分词作状语
分词作状语
extra pay.
working
3. Seen from the top of the hill, we find
the city more beautiful. Seeing
4. Generally speak, facial expressions are
helpful communications, too. speaking
Having done the work, he went home. 完成 了工作，他就回家了。
分词作状语
1.作时间状语 2.作原因状语 3. 作伴随状语
1）Having finished his homework, he went to play football.
2) Hearing the news, they got excited. 1）Not knowing his address, she went to a policeman for help.
(=Since you are a student, you should study hard.） 由于想到它或许在家，所以我就给他打了电话。 Thinking he might be at home, I called him.
(As I thought he might be at home, I called him.)
5)表条件 Using your head, you will find a way. (=If you use your head, you will find a way.) 一直往前走，你就会看到一座白色的房子。
W__a_l_k_i_n_g_a_h_e_a_d__, you will see a white house.
分词作状语的五种情况
分词作状语的五种情况
1、表示时间：
昨天，站在阴暗的街道上，浓浓的烟雾让人有一种诡异的感觉。
太阳落山，一道淡黄的余晖洒落在街道的尽头，似乎带来了温暖。
突然，一声刺耳的铃声响起，将久违的宁静打破，坐在暗处的我，毫不犹豫地便着力而走。
2、表示原因：
拐过弯，我踩着嘎嘎作响的脚步，无数希望和期望将我拉往前方，走向家乡那条连接着梦想的路。
原因很简单，未知的将来让我不能停得下来，前行的计划又充满不确定性，转眼就要到天明。
3、表示条件：
突然，天一亮，太阳的曙光令我暂停了脚步，回想起昨夜意外发现的秘密。
抬头望去，比起异乡的忙碌，本土的宁静和空气才是我许诺自己的条件，对着浓重的雨蒸气掩映着情绪深处期望的期盼。
4、表示效果：
滴答滴答，阴雨濛濛的一天，各种细微的声音交织在一起，构成一幅宁谧的画面。
微风轻拂，枝叶摇曳，整座山村的氛围里洋溢着人间的情怀，彷佛古往今来的回忆，渐渐感染着我，把身边的一切都染上了温暖的味道。
5、表示方式：
趁着丝丝晨雾未散的时刻，抽出一伙人携手暗中离去，终于享受到了米饭之间的松软，延续着昔日快乐的痕迹。
把一切都收拾妥当，仿佛穿越时空一样，令一个个熟悉的瞬间再次涌现心中，萦绕着幽暗曾经的眼前。
分词作状语
(1) ______ with so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on time. A. Faced B. Face C. Facing D. To face (2) ______ for the breakdown of the school computer network, Alice was in low spirits. A. Blaming B. Blamed C. To blame D. To be blamed
______ time, he’ll make a first-class tennis player. A. Having given B. To give C. Giving D. Given
四、用作让步状语 1. 例句 Living miles away, he attended the course. Defeated, he remained a popular boxer. Although he lived miles away, he attended the course. Thought he was defeated, he remained a popular boxer.
五、用作伴随状语 1. 例句 He sat in the chair reading a newspaper. Don't you sit there doing nothing. He came in, followed by his wife.
1) Don’t sit there ______ nothing. Come and help me with this table. A. do B. to do C. doing D. and doing (2) My cousin came to see me from the country, ______ me a full basket of fresh fruits. A. brought B. bringing C. to bring D. had brought (3) Whenever he was asked why he was late for class, he would answer carelessly, always _____ the same thing. A. saying B. said C. to say D. having said (4) We often provide our children with toys, footballs or basketballs, _______ that all children like these things. A. thinking B. think C. to think D. thought
分词作状语
分词（现在分词、过去分词）作状语现在分词与过去分词均可作状语表示句子主语所进行的另一个动作，来对谓语表示的主要动作加以修饰或陪衬，表示时间，原因，行为方式，目的，条件或结果等，相当于其对应的状语从句。
现在分词的意义是主动的，过去分词的意义是被动的。
构成及形式1). 过去分词：动词加ed或动词的特殊变化所得的过去分词。
3). 否定式：在现在分词或过去分词前面直接加not。
现在分词表伴随：现在分词短语的作用类似一个并列分句。
Sally lied in bed crying.= and she was cryingI got home, feeling very tired.= and felt very tiredShe walked along the street, not knowing where to go.=and didn’t know……Please fill in this form, giving your name, name, address, etc.表原因：Being so poor in those days, we couldn’t afford to send the boy to hospital.= As we were so poor, we………Not knowing her address, we couldn’t get in touch with her.Many of us, being so excited, could not go to sleep that night.They sent us their statement, hoping to get our support.表时间：Seeing those pictures, he couldn’t help thinking of those old days they spent together.= when/As soon as he saw those pictures, he……Turing around, she saw an ambulance driving up.Hearing the news, they all jumped with joy.Approaching the village, I found it was empty.这几例中的现在分词短语一般放在句首表示这个动作一发生，谓语所表示的动作立即发生。
分词作状语的用法讲解归纳
分词作状语的用法讲解归纳分词作状语是一种常见的语法结构，它可以在句子中作为状语，用来修饰动词、形容词或者整个句子，从而表达时间、原因、条件、方式、结果等不同的语义关系。
下面我将从不同角度对分词作状语的用法进行归纳和讲解。
一、时间状语：分词可以表示动作发生的时间，常用的分词有：doing, having done, done等。
例如：Walking along the street, he met an old friend.Having finished his homework, he went out to play.二、原因状语：分词还可以表示动作发生的原因，常用的分词有：seeing, considering, judging等。
例如：Seeing the heavy rain, she decided to stay at home.Considering the bad weather, we canceled the picnic.三、条件状语：分词还可以表示动作发生的条件，常用的分词有：supposing, provided, given等。
例如：Supposing the weather is fine, we will go for a picnic.Provided that you finish your work, you can go out to play.四、方式状语：分词还可以表示动作发生的方式，常用的分词有：speaking, running, working等。
例如：He ran to catch the bus, panting heavily.She answered the question, smiling brightly.五、结果状语：分词还可以表示动作的结果，常用的分词有：surprised, pleased, excited等。
例如：The news, surprising everyone, spread quickly.The children, pleased with the gifts, thanked their parents.总结起来，分词作状语的用法非常灵活多样，可以用来表示时间、原因、条件、方式和结果等不同的语义关系，丰富了句子的表达方式。
分词状语
Having done my shopping, I returned home. (= When I had done…/ After I had done …)买完东西，我就回家了。 ② 表示原因 Being League members, we are ready to help others.由于我们是 团员，我们乐意帮助别人。 (Since we are League members，….) Inspired by what he said, we are determined to study harder. 在他的话的鼓舞下，我们决心更加努力学习。 (Since we are inspired by what he said, ….) She asked me to help her, realizing that she couldn’t move the heavy suitcase alone.她请我帮帮她，因为她意识到她一个人搬不 动那个沉重的衣箱。 Not knowing his address, I can’t write to him. 由于不知他的地址， 我无法给他写信。 (Since I didn’t know his address, …) Not having received his letter for long, she felt a little worried. 由于很长时间没收到他的信了，她感到有点担心。 (Because she hadn’t received his letter for long, ….)
④“We can’t go out in this weather,” said Bob , ____ out of the window. ( 04 四川 吉林) A. looking B. to look C. looked D. having looked 2、某些过去分词（短语）由于来源于系表结构，有些甚至具有形 容词的特征，因此，虽然它们作状语时与句子主语之间存在逻辑意 义上的主动关系，但仍然用它们的过去分词来作状语。这类过去分 词（短语）常见的主要有：caught in , devoted to （忠实于；热 爱），disappointed at , determined to . dressed in , exhausted （疲惫不堪），hidden, lost in （沉湎于）, prepared for, seated, tired of （厌倦）等。例如： Caught in the heavy rain, Jennifer didn’t arrive on time. 遭遇大雨，詹妮弗没有按时到达。 Disappointed at the examination results, the top student sat there in stony silence. 对考试结果很失望，那位尖子生一言不发地坐在那儿。 Entirely devoted to the Party, the young soldier gave his life for his country. 对党无限忠诚，这位年轻的士兵为祖国献出了生命。
分词作状语的类型
分词作状语的类型分词作状语是英语中常见的语法结构，它通过使用动词的现在分词或过去分词来修饰或补充句子的主语、谓语或宾语，以提供额外的信息。
分词作状语在句子中具有多种类型，本文将对这些类型进行阐述。
1. 分词作时间状语分词可以用来表示动作发生的时间，作为时间状语。
例如：- Running late, John hurried to catch the bus.- Having finished his homework, Tom went to bed.这两个例子中，分词"running"和"having finished"作为时间状语，分别修饰主语"John"和"Tom"，表达了他们做完某个动作后的情况。
2. 分词作原因状语分词可以用来表示动作发生的原因，作为原因状语。
例如：- Being tired, Mary decided to take a break.- Having failed the test, he felt disappointed.这两个例子中，分词"being tired"和"having failed"作为原因状语，分别修饰主语"Mary"和"he"，表达了他们做某个动作的原因。
3. 分词作条件状语分词可以用来表示动作发生的条件，作为条件状语。
例如：- If accepted, I will start working next week.- Without any money, he couldn't buy the ticket.这两个例子中，分词"accepted"和"without any money"作为条件状语，分别修饰主语"I"和"he"，表达了他们做某个动作所需要的条件或限制。
分词作状语用在句子中间
分词作状语用在句子中间1. 分词作时间状语句子：他在大学期间，经常熬夜学习。
分词：熬夜句子：明天下午，我会去看电影。
分词：明天下午句子：在春节期间，我们会拜访亲戚朋友。
分词：春节期间2. 分词作地点状语句子：我们在图书馆学习。
分词：图书馆句子：他在餐厅吃午饭。
分词：餐厅句子：她在游泳池游泳。
分词：游泳池3. 分词作原因状语句子：由于下雨，他没有去跑步。
分词：下雨句子：因为生病，她没有去上学。
分词：生病句子：考试前夜，他紧张得睡不着。
分词：紧张4. 分词作方式状语句子：他用力地跑过去。
分词：用力地句子：他小心地将花放入花瓶。
分词：小心地句子：她大声地唱歌。
分词：大声地5. 分词作条件状语句子：如果时间允许，我们会去旅行。
分词：时间允许句子：只要你努力学习，就能取得好成绩。
分词：努力学习句子：只有经过努力，才能取得成功。
分词：经过努力6. 分词作结果状语句子：他工作努力，最终获得了晋升。
分词：工作努力句子：他表现出色，因此被提名为班长。
分词：表现出色句子：他学习刻苦，考试取得了好成绩。
分词：学习刻苦7. 分词作伴随状语句子：他边吃饭边看电视。
分词：边吃饭边看电视句子：她一边走路一边打电话。
分词：一边走路一边打电话句子：他一边洗衣服一边听音乐。
分词：一边洗衣服一边听音乐8. 分词作目的状语句子：他带着相机去旅行，是为了记录美好瞬间。
分词：记录美好瞬间句子：她读书，目的是为了提高自己的知识水平。
分词：提高自己的知识水平句子：他每天锻炼身体，是为了保持健康。
分词：保持健康9. 分词作让步状语句子：尽管下雨，他还是坚持出门锻炼。
分词：下雨句子：虽然遇到困难，她仍然坚持努力。
分词：遇到困难句子：即使失败了，他也会继续尝试。
分词：失败了10. 分词作条件状语句子：只要有时间，他就会去帮助别人。
分词：有时间句子：只要你愿意，我就会一直陪伴你。
分词：愿意句子：只要努力，就一定能够成功。
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高考语法 分词作状语&讲解+练习分词作状语的用法可以肯定地说 分词的状语用法是所有分词用法中最重要的也是最难掌握的。
历年的高考英语考题也说明 分词作状语的用法是所有分词用法中最常考的。
因此 本文拟对分词作状语的用法作一小结和分析 同时归纳一些行之有效的做题方法和理解技巧 以帮助同学们掌握其用法。
一、用作时间状语1. 典型例句Seeing the cat, the mouse ran off. 见到猫 老鼠就跑了。
The work finished, he went home. 工作做完后 他就回家了。
2. 理解技巧分词(短语)用作时间状语通常可转换成时间状语从句(引导时间状语的从属连词需根据句意来确定) 如上面两句也可转换成When [As soon as] the mouse saw the cat, it ran off.After the work was finished, he went home.3. 高考实例When _______ different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities. (2006浙江卷)A. comparedB. being comparedC. comparingD. having compared【分析】此题答案选C 分词短语when comparing different cultures 相当于时间状语从句when we compare different cultures。
二、用作原因状语1. 典型例句Being very weak, she couldn't move. 她由于身体虚弱而不能行动。
His car broken down, he had to walk. 他的车坏了 所以只好走路。
Much discouraged, she moved on to London. 她很沮丧 搬到了伦敦。
2. 理解技巧分词(短语)用作原因状语通常可转换成由as, because, since, nowthat 等引导的原因状语从句 如上面三句也可转换成As she was very weak, she couldn’t move.Because his car was broken down, he had to walk.Because she was much discouraged, she moved on to London.3. 高考实例(1) ______ with so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on time. (2006四川卷)A. FacedB. FaceC. FacingD. To face【分析】答案选A。
现在分词短语faced with so much trouble可转换成原因状语从句because we were faced with so much trouble。
(2)______ for the breakdown of the school computer network, Alice wasin low spirits. (2006福建卷)A. BlamingB. BlamedC. To blameD. To be blamed【分析】答案选B。
现在分词短语blamed for the breakdown of the school computer network可转换成原因状语从句because she was blamed for the breakdown of the school computer network。
三、用作条件状语1. 典型例句Working hard, you will succeed. 如果努力工作 你就可以成功。
Adding them all up, we can find the answer. 如果把它们加起来 我们就可以得到答案。
United, we stand; divided, we fall. 团结则存 分裂则亡。
Given more time, we could have done it better. 如果多给点时间 我们可以做得更好。
2. 理解技巧分词(短语)用作条件状语通常可转换成由从属连词if引导的条件状语从句 如上面几句也可转换成If you work hard, you will succeed.If we add them all up, we can find the answer.If we are united, we stand; if we are divided, we fall.If we had been given more time, we could have done it better.3. 高考实例______ time, he’ll make a first-class tennis player. (2003北京春) A. Having given B. To give C. Giving D. Given【分析】答案选D。
give 与其逻辑主语he 是动宾关系 用过去分词 故选D。
分词短语Given time 可转换成条件状语从顺If he is given time。
四、用作让步状语1. 典型例句Living miles away, he attended the course. 虽然住在几英里以外 他仍去上课。
Defeated, he remained a popular boxer. 虽然被击败了 他仍是一个受欢迎的拳击手。
2. 理解技巧分词(短语)用作让步状语通常可转换成由从属连词though, although, no matter…等引导的让步状语从句 如上面两句也可转换成Although he lived miles away, he attended the course.Thought he was defeated, he remained a popular boxer.3. 高考实例No matter how frequently ______, the works of Beethoven still attract people all over the world. (2006广东卷)A. performedB. performingC. to be performedD. being performed【分析】答案选A。
现在分词短语performed在此相当于they areperformed。
No matter how frequently they are performed的意思是“无论它们 指贝多芬的作品 被演奏多少次”。
五、用作伴随状语1. 典型例句He sat in the chair reading a newspaper. 他坐在椅子上看报。
Don't you sit there doing nothing. 别什么也不干坐在那里。
He came in, followed by his wife. 他走了进来 后面跟着他的妻子。
2. 理解技巧理解“伴随状语”的关键是要理解“伴随”二字。
分词(短语)用作伴随状语时 它表示的动作伴随句子谓语动作同时发生即句子谓语所表示的动作为主要动作 分词短语所表示的动作伴随性的次要动作。
3. 高考实例(1) Don’t sit there ______ nothing. Come and help me with this table. (2006湖北卷)A. doB. to doC. doingD. and doing(2) My cousin came to see me from the country, ______me a full basket of fresh fruits. (2006安徽卷)A. broughtB. bringingC. to bringD. had brought(3) Whenever he was asked why he was late for class, he would answer carelessly, always _____ the same thing. (2006江苏卷)A.sayingB. saidC. to sayD. having said(4) We often provide our children with toys, footballs or basketballs,_______ that all children like these things. (2006全国卷)A. thinkingB. thinkC. to thinkD. thought【分析】以上四题答案分别为CBAA。
六、用作方式状语1. 典型例句He earns a living driving a truck. 他靠开卡车谋取生。
I'm returning you letter as requested. 我按要求给你退信。
2. 理解技巧分词(短语)用作方式状语与用作伴随状语的情形比较接近。
有时用作方式状语的现在分词可以转换成by doing sth的结构 如上面第一句也可换成He earns a living by driving a truck.注 近几年高考对分词用作方式状语的情形考得较少。
七、用作结果状语1. 典型例句He fired, killing one of the passers-by. 他开枪了 打死了一个过路人。
He died, leaving his wife with five children. 他死了 留下他妻子和五个儿子。
It rained and rained, vehicles bogged and bridges washed out. 雨不停地下 车辆陷入泥沼 桥梁被水冲去。
2. 理解技巧分词(短语)用作结果状语时 通常可转换成并列句 如上面两句也可转换成He fired and killed one of the passers-by.He died and left his wife with five children.It rained and rained, and vehicles were bogged and bridges were washedout.3. 高考实例(1) He glanced over at her, ______ that though she was tiny, she seemedvery well put together. (2005广东卷)A. notingB. notedC. to noteD. having noted【分析】答案选A 此句也可换成 He glanced over at her and notedthat though she was tiny, she seemed very well put together.(2) Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year, _____ arecord US$ 57.65 a barrel on April 4. (2005山东卷)A. have reachedB. reachingC. to reachD. to be reaching【分析】答案选B此句也可换成Oil prices have risen by 32percent since the start of the year and reached a record US分词作状语时可分为以下几种形式* doing 用来表示主动 且前后动作同时进行。