball batsquash 壁球(运动)amateur <>professionalgathering 聚会v.s. meeting, reunionexcursion 远足(= outing, expedition)commonwealth 共和国,联邦Commonwealth: 英联邦tertiary 第三的After purchasing a house and a car, the next major lifeexpenditure is almost certainly the cost of tertiary education. primary à secondary à tertiarypost-secondary “post”: afterpostgraduate, postdoctoral, post-sale, postwarilliterate 文盲不识字的il(no) + literate(words)à illiteracy (<>literacy=discipline 学科,纪律v.s. subjectterminology 术语faculty department and staff of a college/universitydean (大学)教务长curriculum 课程(= course)à extracurricular 课外的syllabus 课程提纲calendar 日历,日程(~ schedule, agenda, timetable)compulsory 强制的,必修的<>elective (选修的)examiner <>examinee^ take/sit, pass/get through, fail, retake/resitrecruit 招生,招募recruitment= enrollprestige 声望,威信à prestigiousesteem 尊敬(n. & v.)your esteemed school/companyaptitude 智力SAT: School Aptitude Testmatriculation 录取入学vocation 职业(= calling, occupation, career) à vocationalvocational educationTAFE Technical And Further Education (Australian)abbreviation 缩略(词)~ abridge (缩短,删节)transferable (学分等)可转换的scholarship 奖学金= fellowshiptutorial 辅导(课)ß tutor (= lecturer, instructor)pedagogue 教员,学究~ pedagogy (教育学,教学法) demagogue (政治煽动家) lexicography 词典编撰(à lexicographer)assignment 任务,(课外)作业dissertation 论文(= thesis)credential 证明,文凭“cred”: creditlinguistic credentialsalumni 校友(男)<>alumnaeoverestimate 高估(<>underestimate=decipher 解码,解释(= decode)decipher workplace culturecaliber 才干===阅读分类词汇===文化homogeneous 同质的homo + gene +ous(<>heterogeneous=^ homosexual, heterosexualmainstream 主流主流的dialect 方言(v.s. accent)discrepancy 差异misconception 误解(mis + concept + ion)= misunderstandingbarrier 障碍(物)~ bar, = barricadediscrimination 区别,歧视racial/sexual discriminationß discriminate (+against) hierarchy 等级制度heir + arch(govern) + yinsularity 岛国性质(ß insular, ^island) .microcosm 小天地micro + cosm(os)nostalgia = homesicknesspatriot 爱国者(<>traitor=à patriotic, patriotismcompatriot 同胞同胞的com + patriotvernacular 本地的,本国的本地话,本国话the vernacular languages of India Hispanic An American whose first language was Spanishimmigration 移入~ immigrant, immigratev.s. emigration (~ emigrant, emigrate) antipodes Any two places or regions on diametrically opposite sidesof the Earth“from North America to the Antipodes”permeate 渗透,弥漫Smoke permeated the house.entrepreneur 企业家(~ enterprise)à entrepreneurshippractitioner 开业者,从业者praction(practice) + ercelebrity a famous person= luminary, VIPproxy 代理人anecdote 轶事(à anecdotal)notoriety 恶名(ß notorious)counterpart 对应人,对等物Who’s George Bush’s counterpart in Chinacounterculture, counterbalancepeer 同等的人凝视,窥视(~ peep)subordinate 下级下级的<>superiortactics 战术,技巧v.s. strategy (战略,策略) marketing strategy v.s. selling tacticsnuance a subtle difference in meaningbenchmarking 类比分析punctual 准时的,守时的(à punctuality)absenteeism 旷工absent à absentee à absenteeismflextime 弹性工作时间flex(flexible) + timeharass 骚扰(à harassment)Mary said that Gary had sexually harassed her. redundancy 冗余,冗员network redundancydownsize 裁员(~ lay off)ballot 投票(= vote)impartial 不偏不倚的(<>partial=lobby 大堂(n.) 游说(v.)shortlist (BE) a list of applicants who have been deemed suitable and from which the successful person will be chosen à (v.)equilibrium 平衡,均衡questionnaire 调查表,问卷quantitative 定量的(<>qualitative=contingency 偶然性,偶然事件incur 招致incur debts/hatred/dangerv.s. occur, concur, recurethical 伦理的,符合伦理的~ ethics, <>unethicaldubious 疑惑的,可疑的(~ doubt)People were dubious about the result. manifestation 显示,证明(ß manifest)subtitle 字幕,副标题(sub + title)^ subsidiary, submarine, subway (BE: underground, tube), suburb(~ downtown, uptown, outskirts) dubbing 配音录制vogue 时尚^ chicbizarre 奇异的v.s. weird (怪异的)mediocre 平庸的dietitian 饮食学家(~ diet)connoisseur 行家,鉴赏家^ entrée, a la carte===雅思阅读分类词汇===-生物/生理molecule 分子à molecularcell cellularamino à amino acids (氨基酸)protein 蛋白质enzyme 酶(proteins that are produced by cells and act as catalysts inspecific biochemical reactions)catalyst 催化剂chlorophyll 叶绿素“chloro-”: Clphotosynthesis 光合作用(photo + synthesis)à photosyntheticbotany 植物学(<>zoology=à botanist, botanicalflora 植物群fauna 动物群bacterium bacteria (pl.) 细菌fungus fungi (pl.) 真菌algae alga (pl.) 海藻herb à herbal: ~ teaà herbicide (^ insecticide, pesticide)carnation 康乃馨à reincarnationfade 凋谢,褪色organism 机体,组织ß organarthropod 节肢动物v.s. anthropoid (↓)reptile 爬行动物amphibian 两栖动物mammal 哺乳动物(ß mamma!)primate 灵长目动物evolution 进化(ß evolve)anthropoid 类人猿(“anthrop”: humankind)~ anthropology, philanthropy v.s.ape, gorilla, chimpanzeegene 基因^ DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)~ genome (基因组)genetics 遗传学(à genetical)helix 螺旋,螺旋壮物… analyze every single gene within the double helix of humanity’s DNAidentical 同一的~ identity (à ID card)^ clonemutation 突变gene mutationà mutable, immutable, mutantpredator 捕食者(<>prey=embryo 胚胎à embryonic (萌芽的)roe 鱼子>>>caviar (鱼子酱)tadpole 蝌蚪>>>frog, toad (^ told)caterpillar 毛毛虫(cater + pillar)The American Company: Caterpillar (CAT) grasshopper 蚱蜢,蝗虫(= locust)grass + hopper, ^ bellhopcricket 蟋蟀(另)板球butterfly v.s. moth^ dragonfly, fireflypollen 花粉传粉à pollinate, pollinationhive 蜂房>>>honey, ^ concoctionlarva larvae (pl.) 幼虫v.s. lavapupa 蛹à pupatepenguin 企鹅v.s. dolphin (海豚)raccoon 浣熊v.s. kangaroo (袋鼠)hibernate 冬眠(=hole up)torpid 麻木的,蛰伏的v.s. torpedo (鱼雷)cerebral (大)脑的hemisphere 半球(hemi + sphere)cortex 脑皮层migraine 偏头疼ß migrantsomatic 躯体的limb 四肢upper/lower limbanatomy 解剖,剖析paralyze 使瘫痪(=incapacitate, immobilize)artery 动脉(<>vein=gland 腺体pancreas 胰hormone 荷尔蒙,激素cholesterol 胆固醇efficacy 功效v.s. efficiency, effectiveness===雅思阅读分类词汇===环境问题conservation 保护,保存(ß conserve)v.s. conversationenvironmentalist = conservationistacid 酸酸的(<>alkali=acid raincarbon 碳(C) v.s. charcoal (炭)carbon dioxide, carbon monoxidefume exhaust fumesv.s. smoke, fog, smogpetroleum 石油à petrol (BE) = gasoline/gas (AE)à unleaded petrol/gasozone 臭氧(o + zone)ozone layerooze 渗出渗出物radiation 辐射ultraviolet(UV) radiation~ radioactivegreenhouse 温室greenhouse effect/gasessolar 太阳的(solar energy)^ lunar (lunar calendar)phenomenon 现象catastrophe = disaster, cataclysmdeterioration 恶化(ß deteriorate)extinction 灭绝(ß extinct)species endangered speciesdrought 干旱(^ “找它”)>>>famine v.s. floodingrecurrent 反复发生的re + (oc)cur + rentv.s. concurrentinundate 淹没^ “淹掉它”embankment 筑堤(em + bank + ment)sediment 沉积(物)= depositdelta 三角洲the Pearl River Deltaalluvial 冲积的desertification (v.s. dessert)dust-storm 沙尘暴^ thunderstorm, brainstormbarren 贫瘠的,不育的,无效的dune sand dune the game “DUNE”!attributable 归因于be attributable to…deforestation 滥砍滥伐(森林)de + forest + ation<>afforestation/reforestation log 原木,日志伐木v.s. logovegetation 植物,植被v.s. vegetable, vegetarianhabitat 栖息地ß habit (Habit is the second nature.)ecosystem 生态系统(eco + system)~ ecologyviability ß viable “vi”: life养育能力One tool for assessing the impact offorestry on the ecosystem is population viability analysis. demographic 人口统计的demo(people) + graph(write) + ic interdependence inter + dependencecounterbalance 使平衡,弥补(=offset)counter(against) + balancemechanism 机理,机制precipitation 陡降,降水(ß precipice)<>evaporationcirculation 流通,循环tide à tidal wave (海啸)<>ebb <<<earthquaketyphoon ~ tornado, hurricanemeteorology 气象(学)volcano 火山eruption 喷发(ß erupt)volcanic eruption >>>lavagranite 花岗岩imminent = impending v.s. eminentCelsius 摄氏的37OCv.s. centigradeFahrenheit 华氏的latitude 纬度(另) longitude, altitudetropical ß (the) tropicstropical/torrid zone, temperate zone, frigid zone glacier 冰川dump 倾倒,倾销à anti-dumpingcontaminate 弄脏(à contaminant)recycle 回收再利用irreversible 不可逆的(= irrevocable)reclaim 开垦,改造à reclamationcontentious 有争议的(ß contend)Many environmental issues today are highly contentious.opt 选择(+ for) à optionprioritize 优先考虑(ß prior, priority)===雅思分类词汇===医院mental hospital 精神病医院clinic诊所physician/internist 内科医生oculist/eye doctor眼科医生surgon 外科医生dentist牙医vet兽医shrink心理医生symptom 症状have/catch a cold 感冒have a sore throat 嗓子痛have a stomachache 胃痛have a fever 发烧pneumonia 肺炎flu 流感have a cough 咳嗽have a headache头痛have a toothache牙痛liver trouble 肝炎allergy 过敏症twisted/sprained扭伤的feel dizzy 头晕feel chilly 觉得发冷asthma 哮喘diabetics糖尿病患者cramps抽筋vomit/throw up/nauseate呕吐diarrhea腹泻vomitive/pukey恶心的luggies/phlegm痰叮叮小文库have a stuffed nose鼻子不通cholera霍乱stiff neck脖子发僵abscess脓肿yellow fever黄热病hay fever枯草热pills药丸mixture合剂eyedrops眼药水syrup糖浆pad药棉块vitamin维他命tablet药片penicillin盘尼西林antibiotic抗生素ointment药膏medication药物aspirin阿司匹林bandage绷带syringe注射器stethoscope听诊器injection注射preventive injection预防针gauze纱布cold cure感冒药sweating medicine发汗药febrifuge退烧药capsule胶囊case history病历extract拔牙take one's temperature量体温see a doctor看病send for a doctor请医生feel one's pulse量脉搏take one's blood pressure量血压give a prescription开药方have an operation 动手术make an appointment预约===雅思分类词汇===生活咨询make a reservation预定confirm a reservation确认预定cancel one's reservation取消预定frist come,frist serve先到先服务原则layover/stopover中途停留timetable时刻表fare票价toll通行费saver ticket优惠票open ticket开放机票one-way ticket单程票round-trip ticket往返票airport tax机场税duty-free shop免税店excess charge超重vacant seat空座direct/non-stop flight直达航班connecting-flight转机book预定destination目的地frist class头等仓business class商务仓economy class经济仓van中巴shuttle bus班车airport limousine机场大巴berth铺位(火车上)pullman卧铺车scenic spot景点extra charge/surcharge附加费fulling-booked满了seat arrangement/assignment定座E.T.A(estimated time of arrival)预计到达时间E.T.D(estimated time of departure)预计起飞时间常用句型I'd like to book______________________?I'd like to order_____________________?Waht hour are you open________________?waht time do you open/close___________?===雅思分类词汇===银行交易1)常用词汇bank book/pass book存折open an account开户earn interest赚取利息savings account储蓄存款帐户current account活期存款帐户check/cheque account支票帐户deposit account定期存款帐户annual interest rate年利率monthly savings account按月计息帐户daily interest account按天计息帐户instant account速成户头service charge服务费/手续费signature card签名卡draw/withdraw提款order check/cheque记名支票rubber check/cheque空头支票blank check/cheque空白支票exchange rate汇率denomination=face value面额four in hundred四张一百元面额give the money in fives/tens换成五元或十元面额bill钞票change零钱cash现金password/code密码amount in figures小写金额amount in words大写金额credit card信用卡the balance of your bank account帐户余额traveler’s check/chque旅行支票coin硬币penny便士nickel(美、加)的五分硬币dime(美、加)的十分硬币unit 货币单位value/worth面值ounce盎司1/16磅commercial/merchant bank商业银行full refund全额偿还extension延期overdraw/overdraft透支rebate回扣payday发薪日pay slip/envelop薪水单a princely sum(an excessive amount)巨款mortgage抵押by installment分期付款apply for/grant_______a loan申请/批准贷款debt债务collateral担保物fill out/in填写chquebook/checkbook支票簿loan贷款joint account联名帐户expense account公款支付帐户cashier收银员teller银行职员statement对帐单money order汇票accountant会计A.T.M自动取款机常用句型I’d like to open a_____________account.I’d like to check the present balance in ___________account.I’d like to apply for a personal loan.I’d like to change(兑换)___________for_____________.What’s the current rate?How would you like to receive your change(零钱)?还有时常会考到银行的开放时间,一般是几点到几点?还有周末或许不同(注意)===雅思分类词汇===教育这个场景比较复杂,因为考的内容会很广泛,包括:新生入学报到场景、课程设置及规定介绍场景、家庭作业分析场景、课堂演示场景日常生活咨询场景等。
雅思阅读要掌握的高频词汇

雅思阅读要掌握的高频词汇雅思阅读要掌握的高频词汇雅思英语的学习,词汇量的积累无疑是很重要的,特别是对于雅思考试中的阅读,那么现在来学习一些雅思阅读中需要掌握的高频词汇吧。
雅思阅读要掌握的词汇society n.社会, 社团social adj.社会的', 社交的socialise v.使社会化sociology n.社会学sociological adj.社会学的add vt.增加,计算...总和addition n.增加, 增加物, 加法additional adj.附加的carbon n.[化]碳carbolic adj.碳的leisure n.空闲, 闲暇concern vt.涉及, 关系到 n.(利害)关系, 关心concentrate v.集中, 浓缩雅思阅读超高频词汇concentration n.集中, 专心, 浓缩rate n.比率, 速度, 费用 vt.评价, 值得ratio n.比率reflect v.反射, 反映, 表现reflection n.反射, 倒影reflex adj.反射的,反作用的 n.反射, 反映proportion n.比例, 均衡 vt.使成比例, 使均衡disproportionate adj.不成比例的contain vt.包含, 容纳container n.容器direct adj.径直的, 直接的 vt.指引, 指示, 导演direction n.方向, 指导director n.主管, 导演directory n.姓名,地址录erupt vt.喷发eruption n.喷发雅思阅读必背高频词汇site n.地点, 场所 vt.定...的地点archaeology n.考古学archaeological adj.考古学的archaeologist n.考古学家mould n.模具 v.铸造vote n.投票, 选票,得票数vi.投票 vt.投票, 公认voter n.投票者,有投票权者occur vi.发生, 存在occurrence n.发生, 事件private adj.私人的, 私有的privacy n.隐私analyse vt.分析, 分解analysis n.分析, 分解analyst n.分析家, 分解者analytical adj.分析的, 解析的breed v.(使)繁殖,抚养 n.品种, 种类inbreed vt.生育, 生产。
雅思阅读高频分类词汇汇总

雅思阅读高频分类词汇汇总一、Animals:•pinniped:鳍足动物,如海狮和海狗。
•ungulate:有蹄类动物。
•cursorial:适合奔跑的,与有蹄类动物有关。
•arboreal:树栖的,与猴子和松鼠有关。
•cetacean:鲸类动物。
•poultry:家禽,如鸡、鸭、鹅等。
二、Environment and Ecology:•photosynthesis:光合作用。
•respiration:呼吸作用。
•recycle:回收利用,循环。
•carbon cycle:碳循环。
•methane:甲烷。
•nitrous oxide:一氧化二氮。
三、Social Sciences:•socioeconomic:社会经济的。
•inequality:不平等,不公正。
•discrimination:歧视。
•intersectionality:交叉性,指不同身份认同交织形成的复杂性和多样性。
•microaggression:微侵犯,指对少数派或弱势群体的轻微冒犯或歧视。
四、Technology:•algorithm:算法。
•binary digit:二进制位,比特。
•RAM:随机存储器。
•storage:存储。
•cloud computing:云计算。
五、Health:•cardiovascular:心血管的。
•hypertension:高血压。
•atherosclerosis:动脉硬化。
•insulin:胰岛素。
•asthma:哮喘。
六、History and Culture:•renaissance:文艺复兴。
•baroque:巴洛克风格。
•rococo:洛可可风格。
•arabesque:阿拉伯风格。
•rocaille:洛可可风格中的一种混合水与岩石的风格。
雅思阅读11类场景词

雅思阅读11类场景词
雅思阅读中可能会涉及到的11类场景词包括:
1. 自然环境类,比如forest(森林)、river(河流)、mountain(山脉)等。
2. 城市建设类,如city(城市)、building(建筑物)、road(道路)等。
3. 交通运输类,比如car(汽车)、train(火车)、airplane(飞机)等。
4. 商业经济类,比如market(市场)、economy(经济)、trade(贸易)等。
5. 教育类,如school(学校)、student(学生)、teacher (老师)等。
6. 健康医疗类,比如hospital(医院)、doctor(医生)、patient(病人)等。
7. 科技信息类,如computer(电脑)、internet(互联网)、technology(科技)等。
8. 社会文化类,比如family(家庭)、culture(文化)、society(社会)等。
9. 政治法律类,如government(政府)、law(法律)、politics(政治)等。
10. 环境保护类,比如pollution(污染)、environment(环境)、recycling(回收)等。
11. 历史人文类,如history(历史)、art(艺术)、
literature(文学)等。
以上这些场景词在雅思阅读中可能会出现,考生在备考时可以
针对这些场景词进行词汇积累和相关话题的阅读训练,以便更好地
理解和应对阅读材料。
希望以上回答能够帮助到你。
雅思阅读词汇分类

雅思阅读词汇分类一、引言雅思阅读考试是评估考生英语阅读能力的有效方式,而词汇是阅读理解的基础。
本文将按照不同的主题和领域,对雅思阅读考试中的词汇进行分类,以帮助考生更好地理解和掌握相关词汇。
二、自然科学类词汇自然科学类词汇主要包括生物、化学、物理、地质、天文等方面的词汇。
这些词汇在雅思阅读考试中经常出现,例如:biology(生物学)、chemistry(化学)、physics(物理学)、geology(地质学)、astronomy(天文学)等。
三、人文社科类词汇人文社科类词汇主要包括历史、哲学、政治、社会学、心理学等方面的词汇。
这些词汇在雅思阅读考试中同样常见,例如:history(历史)、philosophy(哲学)、politics(政治)、sociology(社会学)、psychology(心理学)等。
四、日常生活类词汇日常生活类词汇主要包括衣食住行、医疗保健、文化娱乐等方面的词汇。
这些词汇在雅思阅读考试中出现的频率也较高,例如:clothing(衣服)、food(食物)、housing(住房)、transportation(交通)、medicine(医疗)等。
五、商业经济类词汇商业经济类词汇主要包括商业、金融、经济、贸易等方面的词汇。
这些词汇在雅思阅读考试中出现的频率相对较高,例如:business(商业)、finance(金融)、economy(经济)、trade(贸易)等。
六、科技类词汇科技类词汇主要包括计算机科学、工程学、物理学等方面的词汇。
这些词汇在雅思阅读考试中出现的频率相对较低,但仍然需要考生掌握,例如:computer science(计算机科学)、engineering(工程学)、physics(物理学)等。
七、法律类词汇法律类词汇主要包括法律术语、法律程序等方面的词汇。
这些词汇在雅思阅读考试中出现的频率较低,但仍然需要考生了解和掌握,例如:jurisprudence(法律学)、procedure(程序)等。
雅思阅读分类最全词汇

第1 类自然与科技1. 1 如何减少闪电危害Reduce the Harm of Lightningantenna n. 天线breathing n. 呼吸cardiac arrest 向博[动]停止conductive adj. 传导的conductivity n. 传导性conductor of electricity 电导体conductor n. 导体confusion n. ,混乱,混淆connector n. 连接器crush vt. 压碎,碾碎,(使)变形cumulus n. 积云,堆积current n. 电流dangerous adj. 危险的disassociate v. (使)分离discontinue v. 停止,废止dwelling n. 住处electric power 电力,电功率electrical appliance 电器electrical potential 电能electrocution n. 电死evaporation n. 蒸发(作用)extinguisher n. 熄灭者,灭火器eyesignt n. 视力,目力fickle adj. 变幻无常的first aid (对伤患者的)急救forecast vt. 预测,预报,预兆;n. 预报fracture n. 破裂,骨折;v.(使)破碎,(使)破裂fuse box 保险丝盒,熔断器盒guide n. 领路人,引导者;vt. 操纵humid adj. 潮湿,湿润的,多湿气的indirect adj. 间接的,迂回的injure vt. 损害,伤害;vt. 伤害injury n. 伤害,侮辱insulating adj. 绝缘的isolated adj. 隔离的,孤立的lightning n. 闪电lightning protection 防雷法lightning storm 雷雨lightning target 闪电的目标Lightening proof adj. 防闪电的livestock n. 家畜,牲畜loss of hearing 听力丧失memory loss 记忆丧失moist adj. 潮湿的;n. 潮湿moisture-laden air 潮湿的空气mouth-to-mouth adj. 嘴对嘴的outdoors n. 户外;adv. 在户外,在野外pole n. 棒,柱,磁极,电极prompt medical attention 及时的医药治疗pulse n. 脉搏,脉冲resistance n. 阻力,电阻,阻抗resuscitation n. 复生,复兴rod n. 杆,棒shelter n. 掩蔽处,掩蔽,保护;v. 掩蔽,躲避shock n. 打击,震动,休克;vt. 使休克,使受电击Side flash n. 侧向闪光spread out 展开stoppage n. 中断stoppage of breathing 呼吸中断strike n. 打击take protective action 采取保护性措施take refuge 避难the positive and negative charges 正负电荷thunderstorm n. 雷雨,雷暴雨tingle vi. 造成麻刺的感觉;vt. 使感到刺痛unconscious adj. 不省人事的,未发觉的,无意识的unexpected adj. 想不到,意外的,未预料到的unplug v. 拔去(塞子、插头等)victim n. 受害人,牺牲品voltage n. [电工]电压,伏特数without proper protection 缺乏恰当的保护1.2 探索太空生命Life in the Outer Space abode n. 住所,住处absence n. 缺席,缺乏acceptor n. 接受者access v. 接近advanced civilization 先进的文明aerobic adj. 依靠氧气的,与需氧菌有关的agent n. 作用剂algae n. 藻类,海藻alteration n. 变更,改造alternative adj. 选择性的anaerobic adj. [ 微]没有空气而能生活的,厌氧性的analogous adj. 类似的,相似的analysis n. 分析antarctic adj. 南极的,南极地带的anticipated adj. 预先考虑到的antiquity n. 古代aquifer n. 蓄水层array n. 大批astronomer n. 天文学家atmosphere n. 大气,大气层,空气atmospheric water vapor 大气水蒸气attenuate v. 削弱avalanche n.&v. 雪崩bacteria n. 细菌biological adj. 生物学的bleak adj. 寒冷的,荒凉的carbon dioxide [化]二氧化碳catalyze vt. 催化cellular adj. 细菌的chamber n. 室chromatograph n. 套色复制clay n. 粘土,泥土clement adj. 宽厚的comment n.&v. 评论compact adj. 紧密的compelling adj. 引人注目的composition n. 成分compound n. 化合物concentrated adj. 集中的concentration n. 浓度conclusively adv. 最后的conduct n.&v. 进行confined adj. 被限制的confinement n. ( 被)限制,(被)禁闭conservatively adv. 适当的consistent adj. 一致的constituent n. 要素constraint n. 约束ncontradict vt. 同……矛盾controversy n. 论争crack n. 裂缝crater n. 坑cretaceous adj. [ 地]白垩纪的dam n. 水坝,障碍data n. 资料,数据debris n. 碎片,残骸decompose v. 分解demonstrate v. 证明deplete vt. 耗尽depletion n. 损耗deposit n. 堆积物desiccated adj. 干的,粉状的diffuse v. 扩散disassociate v. (使)分离disaster n. 灾难,灾祸discount n. 打折扣dissolve v. 溶解distributed adj. 分布的distribution n. 分布状态dweller n. 居住者,居民ecosystem n. 生态系统embedded adj. 内含的emission n. 散发,喷射enhance n. 提高envision n.想象equatorial region 中纬区,赤道区equator n. 赤道eruption n. 爆发essentially adv. 本质上evaporate v. (使)蒸发evolution n. 演变,进化existence of life 生命的存在exposed adj. 暴露的extract vt.& n. 析取fascination n. 吸引力Fe-rich clay 含丰富铁质的黏土flash adj. 突发的flow n. &v. 流动flux n. [ 物]流量,通量formation n. 形成,构成fossil adj. 化石的freeze v.(使)结冰,冻结fuel vt. 激化functional adj. 功能的gas chromatograph 气相色谱仪generating n.发生,产生geological adj. 地质学的,地质的geothermal adj. 地热的geyser n.间歇泉guarantee n.保证gully n.冲沟,溪谷habitable adj. 可居住的harsh adj. 荒芜的,苛刻的headquarters n.总部hemisphere n.半球high spatial resolution 高空间分辨率high resolution photograph 高辨析率/清晰度的相片hostility n.敌对,对抗humidity n.湿气,湿度hydration n.水合,水合作用hydrogen n.氢hydrothermal adj. 热水的hypothesize v.假设imaging n.成像inconsistent adj. 不一致的,矛盾的incorporated adj. 组成公司的,合成一体的incubation period (接种后的微生物)保温培养期incubation n.培养期indicate vt. 显示indicative adj. 指示的,预示的indigenous adj. 本土的infrared imaging system 红外线成像系统infrared adj. 红外线的inhospitable adj.(地带、气候等)不适合居住的inorganic adj. 无机的interaction n.交互作用internal adj. 内在的interpretation n.解释intriguing adj. 引起兴趣(或好奇心)的investigation n.调查,研究investigator n.调查人involve vt. 包括ionize vt. 使离子化isolated adj. 孤立的jurisprudence n. 法学lander n.登陆者latitude n.纬度launch n.& v. 发射(导弹、火箭等)layperson n.外行lichen n.[ 植]青苔,地衣local n.场所LR=laboratory reactor n.实验室反应堆lubricated adj. 润滑了的manned space flight 载人航天飞行mariner n.水手Martian adj. 火星的mass of data 大量数据mass spectrometer 质谱测量仪mechanism n.机制merit n.价值meteorite n.陨星microbe n.微生物microbial adj. 微生物的microbiological life 微生物的microorganism n.[ 微生]微生物migrate vt. 使移居,使移植mimic vt. 摹拟mineral n.矿物,矿石molecular adj. 分子的molecule n.[ 化]分子mount v.增长multi-cellular organism 多细胞生物休National Aeronautis and Space Administration (NASA) (美国)国家航空和宇宙航行局notion n.意见nutrient n.营养物observational date 观测资料[数据]orbiter n.人造卫星organic adj. 有机的organism n.生物体,有机体oxidant n.氧化剂oxidize agent 氧化剂oxygen n.氧paradise n.天堂particulate n.微粒patch n.碎片percolating n.渗透peroxide n.[ 化]过氧化物,过氧化氢pervasive adj. 普遍深入的planetary adj. 行星的plateau n.(上升后的)稳定水平(或时期、状态)plug n.塞子pockmarked adj. 有麻点的polar adj. 两极的pole n.极porous adj. 多孔渗水的portable adj. 轻便的pose v.形成postulate n.& v. 假定precipitate n.沉淀物predominance n.优势preponderance n.优势primitive microbe 简单微生物principal adj. 主要的,首要的prior to 在前,居先prior adj. 在前的problematic adj. 有疑问的prospect n.前景radioactive carbon 放射性碳radioactive adj. 放射性的,有辐射能的ravine n.沟壑,峡谷reactant n.反应物reconcile with 与……和解regolith n.[ 地质]风化层,土被reinforce n.加强release n.& vt. 释放remote sensing instrument 遥感仪器remote sensing 遥感,遥测,远距离读出reproduce v.再生reside in 居住residual adj. 剩余的,残留的respiration n.呼吸作用respire v.呼吸retrieve v.找回revive v.(使)复活,回想rift n.裂口,长狭谷rule out 排除sample n.标本,样品sediment n.沉淀物seepage n.渗流simulate vt. 模拟slope n.斜坡,斜面solar adj. 太阳的,日光的solfatara n.[ 地]硫质喷气孔solubility n.溶度sophisticated adj. 高级的,精密的space probes 宇宙探测器spacecraft n.太空船spatial resolution 空间分辨率spectrometer n.[ 物]他光计speculation n.思索startling adj. 令人吃惊的subsequently adv. 随后substantial adj. 大量的subsurface adj. 地下的suffice v.足够sufficient adj. 充分的,足够的sulfide n.< 美>[化]硫化物sulfur n.[ 化]硫磺,硫黄superoxide n.过氧化物,超氧化物surveyor n.检查员survey n.& vt. 调查tag vt. 加标签于terminal n.终端terrestrial adj. 陆地的theological adj. 神学上的theorise v.理论化ultimately adv. 最后ultraviolet radiation 紫外线ultraviolet adj. 紫外线的underground water 地下水unresolved adj. 未解决的uptake n.举起vent n.出口volume n.量,体积wavelength n.[ 物](无线电)波长xenon n.氙(惰性气体的一种,元素符号) xenon-lamp 氙灯1.3 热带雨林Tropical Rainforest abounding adj. 丰富的,大量的accelerate v.加速,促进acre n. 英亩alkaloid n.生物碱angler n.钓鱼者appreciate vt. 赏识,欣赏approximate v.近似,接近aquatic ecosystem 水生态系统avocado n.鳄梨awe-inspiring adj. 令人敬畏的bald eagle [动]秃头鹰basic food supplies 主食的供给be compatible with 与……兼容的,协调的be conquested by a totalitarian government 被极权主义政府征服be perceived as 被视为biochemist n.生物化学家biodiversity n.生物多样性biological and economic treasure 生物和经济的财富biological corridor 生物走廊biological diversity 生物多类状态,生物差异biological heritage 生物遗产biological integrity 生物的完整性biological treasure 生物宝藏biologically diverse 生物多样的bison n.美洲或欧洲的野牛black pepper 黑胡椒blame n.& vt. 谴责,责备bountiful gift 慷慨的礼物bountiful adj. 慷慨的,宽大的branded adj. 打有烙印的buffer zone 缓冲区域bull troutn 鲑鱼的一种bulldozer n.推土机bureaucracy n.官僚,官僚作风,官僚机构by virtue of 依靠,由于cancer-fighting drug 抗癌药物carnivore n.食肉动物,食虫植物cashew n.腰果catastrophe n.大灾难,大祸cayenne n.辣椒chainsaw n.链锯chocolate n.巧克力cinnamon n.肉桂citizenry n.公民,市民clear cutting 清除林木,开垦土地clove n.丁香coconut n.椰子concern n.( 利害)关系,关注congressional mandate 国会委托conifer n.[ 植]松类,针叶树connected habitat 连接成一片的动物栖息地conservation biology 保护生物学consideration n.考虑,需要考虑的事项constituent n.要素core area 核心区域culprit n.罪魁祸首cure n.治疗,疗法decimation n.大批杀害deforestation n.采伐森林deplete vt. 耗尽descendant n.后代designated adj. 指定的,派定的die out 灭绝,逐渐消失dinosaur n.恐龙disperse v.( 使)分散,(使)散开,疏散doomed adj. 命中注定的ecological integrity 生态完整economic collapse 经济崩溃ecosystem n.生态系统elk n.[ 动]麋鹿encompass v.包围,环绕endangered plant and animal 濒危的动植物endangered adj.(生命等)有危险的,有灭绝危险的,将要绝种的energy depletion 能源耗尽entomologist n.昆虫学家entrenched adj. 确立的,(风俗习惯)不容易改的environmental damage 环境损害environmental villain 破坏环境的恶棍eons n.永世,无数的年代equate v.等同于escalate v.逐步增强eviction n.驱逐exploiter n.开拓者,开发者extinction of plants and animals 动植物的灭绝extinction n.消失,消灭extinguish vt. 消灭,熄灭falcon n.[ 动](猎鸟用的)猎鹰fall victim to 成为……的牺牲品far-sighted founder 具有远见的奠基人fig n.无花果firewood n.木柴,柴火fishery n.渔业,水产业flock n.( 禽、畜等的)群forest ecosystem 森林生态系统forgive vt. 宽恕,原谅fossil n.化石fragmentation n.分裂,破碎fragmented adj. 断开的,支离破碎的fresh water 淡水fuel n.燃料fungus n.菌类,蘑菇galaxy n.银河generosity n.慷慨,宽大ginger n.生姜global warming 全球变暖grazing land for cattle 牧场grizzly bear 大灰熊grizzly n.灰熊guava n.番石榴habitat n.( 动植物的)生活环境,栖息地,居留地harbor vt. 为……提供住所;保护hectare n.公顷herds of 成群heritage n.遗产,继承权,传统immense adj. 巨大的imperil vt. 使处于危险,危害in trust 被托管indescribable adj. 难以形容的indigenous Indian tribe 当地的印第安部落industrial raw material 工业原材料inner dynamics 内在动力intact habitat 未被破坏的动植物生活环境intact adj. 完整无缺的interdependent adj. 相互依赖的interlocking network 联锁网络intertwine n.(使)纠缠,(使)缠绕intervention n.干涉intricate and fragile system 复杂脆弱的系统invertebrate adj. 无脊椎的;n.无脊椎动物irreplaceable adj. 不可替代的irresponsible stewardship 不负责任的管理者legacy n.遗赠(物),(祖先传下来的)遗产lemon n.柠檬lifeblood n.生命必须的血液,活力的源泉lobby v.游说议员,对(议员)进行疏通loss of biodiversity 生物多元化的消失loss of genetic and species diversity 基因和物种多样性的消失lucrative market 有利可图的市场lynx n.[ 动]山猫,猞猁magnitude n.巨大,(影响的)重大majesty n.雄伟malaria epidemic 疟疾流行mango n.芒果massive deforestation 大面积的砍伐林木medicinal value 药用价值metabolite n.代谢物microorganism n.微生物multi-national logging company 跨国伐木公司myriad n.无数人或物;adj. 无数的natural habitat 自然栖息地,(动植物的)生活环境natural tropical forest 天然的热带雨林nut n.坚果on a perpetual basis 永久地outcry n.大声疾呼oxygen n.[ 化]氧pacific salmon 大鳞大麻哈鱼属paradise n.天堂peregrine n.隼adj. 外来的,移位的pharmaceutical manufacturer 制药厂商pineapple n.菠萝poacher n.偷猎者pond n.池塘prescription drug 处方药private timber company 私营木材公司profound and devastating 深远和破坏性的public asset 公共财产put an end to 结束,终止quantify v.量化rain forest (热带的)雨林rainforest deforestation 砍伐雨林rainforest ingredient 雨林成分rainforest reserve 雨林保护区rainforest n.雨林ranch n.大牧场recreational from 娱乐形式release n.& vt. 释放renewable and sustainable resource 可恢复的可持续的资源replenish v.补充reproduce v.繁殖,再生resource-dependent industry 依赖于资源的行业restore vt. 恢复,使回复,修复riparian area 河岸salmon n.[ 鱼]鲑鱼,大麻哈鱼sedimentation n.沉淀,沉降self-serving adj. 自私的shamans n.僧人,巫师shelter n.庇护所shoreline n.海岸线short-sighted adj. 短视的short-term utilization 短期利用siltation n.沉积作用,淤积slaughter jaguar, ocelot, caiman and otter 屠杀美洲虎、虎猫、凯门鳄和水獭soil erosion 土壤侵蚀spice n.香料squash n.南瓜staggering adj. 令人惊讶的stake n.木桩,危险store n.& vt. 储藏,存储streamside n.河滨,河边地带stump n.树桩subarctic adj. 亚北极区的subsidize n.资助,津贴sugar cane 蔗糖sustain vt. 维持,支持sustainable adj. 可持续的terrestrial evolution 陆地进化terrestrial n.陆地the brink of ecological meltdown 生态崩溃的边缘the British Isles 大不列颠群岛the rate of destruction 破坏的速率the survival and well-being of man 人类的生存和幸福thrive v.兴旺,繁荣,茁壮成长,旺盛timber production 木材生产timber n.木材timelessness n.永恒tragic consequence 悲剧性的结局tropical rainforest 热带雨林tropical tree 热带树林tropical adj. 热带的,热情的tundra n.苔原,冻土地带unbroken adj. 未破损的,完整的unsustainable adj. 不能证实的,不能成立的,不能支持的vanilla n.香草vincristine n.[ 药]长春新碱(一种抗肿瘤药)virgin forest 原始的、未采伐过的森林wasteland n.荒地,未开垦地watershed n.分水岭western pharmaceutical 西药wilderness recreation recreation 野外娱乐wilderness n.荒野,荒地wildlife n.野生动植物yam n.山药zealot n.狂热者1.3 火山爆发The Eruption of Volcano abundant adj. 丰富的,富余的accretion n.增长accumulation n.积聚,堆积物active volcano 活火山Alaska Volcano Observatory 阿拉斯加州火山观察站aleutian island 阿留申群岛(环布于阿拉斯加半岛尖端的弧形岛屿)alternating layers of lava flows 熔岩流的交互叠层aluminum n.[ 化]铝Archean adj.[ 地质]太古代的archeology n.考古学ascending adj. 上升的,向上的ash particle 灰烬微粒awesome adj. 引起敬畏的,可怕的basaltic lave 玄武岩火山石basin-shaped adj. 盆状的beat out 敲平belated adj. 误期的,迟来的blacksmith n.铁匠blanket n.毯子,覆盖blast n.一股(气流),爆炸,冲击波blob n.一滴,水滴blocky adj. 短而结实的,斑驳的bomb n.火山口喷出的大堆球状熔岩bowl-shaped crater 碗形的火山口bubble n.泡沫bulbous adj. 球根的buoyancy n.浮性,浮力calcium n.[ 化]钙(元素符号Ca)caldera n.[ 地质]喷火山口,凹陷处。
雅思阅读分类词汇
雅思阅读分类词汇——文化类homogeneous 同质的homo + gene +ous(<> heterogeneous)^ homosexual, heterosexualmainstream 主流主流的dialect 方言(v.s. accent)discrepancy 差异misconception 误解(mis + concept + ion)= misunderstandingbarrier 障碍(物)~ bar, = barricadediscrimination 区别,歧视racial/sexual discriminationß discriminate (+against)hierarchy 等级制度heir + arch(govern) + yinsularity 岛国性质(ß insular, ^island)British industry has often been criticized for its linguistic insularity.microcosm 小天地micro + cosm(os)nostalgia = homesicknesspatriot 爱国者(<> traitor)à patriotic, patriotismcompatriot 同胞同胞的com + patriotvernacular 本地的,本国的本地话,本国话the vernacular languages of IndiaHispanic An American whose first language was Spanishimmigration 移入~ immigrant, immigratev.s. emigration (~ emigrant, emigrate)antipodes Any two places or regions on diametrically opposite sides of the Earth“from North America to the Antipodes”permeate 渗透,弥漫Smoke permeated the house.entrepreneur 企业家(~ enterprise)à entrepreneurshippractitioner 开业者,从业者praction(practice) + ercelebrity a famous person= luminary, VIPproxy 代理人anecdote 轶事(à anecdotal)notoriety 恶名(ß notorious)counterpart 对应人,对等物Who’s George Bush’s counterpart in China?^ counterculture, counterbalancepeer 同等的人凝视,窥视(~ peep)subordinate 下级下级的<> superiortactics 战术,技巧v.s. strategy (战略,策略)marketing strategy v.s. selling tactics nuance a subtle difference in meaningbenchmarking 类比分析punctual 准时的,守时的(à punctuality)absenteeism 旷工absent à absentee à absenteeismflextime 弹性工作时间flex(flexible) + timeharass 骚扰(à harassment)Mary said that Gary had sexually harassed her.redundancy 冗余,冗员network redundancydownsize 裁员(~ lay off)ballot 投票(= vote)impartial 不偏不倚的(<> partial)lobby 大堂(n.) 游说(v.)shortlist (BE) a list of applicants who have been deemed suitable and from which the successful person will be chosen à (v.)equilibrium 平衡,均衡questionnaire 调查表,问卷quantitative 定量的(<> qualitative)contingency 偶然性,偶然事件incur 招致incur debts/hatred/dangerv.s. occur, concur, recurethical 伦理的,符合伦理的~ ethics, <> unethicaldubious 疑惑的,可疑的(~ doubt)People were dubious about the result.manifestation 显示,证明(ß manifest)subtitle 字幕,副标题(sub + title)^ subsidiary, submarine, subway (BE: underground, tube), suburb(~ downtown, uptown, outskirts)dubbing 配音录制vogue 时尚^ chicbizarre 奇异的v.s. weird (怪异的)mediocre 平庸的dietitian 饮食学家(~ diet)connoisseur 行家,鉴赏家^ entrée, a la carte雅思阅读分类词汇——生物/生理类molecule 分子à molecularcell à cellularamino à amino acids (氨基酸)protein 蛋白质enzyme 酶(proteins that are produced by cells and act as catalysts in specific biochemical reactions)catalyst 催化剂chlorophyll 叶绿素“chloro-”: Clphotosynthesis 光合作用(photo + synthesis)à photosyntheticbotany 植物学(<> zoology)à botanist, botanicalflora 植物群fauna 动物群bacterium bacteria (pl.) 细菌fungus fungi (pl.) 真菌algae alga (pl.) 海藻herb à herbal: ~ teaà herbicide (^ insecticide, pesticide)carnation 康乃馨à reincarnationfade 凋谢,褪色organism 机体,组织ß organarthropod 节肢动物v.s. anthropoid (↓)reptile 爬行动物amphibian 两栖动物mammal 哺乳动物(ß mamma!)primate 灵长目动物evolution 进化(ß evolve)anthropoid 类人猿(“anthrop”: humankind)~ anthropology, philanthropyv.s. ape, gorilla, chimpanzeegene 基因^ DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)~ genome (基因组)genetics 遗传学(à genetical)helix 螺旋,螺旋壮物… analyze every single gene within the double helix of humanity’s DNAidentical 同一的~ identity (à ID card)^ clonemutation 突变gene mutationà mutable, immutable, mutantpredator 捕食者(<> prey)embryo 胚胎à embryonic (萌芽的)roe 鱼子>>> caviar (鱼子酱)tadpole 蝌蚪>>> frog, toad (^ told)caterpillar 毛毛虫(cater + pillar)The American Company: Caterpillar (CAT)grasshopper 蚱蜢,蝗虫(= locust)grass + hopper, ^ bellhopcricket 蟋蟀(另)板球butterfly v.s. moth^ dragonfly, fireflypollen 花粉传粉à pollinate, pollinationhive 蜂房>>> honey, ^ concoctionlarva larvae (pl.) 幼虫v.s. lavapupa 蛹à pupatepenguin 企鹅v.s. dolphin (海豚)raccoon 浣熊v.s. kangaroo (袋鼠)hibernate 冬眠(=hole up)torpid 麻木的,蛰伏的v.s. torpedo (鱼雷)cerebral (大)脑的hemisphere 半球(hemi + sphere)cortex 脑皮层migraine 偏头疼ß migrantsomatic 躯体的limb 四肢upper/lower limbanatomy 解剖,剖析paralyze 使瘫痪(=incapacitate, immobilize)artery 动脉(<> vein)gland 腺体pancreas 胰hormone 荷尔蒙,激素cholesterol 胆固醇efficacy 功效v.s. efficiency, effectiveness雅思阅读分类词汇——教育类accommodation (膳宿)供应= room and boardlodging 寄宿(处)lease 出租“for lease”, “to let”v.s. renttenant 房客,佃户landlord 房东à landlady(f)ß Lord, <> tenanthousemate ~ roommate, dormmate^ schoolmate, classmatedormitory 寝室(abbrev. dorm)au pair A young foreigner who lives with a family in return for doing light housework(另) = reciprocalreciprocal 相互的,互惠的hostel youth hostel~ hotelreal estate 房地产vicinity = neighborhoodflat 平的,瘪的flat tire公寓(= apartment)^ condo, studiobond = depositlinen 亚麻的亚麻织品,床单(= bed linen)utensil 器皿stationery 文具(v.s. stationary)laundry 洗衣,洗衣店cafeteria 自助餐厅~ canteencater 满足(需要)aerobics 有氧健身操“aero”: airbadminton 羽毛球(运动)baseball 棒球baseball batsquash 壁球(运动)amateur <> professionalgathering 聚会v.s. meeting, reunionexcursion 远足(= outing, expedition)commonwealth 共和国,联邦Commonwealth: 英联邦tertiary 第三的After purchasing a house and a car, the next major life expenditure is almost certainly the cost of tertiary education.primary à secondary à tertiary post-secondary “post”: afterpostgraduate, postdoctoral, post-sale, postwarilliterate 文盲不识字的il(no) + literate(words)à illiteracy (<> literacy)discipline 学科,纪律v.s. subjectterminology 术语faculty department and staff of a college/universitydean (大学)教务长curriculum 课程(= course)à extracurricular 课外的syllabus 课程提纲calendar 日历,日程(~ schedule, agenda, timetable)compulsory 强制的,必修的<> elective (选修的)examiner <> examinee^ take/sit, pass/get through, fail, retake/resitrecruit 招生,招募à recruitment= enrollprestige 声望,威信à prestigiousesteem 尊敬(n. & v.)your esteemed school/companyaptitude 智力SAT: School Aptitude Testmatriculation 录取入学vocation 职业(= calling, occupation, career)à vocationalvocational education TAFE Technical And Further Education (Australian)abbreviation 缩略(词)~ abridge (缩短,删节)transferable (学分等)可转换的scholarship 奖学金= fellowshiptutorial 辅导(课)ß tutor (= lecturer, instructor)pedagogue 教员,学究~ pedagogy (教育学,教学法)^ demagogue (政治煽动家) lexicography 词典编撰(à lexicographer)assignment 任务,(课外)作业dissertation 论文(= thesis)credential 证明,文凭“cred”: creditlinguistic credentialsalumni 校友(男)<> alumnaeoverestimate 高估(<> underestimate)decipher 解码,解释(= decode)decipher workplace culturecaliber 才干雅思阅读分类词汇——环境类conservation 保护,保存(ß conserve)v.s. conversationenvironmentalist = conservationistacid 酸酸的(<>alkali)acid raincarbon 碳(C) v.s. charcoal (炭)carbon dioxide, carbon monoxidefume exhaust fumesv.s. smoke, fog, smogpetroleum 石油à petrol (BE) = gasoline/gas (AE)à unleaded petrol/gasozone 臭氧(o + zone)ozone layerooze 渗出渗出物radiation 辐射ultraviolet(UV) radiation~ radioactivegreenhouse 温室greenhouse effect/gasessolar 太阳的(solar energy)^ lunar (lunar calendar)phenomenon 现象catastrophe = disaster, cataclysmdeterioration 恶化(ß deteriorate)extinction 灭绝(ß extinct)species endangered speciesdrought 干旱(^ “找它”)>>> famine v.s. floodingrecurrent 反复发生的re + (oc)cur + rentv.s. concurrentinundate 淹没^ “淹掉它”embankment 筑堤(em + bank + ment)sediment 沉积(物)= depositdelta 三角洲the Pearl River Deltaalluvial 冲积的desertification ß desert (v.s. dessert)dust-storm 沙尘暴^ thunderstorm, brainstormbarren 贫瘠的,不育的,无效的dune sand dunethe game “DUNE”!attributable 归因于be attributable to…deforestation 滥砍滥伐(森林)de + forest + ation<> afforestation/reforestationlog 原木,日志伐木v.s. logovegetation 植物,植被v.s. vegetable, vegetarianhabitat 栖息地ß habit (Habit is the second nature.)ecosystem 生态系统(eco + system)~ ecologyviability ß viable “vi”: life养育能力One tool for assessing the impact of forestry on the ecosystem is population viability analysis.demographic 人口统计的demo(people) + graph(write) + icinterdependence inter + dependencecounterbalance 使平衡,弥补(=offset)counter(against) + balancemechanism 机理,机制precipitation 陡降,降水(ß precipice)<> evaporationcirculation 流通,循环tide à tidal wave (海啸)<> ebb <<< earthquaketyphoon ~ tornado, hurricanemeteorology 气象(学)volcano 火山eruption 喷发(ß erupt)volcanic eruption >>> lavagranite 花岗岩imminent = impending v.s. eminentCelsius 摄氏的37OCv.s. centigradeFahrenheit 华氏的latitude 纬度(另) longitude, altitudetropical ß (the) tropicstropical/torrid zone, temperate zone, frigid zoneglacier 冰川dump 倾倒,倾销à anti-dumpingcontaminate 弄脏(à contaminant)recycle 回收再利用irreversible 不可逆的(= irrevocable)reclaim 开垦,改造à reclamationcontentious 有争议的(ß contend)Many environmental issues today are highly contentious.opt 选择(+ for) à optionprioritize 优先考虑(ß prior, priority)雅思阅读分类词汇——科技类ubiquitous 普遍存在的= omnipresent (^ omniscient, omnipotent)versatile (人)多才多艺的,(物)通用的à versatilityalchemy 炼金术transmute 变形,变质transmute silver into gold (!)arduous 艰巨的(=strenuous)an arduous taskpitfall 陷阱,未预见之困难metallurgy 冶金alloy 合金aluminum = aluminium (BE)^ calcium, uranium, radium^ copper, brass, bronze electrode 电极distill 蒸馏distilled waterquartz 石英phosphorus 磷,磷光物质inflammable 易燃的(ß flame)combustion 燃烧(à combustible)spontaneous combustion (white phosphorus) ceramic 陶瓷的瓷器(à ceramics)insulate 隔离,绝缘à insulator (<> conductor)fiber 纤维(BE: fibre)fiber optics (纤维光学)optics 光学(à optical)retina 视网膜iris 虹膜opaque 不透明的v.s. transparent, translucentmicroprocessor 微处理器^ CPU(Central Processing Unit), chipbinary 二进制的integrate à integrated, integrationintegrated circuit (IC), system integration (SI)buffer 缓冲区buffer storagebrowser 浏览器(^ IE, Netscape)hypertext 超文本envisage 想象,看作en + vis(see) + ageThe internet can be envisaged as a network of visual telephone links.momentous (极为)重要的v.s. momentaryreticular 网状的Ethernet 以太网domain 域domain namescyberlaw 网络法律“cyber-“: Internet relatedcyberlove, cybercafe, …patent 专利(à patented)v.s. copyright, ^ pirated software/VCD’schronological 按时间顺序的“chron”: time^ chronic, chronicle, chronographrobot 机器人(“肉包它”)à roboticsartificial 人造的,做作的artificial satellite/smilecone 圆锥体,锥形物the nose cone of a missileJupiter 木星^ Mercury, Venus, Mars, Saturnexorbitant 过度的,过分的,过高的ex(out) + orbit + antcentripetal 向心(力)的<> centrifugalhigh-rise 高楼(~ skyscraper)cathedral 大教堂dome 圆顶(a hemispherical roof)infrastructure 基础设施<> superstructuresewage 污水,下水道hydraulic 水力的,水压的landfill 垃圾掩埋(地)ventilation 通风thermostat 温控器thermo(hot) + stat(steady)^ thermos, thermometer, thermonuclearprefabricate 预先制造à prefab (预制的)polytechnic 各种工艺的理工学校Hong Kong Polytechnicgeometric 几何(学)的ß geometry, geo(land) + metry(measure)asymmetry 不对称a(not) + sym(same) + metry(↑)<> symmetryconcave 凹的(<> convex)bilateral 双边的,两方面的<> unilateralparadoxical “似非而是”的ß paradox (悖论)empirical 经验的empirical law/formulaclockwise 顺时针的(<> anticlockwise)雅思阅读分类词汇——心理类theorem 原理,定理v.s. theorymethodology 方法论(ß method)physiology 生理学(à physiological)psychiatry 精神病学^ psychology, psycho, psychosis, psychoanalysis correlation 相互关系à correlation coefficientsensation 感觉,知觉(另)轰动à sensationalperception 感知,认知intuition 知觉(à intuitive)ESP 第六感(Extrasensory Perception)motivate 激励à motivation (^ bonus, commission, …)incentive 激励因素stimulus 刺激à stimulate, stimulationdisorder 紊乱,失调dysfunction 机能障碍dys(=dis) + functiondissonance 不和谐,不一致dis + son(sound) +ancetrauma 创伤(à traumatic)the trauma caused by Sept. 11anxiety 焦虑(= anxiousness)depression 沮丧(de + press + ion)~ depressedv.s. repression (压抑) insomnia 失眠phobia 恐惧(症) à suffix: -phobiaacrophobia ^ acronym: IELTS, TOEFL…xenophobia a fear of foreigners or strangersclaustrophobia a fear of being closed in a confined placeallergy 过敏(症),反感(à allergic)He is allergic to card playing.propensity Most boys have a propensity of playing with machinery.= tendency, inclinationparanoid 偏执的ß paranoia (偏执狂)workaholic 工作狂(ß alcoholic)symptom 症状diagnosis 诊断(n.)ß diagnose (v.)Arthur Haily: “The Final Diagnosis”electroencephalogram 脑电图^ electrocardiogram (心电图)assertive 武断的(ß assert)therapy 治疗法group therapyhypnotism 催眠术(~ hypnotize)prescribe 开药方v.s. subscribe, describe, inscribeà prescription: ~ drugsantidepressant 抗抑郁药tranquilizer 镇静药(ß tranquil)side-effect (+s) 副作用immune 免疫的,免除的(à immunity)rehabilitation 复原,康复relapse 旧病复发,故态复萌v.s. elapse^ 子在川上曰:逝者如斯夫,不舍昼夜!chronic 慢性的adulthood <> childhoodpuberty 青春发动期adolescence 青春期(the time of life between puberty and adulthood)emotional <> rationalaffective 情感的(ß affection)sane 神智健全的à insanesuperstition 迷信à superstitioustelepathy 传心术,通灵术tele(far away) + pathy(heart)^ numerology, palmistry…apathy 无感情,无兴趣,冷漠(= indifference)a(no) + pathyv.s. sympathy: sym(same) + pathypathology 病理学,病理,病变delusion 迷惑,欺瞒v.s. illusiondisorientation 迷失(dis + orientation)~ disorientedpervert 使反常/变态反常/变态者à perversionintrospection 内省v.s. retrospection (回顾,反省)sublimation 纯化,升华ß sublimepersonality = personal characteristicsmultiple personality (多重人格) innate 天赋的in + nate(nature)= inborn, congenitalattribute 属性(à attributable)trait 特征,品质national traits 国民性vs. traitor。
雅思阅读话题词汇
雅思阅读话题词汇一、生物类(5题)题1:- 词汇:endangered species(濒危物种)- 解析:这是一个在雅思阅读生物类文章中常见的词汇。
“endangered”表示处于危险中的,“species”是物种的意思。
在很多关于环境保护、生物多样性的文章中会提到,例如描述某些动物因为栖息地破坏、非法捕猎等原因成为濒危物种。
题2:- 词汇:migration(迁徙)- 解析:常用来描述动物季节性的移动行为。
比如鸟类的迁徙,它们会根据季节变化长途飞行到不同的地方寻找食物、适宜的气候或者繁殖地。
在雅思阅读中,可能会涉及到对动物迁徙路线、迁徙原因的研究等文章内容。
题3:- 词汇:ecosystem(生态系统)- 解析:指生物群落及其生存环境共同组成的动态平衡系统。
它包含了生物(如动物、植物、微生物)和非生物(如土壤、水、空气等)要素。
阅读文章可能会探讨生态系统的平衡被打破的原因(如人类活动、气候变化等)以及带来的影响。
题4:- 词汇:adaptation(适应)- 解析:生物适应环境的能力。
例如动物为了适应寒冷的气候,可能会进化出厚厚的皮毛;植物为了在干旱地区生存,会发展出深根系以获取更多水分。
在雅思阅读中,会有文章讲述生物如何适应特殊的生存环境。
题5:- 词汇:habitat(栖息地)- 解析:是生物生活的自然环境。
不同的生物有不同的栖息地要求,像大熊猫的栖息地主要是竹林。
栖息地的破坏是导致很多生物面临生存危机的重要原因,这也是雅思阅读生物类文章经常探讨的话题。
二、科技类(5题)题6:- 词汇:innovation(创新)- 解析:在科技类文章中非常关键。
表示创造新的方法、产品或者理念等。
例如科技领域的创新推动了电子设备不断更新换代,如智能手机从功能简单到如今功能强大,就是创新的结果。
题7:- 词汇:artificial intelligence(人工智能)- 解析:简称AI。
这是当今科技领域的热门话题。
雅思阅读高频词汇_300词
多样n. 经济的adj. 语言学的adj. 语言学的adj. 生存 v. 有助于,导致 可替换的adj bilingual survive alternative disillusion
evolutiona ry circumstan ce enterprise exploitati on domestic establish hazard
dub superiorit literary y perspectiv establishment e installment mysterious immense adopt stability subtlety psychology emit proceed prior to denounce pessimistic exaggerate criticism synthetic substance domain initial dedicate comedian interpreta tion principle instinctua l cognitive evidence evaluate ignore tension empirical encycloped ias audience intellectu al preliminar y proposal
占主导,占优势的adj. dominant
approach 方法n. 接近v. respirator 呼吸的 adj. y reveal 揭露v. associate 把…联系 v. unpredicta 不可预测的adj. ble defensive 防御的 adj.
physical 物理的 身体的adj. surroundin 周围的adj. g
well-being 健康状况n.
雅思阅读词汇讲解 动物
雅思阅读词汇讲解动物摘要:1.雅思阅读考试中动物主题的词汇特点2.动物主题的高频词汇和表达3.提高阅读理解和速度的方法4.实战演练和练习建议正文:一、雅思阅读考试中动物主题的词汇特点在雅思阅读考试中,动物主题的文章占据一定比例。
这些文章通常涉及生物学、生态学、环保等领域,词汇丰富且具有一定的专业性。
因此,掌握相关词汇对于提高阅读理解和速度至关重要。
二、动物主题的高频词汇和表达1.生物多样性:biological diversity,物种多样性species diversity,遗传多样性genetic diversity2.濒危动物:endangered animal,珍稀动物rare animal,灭绝动物extinct animal3.保护措施:protection measures,自然保护区nature reserve,野生动物保护wildlife protection4.生态环境:ecological environment,生态系统ecosystem,生态环境恶化ecological degradation5.动物行为:animal behavior,繁殖行为reproductive behavior,社会行为social behavior三、提高阅读理解和速度的方法1.积累动物主题词汇:通过查阅词典、阅读相关文章等方式,逐步掌握高频词汇和表达。
2.了解文章结构:多数动物主题文章遵循“引入-论述-结论”的结构,熟悉此类文章的组织方式有助于提高阅读速度。
3.抓住关键词:在阅读过程中,注意捕捉关键词,快速理解句子和段落的意思。
4.练习猜词能力:在遇到生词时,通过上下文、词汇搭配等方式,尝试猜测词义。
四、实战演练和练习建议1.多做真题:练习雅思阅读动物主题的文章,总结自己在词汇、理解和速度方面的不足。
2.查阅词典:遇到生词时,查阅词典,了解词义及用法。
3.拓展阅读:阅读动物相关的英文文章,提高自己的阅读水平和词汇量。
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雅思阅读分类词汇1.自然与环境问题conservation 保护,保存environmentalist = conservationist acid 酸;酸的alkali 碱;carbon 碳(C)vs. charcoal (炭)carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide fume exhaust fumes vs.smoke, fog, smogpetroleum 石油petrol (BE) = gasoline/gas (AE)ozone 臭氧(o + zone)ozone layerooze 渗出渗出物radiation 辐射ultraviolet (UV) radiation~ radioactive greenhouse温室greenhouse effect/gasessolar 太阳的phenomenon 现象catastrophe = disaster, cataclysm deterioration 恶化extinction 灭绝species (endangered species) drought 干旱recurrent 反复发生的re + (oc)cur + rent vs. concurrentinundate 淹没embankment 筑堤(em + bank + ment)sediment 沉积(物)= deposit delta 三角洲the Pearl River Delta alluvial 冲积的desertification沙漠化desert vs. 沙漠dust-storm 沙尘暴barren 贫瘠的,不育的,无效的attributable 归因attributable to… deforestation 滥砍滥伐(森林)log 原木,日志伐木vs. logo vegetation 植物,植被vs.vegetable, vegetarianhabitat 栖息地ecosystem 生态系统viabilitydemographic 人口统计的interdependence counterbalance 使平衡,弥补mechanism 机理,机制precipitation 陡降,降水circulation 流通,循环typhoon,tornado,hurricane volcano 火山Celsius 摄氏的Fahrenheit 华氏的latitude 纬度longitude, altitude zone, frigid zonedump 倾倒,倾销reclaim 开垦,改造à reclamation contentious 有争议的opt 选择nprioritize 优先考虑meteorology 气象(学)volcano 火山eruption 喷发volcanic eruption granite 花岗岩imminent = impending 即将来临的vs eminent杰出的Celsius 摄氏的Fahrenheit 华氏的latitude 纬度longitude, altitude tropical (the) tropics tropical/torrid zone热带的Temperate 温带的glacier 冰川contaminate 弄脏recycle 回收再利用irreversible 不可逆的(= irrevocable)2.生物molecule 分子amino acids (氨基酸)protein 蛋白质enzyme 酶(proteins that are produced by cells and act as catalysts in specific biochemical reactions)catalyst 催化剂chlorophyll 叶绿素“chloro-”: photosynthesis 光合作用(photo + synthesis)photosynthetic botany 植物学botanist, botanical flora 植物群fauna 动物群bacterium bacteria (pl.) 细菌fungus fungi (pl.) 真菌algae alga (pl.) 海藻herbcarnation 康乃馨fade 凋谢,褪色organism 机体,组织arthropod 节肢动物vs. anthropoid 类人猿reptile 爬行动物amphibian 两栖动物mammal 哺乳动物primate 灵长目动物evolution 进化anthropology人类学家philanthropy 慈善事业ape猿gorilla 大猩猩Chimpanzee 黑猩猩gene 基因DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) genetics 遗传学geneticalhelix 螺旋,螺旋壮analyze every single gene within the double helix of humanity’s DNAidentical 同一的mutation 突变mutable, immutable, mutantpredator 捕食者embryo 胚胎roe 鱼子caviar 鱼子酱tadpole 蝌蚪frog, toad caterpillar 毛毛虫(cater + pillar) grasshopper 蚱蜢,蝗虫(= locust)cricket 蟋蟀;板球butterfly vs. mothpollen 花粉传粉pollination hive 蜂房larva larvae (pl.) 幼虫vs. lava pupa 蛹penguin 企鹅vs. dolphin (海豚) raccoon 浣熊vs. kangaroo (袋鼠) hibernate 冬眠(=hole up)torpid 麻木的,蛰伏的vs. torpedo (鱼雷)cerebral (大)脑的hemisphere 半球(hemi + sphere) cortex 脑皮层migraine 偏头疼somatic 躯体的limb 四肢upper/lower limb anatomy 解剖,剖析paralyze 使瘫痪(=incapacitate, immobilize)artery 动脉vein 静脉gland 腺体pancreas 胰hormone 荷尔蒙,激素cholesterol 胆固醇efficacy 功效vs. efficiency, effectiveness3.人类研究之心理theorem 原理,定理v.s. theory methodology 方法论physiology 生理学psychiatry 精神病学correlation 相互关系sensation 感觉,知觉;sensational perception 感知,认知intuition 直觉;intuitiveESP 第六感Extrasensory Perceptionmotivate 激励motivation incentive 激励因素ESP 第六感Extrasensory Perceptionmotivate 激励incentive 激励因素stimulus 刺激disorder 紊乱,失调dysfunction 机能障碍dissonance 不和谐,不一致trauma 创伤anxiety 焦虑= anxiousness depression 沮丧insomnia 失眠phobia 恐惧(症) à suffix: -phobia acrophobia 恐高症xenophobia 仇外者,惧外者claustrophobia 幽闭恐怖症allergy 过敏(症),反感He is allergic to card playing. propensity 倾向*Most boys have a propensity of playing with machinery.= tendency, inclination paranoid 偏执的paranoia 偏执狂workaholic 工作狂(alcoholic) symptom 症状diagnosis 诊断(n.) electroencephalogram 脑电图electrocardiogram (心电图) assertive 武断的therapy 治疗法hypnotism 催眠术(~ hypnotize) prescribe 开药方vs.subscribe, describe,antidepressant 抗抑郁药tranquilizer 镇静药side-effect (+s) 副作用immune 免疫的,免除的rehabilitation 复原,康复relapse 旧病复发,故态复萌vs. elapse 流逝(子在川上曰:逝者如斯夫,不舍昼夜!)chronic 慢性的adulthood 成人期puberty 青春发动期adolescence 青春期(the time of life between puberty and adulthood)emotional 情绪的affective 情感的sane 神智健全的insane superstition 迷信telepathy 传心术,通灵术apathy 无感情,无兴趣,冷漠(= indifference)pathology 病理学,病理,病变delusion 迷惑,欺瞒vs. illusion disorientation 迷失(dis + orientation)~ disorientedpervert 使反常/变态反常/变态者introspection 内省vs. retrospection 回顾,反省sublimation 纯化,升华personality = personal characteristics multiple personality 多重人格innate 天赋的in + nate (nature)= inborn, congenitalattribute 属性trait 特征,品质national traits 国民性vs. traitor 叛逆者4.语言5.科技ubiquitous 普遍存在的= omnipresent omniscient, omnipotentversatile (人)多才多艺的,(物)通用的alchemy 炼金术transmute 变形,变质arduous 艰巨的=strenuous pitfall 陷阱,未预见之困难metallurgy 冶金alloy 合金aluminum 铝calcium 钙uranium铀radium镭copper 铜brass黄铜bronze青铜electrode 电极distill 蒸馏distilled water quartz 石英phosphorus 磷,磷光物质inflammable 易燃的combustion 燃烧spontaneous combustionceramic 陶瓷的瓷器insulate 隔离,绝缘insulator vs. conductorfiber 纤维(BE: fibre)fiber optics 纤维光学optics 光学retina 视网膜iris 虹膜opaque 不透明的v.s. transparent, translucentmicroprocessor 微处理器binary 二进制的buffer 缓冲区buffer storage browser 浏览器hypertext 超文本envisage 想象,看作momentous (极为)重要的v.s.momentary 短暂的reticular 网状的Ethernet 以太网domain 域domain names cyberlaw 网络法律“cyber-”patent 专利chronological 按时间顺序的robot 机器人artificial 人造的,做作的artificial satellitecone 圆锥体,锥形物Jupiter 木星Mercury, Venus, Mars, Saturnexorbitant 过度的,过分的,过高的centripetal 向心(力)的centrifugal high-rise 高楼skyscraper cathedral 大教堂dome 圆顶infrastructure 基础设施superstructure 上层建筑sewage 污水,下水道hydraulic 水力的,水压的landfill 垃圾掩埋(地) ventilation 通风thermostat 温控器thermos热水器thermometer 温度计thermonuclear热核的prefabricate 预先制造polytechnic 各种工艺的理工学校Hong Kong Polytechnic geometric 几何(学)的geometry asymmetry 不对称symmetry concave 凹的convexbilateral 双边的,两方面的unilateralparadoxical “似非而是”的paradox 悖论empirical 经验的empirical law/formulaclockwise 顺时针的anticlockwise6.社会与历史homogeneous 同质的vs. homosexual, heterosexual mainstream 主流,主流的dialect 方言(vs. accent) discrepancy 差异misconception 误解(mis + concept + ion)= misunderstanding barrier 障碍(物) = barricade discrimination 区别,歧视racial/sexual discrimination hierarchy 等级制度heir + arch(govern) + yinsularity 岛国性质microcosm 小天地nostalgia = homesicknesspatriot 爱国者compatriot 同胞,同胞的com + patriotvernacular 本地的,本国的本地话,本国话*the vernacular languages of India immigration 移入~ immigrant, immigrate v.s. emigration (~ emigrant, emigrate)permeate 渗透,弥漫*Smoke permeated the house. entrepreneur 企业家entrepreneurshippractitioner 开业者,从业者celebrity 名人luminary, VIP proxy 代理人anecdote 轶事notoriety 恶名notorious counterpart 对应人,对等物peer 同等的人凝视,窥视subordinate 下级,下级的tactics 战术,技巧vs. strategy (战略,策略) marketing strategy v.s. selling tacticsnuance 细微差别benchmarking 类比分析punctual 准时的,守时的absenteeism 旷工flextime 弹性工作时间harass 骚扰harassment *Mary said that Gary had sexually harassed her.redundancy 冗余,冗员network redundancydownsize 裁员(~ lay off)ballot 投票(= vote)impartial 不偏不倚的lobby 大堂(n.) 游说(v.) shortlist (BE) (供最后挑选或考虑的)候选人名单equilibrium 平衡,均衡questionnaire 调查表,问卷quantitative 定量的vs. qualitative contingency 偶然性,偶然事件incur 招致incur debts/hatred/danger vs. occur, concur, recurethical 伦理的,符合伦理的dubious 疑惑的,可疑的*People were dubious about the result.manifestation 显示,证明manifestsubtitle 字幕,副标题subsidiary, submarine, subway (BE: underground, tube), suburb(~ downtown, uptown, outskirts) dubbing 配音录制vogue 时尚= chicbizarre 奇异的vs. weird (怪异的) mediocre 平庸的dietitian 饮食学家connoisseur 行家,鉴赏家7.教育accommodation (膳宿)供应= room and boardlodging 寄宿(处)lease 出租v.s. renttenant 房客,佃户landlord 房东landlady 房东太太tenant 租客housemate,roommate, dorm mate, schoolmate, classmatedormitory 寝室dormau pair为换取房间、住处、及学习某家语言的机会而为该家做家务的年轻外国人reciprocal 相互的,互惠的hostel 宿舍,客栈youth hostel青年旅馆real estate 房地产vicinity = neighborhoodflat 平的,瘪的flat tire公寓= apartment vs. condo, studiobond = deposit linen 亚麻的亚麻织品,bed linen 床单utensil 器皿stationery 文具vs. stationary 固定的laundry 洗衣,洗衣店cafeteria 自助餐厅= canteen cater 满足(需要)aerobics 有氧健身操“aero”: a ir badminton 羽毛球(运动) baseball 棒球baseball bat squash 壁球(运动)amateur vs. professional gathering 聚会v.s. meeting, reunionexcursion 远足= outing, expeditioncommonwealth 共和国,联邦Commonwealth英联邦tertiary 第三的post-secondary中学后Postgraduate研究生postdoctoral博士后post-sale postwarilliterate 文盲不识字的literacy discipline 学科,纪律v.s. subject terminology 术语faculty (大学的)系、科,全部教员dean (大学)教务长curriculum 课程extracurricular 课外的syllabus 课程提纲calendar 日历,日程schedule, agenda, timetablecompulsory 强制的,必修的elective 选修的examiner vs. examineerecruit 招生,招募recruitment= enrollprestige 声望,威信prestigious esteem 尊敬n. & v.aptitude 智力SAT: School Aptitude Test matriculation 录取入学vocation 职业= calling, occupation, careerabbreviation 缩略(词) abridge 缩短,删节transferable (学分等)可转换的scholarship 奖学金= fellowship tutorial 辅导(课) tutor = lecturer, instructorpedagogue 教员,学究pedagogy 教育学,教学法lexicography 词典编撰assignment 任务,(课外)作业dissertation 论文(= thesis) credential 证明,文凭credentials alumni 校友(男) vs. alumnae overestimate 高估vs. underestimatedecipher 解码,解释= decode caliber 才干火山爆发abundant adj. 丰富的,富余的accretion n. 增长accumulation n. 积聚,堆积物active volcano 活火山Alaska V olcano Observatory 阿拉斯加州火山观察站Aleutian Islands 阿留申群岛alternating layers of lava flows 熔岩流的交互叠层Archean adj. [地质]太古代的Archeology n. 考古学ascending adj. 上升的,向上的ash particle 灰烬微粒avalanche n.&v. 雪崩awesome adj. 引起敬畏的,可怕的basaltic lava 玄武岩火山石basin-shaped adj. 盆状的beat out 敲平belated adj. 误期的,迟来的blacksmith n. 铁匠blanket n. 毯子,覆盖blast n. 一股(气流),爆炸,冲击波blob n. 一滴,水滴blocky adj. 短而结实的,斑驳的bombs n. 火山口喷出的大堆球状熔岩bowl-shaped crater 碗型的火山口bubble n. 泡沫bulbous adj. 球根的buoyancy n. 浮性,浮力calcium n. [化]钙(元素符号ca)caldera n. [地质]喷火山口,凹陷处carbon dioxide [化] 二氧化碳carbonated soft drink 碳酸饮料Caribbean n. 加勒比海catastrophic adj. 悲惨的,灾难的chimney n. 烟囱,灯罩cinder cone 火山渣形成的圆锥体circular depression 圆形的凹陷circular adj. 圆形的,循环的composite volcano 复式火山conduit n. 导管,沟渠conduit system 沟渠系统cone n. 锥形物,圆锥体congeal v. (使)冻结,(使)凝结conical hill 圆锥型的小山Cotopaxi n. 科多帕希火山(在厄瓜多尔北部)coulee n. 深谷,[地质]熔岩流craggy adj. 陡峭的crater n. 坑crumple v. 弄皱,压皱crystal adj. 结晶状的;n.晶体crystalline adj. 水晶的crystallization n. 结晶化cubic kilometer 立方公里debris n. 碎片,残骸demolish vt. 毁坏,破坏dense clouds of lava fragments 浓密的火山岩碎片descend on 袭击destructive power 破坏力devastate vt. 毁坏diameter n. 直径dike n. 堤防dissolved gases 稀释的气体dome n. 圆屋顶domical shape 圆顶型dormancy n. 睡眠,冬眠dormant adj. 睡眠状态的,静止的downslope adj. 下坡的;adv.向着坡下Earth's crust 地壳ejected material 喷射出来的物质elongate v. 拉长,(使)伸长embedded adj. 植入的,内含的emission n. (光、热等的)散发,发射,喷射Enceladus n. 土卫[希神]恩克拉多斯(反叛众神的巨人)eon n. 永世,无数的年代erosion n. 腐蚀,侵蚀formation of cone 火山口的形成lava flow 熔岩流eruption n. 爆发,火山灰evacuate v. 撤退evolve v.(使)发展,(使)进展exhume vt. 掘出,发射fanning n. 铺开,展开fertile adj. 肥沃的,富饶的fissure n. 裂缝,裂沟flank n. 侧面flooding n. 泛滥,水灾fluid lava flow 流动的熔岩流folding adj. 可折叠的force of gravity 重力,地心引力forge v. 铸造fracture n. 破裂fragment n. 碎片,断片froth n. 泡沫,废物Fuji n. 富士山(在日本本州岛上的死火山)funnel-shaped crater 漏斗型的火山口gas pressure 气压gaseous adj.气体的,气态的geologic adj. 地质(学)的,地质(学)上的geologist n. 地质学者geophysicist n. 地球物理学者glassy adj. 像玻璃的granitic adj. 花岗石的,由花岗岩形成的hemisphere n. 半球high-velocity adj. 高速的igneous adj. 火的,似火的[地]火成的imaging n.[计]成像imperceptible adj. 觉察不到的,感觉不到的,极细微的incandescent adj.遇热发光的,白炽的inferno n. 阴间,地狱ingredient n. 成分,因素interfere with 妨碍intermittently adv. 间歇地island chain 列岛Jupiter n. 木星Kamchatka n. 勘察加半岛(苏联东北部)landscape n. 风景,地形landslide n.[山崩],崩塌的泥石lava dome 圆顶火山lava plateau 火山岩高地lava n. 熔岩,火山岩linear chain 线形链live in harmony with 与......和睦相处magma n. 岩浆magnesium n.[化]镁magnitude n. 量级majestic adj. 宏伟的,庄严的manganese n. 锰(元素符号为Mn)mantle composition 覆盖物的成分Mercury n. 水星molten v. 溶化;adj. 熔铸的monitor n. 监视器,监控mudflow n.[地] 泥流Neptune n. [天]海王星non-explosive lava flows 非爆炸性的火山岩流oval adj. 卵形的,椭圆的oxygen n.[化]氧particle n. 粒子,微粒pasty adj.浆状的Pele, Goddess of V olcanoes 火山女神pent adj.被关闭的,郁积的periodic violent unleashing 周期性的猛烈释放plain n. 平原,草原planetary probe 行星探测器planetary scientist 行星科学家Pompeii n. 庞培(意大利古都,公元79年火山爆发,全城淹没)population density 人口密度potassium n. [化]钾precipitate n. 沉淀物;v. 使沉淀precursory adj. 预示的,先驱的probe n. 探测器profile n. 剖面,侧面,外形project v. 凸出prominent adj. 显著的,突出的property damage 财务损坏pumice n. 轻石,浮石pyroclastic flow [地质]火成碎屑流,火山灰流quench v. 熄灭,平息reawaken v. 再度觉醒reemergence n. 再度出现reminder n. 提醒的人,暗示reservoir n. 水库,蓄水池resurgent adj. 复活的rift zone 断裂区Saturn n. [天]土星sculpt v. 雕刻,造型seismograph n. 地震仪,测震仪shatter n. 粉碎,碎片;vt. 粉碎,破坏shield volcano 盾状火山Sierra Nevada 内华达山脉silicate n.[化] 硅酸盐silicon n. [化] 硅sloping cone 有坡度的圆锥体sodium n.[化]钠solar system [天]太阳系solidification n. 凝固solidify v.(使)凝固,巩固spine n. 脊骨,地面隆起地带spiteful adj. 怀恨的,恶意的steep-sided, symmetrical cone 陡峭和对称的圆锥体steep-walled adj. 峭壁的stratospheric winds 同温层风stratovolcanoes n. 层云火山succession n. 连续,连续性sulfur dioxide n. [化]二氧化碳summit n. 顶点supernatural adj. 超自然的,神奇的sustain vt.支撑,撑住,维持swarm n. 一大群swelling n. 河水猛涨,涨水telltale remnant 证据性的残余物terrane n. 岩石Titan n.[希腊]提坦,太阳神titanium n.[化]钛trace n. 微量Triton n. 海卫,[希神]人身鱼尾的海神tsunami n. 海啸uplift v.& n.升起vegetation n. [植]植被,(总称)植物ventilated adj. 通风的vent n. 通风孔,出烟孔,出口Venus n. [罗神]维纳斯,[天]金星Vesuvius n. 维苏威火山viscous adj.粘性的,粘滞的volcanic activity 火山活动volcanic ash and dust 火山灰尘volcanic ash 火山灰volcanic cinders 火山灰volcanic dust 火山尘土volcanic eruption 火山爆发volcanic feature 火山特征volcanic landform 火山地形volcanic lava dome 火山岩圆顶volcanic terrain 火山地形volcanic vent 火山口volcanism n. 火山作用volcano n. 火山volcanologist n. 火山学家weathering n. 侵蚀,风化whopping adj. 巨大的,庞大的wrathful adj. 愤怒的,激怒的Yosemite National Park (美国加利福尼亚州中部)约塞米蒂国家公园zircon n. 锆石。