自考 英语 模考阅读一
全国高等自学考试综合英语一全真模拟卷及答案解析
全国高等自学考试综合英语（一）全真模拟卷及答案解析1.用适当的语法形式或词汇填空。
从a、b、c、d四个选项中, 选出一个正确答案。
1.Childre.wh.ar.over-protecte.b.thei.parent.ma.become_____.a.hur.b.tame.c.destroye.d.spoiled答案: d解析: 句意为: “过分受父母保护的孩子可能会被惯坏”。
hurt “指对身体或感情上的伤害”。
destroy“毁坏, 消灭”。
tame“驯服”。
spoil“宠坏, 惯确良坏”。
spoiled的过去分词形式也可看做是形容词“宠坏了的”。
2.I‘v.bee.tellin.you_____no.t.d.that，bu.yo.nev.listene.t.me.That’.wh.yo.go.int.trouble.a.at timesb.time before timec.time and againd.for the time being答案: c解析: time and again相当于“time and time again”, 意思是“一次又一次地, 再三地”, 正合题意。
at times指“有时, 偶尔”。
for the time being意思是“暂时”。
不存在b项这种表达法。
3._____h.speak.softl.i.n.proo.tha.h.i.kind.a.Sinceb.Asc.Thatd.Because答案: c解析: that做主语从句he speaks softly的引导词, 没有实际意义。
4.Bein.extremely_____t.th.cold，.d.no.lik.skating.a.sensitiveb.senselessc.insensitived.sensible答案: a解析: sensitive“对某事很敏感”, 后跟介词to.本句意思是: “我对冷很敏感, 所以不喜欢滑冰。
2023年自考专业英语英语阅读一模拟试题及答案1
自考专业(英语)英语阅读（一）模拟试题及答案1一、CAREFUL READINGRead the following passages carefully. Decide on the best answer and blacken the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points, 2 points each)1、Passage 1Children display an amazing ability to become fluent speakers of any language consistently spoken around them. Every normal child who is not brought up in virtual isolation from language use soon comes to speak one or more languages natively. The childs acquisition of his or her native language is not dependent on any special tutoring. Parents may spend many hours reinforcing every recognizable bit of their childs verbal activity with smile or some other reward. But there is no particular reason to believe that such activity affects the childs ultimate success in becoming a native speaker of his parents language. Children can pick up a language by playing with other children who happen to speak it just as well as they can through the concentrated efforts of doting parents. All they seem to need is sufficient exposure to the language inquestion. This capacity for acquiring language is remarkable for number of reasons. It is remarkable firstly because of its uniformity throughout the human race. There simply are no cases of normal children who, when they are given the chances, fail to acquire native language. By way of comparison, it is not at all unusual for a child to fail to master arithmetic, reading, swimming, or gymnast a considerable amount of instruction. Language acquisition, in other words, is inherently, It is also species specific Every normal person learns a human language but no other animals, not even the most intelligent apes, has been shown to be capable of making the slightest progress in this direction, although some animals can learn to solve problems, use tools, and so on. Language acquisition thus appears to be kind from acquisition of the other skills mentioned The progress is further remarkable for its comparative speed and perfection. When we actually attempt to take a language apart to see how it works, we find it is extraordinarily complex and it involves highly abstract organizational principles. Yet, within the first few years of his life, every child has succeeded in mastering at least one such system. Furthermore, the linguistic system that the child masters is identical to the one employed by the people aroundhim or her. If a child is regularly exposed to two languages, he will very probably learn both. Moreover, they will succeed in keeping the two linguistic systems separate, which is a considerable achievement.What is most important in native language acquisition?A.Tutoring.B.Reinforcement.C.Exposure.D.Concentration.2、Which of the following is easier to learn for normal children?A.Native language.B.ArithmeticC.SwimmingD.Gymnastics3、 When the author says that language is "inherently human", he means thatA.human beings learn language faster than animalsB.all human beings share the same linguistic systemC.all human beings are capable of language acquisitionD.the principles of different languages are the same4、 Which of the following is true according to the passage?A.Apes have no intelligence whatsoever.B.Apes can make slow progress in language learning.nguage learning is beyond even the most intelligent ape.D.Some species of apes have their own specific language.5、 Since language is complex, it is remarkable that childrenpare their native language to other languagesB.learn their native language so quickly and so wellC.master one such systemD.learn the language for practical purposes6、Passage 2 When youre negotiating with someone, listen for the messages that he or she might be sending to you. For example, the word difficult does not mean the same as impossible. Imagine youre staying in a hotel, and you want to change your room. The managers answer of, That would be very difficult, sir, does not mean that he is saying no. It just means that he wants to know what you are prepared to offer him in return for the change of room. If you are buying a new car, and want to pay less than the price being asked, then the salesmans comment, Im sorry, but we never negotiate on the price, means that they do negotiate on other things, like the delivery time, or the extra that might be available as part of the purchase. In the same car showroom, if the salesman says, Sorry, I cant negotiateprices, then should be to ask who can. The message the salesman is sending suggests that his boss is the one you need to be talking to. In all of these situations, the message is never communicated in clear terms. In any negotiation, the two players wish to get as much out of it as they can, of course. In the three examples above, the salesmen and the hotel manager are hoping that you will accept their price or conditions-but their messages make it clear that there may be room for movement and compromise. In a successful negotiation, the two sides move towards each other and reach agreement on conditions that satisfy both sides.The hotel managers answer That would be very difficult, sir implies( )A.you can change the room if you find some excuseB.someone else has paid more for the room under discussionC.the room is available if an extra sum of money is offeredD.someone else has booked the room in return for more money7、 When the salesmen tell you that they never negotiate on the price, you can( )A.negotiate the price with the managerB.demand to see the one who canC.find out other possibilities in the purchaseD.accept the price without any further negotiation8、 This passage is intended for( )A.managersB.customersC.salesmenD.scholars9、 The passage tells us how to( )A.send messages in negotiationB.become a successful salesmanC.profit from business transactionsD.receive messages in a negotiation10、 It can be safely concluded from the passage that( )A.at least two players should be in the room for communicationB.a lot can be inferred from what is actually stated in a negotiationC.you should never communicate your ideas in clear termsD.you should play the roles of a salesman and manager in a negotiation11、Passage 3 In recent years, Israeli consumers have grown more demanding as theyve become wealthier and more worldly wise. Foreign travel is a national passion: this summer alone, one in 10 citizens will go abroad. Exposed to higher standards ofservice elsewhere, Israelis are returning home expecting the same. American firms have also begun arriving in large numbers. Chains such as KFC, McDonalds and Pizza Hut are setting a new standard of customer service, using strict employee g and constant monitoring to ensure the friendliness of frontline staff. Even the American habit of telling departing customers to Have a nice day has caught on all over Israel. Nobody wakes up in the morning and says, Lets be nicer, says Itsik Cohen, director of a consulting firm.查看答案【二、SPEED READING】1~5CCABB6~10DDAC。
2020年10月全国自考英语阅读一真题及答案
2020年10月全国自考英语阅读一真题及答案仔细阅读Many studies suggest that our personalities remain fairly stable, even over t he course of decades. Yet a small but long-running study finds that traits related to dependability differ greatly betwee n adolescence and late life. The findings raise new questions and highlight t he challenges in trying to track a person's defining characteristics over man y years. In the new research, published in December 2016 in Psychology an d Aging, researchers in the U. K. reached out to a group of 635 77-year-olds from Scotland who had taken part in a study when they were 14. Back then, their teachers had rated them on six personality characteristics relate d to dependability: self-confidence, perseverance (坚定), mood stability, conscientiousness (认真) , originality and desire to be better than others. Some 60 years later a t otal of 174 participants from the original study rated themselves on the sa me six traits and had a close friend or relative rate them as well. Lead autho r Ian Deary, a psychologist at the University of Edinburgh, expected, based on earlier findings, that dependability scores might remain stable over time . In fact, he and his colleagues found no relation between ratings for depen dability-related traits over the 63-year span studied. (Deary emphasizes that his findings apply only to these six trait—not overall personality.) One of the study's strengths is that it covers such a long period, but this characteristic also makes the research challenging. Nat e Hudson, a social psychologist at Michigan State University who was not in volved in the study, points out that the lack of personality stability could be the result of having different people rate the participants. Ideally, the same person would rate a subject's personality at both time points when assessm ents were made. In decades-spanning studies, many subjects go missing, die or choose not to participate in follow-up assessments. Deary and his colleagues had only 174 of the original partic ipants, a number that makes it tough to find subtle, but real, correlations in sets of data. " It is difficult to know from their study alone whether there is truly zero stability in personality from age 14 to 77, " Hudson says. " Deary's work moves the field forward—but more research is needed to get a full picture of how personality evolves throughout a lifetime. "【正确答案】1.What do many studies suggest about a person's personality?（A）It is offensive during adolescence.（B）It becomes split in middle age.（C）It is lovable in late life.（D）It remains stable.【正确答案】D【试题解析】事实细节题。
10月自学考试《英语一》阅读试题及解析
10月自学考试《英语一》阅读试题及解析10月自学考试《英语一》阅读试题及解析一、阅读判断The Truth about Left-Handed PeopleAbout 90% ofpeople in the world today are right-handed.The other 10% areleft-handed,including Obama,the President of the US.Every day,left-handed folksquietly face problems.It could be something as simple as driving a car or usinga can opener.Why are sofew of us left-handed?One theory is that handedness (hand preference) could bea result of genetics.Scientists say that there are two genes (基因) associated with handedness.Oneis the D gene.It is more frequent in the population and promotes (促成) right-hand preference.The otheris the C gene.It has the ability to promote a preference for either hand.Whenthe C gene is present,there is a 50% chance that a person could be right- orleft-handed.Anothertheory has to do with human brains,which are made up of two halves.If the lefthalf is more powerful,then one is most likely right-handed.But withleft-handers,it is more complicated.Seventy percent of them are also left-braindominant (占优势的).Theother 30% have right-side dominant brains.During the18th and 19th centuries,left-handedness was considered a disability.But not allof the myths about left-handers are bad.One myth suggests that they are morecreative and smarter than the right-handers.So far scientific research has yetto find any truth to these claims.In fact,a 2013 survey out ofNew Zealandfound that left-handers and right-handers were the same.Life mightbe a little more complicated for left-handers when it comes to cutting a pieceof paper or opening a bottle ofwine.However,it seems to be a good sign if youare trying to make it to the White House.第1题The right-handers are nine times as many asthe left-handers.A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given【正确答案】A【答案解析】第一段前两句话表明，世界上大约有90%的人是右撇子，而另外10%的人则是左撇子，包括美国总统第44任美国总统。
江苏自考英语模拟试题及答案
江苏自考英语模拟试题及答案一、阅读理解（共20分，每题4分）阅读下列短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题。
A篇In the past few decades, with the rapid development of technology, the Internet has become an indispensable part of our daily lives. It has not only changed the way we communicate but also the way we learn and work. Online education platforms have been booming, providing a wide range of courses for people to choose from. This has made education more accessible to a broader audience.1. What is the main idea of the passage?A) The importance of technology in education.B) The impact of the Internet on our lives.C) The rise of online education platforms.D) The benefits of online learning.2. According to the passage, what has the Internet changed?A) The way we communicate.B) The way we learn.C) The way we work.D) All of the above.B篇Many people believe that success is the result of hard work and determination. However, some argue that luck plays a significant role in achieving success. While it is true that hard work is essential, there are instances where luck can provide the necessary boost. Nevertheless, relying solely on luck is not a strategy for long-term success.3. What does the passage mainly discuss?A) The role of hard work in success.B) The importance of determination.C) The significance of luck in achieving success.D) The combination of hard work and luck.4. What is the author's view on relying on luck for success?A) It is a viable strategy.B) It is not a reliable approach.C) It can lead to short-term success.D) It is the key to success.二、完形填空（共15分，每题3分）The story of Thomas Edison is well-known. He was a man who did not let failure deter him from his goals. Despite facing numerous setbacks, Edison continued to experiment and innovate. His famous quote, "I have not failed. I've just found 10,000 ways that won't work," reflects his perseverance and positive attitude towards failure.5. What can we learn about Thomas Edison from the passage?A) He was easily discouraged by failure.B) He was a person who gave up easily.C) He was persistent in the face of adversity.D) He was someone who avoided taking risks.6. What does Edison's quote imply about his approach to failure?A) He viewed failure as a complete waste of time.B) He considered failure as a necessary part of the process.C) He thought that failure was a sign to quit.D) He believed that failure was the opposite of success.7. What is the main focus of the passage?A) The story of Thomas Edison's life.B) The importance of perseverance in achieving goals.C) The role of innovation in success.D) The significance of taking risks.三、词汇与语法（共25分，每题5分）Choose the best answer to complete the sentences.8. The company has decided to ________ its employees to work from home due to the pandemic.A) compelB) permitC) refuseD) prohibit9. She is one of the most ________ students in her class, always ready to help others.A) considerateB) considerableC) consideredD) consideration10. The project was a success, ________ the team's hard work and dedication.A) owing toB) in spite ofC) because ofD) regardless of四、翻译（共20分，每题10分）11. 将下列中文句子翻译成英文。
自考公共课英语（一）模拟试题【三篇】
【导语】努⼒的苦读，把你的实⼒全部发挥，所有关爱着你的⼈，都会为你祝福、祈祷，努⼒备考，相信你会考出满意的成绩，考⼊理想院校！以下是为⼤家整理的《⾃考公共课英语(⼀)模拟试题【三篇】》供您查阅。
【第⼀篇】⼀、根据句⼦的意思选择正确的答案，并把其字母填在题前的括号内。
(10%) 1.()There are two possible explanations to ________ the change in speed,but we don't know which one is right. A.account to B.account for C.account on D.account of 2.()_________ for his help,we couldn't have overcome the difficulties. A.Weren't it B.Hadn't it been C.Had it not been D.Without it 3.()It was ________ for Jim to finish the test paper within an hour because there were too many new words in it. A.out of question B.without question_ C.no question D.out of the question 4.()It is in Iran ________ the family members participate in the wedding preparations. A.that B.where C.in which D.there 5.()________ put down the receiver _______ the telephone rang again. A.Scarcely had she .……than B.Scarcely did she .……than C.She scarce had .……than D.Scarce had she .……than 6.()He had been interested in history since his childhood,so he specialized _______ history when he was in college. A.on B.at C.for D.in 7.()The meeting ended _________ his lecture on high education. A.up in B.by C.up with D.up 8.()_________,he was not able to work out the puzzle. A.However he tried hard B.Whatever he tried hard C.However hard he tried D.How hard he tried 9.()_________ such enormous danger,he still remained as calm as usual. A.In the face of B.In face of C.In the face with D.In face with 10.()This is one of the most wonderful songs______ I have ever heard. A.which B.what C.that D.then ⼆、本题共有三段短⽂，每段短⽂后⾯有三⾄四道⼩题，共计⼗道⼩题。
2023年全国7月高等教育自学考试英语阅读一试题
全国2023年7月高等教育自学考试英语阅读(一)试题请将答案填在答题纸对应位置上，所有题目用英文作答(翻译题除外)1. Careful Reading. (40 points, 2 points for each)Passage OneQuestions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.The appeal of advertising to buying motives can have both negative and positive effects. Consumers may be convinced to buy a product of poor quality or high price because of an advertisement. For example, some advertisers have appealed to people’s desire for better fuel economy for their cars by advertising automotive products that improve gasoline mileage. Some of the products work. Others are worthless and a waste of consumers’money.Sometimes advertising is intentionally misleading. A few years ago, a brand of bread was offered to dieters with the message that there were fewer calories in every slice. It turned out that the bread was not dietetic (适合于节食旳), but just regular bread. There were fewer calories because it was sliced very thin, but there were the same number of calories in every loaf.On the positive side, emotional appeals may respond to a consumer’s real concerns. Consider fire insurance. Fire insurance may be sold by appealing to fear of loss. But fear of loss is the real reason for fire insurance. The security of knowing that property is protected by insurance makes the purchase of fire insurance a worthwhile investment for most people. If consumers consider the quality of the insurance plans as well as the message in the ads, they will benefit from the advertising.Each Consumer must evaluate her or his own situation．Are the benefits of the product important enough to justify buying it? Advertising is intended to appeal to consumers．but it does not force them to buy the product．Consumers still controlthe final buying decision．1.Advertising can persuade the consumer to buy worthless products by________.A.stressing their high qualityB.convincing him of their low priceC.maintaining a balance between quality and priceD.appealing to his buying motives2.The reason why the bread advertisement is misleading is that______.A.thin slices of bread could contain more caloriesB.the loaf was cut into regular slicesC.the bread was not genuine breadD.the total number of calories in the loaf remained the same3.According to the passage，which 0f the following statements is true?A.Sometimes advertisements really sell what the consumer needs.B.Advertisements occasionally force consumers into buying things they don’t need.C.The buying motives of consumers are controlled by advertisements.D.Fire insurance is seldom a worthwhile investment.4.It can be inferred from the passage that a smart consumer should______.A.think carefully about the benefits described in the advertisementsB.guard against the deceiving nature of advertisementsC.be familiar with various advertising strategiesD.avoid buying products that have strong emotional appeal5.The passage is mainly about______.A.how to make a wise buying decisionB.ways to protect the interests of the consumerC.the positive and negative aspects of advertisingD.the function of advertisements in promoting salesPassage TwoQuestions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage.Americans are proud of their variety and individuality, yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform, whether it is the uniform of an elevator operator or the uniform of a five-star general. Why are uniforms so popular in the United States?Among the arguments for uniforms, one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more professional than civilian (百姓旳) clothes. People have become conditioned to expect superior quality from a man who wears a uniform. The television repairman who wears a uniform tends to inspire more trust than one who appears in civilian clothes. Faith in the skill of a garage mechanic is increased by a uniform. What easier way is there for a nurse, a policeman, a barber, or a waiter to lose professional identity than to step out of uniform?Uniforms also have many practical benefits. They save on other clothes. They save on laundry bills. They are tax-deductible (可减税旳). They are often more comfortable and more durable than civilian clothes.Primary among the arguments against uniforms is their lack of variety and the consequent loss of individuality experienced by people who must wear them. Though there are many types of uniforms, the wearer of any particular type is generally stuck with it, without change, until retirement. When people look alike, they tend to think, speak, and act similarly, on the job at least.Uniforms also give rise to some practical problems. Though they are long-lasting, often their initial expense is greater than cost of civilian clothes. Some uniforms are also expensive to maintain, requiring professional dry cleaning rather than the home laundering possible with many types of civilian clothes.6. It is surprising that Americans who worship variety and individuality____.A. enjoy having a professional identityB. still judge a man by his clothesC. hold the uniform in such high regardD. respect an elevator operator as much as a general in uniform7. People are accustomed to thinking that a man in uniform______.A. appears to be more practicalB. suggests quality workC. discards his social identityD. looks superior to a person in civilian clothes8. The chief function of a uniform is to______.A. provide the wearer with a professional identityB. inspire the wearer’s confidence in himselfC. provide practical benefits to the wearerD. make the wearer catch the public eye9. According to the passage, people wearing uniforms ______.A. tend to lose their individualityB. are usually helpfulC. look like generalsD. have little or no individual freedom10. The best title for this passage would be______.A. Uniforms and SocietyB. Advantages and Disadvantages of UniformsC. The Importance of Wearing a UniformD. Practical Benefits of Wearing a UniformPassage ThreeQuestions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.British newspapers can be classified into groups according to various criteria, such as area of distribution, size of sales, socioeconomic class of their readers, days (and times) of publication, and political bias. Each of these different criteria will lead to more or less different groupings.With regard to the area of distribution a fairly clear distinction can be made between national papers and local papers. The national, e.g. The Times, Daily Mirror and Sunday Express, are readily obtainable in virtually all parts of the United Kingdom at the same time. On the other hand, local papers, e.g. Yorkshire Post or Liverpool Echo, serve a particular area, and outside that area must be specially ordered.As regards the sales figures, we must recognize that there is no clear line that will distinguish between large and small sales. However, we make a somewhat arbitrary distinction here, partly based on copies sold, but also influenced by the type of content of the papers. This separates the so-called “popular” papers from the “quality” papers: the “qualities”, like SundayTimes or Financial Times, tend to have larger, more serious arti cles than the “populars”, such as The People or News of the World.Regarding the socioeconomic class of the readers, a classification on these lines will to a large extent reflect the above distinction into quality and popular. This is because the quality papers are mostly intended for the upper income groups, while the popular papers find their readers among the lower socioeconomic groups. Thus, a reader of The Observer or Financial Times, which are quality papers, is likely to be an educated person with quite a good income, while a reader of Daily Mail or The Sun is more likely to be a less well-educated person with a lower income.As to the days of publication, most British papers are either so-called “daily papers”, (which in tact do not appear on Sundays), e.g. The Guardian or The Scotsman, or Sunday papers, like Sunday Times or News of the world. Local papers with small circulations, however, might appear only once or twice a week, or even less frequently, depending on the demand for them. Concerning the time of publication, the vast majority are morning papers, i.e. they go on sale early in the morning, while the minority are the so-called “evening” papers, whose sales might start as early as midday, and then continue until the evening.11. According to various criteria British newspapers can be classified into______.A. national papers and local papersB. “qualities” and “populars”C. morning papers and evening papersD. all of the above12. The Times, Daily Mirror, and Sunday Express are readily obtainable in virtually all parts of the UK at the same time. Therefore, they are______.A. so-called “daily paper”B. national papersC. popular papersD. local papers13. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. The “'quality” papers te nd to have large, more serious articles than the “populars”.B. The “popular” papers have larger sales.C. The “quality” papers find their readers among the upper income groups.D. A reader of the “qualities” is likely to be a less well-educated person with a lower income.14. As to the days of publication, British daily papers appear______.A. only on SundaysB. only once or twice a weekC. every day except on SundaysD. every day15. Sales of the so-called “evening” papers might start______.A. early in the morningB. as early as noonC. in the eveningD. at midnightPassage FourQuestions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.Exceptional children are different in some significant way from others of the same age. For these children to develop to their full adult potential, their education must be adapted to those differences.Although we focus on the needs of exceptional children, we find ourselves describing their environment as well. While the leading actor on the stage captures our attention, we are aware of the importance of the supposing players and the scenery of the play itself. Both the family and the society in which exceptional children live are often the key to their growth and development. And it is in the public schools that we find the full expression of society’s understanding—the knowledge, hopes, and fears that are passed on to the next generation.Education in any society is a minor of that society. In that mirror we can see the strengths, the weaknesses and the culture itself. The great interest in exceptional children shown in public education over the past three decades indicates the strong feeling in our society that all citizens, whatever their special conditions, deserve the opportunity to fully develop their capabilities.“All men ar e created equal.” We’ve heard it many times, but it still has important meaning for education in a democratic society. Although the phrase was used by this country’s founders to denote equality before the caw, it has also been interpreted to mean equality of opportunity. That concept implies educational opportunity for all children—the right of each child to receive help in learning to the limits of his or her capacity, whether that capacity be small or great. Recent court decisions have confirmed the right of all children —disabled or not—to an appropriate education, and have ordered that public schools takethe necessary steps to provide that education. In response, schools are modifying their programs, adapting instruction to children who are exceptional, to those who cannot profit substantially from regular programs.16. In paragraph 2, the author cites the example of the leading actor on the stage to show thatA. the growth of exceptional children has much to do with their family and the societyB. exceptional children are more influenced by their families than normal children areC. exceptional children are the key interest of the family and societyD. the needs of the society weigh much heavier than the needs of the exceptional children17. The reason that the exceptional children receive so much concern in education is that_______.A. they are expected to be leaders of the societyB. they might become a burden of the societyC. they should fully develop their potentialD. disabled children deserve special consideration18. The word “denote” in the fourth paragraph most probably means_______.A. translateB. indicateC. blameD. ignore19. This passage mainly deals with ____A. the differences of children in their learning capabilitiesB. the definition of exceptional children in modern societyC. the special educational programs for exceptional childrenD. the necessity of adapting education to exceptional children20. From this passage we learn that the educational concern for exceptional children_______.A. is now enjoying legal supportB. disagrees with the tradition of the countryC. was clearly stated by the country’s foundersD. will exert great influence over court decisionsII. Speed Reading. (10 points, 1 point for each)Passage FiveQuestions 21-25 are based on the following passage.The human thumb made man. Its development was as important an event in man’s growth as his success in learning to walk upright. The thumb shaped the human hand. Without it, man might not have survived. Luckily, the hand developed only one thumb. Two thumbs on one hand would be like having two or more cooks in a small kitchen. They would get in each other’s way. As one English writer said almost 500 years ago, “Ah, each finger today is a thumb, I think.”That is how we still describe a man who cannot get anything right. We say he is “all thumbs”. There are days when this happens to all of us, days when everything we do seems to go wrong. We cannot even get the right shoes on. The typist cannot hit the right key. The carpenter’s hammer misses the nail and hits his finger. Nothing can be done but throw up one’s hands and moan (悲叹), “God, I am all thumbs today!”Clearly, the hand can have just one master—the thumb. It gives the hand a freedom and control of movement that are beautiful to see. This can be seen in old sculptures and stone carvings. We have a special phrase to express this mastery of the thumb. When one is ruled by another, completely controlled by him, we say the pe rson is “under the other’s thumb”. A sick man, for example, often finds himself “under his doctor’s thumb”. Tenants have often complained about being“under the thumb of the landlord”.There was a time, very long ago, when such tenants might in anger “bite their thumbs” at the landlord. Such a gesture was an insult that could not be accepted lightly. People no longer do this. But they do something as childish and as offensive and ugly. They “thumb their noses” at somebody they want to defy or insult.21. If a person has two or more thumbs on one hand, he would______.A. do more thingsB. have a lot of troubleC. work as two or more cooksD. become a writer22. Without ______man might not have survived.A. the cookB. the thumbC. the fingerD. the writer23. When a person says “I am all thumbs today”, he means that_______.A. he can’t get the right shoes onB. his hammer misses the nail and hits his fingerC. he does everything smoothlyD. he can’t get everything right24. When a person is completely controlled by another person, _______.A. we say that he is “all thumbs”B. we say that he has “a great thumb”C.. we say that he is “under the other’s thumb”D. he turns thumb down on him25. When you want to insult someone, you can_______.A. put your thumb on your noseB. wave your thumb at himC. put him under your thumbD. do nothing with your thumbPassage SixQuestions 26-30 are based on the following passage.Where did the movies begin? It is often said that they are an American invention, but this is not entirely true. The motion picture has been the most international of arts before the dawn of the 20th century.Soon after 1889, when the famous American inventor Thomas Edison first showed motion pictures through a device called the kinetoscope, other devices for the same purpose appeared all over the world. One other important contribution by Edison was the introduction of 35mm as the international standard film width. When it became possible to use any 35mm machine for showing movies from any part of the world, the international trading of films could begin.During the first years, there were no special movie theaters. Films were often shown in buildings which had formerly beenstores. In America, these became known as nickelodeons because each member of the audience paid a nickel (five cents) to watch the movie.At first, movies pleased people just because the experience of watching them was new. In the black and white shadows, one could see larger-than-life images of reality and they moved! But images alone cannot keep people interested forever. Then cameras were taken to South Africa and Cuba to photograph wars in action. Prizefights were filmed, and so were religious processions. But none of these attractions could please the crowds for long.What gave the movies the possibility of becoming an art form was the introduction of narrative. Someone realized that a film could tell a story.Edwin S. Porter was a director and cameraman for Thomas Edison’s company. He advanced the art of the film by a giant step when, in 1903, he produced The Great Train Robbery.Although this account of a mail robbery and the pursuit of the robbers was very simple, it required the filming of several different locations. The result was a film that not only shifted freely from place to place but even enabled viewers to see two actions that occurred at the same time. They watched the robbers escape and then saw the pursuers gathering for the pursuit. Within this brief, eight-minute movie lay the seeds of a true art form.In 1908, Biograph, a small film company in New York, employed a man who was to become the first true genius of motion pictures. He was D. W. Griffith, an unsuccessful actor and writer of plays, who had worked briefly for Porter. Griffith preferred writing to acting, but at Biograph he worked as a writer, an actor and a director. In less than five years, he directed almost 300 pictures, raised Biograph to a leading position among film companies, and laid the foundations for modernfilm art.26. The first motion pictures were shown by Thomas Edison in_______.A. 1889B. 1903C. 1907D. 190827. _______ made the international trading of films possible.A. The use of nickelsB. Movie theatersC. The introduction of 35mm as the international standard film widthD. A device called the kinetoscope28. _______made it possible for films to become an art form.A. Larger-than-life images of realityB. The fact that wars were filmedC. PrizefightD. The introduction of narrative29. The writer said that Porter advanced the art of the film by a giant step in producing The Great Train Robbery.This is probably because the film_______.A. had a title which had a tremendous effectB. was the longest at that timeC. was produced by a directorD. required the filming of several different locations30. _______is regarded as the first true genius of motion picture.A. EdisonB. PorterC. GriffithD. BiographIlI. Discourse Cloze. (10 points, 1 point for each)Directions: The following passage is taken from the textbook. Read the passage and fill in the numbered spaces (there are more suggested answers than necessary). Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.WORLD WAR II, the name commonly given to the global conflict of 1939-1945. It was the greatest and most destructive war in history. 31. _______, World War II included gigantic struggles not only in Europe but in Asia, Africa, and the far-flung (广泛旳,漫长旳) islands of the Pacific as well. More than 17 million members of the armed forces of the various belligerents (交战国) perished during the conflict. Its conduct strained the economic capabilities of the major nations and left manycountries on the edge of collapse.At the end of World War I the victorious nations formed the League of Nations for the purpose of airing international disputes, and of mobilizing its members for a collective effort to keep the peace in the event of aggression by any nation against another or of a breach (对法律、义务等旳违犯) of the peace treaties. The United States, imbued (鼓吹) with isolationism, did not become a member. The League failed in its first test. In 1931 the Japanese, using as an excuse the explosion of a small bomb under a section of track of the South Manchuria Railroad (over which they had virtual control), initiated military operations designed to conquer all of Manchuria. 32. _______ Thereupon, Japan resigned from the League. Meanwhile, Manchuria had been overrun and transformed into a Japanese puppet state under the name of Manchukuo. 33. _______.In 1933 also, Adolf Hitler came to power as dictator of Germany and began to rearm the country in contravention (违反，违反) of the provisions of the Treaty of Versailles. 34.___. That year the Italian dictator Benito Mussolini began his long-contemplated invasion of Ethiopia, which he desired as an economic colony. 35. _______. British and French efforts to effect a compromise settlement failed, and Ethiopia was completely occupied by the Italians in 1936.Alarmed by German rearmament, France sought an alliance with the USSR. Under the pretext that this endangered Germany, Hitler remilitarized the Rhineland in 1936. 36. _______. Emboldened by this success, Hitler intensified his campaign for Lebensraum (space for living) for the German people. 37. _______. In September, as Hitler increased his demands on the Czechs and war seemed imminent, the British and French arranged a conference with Hitler and Mussolini. At the Munich Conference they agreed to German occupation of the Sudetenland, Hitler’s asserted last claim, in the hope of maintaining peace. This hope was short lived, for in March 1939, Hitler took over the rest of Czechoslovakia and seized the former German port of Memel from Lithuania. There followed demands on Poland with regard to Danzig (波兰港口) and the Polish Corridor. 38. _______. After surprising the world with the announcement of a nonaggression pact (公约) with his sworn foe, the Soviet Union, he sent his armies across the Polish border on Sept. 1, 1939.39. _______.As the Germans devastated Poland, the Russians moved into the eastern part of the country and began the process that was to lead to the absorption in 1940 of Latvia, Estonia, and Lithuania. They also made demands on Finland. 40. _______.Meanwhile, Japan had undertaken military operations for the subjugation of China proper, and was making preparationsfor the expansion of its empire into Southeast Asia and the rich island groups of the Southwest Pacific. Mussolini watched the progress of his fellow dictator, Hitler, while preparing to join in the war at a favorable moment.(From The World War II in Brief)A. The League voted minor sanctions (制裁) against Italy, but these had slight practical effectB. He denounced the provisions of that treaty that limited German armament and in 1935 reinstituted compulsory military serviceC. Whereas military operations in World War I were conducted primarily on the European continentD. He forcibly annexed (吞并) Austria in March 1938, and then, charging abuse of German minorities, threatened CzechoslovakiaE. Because of a lack of resources, Allied strategy had envisioned the prior defeat of Germany while remaining on the defensive against the JapaneseF. After receiving the report of its commission of inquiry, the League adopted a resolution in 1933 calling on the Japanese to withdrawG. The Poles remained adamant (顽强旳，坚决旳), and it became clear to Hitler that he could attain his objectives only by forceH. Beset (缠扰) by friction and dissension (冲突，纠纷) among its members, the League took no further actionI. Britain and France, pledged to support Poland in the event of aggression, declared war on Germany two days laterJ. It was a dangerous venture, for Britain and France could have overwhelmed Germany, but, resolved to keep the peace, they took no actionK. The recalcitrant (顽抗旳) Finns were subdued in the Winter War of 1939-1940, but only after dealing the Russians several humiliating military reversesL. War’s end found the United States and the USSR the two greatest powers in the worldIV. Word Formations. (10 points, 1 point for each)Directions: Complete each of the following sentences with the proper form of the word in the brackets. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.41. (significant) It is a waste of time to listen to his ______talk.42. (astonish) I was ______ at the news of his escape.43. (bankruptcy) Our business is at the crossing. If this deal does not succeed, we shallbe______.44. (vain) Before they fled the country, the enemy ______attempted to destroy all thefactories.45. (extinct) His movie of the______of dinosaurs was a great success.46. (exist) In her speech, the Minister came out against any change to the ______law.47. (patient) The nurse has been criticized for the third time for she is always ______withher patients.48. (mystery) There are many______stories about the Egyptian pyramids.49. (valid) This ticket has passed its expiration date, and so it is now______.50. (deprivation) If you drive too fast, the police will______you of your licence.V. Gap Filling. (10 points, 1 point for each)Directions: The following passage is taken from the textbook. Fill in the numbered gaps with the correct form of the words or phrases in the box (there are more words than necessary). Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.Before the war ended, these thirteen states realized that they would need to work together in peacetime as they had been 51. ______ to do in wartime. In 1782 they put into effect a plan for 52.______ under a federal system. This meant that each of the states would remain 53. ______ in many ways but would join with the others in a government that would be able to do thingsthat individual states could not do by themselves with success. Unfortunately this plan did not provide for a federal government strong enough to 54.______ it to do what needed to be done. This became clear after a few years of experience. In 1786 a call went out to all the states inviting them to send delegates to a meeting to be held in Philadelphia in the spring of 1787. This meeting was the Constitutional Convention, a great 55.________ point in American history.No more important meeting has ever been held in America. To it came fifty-five men, 56. ______ them some of the most famous men in our history. They included George Washington who presided over the convention, Benjamin Franklin, James Madison, and Alexander Hamilton. They worked 57.______ and in secret from May well into September and adjourned only after they had written a new plan of government to be sent to the thirteen states for 58.______ The document was the Constitution of the United States. A great English statesman called this constitution “the most 59. ______ work known to me in modern times to have been produced by the human intellect, at a single stroke (so to speak), in its 60. ______ to political affairs.” Before 1788 had ended, the Constitution had been approved in most of the states and in 1789 it went into effect. Since then it has been the fundamental law of the nation.(From The Constitution of the United States) VI. Short Answer Questions. (10 points, 5 points for each)Directions: The following 2 questions are based on Passage Four in this test paper. Read the passage carefully again and answer the questions briefly by referring back to Passage Four. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.61. What’s the function of education in a society? Why does the public education show great interest in exceptional children?62. What does the statement “All men are created equal.” mean according to the passage?VII. Translation. (10 points, 2 points for each)Directions: The following excerpt is taken from the textbook. Read the paragraphs carefully and translate into Chinese each of the numbered and underlined parts.It was twenty years ago and I was living in Paris. 63. I had a tiny apartment in the Latin Quarter overlooking a cemetery and I was earning barely enough money to keep body and soul together. She had read a book of mine and had written to me about it. I answered, thanking her, and presently I received from her another letter saying that she was passing through Paris and。
自考英语一试题及答案
自考英语一试题及答案一、阅读理解（共20分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Passage 1In the past, people used to think that the world was flat. However, with the development of science and technology, we now know that the Earth is round. The Earth is not a perfect sphere, but an oblate spheroid, which means it is slightly flattened at the poles and bulging at the equator. This shape is due to the Earth's rotation, which causes the equatorial region to bulge outward.1. What was the common belief about the Earth's shape in the past?A. The Earth is round.B. The Earth is flat.C. The Earth is an oblate spheroid.D. The Earth is a perfect sphere.2. What causes the Earth to be slightly flattened at the poles?A. The Earth's rotation.B. The Earth's gravity.C. The Earth's magnetic field.D. The Earth's atmosphere.Passage 2The Internet has revolutionized the way we communicate, work, and live. It has made information more accessible and has connected people across the globe. However, with the rise of social media, there has been a concern about privacy and the spread of misinformation. Despite these challenges, the Internet remains an essential tool for modern life.3. What is one of the main benefits of the Internet mentioned in the passage?A. It has made information more accessible.B. It has reduced global communication.C. It has increased the cost of communication.D. It has decreased the need for privacy.4. What is a concern associated with the rise of social media?A. The spread of accurate information.B. The improvement of privacy.C. The spread of misinformation.D. The reduction of global connectivity.二、词汇与结构（共20分）用所给词的适当形式填空。
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自考英语模考阅读一《英语阅读一》模拟试题(一)READING COMPREHENSIONPassage 1According to a survey, which was based on the responses of over 188,000 students, today’s traditional-agecollege freshmen are “ more materialistic and less altruistic(利他主义的)” than at any time in the 17 years of thepoll.Not surprising in these hard times, the student’s major objective “ is to be financially well off. Less importantthan ever is developing a meaningful philosophy of life.” Itfollows then that today the most popular course is notliterature or history but accounting.Interest in teaching, social service and the ―altruistic‖ fieldsis at a low. On the other hand, enrollment in business programs, engineering and computer science is way up.That’s no surprise either. A friend of mine( a sales representative for a chemical company) was making twice the salary of her college instructors her first year on the job—even before she completed her two-year associatedegree.While it’s true that we all need a career, it is equally tr ue that our civilization has accumulated an incredible amount of knowledge in fields far removed from our own and that we are better for our understanding of these other contributions-be they scientific or artistic. It is equally true that, in studying the diverse wisdom of others, we learn how to think. More important, perhaps, education teaches us to see the connections between things, as well as to see beyond our immediate needs.Weekly we read of unions who went on strike for higher wages, onlyto drive their employer out of business.No company, no job. How shortsighted in the long run!But the most important argument for a broad education is that in studying the accumulated wisdom of the ages, we improve our moral sense.I saw a cartoon recently which shows a group of businessmen looking puzzled as they sit around a conference table; one of them is talking on the intercom(对讲机): “ Miss Baxter,” he says, “ could you please send in someone who can distinguish right from wrong?”From the long-term poin t of view, that’s what education reallyought to be about.21. According to the author’s observation, college studentsA. have never been so materialistic as todayB. have never been so interested in the artsC. have never been so financially well off as todayD. have never attached so much importance to moral sense22. The students’ criteria for selecting majors today have much to do withA. the influences of their instructorsB. the financial goals they seek in lifeC. their own interpretations of the coursesD. their understanding of the contributions of others23. By sayng “While it’s true that… be they scientific or artistic”( Line 1-3, para. 5). The author means thatA. business management should be included in educational programsB. human wisdom has accumulated at an extraordinarily high speedC. human intellectual development has reached new heightsD. the importance of a broad education should not be overlooked24. Studying the diverse wisdom of others canA. create varying artistic interestsB. help people see things in their right perspectiveC. help improve connections among peopleD. regulate the behavior of modern people25. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A. Businessmen absorbed in their career are narrow-minded.B. Managers often find it hard to tell right from wrongC. People engaged in technical jobs lead a more rewarding lifeD. Career seekers should not focus on immediate interests only.Passage 2New technology links the world as never before . Our planet has shrunk. It’s now a “global village” wherecountries are only seconds away by fax or phone or satellite link. And , of course, our ability to benefit from this high-tech communications equipment is greatly enhanced by foreign language skills.Deeply involved with this new technology is a breed of modern businesspeople who have a growing respect for the economic value ofdoing business abroad. In modern markets, success overseas often helps support domestic business efforts.Overseas assignments are becoming increasingly important to advancement within executive ranks . the executive stationed in another country no longer need fear being “out of sight and out of mind.” Heor she can besure that the overseas effort is centr al to the company‘s plan for success, and that promotions often follow oraccompany an assignment abroad. If an employee can succeed in a difficult assignment overseas, superiors will have greater confidence in his or her ability to cope back in the United States where cross-cultural considerations and foreign language issues are becoming moreand more prevalent (普遍的)。