介词 关系词引导的定语从句
“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句_
“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句_介词+关系代词引导的定语从句介词+关系代词引导定语从句时，关系代词常用 which （指物） whom(指人），即介词+which/whom。
1.当介词放在关系代词的前面时，关系代词which或whom不能省略。
He paid the boy $ 10 for washing ten windows, most of which had t been cleaned for at least a year.他付给那个男孩10美元擦洗10扇窗户，这10扇窗户中大部分至少一年没擦了。
In the dark street, there wasn t a single person to whom she couid turn.在黑暗的街道上,她没有一个可以求助的人。
定语从句中，当介词位于定语从句的末 which (指物），that/whom/who (指人）作介词的宾语，而且作介词宾语的关系代词可以省略。
This is the hero that/who/whom/(可省略) we are proud of.这是我们引以为荣的那个英雄。
This is the pen that/which/(可省略) I I wrote the letter with.这是我写信时用的那支钢笔。
【温馨提示】①有些动词+介词的固定词组不可把介词置于关系代词前。
这就是我正在找的磁带。
[误]This is the right tape for which I m looking, [正]This is the right tape that I m looking for.②常见的不可拆开的动词词组有：care for 喜欢,关心deal with 处理，对付get through 通过;到达;接通电话hear from/of 收到某人的来信/听说look for/after寻找/照顾send for派人去请see to照管，料理3.复合介词短语+关系代词which 引导的定语从句，这种结构引导的定语从句常与先行词用逗号分开，定语从句常用倒装语序。
介词加关系代词引导的定语从句
>由介词 + which / whom引导的定语从句例句：1) Have you ever dreamed of playing in front of thousands of people at a concert, at which everyone is clapping and appreciating your music2) They may start as a group of high-school students, for whom practising their music in someone’s house is the first step to fame.3) Later they may give performances in pubs or clubs, for which they are paid in cash.4) The musicians were to play jokes on each other as well as play music, most of which was based loosely on the Beatles.5) However, after a year or so in which they became more serious about their work, the Monkees started to play and sing their own songs like a real band.6) They produced a new record in 1996, with which they celebrated their former time as a real band.}“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，是定语从句一种介词前置的定语从句句型，介词与关系代词之间存在一种介宾关系。
介词+关系代词引导的定语从句
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“介词+关系代词” 1、领先行词指人时用“介词+ whom ” 引导的定语从句
2、领先行词指物时用“介词+ which ”
Summary
3、whose是who的全部格，在定语从句中作 ____定__语_ 修饰其后的名词。
4、whose+名词，相当于 “名词+of+ whom / which ”。
M1U2 Grammar
Prep. +
which
Prep. + whom
Xu Miao
整体表现
• 较好
Comments
特别优秀的同学： 还需努力的同学：
• 郑芳、钟旋、罗倩、 唐欣纯、周梦园、陈 思佳、朱碧云、刘建 智、盛安、江俊林、 谭安琦、周敏、赵子 檬、刘婕
• 邹熙、邓佳豪、黄帅、 欧志远
Learning aims：
二、改错题 1、He will never forget the day in which he was received by . 2、Have you read the book from that the text is taken? 3、Who is the person you just shook hands with him? 4、The guide with whom help they climbed the mountain was patient.
介词+关系词引导的定语从句
介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
介词加关系代词引导的定语从句要注意以下几点：
1．“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句时，介词的宾语只能用which（指物）和whom（指人），即：介词+which/whom。
不能用that和who。
e.g.Thisistheteacherfromwhomwe’velearnedalot.这就是从他那里我们学了很多东西的老师。
5．引导定语从句的关系副词(when,where,why)可以用“介词+关系代词”代替。
e.g.I’llneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedtheparty.(when=onwhich).我永远都不会忘记入党的日子。
Thefactorywheremyfatherworksisintheeastofthecity.(where=inwhich).父亲工作的那家工厂在城东。
来源：网络转载
NoneofusknowthereasonwhyTomwasabsentfromthemeeting.(why=forwhich).我们都不知道汤姆缺席会议的原因。
6．“复合介词短语+which”引导的定语从句，常与先行词用逗号隔开，而且定语从句常用倒装语序。
e.g.Helivedinabighouse,infrontofwhichstoodabigtalltree.他住在一幢大房子里，房前有一棵大树。
来源：网络转载。
高中英语语法：介词加关系代词引导的定语从句
高中英语语法“介词+ which / whom”引导的定语从句“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，是定语从句一种介词前置的定语从句句型，介词与关系代词之间存在一种介宾关系。
当关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，把介词置于关系代词前，即演变出“介词+关系代词”句型。
例如：The man who/whom /that you spoke to is a teacher.=The man to whom you spoke is a teacher.一、基本构成1.“介词+关系代词”结构引导的定语从句中，关系代词只能用which（指物）或whom(指人) ，即：介词+which/whom。
（1）The man to whom you spoke is a teacher.（2）The city in which she lives is far away.（3）The little girl is reading a book,in which there are many cartoons.注意：当介词放在关系代词的前面时，用在介词后的关系代词不能省略。
2.在限制性定语从句中，当介词置于定语从句的谓语动词之后时，可用that/which(指物)；that/who/whom（指人）作介词的宾语.且此处关系代词可以省略，特别是在口语中。
如：（1) The man (who/whom /that )you spoke to is a teacher.（2）The city（which/that）she lives in is far away.注：通常介词放在定语从句中动词后，也可以放在关系代词前面，但有些特殊动词短语搭配不能拆分，介词只能放在动词后，如：look for, look after, pay attention to ,take care of , look forward to, listen to等。
介词加关系代词引导的定语从句
介词+关系代词引导的定语从句（一）“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句是定语从句的一种复杂形式，这类定语从句的关系代词主要有which ,whom , whose , 它们既可以引导限定性定语从句，也可以引导非限定性定语从句。
关系代词前该选用什么样的介词，要根据不同的语境、习语、惯用法等来决定。
一．介词选择的主要标准1.介词与定语从句的先行词是一种习惯性搭配Human facial expressions differ from those animals in the degree to which they can be controlled on purpose.人类的面部表情和动物的面部表情就可控制的程度来说是不一样的。
( to a degree )The gentleman about whom you told me yesterday proved to be a thief.你昨天告诉我的那个绅士被证明是个小偷。
( tell sb. about sb./ sth. ) The English play in which my students acted at the New Year’s party was a great success.那场在新年晚会上我学生参加表演的英语剧很成功。
( in the play )The schools themselves admit that not all children will be successful in the jobs for which they are being trained.学校本身承认，并不是所有的孩子都能在他们所接受的培训的职业成功。
( be trained for the job ) 2.介词与定语从句中的动词是一种习惯性搭配Who is the man with whom our teacher is shaking hands? 我们的老师与之握手的那个男士是谁？ ( shake hands with sb. )Last month , part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods , from whose effects the people are still suffering. 上个月，东南亚的部分地区发生洪水，人们还在遭受着洪水所带来的影响。
介词关系代词引导的定语从句
定语从句之—介词+关系代词词The Attributive Clause关系代词的用法；在复合句中修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的名词或代词后面。
定语从句所修饰的名词或代词称为先行词。
引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that ，which ，who ，whom ，whose 。
考查重点定语从句定语从句是中考必考考点之一，主要考查的是时态及宾语从句的语序，有时也会考查定语从句的引导词。
考查的主要形式是单项填空、完形填空、短文填空和完成句子。
阅读理解和书面表达肯定也会考查到定语从句。
因此学生要熟练掌握定语从句的用法。
关系代词引导的定语从句最为常见和常考。
命题趋势引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词，关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的重要成分。
常见的关系代词包括that， which， who（宾格whom，所有格whose）等关系副词包括where， when， why等根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。
限制性定语从句：紧跟先行词，主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不可省去。
非限制性定语从句：主句与从句之间有逗号分开，起补充说明作用，如省去，意思仍完整。
关系代词：who、that、whom、whose、which 做作主主语做宾语语1）指人：who/that 指物：which/that 2）指人：who/whom/that/省略指物：which/that/省略► The man who/tha t spoke at the ► The building which/that is ► I visited a scientist whose name is known all over themeeting is from Hong Kong.会上发言的人来自香港。
介词加关系代词引导的定语从句
介词+关系代词引导的定语从句（一）“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句是定语从句的一种复杂形式，这类定语从句的关系代词主要有which ,whom , whose , 它们既可以引导限定性定语从句，也可以引导非限定性定语从句。
关系代词前该选用什么样的介词，要根据不同的语境、习语、惯用法等来决定。
一．介词选择的主要标准1.介词与定语从句的先行词是一种习惯性搭配Human facial expressions differ from those animals in the degree to which they can be controlled on purpose.人类的面部表情和动物的面部表情就可控制的程度来说是不一样的。
( to a degree )The gentleman about whom you told me yesterday proved to be a thief.你昨天告诉我的那个绅士被证明是个小偷。
( tell sb. about sb./ sth. ) The English play in which my students acted at the New Year’s party was a great success.那场在新年晚会上我学生参加表演的英语剧很成功。
( in the play )The schools themselves admit that not all children will be successful in the jobs for which they are being trained.学校本身承认，并不是所有的孩子都能在他们所接受的培训的职业成功。
( be trained for the job ) 2.介词与定语从句中的动词是一种习惯性搭配Who is the man with whom our teacher is shaking hands? 我们的老师与之握手的那个男士是谁？ ( shake hands with sb. )Last month , part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods , from whose effects the people are still suffering. 上个月，东南亚的部分地区发生洪水，人们还在遭受着洪水所带来的影响。
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介词+关系代词引导的定语从句【知识点1】直接位于介词之后的关系代词只能是which或whom，构成介词+which（指物）；介词+whom （指人）两种结构。
【例】The man to whom you talk just now is a famous runner.【例】The service about which the students complain a lot should be improved.【例】He is a library assistant from whom I borrowed some books.【例】It is a famous school from which he graduated 3 years ago.【例】The chair on which he is sitting now is made of wood.【知识点2】直接位于介词后面的关系代词不能省略，但如果将介词移于句子末尾而不位于关系代词之前时，可省。
【例】The man (who/that/whom) you talk to just now is a famous runner.【例】The service (which/that) the students complain about a lot should be improved.【例】He is a library assistant (whom/that/who) I borrowed some books from.【例】It is a famous school (which/that) he graduated from 3 years ago.【例】The chair (which/that) he is sitting on now is made of wood.【知识点3】关系副词when, where, why 可以相应地转化为：介词+which结构。
【例】This is the house where I lived two years ago.=This is the house in which I lived two years ago.【例】Do you remember the day when you joined our club?=Do you remember the day on which you joined our club?【例】I don’t know the reason why he said so.=I don’t know the reason for which he said so.【知识点4】有一些动词短语中的介词是固定搭配，不可以拆开，一般还是放在动语之后，不提前：【例】He is the student (who/whom/that) the teachers are looking for.【例】The number of the children (who/whom/that) she takes care of is 30.【知识点5】注意复杂介词短语+which或whom引导的定语从句，是高考考查热点。
【例】They finally climbed up the mountain, on top of which many strange birds were seen.【例】Look at the photo. This is Mr. Green, in front of whom sit three students.【知识点6】不定代词+of+ which/ whom 引导的定语从句可化为of+ which/ whom+ 不定代词结构；这也是高考常考点。
其中用到的不定代词有some, any, none, both, all, many, a few, few, a little, little, either, neither, one, 等等。
【例】There are 40 students in our class, most of whom（=of whom most）like English.【例】These are books written by Mark Twain, one of which（=of which one）was read to me by my father 【例】She has two sons, neither of whom（=of whom neither）is a teacher.【例】She has many books, none of which(=of which none) is interesting.【知识点7】关系代词whose+名词引导的定语从句可转化为the+名词+of+ which / whom 或of+ which/whom+ the +名词结构；of 表所属关系。
【例】I live in a room whose windows are all broken.=I live in a room of which the windows are all broken.= I live in a room the windows of which are all broken.【例】This is my teacher whose handwriting is excellent.= This is my teacher the handwriting of whom is excellent.= This is my teacher of whom the handwriting is excellent.【知识点8】由介词+关系代词引导的定语从句，当主从句主语一致时，定语从句可缩略为：介词+ which/whom+ to do 结构。
【例】I have a small room in which I live in.=I have a small room in which to live.=I have a small room to live in.【例】He has a good friend to whom he can turn for help.=He has a good friend to whom to turn for help.=He has a good friend to turn to for help.【知识点9】介词后不一定只能接关系代词，可能会接关系副词，主要取决于介词及句子意思。
【例】He used to live in London, from where he came from.【例】He graduated from Beijing University in 1988, since when he has improved himself in all aspects.【知识点10】如何确定关系代词前的介词：将定语从句还原：构成两个搭配，即从句谓语部分与介词的适当搭配；介词与先行词的正确搭配。
【例】The picture ______which he paid $100 was once owned by a king.【析】定语从句谓语是pay some money；先行词为the picture；还原句子即：He paid $100 ____ the picture.在本句中填上合适介词；构成短语：pay some money for something。
【例】This is Tom Sawyer, ______ whom his teacher is proud.【析】还原：His teacher is proud ___ Tom Sawyer.构成短语：be proud of。
【例】Can you think of a situation __in__ which this word can be used?【例】I’m grateful to him for that advice, __to__ which I owed all my success.练习题一、填入“介词＋关系代词（即介词+which/whom）：1. The ship, ___ _ the Europeans sailed to the American continent, was called the Mayflower.2. The family ________ _ I stayed in Rome is coming to England soon.3. He has written a book, the name________ _ I have completely forgotten.4. It is a family of 8 children, all ___ _ are studying music.5. Can you suggest a time ____ _ it will be convenient to meet?6. The town, _________ they came, was in the north of the province.7. Here are some blouses, none ____ suits me.8. The fur coat _____ _ the lady was dressed was very expensive.9. The emperor, _______ _ the palace was built, was very cruel.10. Little Peter had a dream ___ _ he was taken to the amusement park.11. He spent a wonderful summer, ____ _ he joined us in the camping trip.12. The money, ___ _ he bought the bike, was given by his grandfather.13. The buses, most _______ _ were already full, left the school one after another.14. Ann White, _____ _ we received the invitation, lives next door to us.15. The story, ________ the film is based, is a true one.16. The USA is a large country _____________ many different dialects are spoken.二、介词填空：1.The speed____ which you drive your car mustn’t too high.2.In the park there are many flowers, the color_____ which is bright and nice.3.The little girl is reading a book,_____ which there are many pictures.4.What were the things_______ which he was not too sure?5.They held a meeting,____ which the hospital director made a speech.6.The book,_____ which he paid 6 Yuan, is worth reading.7.Is this the man____ whose house the police found the lost colored TV?8.The villagers dug along tunnel________ which they could go to the fields without being found by the Japanese soldiers.9.Wu Dong,_____ whom I went to the concert, enjoyed it very much.10.The stories about Long March,_____ which this is one example, are well written.三、单选选择：1. He was educated at a local grammar school, ____ he went on to Cambridge. （05山东卷）A. from whichB. after thatC. after whichD. from this2.She was educated at Beijing University, ________ she went on to have her advanced study abroad. （06陕西卷）A. after thatB. from thatC. from whichD. after which3.Gun control is a subject _________Americans have argued for a long time. (09陕西卷)A. of whichB. with whichC. about whichD. into which4.Wind power is an ancient source of energy ______we may return in the near future. （10山东卷）A. on whichB. by whichC. to whichD. from which5.The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people ,many of ________left their village homes for a better life in the city.(10浙卷)A.whomB.whichC.themD.whose6.The English play _____ my students acted at the New Year’s party was a great success. （04全国I）A.for whichB. at whichC. in whichD. on which7. The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, _____ the s ailing time was 226 days. （04广西）A. of whichB. during whichC. from whichD. for which8. Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes ______ people were eaten by the tiger. (05广东卷)A. in whichB. by whichC. whichD. that9. She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction _____had taken more than three years. （11江西卷）A.for whichB. with whichC. of whichD. to which10.The place ____ the bridge is supposed to be built should be ___ the cross-river traffic is the heaviest. (05江苏卷)A. which; whereB. at which; whichC. at which; whereD. which; in which11.Eric received training in the computer for one year,______he found a job in a big company.A.after thatB.after whichC.after itD.after this12.Villagers here depend on the fishing industry,________there won't be much work.A.whereB.thatC.by whichD.without whichst week,only two people came to look at the house,________wanted to buy it.A.none of themB.both of themC.none of whomD.neither of whom14. In the office I never seem to have time until after 5：30 pm_______，many people have gone home.A.whose timeB.thatC.on whichD.by which time15.Whenever I met her, _______was fairly often,she greeted me with a sweet smile.(09山东)A.whoB.whichC.whenD.that16.She brought with her three friends,none of ______I had ever met before. (09海南)A.themB.whoC.whomD.these17.Many children, _________parents are away working in big cities,are taken good care of in the village. (09安徽）A.theirB.whoseC.of themD.with whom18.I was born in New Orleans, Louisiana, a city ________name will create a picture of beautiful trees and green grass in our mind.(09湖南）A.WhichB.of whichC.thatD.whose答案1. on which2. in which3. of which4. of who5. at which6. from which7. of which8.in which 9. for whom 10. in which 11. during which 12. with which 13. of which 14. from which 15. on which答案1. at2.of 3 in 4 about 5. at 6. for 7. in 8 through 9. with 10 of1-5：C D C C A 6-10：C A A C C 11-18：B D D D B C B D。