四六级考试作文五大主题常用词汇

合集下载

四六级写作常用词汇

1、方便：convenient/convenience2、效率：efficient/efficiently/efficiency3、节省和浪费：save time/money/space; economical, thrift ,waste time/money/space; costly, lavish4：人的心理健康：independent, cooperative, competitive, considerate, confident, creative, sociable,perseverant; selfish, isolated, conservative5、人的身体健康：health, disease, strong, strength, energetic6、娱乐：colorful, pleasure, joy, recreation, entertainment, relax, tired, boring, lonely7、环境：environment, pollute, poisonous, dirty8、安全和危险：safe, danger, risk9. 经验：experience, social experience, enter the society10. 人际：humane, fair, unfair, help, assist, freedom, freely11. 网络: the net / the Internet / the web / the virtual world / the electronic world / the cyber world12. 地球: earth / the Planet earth / our Mother Planet / global village13. 电脑: the computer / the machine / the device14. 校园: the campus / the Ivory Tower / the relatively isolated place15. 社会: the society / the real world16. 中国: China / the Middle Kingdom / this ancient country17. 随着...的发展: As... evolves18. ...变的越来越重要.. is becoming increasingly vital19. ...变的越来越普遍.. is becoming increasingly prevalent20. 人们对...越来越重视People have a qrowing respect forsth.21. 人们重视/看中/珍爱某物place a high value on sth.22. 增强竞争力sharpen one's edge23. 使某人具有优势力give sb. the edge24. ...很重要is vital / crucial / essential25. 起...重要作用play a central role in26. 对...有好处... pays off / it pays to .. / sth. is beneficial (rewarding)27. 对...有坏处... have a negative impact on / do harm (damage) to sth.28. 好top / superior students / favorable impact / positive impression29. 坏poor / inferior quality / faulty goods / negative impression基本表达(Basic Elements of English Writing)：越来越：be increasingly + adj., be on the rise, the growing number of人们认为：it is generally/widely believed/held/agreed that许多问题：a host of/a number of problems引起人们注意：claim call/attract general/public/world attention to sth. 意识到：there is a growing awareness/realization of/that, awaken sb. to the fact/danger适应新的形势/变化：adapt/adjust/accommodate oneself to new environment/change接触各种思想/经历：be exposed to new ideas/experiences/problems接触社会：come into frequent/close contact with the world/society获得成功：achieve/accomplish success提出观点/建议：advance / put forward / come up with the arguments/ideas/suggestions作出努力：make tremendous/persistent/sustained effort to do sth., take great pains to do(with work/study)影响学习/工作：interfere with studies/work产生影响：have/exert a profound influence on life/personality, have a dramatic/undesirable effect on较好地驾驭生活：be a better pilot of one's life剥夺机会/权力：deprive oneself of the chance/right/opportunity取代旧的方式：substitute for/take the place of the old way采取措施：take effective steps/measures to控制我们的环境：take/gain increasing control over our own environment 躲避危险/挑战：shy/run away from the dangers/challenge满足要求：meet/satisfy/accommodate the demand of补偿损失：compensate for/make up for the loss/damage解释某现象：account for/explain the phenomenon对……很好的了解：have a better understanding/appreciation of, have a new perspective on. provide/gain an insight into把某因素考虑进去：take sth. Into account(consideration), give muchthought to品位人生/自由/青春：savor the life/freedom/youth培养对……的信心：develop/foster one's interest/confidence in经历变化/困难/艰险：undergo/experience great changes/hardships/experience表现出自信心等：project one's confidence/feeling/image生活充满不公正的地方：life is full of minor irritation/injustice追求学习/职业：pursue one's academic interest/professional career学习知识/技术：pursue/acquire knowledge/technology/skill被看作学习的……榜样：be held up as a good example交流经验/知识：share experience/ideas/problems/knowledge发挥/起到重要作用：play an (important/active/great) role/part逃学/缺课：skip school/a class/a meeting/a lecture知识/经验丰富：rich in knowledge/experience确立/追求目标：set/pursue a goal/higher standard到达目标：achieve/accomplish/stain the goal/aim/objective克服困难：overcome obstacles/difficulty面临危险/困难：be confronted/faced with/in the face of danger/difficulty 阻碍了成功：stand in the way of success, be an obstacle/barrier to success/growth阻碍了发展：hamper/impede/stunt the development of持传统的看法：hold conventional wisdom发表看法：voice/express one's opinion持相反/合理的观点：take the opposite/fresh view揭穿某种一贯的说法：shatter the myth of求得帮助：enlist one's support/help缩小差别：bridge/narrow/fill the gap/gulf (between city and country)把成功/错误归咎于：attribute/own the success/failure to对……重要：be indispensable/important/vital to施加压力：put/exert a academic pressure on重视：assign/attach much importance/significance to强调：place/put much emphasis/stress/value on把注意力集中在：focus/concentrate one's attention/efforts/thoughts upon 提供机会/信息：provide/offer/furnish an opportunity/information for sb. 抓住机会：grab/seize/take the opportunity得到机会：enjoy/gain access to a opportunity/information有可能：there is (little/much) possibility/likelihood that, chances/the odds are that展开竞争：compete against/with sb. for the prize/position/control/the mastery of对我很有/没有什么意义：make much/little sense to me 带来无穷的幸福/满足：be a source of happiness satisfaction/contentment/pride/complaint献身于：devote/dedicate/commit oneself to a cause/career大不（没什么）两样：make much(little/no) difference真正重要的是：what really matters/accounts is …改变生活旅程：change/alter the course of life建立在大量的学习/实践上：built on tremendous amount of study/practice进行调查/执行任务：conduct/carry out an study/task/experiment辞去工作/学习：leave/quit one's job/work/school参加考试/竞赛等：enter (for) the examination/contest, race参加活动/讨论：take part/participate/be engaged in sports/activities/discussion影响思想/态度/事件的形成：shape one's thinking/attitude开展运动：Conduct (carryon/undertake/initiate/launch/wage) a (vigorous/nation-wide/publicity/advertising) campaign (for/against)。

大学英语四六级写作常用高频词汇短语

大学英语四六级写作常用高频词汇短语一、金钱和时间a tight budget资金紧张a time filler消磨时间的事物a waste of time and resources消耗时间和资源abandon oneself to沉溺于academic performance学习表现，学习成绩bankrupt破产；破产的；破产者be obsessed with沉迷于be short of缺乏be wasteful with浪费burn money花钱costly昂贵的discontinue one's studying辍学economic burden经济负担economic difficulty经济困难expend花费，消耗expensive昂贵的finance资助，负担经费；财政，金融financial aid经济资助financial strain资金紧张income收入induce劝诱；促使，导致，引起invest投资jobless失业者；失业的limited public funds有限的公共基金misleading令人误解的，引入歧途的money-consuming浪费钱的money-oriented拜金主义的needy贫困的，缺乏生活必需品的occupy占用overdraft透支pass time消磨时光poverty line贫困线poverty-stricken贫困的，贫乏的profitable赢利的，有益的refrain自制，节制，避免，制止resist the temptation抵制诱惑restrain抑制，制止revel in着迷，酷爱，纵情于，沉迷于rewarding有益的，值得的self-control自控（能力），克己self-discipline自律，自我约束skip classes逃课starvation饥饿take up占用，开始从事throw money into thin air浪费钱time-consuming消耗时间的wallow in沉溺于wile/while away the time消磨时间二、才能和智力a learned person知识渊博的人ability of expression表达能力adept熟练的，拿手的；老手，擅长者appreciate赏识，鉴赏assessment评价，估价brains智力，脑髓brightness聪明，智慧creative创造性的criterion（pl.criteria）标准excel优于，优秀，胜过他人experience经验，体验，经历，阅历experienced富有经验的explore探险，探究，开发fantastic幻想的，荒谬的，空想的genius天才，天赋high-quality高质量的idealism理想主义illogical不合逻辑的inherence（性质等的）内在，固有，天赋innate天生的，与生俱来的insight洞察力，见识instinct直觉，本能instinctive本能的intellect智力intellectual理智的，知识的master精通，掌握narrow-minded思想狭隘的nature本性，天性observation观察，观测potential潜在的，可能的；潜能，潜力promote促进，发扬，推广，宣传put into great play充分发挥quality education素质教育sophisticated复杂的；老练的，世故的stimulate刺激，激励survival ability生存能力talented有才能的thinking pattern思维模式三、教育和健康abolish废除abolishment废除admission入学allergy过敏症analysis分析authoritative权威的，有权威的be determined by由……决定be enrolled in入学be physically damaging有害健康的business school商学院by means of依靠，通过……方式cancer-causing致癌chronic慢性的comprehensive全面的content内容convenience food方便食品deadline最终期限demerit缺点depression抑郁，沮丧determine决定development of personality个性发展diagnose诊断diversify使多样化do harm to one’s health有害健康doubt the reliability怀疑可信度duck-stuffing填鸭式的educational institution教育部门endanger危及energetic精力充沛的enrollment登记，注册，入学entrance examination入学考试essence基本，本质examination-oriented education应试教育examiner考官eyesight视力fairly公正地，公平地fatigue疲乏fitness健康grade等级；评分graduate school研究生院harmful有毒的，有害的health care医疗保健healthful有益健康的high fat and calorie高脂肪和高热量immune免疫的indigestion消化不良infectious disease传染病innovate改革，创新inspire鼓舞，激发intensive training course强化班junior college大专院校junk food垃圾食品law school法学院malnutrition营养不良medical school医学院memory记忆，记忆力noxious有害的objective客观的oily food油腻食物poisonous有毒的practical capability实际能力pressure压力prevention预防quality-oriented education素质教育reform改善，改良；改革，革新reliability可信度remedy治疗法research研究，调查rigid严格的set time规定时间，指定时间strength实力，力量，力度testing techniques考试技巧thesis defence论文答辩throw away扔掉，丢弃training训练，练习treatment治疗，处理tumor瘤undergraduate students本科生unfavorable令人不快的unhealthy competition不正当竞争unified统一标准的unjust不公正的utterly完全地，绝对地vegetarian素食者；素食的virus病毒vocational school职业学校weariness疲倦wisdom智慧四、工作和生活a work addict工作狂an office location办公地点arrangement安排be concerned with参与，干预client顾客，客户colleague同事，同僚commuting and travel往返上下班concentration集中，专心concern涉及，关系；关注，关心cost-effective成本低的，划算的employee职工，雇员encouragement鼓励extra expenses额外的费用handy手边的，就近的，便利的have access to可以使用ideally理想地，完美地improve personal skills提升个人能力inspire sb.with sth.激励pajamas睡衣power能力；力量；动力prompting促进，激励relevant有关的，相应的rush hour高峰时间significant有意义的，重大的skills shortages技术缺乏spirit up激励suit personal needs满足个人需要suitable适当的，相配的switch jobs转换工作traffic congestion交通阻塞with the advent of随着……到来work clothes工作服五、文化和传统aboriginal土著的aesthetic美学的，审美的ancestor祖先，祖宗ancient古代的，远古的archeologist考古学家artistic value艺术价值be passed down传递celebrated著名的cherish珍视，珍爱civilization文明，文明社会costume服装，装束cradle of culture文化摇篮cultivate培养，养成cultural background文化背景cultural institutions文化机构diversity差异，多样性embroidery刺绣品，刺绣，装饰folk art民间艺术gallery戏院，美术陈列室，画廊globalization of culture文化全球化great and profound博大精深的historic relics历史文物in danger处于危险之中indigenous本土的language extinction语言消亡language loss语言消失language preservation语言保护minority少数民族minority people少数民族mother tongue母语obstacle障碍，妨害物obstruction阻塞，妨碍old-fashioned过时的open-minded思想开放的opera歌剧out of fashion不流行的out-of-date过时的places of interest名胜古迹quintessence精粹，精华，典范remains遗迹reservation保留，保护sociology社会学splendid壮丽的，辉煌的，极好的spread传播take pride in以……为荣temple寺庙traditional culture传统文化transform转换，改变，转化，改造transmit传输，发射，传播treasure财富，财产；珍爱，爱惜tribal traditions种族传统tribe部落unique唯一的，独特的vanish消失，突然不见variety多样性；品种，种类；变化六、经济和发展allowance补贴，补助金，津贴amount总数，总值bill钞票，纸币bond债券boycott foreign products抵制外来产品bribe贿赂budget预算cash现金change零钱commerce商业commission佣金，回扣competition竞争competitive竞争的consumer消费者，用户consumption消费量cost成本，费用customer顾客，客户declare bankruptcy宣布破产deficit赤字demand需求depression萧条discount折扣drawing取出存款duty税earnings利润，收益economic burden经济负担economic inequality经济不平等estimate估价expenditure开支，支出export出口financial crisis金融危机forecast预测founder创业者goods产品import进口inflation通货膨胀input投入insurance保险（单/费）interest利息interest rate利率investment投资，资产item项目，细目journal日记簿laid-off worker下岗工人luxurious奢侈的，豪华的manufacturer制造商，制造厂mass production大规模生产means of circulation流通手段merchant商人，（英）批发商，（美）零售商necessity必要性，需要offer报盘，出价outlet销路，出口output产出，产量plan计划precious宝贵的，贵重的，珍爱的private enterprise私人企业productive生产的productivity生产率purchase购买，进货quotation报价receipt收据run out of用完，用光，耗尽sale销售saving存款share股份，股票starvation饥饿subsidize资助，津贴subsidy补贴，补助金，津贴sum总数，全额supply供应，补给surplus过剩tax税taxpayer纳税人trade贸易transfer转让，转账，过户turnover营业额，销售额valuable贵重的，有价值的well-being康乐，安宁，福利win the bid中标七、科技和进步advanced高级的，先进的application应用，运用backup/copy文件备份click敲击clone technology克隆技术communication传达，信息，交通，通讯computer virus电脑病毒convey运输，输送，传达cultural penetration文化渗透cyber crime网络犯罪cyberspace网络，计算机空间delightful令人愉快的，可喜的enjoyable令人愉快的，可享受的entertainment款待，娱乐，娱乐表演ever-accelerated不断发展的fantasy幻想，白日梦immeasurable不可估量的information superhighway信息高速路interact with与……交往，接触Internet surfing网上冲浪Internet user网民irresistible不可抵抗的，不能压制的keyboard键盘medium（pl.media）媒体monitor显示器mouse鼠标offender犯法者office automation办公自动化online在线proficiency熟练程度，精通程度revolution革命rumor谣言，传闻social interaction社会交往social isolation与世隔绝technical limitations技术的局限性terrorism恐怖主义，恐怖行为tiring引起疲劳的，累人的touch screen触摸屏undermine破坏，危害virtual life虚拟生活web addiction沉溺于上网Website（环球网的）站点word processing文字处理八、环境和自然absorb吸引，吸收abyss深渊accumulate积累，堆积acid rain酸雨acute diseases急性病adjust to nature适应自然artificial precipitation人工降雨basin流域，盆地bay海湾beach海滩bed河床brook小溪canal运河cliff悬崖，峭壁coast海岸continent大陆cope with应付coral珊瑚current水流cut down砍倒depredate掠夺，毁坏descendant后代，子孙，后裔desert沙漠devastation毁坏die out灭绝dilapidate（使部分）毁坏，浪费doom厄运，毁灭drought旱灾dust灰尘，尘埃ecology生态学energy crisis能源危机environmental awareness环保意识environmental pollution环境污染existence存在，生活fertile肥沃的，富饶的filter过滤器；过滤flood洪水，水灾flow泛滥forest森林fuel燃料glacier冰川grimy污秽的，肮脏的gulf海湾hurricane飓风iceberg冰山industrial waste工业废料industrialized工业化的inlet小湾intolerable无法忍受的irresponsible不负责任的island岛land clearing开垦荒地mainland大陆marsh沼泽messy凌乱的，肮脏的modernization现代化natural disaster自然灾害over-fishing过度捕捞over-grazing过度放牧plain平原plateau高原pond池塘preventive预防性的put the blame on归咎于rainfall降雨，降雨量reconstruct重建，改造ridge山脊sandstorm沙暴short-sighted目光短浅的social evolution社会进步source源头spring泉，源泉stream小溪summit山顶，峰survival of the fittest适者生存swamp沼泽take revenge on报复territory领土，地域tide潮utilize利用valley山谷volcano火山waste disposal废物处理waterfall瀑布white pollution白色污染九、体育和赛事a sporting event运动赛事advertising exposure广告播放amateur业余的athlete运动员，运动选手athletic skill运动技能backstroke仰泳badminton羽毛球baseball棒球basketball篮球become associated with与……有关联的bobsleigh滑雪长橇boxing拳击breaststroke蛙泳bridge桥牌canoe独木舟chess象棋competitor竞争者concord和谐confrontation对抗contender竞争者contest竞赛cricket板球dash短跑discus铁饼diving跳水doping兴奋剂envision想象，预想epitome浓缩，缩影fencing击剑football足球（美式橄榄球）freestyle自由泳friendly relationships友好关系fund赞助gender discrimination性别歧视golf高尔夫球gym体育馆gymnastics体操hammer链球handball手球high jump跳高hockey曲棍球ice hockey冰球long jump跳远marathon马拉松measurement评价标准motto座右铭，格言Olympics奥运会opening ceremony开幕式overt politicking公开的政治活动pole vault撑竿跳prestige声望，威望，威信promote friendly relationships增进友谊race赛跑representative代表rowing划船sailing帆船运动shot put推铅球showcase陈列，展示skating滑冰skiing滑雪soccer英式足球sports talent体育天才swim游泳symbolic象征的table tennis乒乓球tennis网球throwing投掷运动torch火把，火炬victory胜利volleyball排球wrestling摔跤。

四级考试常用主题词汇

四级考试常用主题词汇一、教育主题。

1. curriculum（课程）- 解析：“curriculum”是一个名词，指学校或教育机构设置的课程体系。

例如：The school is reforming its curriculum to meet the needs of modern society.（学校正在改革其课程以满足现代社会的需求。

）2. tutor（导师；家庭教师）- 解析：既可以指在大学等教育机构中指导学生学习和研究的导师，也可以指为个别学生进行课外辅导的家庭教师。

例如：My tutor helped me a great deal with my thesis.（我的导师在我的论文方面给予了我很大的帮助。

）3. seminar（研讨会）- 解析：通常是一种小型的、集中讨论某个特定学术或专业话题的会议形式。

例如：We attended a seminar on environmental protection last week.（我们上周参加了一个关于环境保护的研讨会。

）4. assignment（作业；任务）- 解析：老师布置给学生需要完成的学习任务，如书面作业、研究任务等。

例如：I have a lot of assignments to finish this weekend.（这个周末我有很多作业要完成。

）5. scholarship（奖学金）- 解析：给予学生的资金奖励，以表彰其学业优秀或其他特殊才能。

例如：He won a scholarship to study abroad.（他获得了一份奖学金去国外学习。

）二、健康主题。

1. nutrition（营养）- 解析：是指人体从食物中摄取的养分。

例如：Good nutrition is essential for a healthy body.（良好的营养对健康的身体至关重要。

）2. workout（锻炼；健身）- 解析：可作名词，指体育锻炼或健身活动。

(完整版)英语四级作文常用词汇.doc

英语四级作文常用词汇1 解决 : Solve, deal with, cope with, handle, resolve, address, tackle2 损害： Damage, hurt, injure, harm, impair, undermine, jeopardize3 给与： Give, offer, render, impart, provide, supply, afford4 培养：： Develop, cultivate, foster5 优势： Advantage, merit, virtue, benefit, upside, strength6缺陷： Disadvantage, demerit, drawback, downside, weakness7使迷惑： Puzzle, bewilder, perplex, baffle8重要的： Key, crucial, critical, important, significant, vital,substantial, indispensable, imperative9 认为： Think, believe, insist, maintain, assert, conclude, deem, hold, argue, be convinced, be firmly convinced, be fully convinced10保护： Protect, conserve, preserve11确保： Assure, ensure, guarantee, pledge12有害的： Bad, baneful evil, harmful, detrimental13要求：Request, demand, needs, requisition14消除：Eliminate, clear, remove, clear up, take away, smooth away15导致： Lead to, bring about, result in, cause, spark off, conduce to, procure, induce, generate16因此： So, therefore, thus, hence, consequently, as a consequence, accordingly, as a result, because of this, as a result of this17 增长至： Grow to ，rise to ， increase to ，go up to ，climb to ，ascend to ，jump to ，shoot to18 降低至： Dip to ，fall to ， decline to ，decrease to ，drop to ，go down to ，reduce to ， slump to ， descend to ， sink to ， slide to19 保持定： Level out ，do not change，remain stable ，remain still ，remain steady ， be stable ， maintain the same level ，remain unchanged，be still ，remain the same level ， stay constant ，keep at the same level ，level off ，stabilize ， keep its stability ， even out20 急地：Dramatically ，drastically ，sharply ，hugely ，enormously ，steeply ，substantially ，considerably ，significantly ，markedly ， surprisingly ，strikingly ，radically ，remarkably ，vastly ， noticeably21 平地： Steadily ，smoothly ，slightly ，slowly ，marginally ，gradually ，moderately ，mildly22 宣称： Allege, assert, declare, claim23 生： Happen, occur, take place24 原因： Reason, factor, cause25 展： Development, advance, progress26 有益的： Useful, helpful, beneficial, profitable, rewarding ，advantageous27影响： Influence, impact, effect28明的： Clear, obvious, evident, self-evident, manifest, apparent,crystal-clear29占： Comprise, take up, account for, constitute, consist of, make up,occupy, hold, compose30与⋯相比： Comparedwith ，compared to ，in comparison with ，in comparisonto ，by comparison with，by comparison to31 比而言： By contrast ，in contrast ，on the other hand，on the contrary= ，conversely32 展示： Show, reveal, illustrate, demonstrate, depict, present,represent, describe33 大： Approximately ，almost ，about ，around ，nearly ，roughly34 波动： Fluctuate ，go ups and downs，display a fluctuation ，demonstrate a fluctuation35 事实上： Practically，in practice，essentially，in essence，in reality，in effect，in fact，as a matter of fact，it is a fact that36 换言之： Namely，that is to say to put it differently ，to put it angle .， in other words ，to put it like this ， from another way，to put it from another。

英语四六级作文核心话题词总结

英语四六级作文核心话题词总结离2016年12月英语四六级考试的'日子日益逼近，有的同学焦躁不安，如热锅上的蚂蚁，还有的同学漠然视之，坐以待毙。

其实，短期之内好好准备下写作部分，在考前梳理下作文常见的重要表达对于考试也是大有裨益的。

针对此，yjbys网店铺将作文核心话题词进行如下归纳总结。

1. 乐观悲观与坚持Optimism/pessimism;be optimistic/pessimistic about;persist in/insist on/stick to2. 趋势估计与发展It is estimated that...Sth will develop for a better direction.The value of sth can’t be underestimated3. 核心重要与角色Sth plays an indispensable role in our personal growth.4. 措施对策与联合It is high time that we appealed to the administration and the society to combine efforts to step up action.Appeal to sb to do sth =call on sb to do sth.5. 意识加强与呼吁strengthenBe aware of ...Be fully aware of the fact that...We must...6. 物质精神与和谐Material wealth;Spiritual satisfaction;A is in disharmony with B.Material wealth lays a solid foundation, thus creating a harmonious society.7. 能力知识与素质(重点预测)Knowledge and ability are the most important factors to one’s quality.8. 人类自然与平衡(永恒话题)Striking the balance between human beings and nature is the most important precondition for maintaining sustainable development.9. 阐明解释与结论(必考用语)According to the information offered by the illustration, we can come to a conclusion that the integration of western culture and Chinese civilization has become quite a common phenomenon.10. 关注危害与倡导Close attention should be paid to ...A is harmful to B.A do/does harm to sb.Pollution is becoming increasing severe, bringing negative /destructive influence on human beings.11. 反省与缩影Reflect/mirror/epitomizeA reflect B.A is a reflection of B.A is an epitomize of B拓展阅读：英语四级作文练习DirectionsWrite a composition entitled On Online Chatting. You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below inChinese.作文练习1. 为孩子聘请家教目前非常普遍2.家教的利与弊3.我的看法参考范文A recent investigation shows that about 80 percent of pupils have private tutors.Such a popular practice indicates that people are attaching greater importance to education. Many parents，for various reasons，missed the chance of obtaining a good education. When their children meet with difficulties in study，they are helpless. Private tutoring is the only solution. As private tutoring is usually one-to-one，the teacher knows the strong points as well as the weak points of the pupil clearly.However，private tutoring has its own disadvantages. For one thing，it takes up so much of the pupils’ time that they can hardly find enough time for rest and entertainment， which are essential for their physical and mental health. For another，some teachers，busy “shuttling” from one family to another，tend to neglect their regular teaching duties. What’s more，some teachers are eager to help pupils do well in the test，offering the so-called tips for test-taking rather than help them acquire what is more meaningful.Generally speaking，its disadvantages outweigh its advantages. Greater emphasis should be laid on classroom teaching and practice， on the improvement of teaching quality and on the tapping of pupils’ potentials. Only in this way can a new generation be healthily brought up.【英语四六级作文核心话题词总结】。

四六级作文常用的基本术语盘点

四六级作文常用的基本术语盘点常用的基本术语：1. 意识到：there is a growing awareness(知道)/realization of/that，awaken sb. To the fact/danger2. 人们认为：it is generally/widely believed/held/agreed that3. 许多问题：a host/ number of problem4. 引起人们注意：claim call/attract general/public/world attention to sth.5. 接触各种思想/经历：be exposed to new ideas/experiences/problems6. 适应新的形势/变化：adapt/adjust/accommodate(使适应) oneself to new environment/ change7. 越来越：be increasingly +adj.，be on the rise，a growing number of8. 剥夺机会/权力：deprive oneself of the chance/right/opportunity9. 获得成功：achieve/accomplish success10. 提出观点/建议：advance/put forward/come up with thearguments/ideas/suggestions11. 作出努力：make tremendous(极大的)/persistent(持久稳固的)/sustained(持续不变的) effort to do sth.，take great pains to do(with work/study)12. 影响学习：interfere with studies/work13. 产生影响：have/exert a profound(深刻的) influence on life/personality，have a dramatic/ undesirable(令人不快的) effect on14. 较好地驾驭生活：be a better pilot of one’s life15. 接触社会：come into frequent/close contact with the world/society16. 取代：substitute(替代) for/take the place of the old way17. 采取措施：take effective steps/measures to要提高教学质量,还要做好课后辅导工作,初一学生爱动、好玩,缺乏自控能力,常在学习上不能按时完成作业,有的学生抄袭作业,针对这种问题,就要抓好学生的思想教育,并使这一工作惯彻到对学生的学习指导中去,还要做好对学生学习的辅导和帮助工作。

四六级写作高级词汇总结

四六级写作高级词汇总结动词部分Verb1、Think (that)hold the (opinion/ belief/ position/standpoint/idea) thatassume, believe, deem, reckon, argue, maintain, suppose, conceive, insist, be convincedto my knowledge, personally, from my personal perspective, as far as I am concerned, from my point of view, from my angle, consider, conceive, perspective2、Showconvey, reveal, express, corroborate, justify, imply, verify, clarify, signify, exemplify, illuminatesubstantiate, demonstrate, elucidate, denote, characterized as, instruct, display, disclose, indicate, means, explaingive an/a example (reason, explanation) of, bear out, point out, point toward…3、Knowrealize, comprehend, identify, distinguish, discern, notice, perceive, recognize, seeunderstand, figure out, be acquainted with, be familiar with4、Getacquire, attain, acquire, achieve, obtain, gain5、Suggesthave a proposal in6、Increasemagnify, expand, proliferate, mushroom, improve, enhance, advance…7、Impressaffect, inspire, engrave on, imprint of8、Influenceimpact, affect, guide, sway9、Stophalt, cease, conclude, desist, end, pause, put an end to, quit, refrain, shut down, terminate10、Makecreate, assemble, built, construct, form, manufacture; fore, cause, compel, constrain, drive, impel, induce, oblige, prevail, upon, require11、Givepresent, award, contribute, deliver, donate, grant, hand over, hand out, provide, supply12、Breakseparate, burst, crack, destroy, disintegrate, fracture, fragment, shatter, smash, snap13、Destroyruin, raze, annihilate, crush, demolish, devastate, eradicate, shatter, wipe out, wreck, obliterate, weaken, undermine14、Happenoccur, come about, come to pass, develop, result, take place, transpire名词部分Noun1、Problemissue,question, case, trouble, difficulty, dilemma2、Meetingconference, discussion, assembly, conclave, congress, conventiongathering session, assignation, encounter, confrontation, argument, controversy3、Studylearning, application, lessons, reading, research, school work, examination, analysisconsideration, contemplation, inspection, investigation, knowledge,scholarship4、Advantagebenefit, dominance, precedence, profit, superiority, merit5、Disadvantageshortcoming, weakness, inconvenience, drawback, deficiency, flaw, handicap (also v. 妨碍), downside, limitation6、Lifeexistence, conduct, life style, way of life介词/副词Adv/Prep1、Firstlypreviously, beforehand, foremost, initially, originally, formerly, principally, mainly, essentially, basically, generally, commonly, universallyon the whole, fundamentally, to begin with, to start with, first of all, at the outset2、Thensubsequently, afterward, thereafter, after that, succeeding (adj.), secondarily, what is more, furthermore (further more)c3、Lastlyultimately, eventually, in conclusion, to conclude, as a final point, last of all, last but not least, finally4、Tooas well (句末), in addition, besides, moreover, additionally, to boot, excessively, also5、Andplus, as well as, along with, in addition, bonus, with6、Orotherwise, if not, before, or else7、So (adv)therefore, thus, consequently, accordingly, as a result, for that reason, hence, that’s why8、Becauseas, due to, since, as to, in that, for the reason that, for, now that9、Buthowever, moreover, nevertheless, nonethelesson the contrary, on the other hand让步although, even thought, though, even if, while, as, despite the fact that10、Onlyjust, merely, barely, singly, solely, rarely11、Withoutexcluding12、Veryextremely, acutely, decidedly, deeply, exceedingly, greatly, highly, uncommonly, profoundly, unusually13、Actuallyas a matter of fact, indeed, in fact, in point of fact, in reality, in truth, literally, truly形容词/副词Adj/Prep1、Importantessential, significant, vital, crucial, profound, play a pushingrole,indispensable, requisite, critical, fundamental, primary,elementary, underlying, rudimentary, basically, necessary2、【附加傻句替换】I think that A is more important than B.以下的句子中的important可随意替换同义词. A is important to B.2. A plays an/aimportant role to B.3. A is of (great\enormous\significant\awesome) to B.4. B can not (live\developed\grow\survive\achieve) without A.5. A means (a lot\a great deal\much) to B.6.The importance of A (to B) can never be(exaggerated\denied\ignored\doubted).7. A is everything/the whole world to B.8. B is fundamental on A.9. A matters/counts to B.10. Nothing is more crucial to B than A.11. A is to B what the (foundation is to a skyscraper\water is to fish\the heart is to a human)3、Biggigantic, massive, colossal, enormous, immense, gargantuan, tremendous, titanic, giant, vast, large, huge, monster, bulky4、Smallminimum, diminutive, minute, petite, wee, undersized, teeny, tiny, little, petite(女子身高娇小)5、Forever (adv)infinity, eternal, timeless, everlasting，undying, endless, changeless, perpetually6、Goodmarvelous, fabulous, gorgeous, spectacular, outstanding, distinguished, remarkable, superb, incredible, unbelievable, out of this world, magnificent, charming, stunning, fantastic, terrific, excellent, great, wonderful, amazing, awesome7、Badawful, terrible, dreadful, defective, faulty, imperfect, inadequate, poor, substandard, unsatisfactory, harmful, damaging, deleterious, detrimental, hurtful, ruinous, unhealthy, evil, immoral8、Cleverbrilliant, knowledgeable, intellectual, intelligent, excellent, bright, smart9、Happydelightful, delectable, elated, glad, overjoyed, pleased, jubilant, merry, joyful10、Beautifulcharming, charismatic, attractive, gorgeous, pretty, endearing, sweet, adorable, eye-catching, handsome, hot, cute,good-looking, lovable, engaging11、Fastswift, quick, rapid, speedy, hasty, nippy, like lightning,+hurry (v): hustle, rush, make haste, tear, step on it, dash, get a move on, step on it, scoot11、Easysimple, effortless, no trouble, painless, plain sailing, uncomplicated, undemanding, unproblematic, a piece of cake (informal), child’s play (informal)12、Clearobvious, apparent, blatant, comprehensible, conspicuous, distinct, evident, manifest, palpable, plain, pronounced, recognizable, transparent, intelligible, lucid, plain, understandable, uninvolved, simple13、Directbald, basic, frank, naked, plain, sincere, stark, straightforward, candid, forthright, outspoken14、Difficulthard, tricky, complicated, complex, intricate, involved, knotty, perplexing, puzzling, thorny15、Angryannoyed, cross, displeased, enraged, exasperated, incensed, infuriated, irate, mad (informal), livid (informal), berserk, outraged, resentful16、Dangerousperilous, breakneck, chancy (informal), hazardous, insecure, precarious, risky, unsafe, vulnerable以上就是今天的考前干货。

英语四级作文必用词汇

英语四级作文必用词汇英语四级作文必用词汇想要提高英语写作水平，背诵词汇是必须的，那么，下面是店铺给大家整理收集的英语四级作文必用词汇，供大家阅读参考。

英语四级作文必用词汇：1.经济的快速发展 the rapid development of economy2.人民生活水平的显著提高/ 稳步增长the remarkable improvement/ steady growth of people’s living standard3.先进的科学技术 advanced science and technology4.面临新的机遇和挑战be faced with new opportunities and challenges5.人们普遍认为It is commonly believed/ recognized that……6.社会发展的必然结果the inevitable result of social development7.引起了广泛的公众关注arouse wide public concern/ draw public attention8.不可否认It is undeniable that……/ There is no denying that……9.热烈的讨论/ 争论 a heated discussion/ debate10. 有争议性的问题 a controversial issue11.完全不同的观点 a totally different argument12.一些人……而另外一些人……Some pe ople……while others……13. 就我而言/ 就个人而言As far as I am concerned，/ Personally，14.就……达到绝对的一致reach an absolute consensus on……15.有充分的理由支持 be supported by sound reasons16.双方的论点 argument on both sides17.发挥着日益重要的作用 play an increasingly important rolein……18.对……必不可少be indispensable to ……19.正如谚语所说 As the proverb goes:20. ……也不例外……be no exception21．对……产生有利/不利的影响exert positive/ negative effects on……22．利远远大于弊the advantages far outweigh the disadvantages 23．导致，引起lead to/ give rise to/ contribute to/ result in24．复杂的社会现象a complicated social phenomenon25．责任感 / 成就感sense of responsibility/ sense of achievement26. 竞争与合作精神sense of competition and cooperation27. 开阔眼界widen one’s horizon/ broaden one’s vision28．学习知识和技能acquire knowledge and skills29．经济/心理负担financial burden / psychological burden30．考虑到诸多因素take many factors into account/ consideration31. 从另一个角度from another perspective32．做出共同努力make joint efforts33. 对……有益be beneficial / conducive to……34．为社会做贡献make contributions to the society35．打下坚实的基础lay a solid foundation for……36．综合素质comprehensive quality37．无可非议blameless / beyond reproach39．致力于/ 投身于be committed / devoted to……40. 应当承认Admittedly,作文万能模板1、解决方法题型要求考生列举出解决问题的多种途径1．问题现状2．怎样解决(解决方案的优缺点)In recent days, we have to face I problem-----A, which is becoming more and more serious. First, (说明Ａ的现状)．Second, (举例进一步说明现状)Confronted with A, we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation. For one thing, (解决方法一). For another （解决方法二). Finally, 解决方法三).Personally, I believe that (我的解决方法). Consequently, I’m confident that a bright future is awaiting us because (带来的好处).2、现象说明文Recently _______,what amazes us most is______________,it is ture that__________.There are many reasons explaining________________.The main reason is__________________.what is more_______________.thirdly_______________.As a result_______________.Considering all there,____________.For one thing__________________,for another____________.In Conclusion______________.3、说明利弊题型这种题型往往要求先说明一下现状，再对比事物本身的利弊，有时也会单从一个角度（利或弊）出发，最后往往要求考生表明自己的态度（或对事物前景提出预测）1．说明事物现状2．事物本身的优缺点（或一方面）3．你对现状（或前景）的看法Nowadays many people prefer A because it has a significant role in our daily life. Generally, its advantages can be seen as follows. First (Ａ的'优点之一). Besides （A的优点之二）.But every coin has two sides. The negative aspects are also apparent. One of the important disadvantages is that(Ａ的第一个缺点)．To make matters worse,(A的第二个缺点)．Through the above analysis, I believe that the positive aspects overweigh the negative ones. Therefore, I would like to(我的看法)．(From the comparison between these positive and negative effects of A, we should take it reasonably and do it according to the circumstances we are in. Only by this way, (对前景的预测)．)4、图表作文的框架as is shown/indicated/illustrated by the figure/percentage in the table(graph/picture/pie/chart), ___作文题目的议题_____ has been on rise/ decrease (goesup/increases/drops/decreases),significantly/dramatically/st eadily rising/decreasing from______ in _______ to ______ in _____.From the sharp/marked decline/ rise in the chart, it goes without saying that ________.There are at least two good reasons accounting for ______. On the one hand, ________. On the other hand, _______ is due to the fact that ________. In addition, ________ is responsible for _______. Maybe there are some other reasons to show ________. But it is generally believed that the above mentioned reasons are commonly convincing.As far as I am concerned, I hold the point of view that _______.I am sure my opinion is both sound and well-grounded.。

四六级写作常用词汇(总结)

大学英语四级六级写作词汇1.认为，主张argue, maintain, hold, believe2.考虑take sth. into consideration, consider, ponder, meditate, contemplate, think over, reflect on/ upon, meditate on the matter(思考这问题), ponder over3.下结论，断定come into conclusion, arrive at the conclusion, draw the conclusion,4.获得acquire, obtain, attain, reap5.赢得，取得earn, gain, procure6.支持approve of, in favor of,uphold, stand by one's side,agree with, give one's assent7.提倡advocate, recommend8.反对opposite, object to9.抵制resist10.意义深远，重大的far-reaching, profound, significant, eventful(变故多的,重要的) 11重要的，有决定性的vital, crucial, critical, decisive12.充分运用optimize, make best use of, make full use of,13.使用employ, utilize(vt.)14.志气，抱负ambition, aspiration15.后来，然后afterwards, later on, later, after all16.高兴的be in a good mood, happy, cheerful, joyful, joyous, pleased, delighted17.当前，目前nowadays, at present, currently, presently18.表达voice, convey, express, deliver, communicate19.描绘，描述，描写depict, describe, picture20.勤奋的，勤勉的diligent, studious(慎重的), industrious, assiduous21.认真的，谨慎的conscientious, cautious22.冷静的，清醒的sober, reasonable, sensible, rational23.聪明的，有才智的intelligent，bright，wise，brilliant24.疲惫不堪的exhausted，fatigued，run－down，worn－out，weary25.适应be adapted to，be accustomed to，be adjusted to26.阻碍，阻止hinder(后面的), curb(路边), hamper, restrain, prevent, ward off, avoid27.好处，优点advantage，merit，benefit28.坏处，缺点disadvantage, defect, flaw, drawback, deficiency29.参加participate in, attend, take part in, go in for, engage in30.集中精力于focus on, center on, concentrate on31.专心于set one's mind on32.抽出时间做set aside, put aside, spare33.依赖，依靠rely on, lean on34.沮丧的frustrated,discouraged,depressed, down-hearted, disheartened, low-spirited35.努力做，尽力做attempt to, make efforts to, endeavor(尽力) to, manage to do36.进步，成就，advancement, achievement, accomplishment, fulfillment, progress37.渴望yearning, thirst, aspiration, long for, aspire after/to (do)sth.38.禁止ban, prohibit, forbid, ban sth./ ban sb. from doing39.除……之外apart from, in addition to, along with40.开展，实施practice, carry on, conduct, perform, implement, put in practice41.强调，突出lay/ place emphasis on, stress on, highlight, underline(划线, 强调)42.优秀的outstanding, perfect, brilliant, remarkable,distinguished, excellent, splendid43.实现，完成achieve, accomplish, fulfill, complete44.把……看作，当作regard as , consider as, treat…as, view …as45.珍爱，珍惜，重视cherish, treasure, value, attach importance to46.全面的，彻底的sheer, utter, thorough47.注定be doomed to, be destined to48.解释account for , illustrate, clarify49.起作用play a role, perform, function, serve, play a part50.证实，证明testify, confirm, verify, turn out51.遇到，碰到come across, meet with, encounter, confront52.粗俗的，不雅的vulgar, unrefined, obscene, improper, foul, crude, coarse, rough53.教育性的，启发性的instructive, educational, enlightening54.难以置信的，惊人的fantastic, incredible, unusual, unbelievable, exceptional, extraordinary, marvelous, notable noteworthy (显著地),striking, shocking amazing, appalling(令人震惊的, 骇人听闻的), , astonishing, surprising55.迷人的，吸引人enchanting, charming, appealing, alluring, fascinating, attractive56.扩展，扩大expand, broaden, widen, extend, enlarge, spread57.请教，咨询consult, return to , resort to(诉诸于)58.等不及，渴望can't wait to , be eager to/for , long for, yearn for/to/after, hunger for/after, look forward to59.忧虑的，不安的anxious, uneasy, troubled, concerned, restless60.使……不安，扰乱upset, agitate(v. 搅动,煽动), bother, disturb, trouble, (worry)61.有偏见的，偏心的biased, prejudiced, partial, discriminative62.为了for the sake of, in order to ,so as to, on the purpose of63.事实上in reality, in effect , as a matter of fact ,practically, virtually, actually64.低等的，次要的inferior, junior, minor, secondary, lesser, insignificant65.明智的，合理的advisable, sensible, rational, sane, logical, reasonable66.提高improve, increase, enhance, raise, elevate, grow67.给予，捐赠，赠予impart(传授), denote, contribute, give68.使信服convince, persuade, assure, confirm69.有敌意的，反对的hostile, adverse, aggressive70.方法，手段method, approach, means, measure, mode71.减少，削弱reduce, decrease, diminish, lessen, lower72.全部的，全面的entire, overall, comprehensive73.唯一的，仅有的sole, single, unique74.教授tutor, coach, educate75.显示point to , indicate, demonstrate, reflect, manifest76.缩短，减少shorten, cut down77.滋生，产生breed, cultivate, develop, produce78.节约的economical, thrifty(节俭的), frugal(简朴的), saving, sparing(节俭的)79.建立construct, build, set up, put up, found, establish80.迟早，最终eventually, sooner or later, at length, ultimately, finally81.遭受，遭遇be subjected to, sustain, encounter, suffer82.在我看来，就我而言in my view/belief, as far as I can see,as far as I am concerned, in my opinion/ mind83.想出，想到come up with, cross one's mind, occur to sb, put forward, point out84.与……相联系be connected with, be linked to ,be relevant to, have sth to do with85.需要call for, require, demand, need86.真诚的，诚实的，正值的sincere, truthful, genuine, upright87.轻视，藐视despise, contempt(n), belittle(vt), distain(v. 使变脏, 伤害名誉)88.假的，伪造的fake, deceptive(欺骗性的), disguised(伪装), cheating89.涌入flood into, overflow into, crowd into, swarm(v./n. 涌往，挤满) in90.合作cooperate, join forces, work side by side, make joint efforts91.建设性的，有益的constructive, helpful, valuable, useful92.遵守abide by(vi. 坚持, 遵守vt. 容忍), observe, conform93.目的，目标purpose, objective, aim94.易于，倾向于be prone to, be liable to, tend to, incline to, be likely to95.重复的repetitively, repeatedly, over and over, time and again, again and again96.失业的unemployed, laid-off, jobless, workless97.熟悉，知道be acquainted with, be familiar with, be informed of98.解决，处理resolve, settle, deal with, cope with, manage, work on99.必要的，不可缺少的indispensable, essential, necessary100.影响affect, impact, have effect on101.意识到be aware of, be conscious of, realize, recognize102.消费consume, expend103.专心于set one's mind on sth, concentrate on, be absorbed/engrossed in, be lost in, be occupied in, be attentive on, pay attention to104.决心做be determined to do, make up one's mind to do, decide to do105.足够的，充足的sufficient, adequate, ample106.吸收，消化assimilate, digest, grasp, absorb, comprehend107.永久的，长期不变的permanently, enduringly, lastingly, constantly108.过时的go out of style, go out of fashion out of date109.抛弃，放弃desert, abandon, quit110.吸引appeal to, captivate, fascinate ,tempt111.因为due to, owing to, thanks to, result from, because of112.巨大的tremendous, immense, huge, gigantic, giant, enormous113.不计其数的countless, incalculable immeasurable, numberless, out of count114.具体的，明确的concrete, specific, particular, definite, special115.逐步的，逐渐的step by step, little by little, bit by bit, gradually116.令人厌倦的boring, dull, monotonous, annoying, irritating117.熟人acquaintance118.伙伴associate, companion119.密友，知己intimate, confidant120.坚持不懈地perseverant, persistent,121.不屈服的unyielding122.坚持的insistent123.有决心的determined, resolute,124.坚决的firm125.教育性的，启发性的instructive, educational, enlightening126.有意义的meaningful, significative127有价值的valuable128.占有，持有，拥有occupy, hold, own, possess129.珍贵的，昂贵的precious, valuable, cherished, treasured, dear, costly, high-priced 130.上升increase, ascend to(追溯到), go up, rise, mount, on the rise, roar131.提前ahead of time, ahead of schedule, beforehand, in advance, prior to132.冷淡的，漠不关心的indifferent, unconcerned, uninterested, chilly(寒冷的) 133.恢复restore, recover, regain(v. 恢复, 重新获得), resume134.杰出的outstanding, excellent, distinguished, remarkable135.强烈的，激烈的keen, intense, fierce, violent, strong (heavy)136.繁荣的，兴旺的prosperous, flourishing, thriving, booming137.富裕的affluent, wealthy, well-off138.壮丽的splendid, magnificent，superb, grand，marvelous，wonderful139.位于be located, be situated, stand, sit, lie140.能力capability, competence, capacity, faculty, talent141.各种各样的a variety of, various, diverse, all kinds of, all sorts of142.显示，反映demonstrate, reflect, manifest, indicate, point to, reveal143.胜过，比……优越have the edge on144.胜过，超过outweigh, exceed, surpass145.空前的，无前例的unprecedented146.突然的，出其不意的abruptly, unexpectedly, suddenly147.罕见的exceptional, unusual, uncommon, rare148.承受，经历undergo, endure, live with ,go through, experience149.（整体）由……组成be made up of, consist of, be composed/comprised of 构成150.毋庸置疑的，确信的unquestionably, indisputably, undeniably, out of question, going without saying, unsurprisingly, undoubtedly, there is no doubt that…definitely 151.娱乐，乐趣entertainment, amusement152.抽象的，深奥的abstract153.复杂的complicated, complex154.费解的mysterious, incomprehensible, obscure, unintelligible 155.混杂的，不清楚地，迷惑的confused, bewildered, perplexed 156.目击witness, observe, view157.遵守abide by, observe, conform to158.违反，侵犯violate, disobey, break159.责备，斥责blame, accuse, denounce, (scold)160.真诚的，衷心的hearty, sincere, frank, (honest)161.寒冷的chilly, wintry, frigid162.有机会stand a chance of , have an opportunity to, have a chance to。

1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。

四六级考试作文五大主题常用词汇1. 优秀品质类
悲观/乐观pessimism / optimism
勤奋diligence n. / diligent adj.
耐心patience n. / patient adj.
尊老爱幼respect the old and care for the young
创新innovation
感谢gratitude/ appreciation
奉献contribution n. / contribute v.
梦想ambition/ dream
节约thrifty adj. / thrift n.
谨慎prudence n. /prudent adj.
逆境setbacks
成功无捷径There is no shortcut to success.
幽默感a sense of humor
沟通communication
身心健康physical and mental health
捐献donation n. / donate v.
爱国主义patriotism n.
自信self-confidence
诚实honesty n. /honest adj.
谦虚modesty n. / modest adj.
2. 校园学习类
珍惜时间cherish time
辍学drop out of school/college
熟能生巧Practice makes perfect.
社会实践social practice
应试教育test-oriented education
学业成就academic achievement
课外活动extracurricular activity
选课take selective courses
3. 科技与现代生活
分享经济sharing economy
共享单车shared bikes
扫码解锁单车scan the QR code
出境游outbound trips/ oversea traveling
海外购物overseas shopping
移动支付mobile payment
高铁high-speed train
市场经济market economy
大众传媒负面影响the negative influence of mass media
一次性塑料袋disposable plastic bags
全球化globalization
一带一路倡议the Belt and Road Initiative
人工智能artificial intelligence
4. 青年成长与家庭
自助者天助之God helps those who help themselves. 充分准备full/ adequate preparation
追求&收获pursuits & rewards
有志者事竟成Where there is a will, there is a way.
适应社会发展adapt to the social development
面试interview n. /v.
助学贷款student loan
正确择业choose the right career
自律self-discipline n. /
自律的self-disciplined adj.
无目标的aimless adj.
5. 社会次热点
改革开放the Reform and Opening-up
老龄社会ageing society
住房housing
医患关系the relationship between doctors and patients 快餐与健康fast food and health
熬夜burn the midnight oil = stay up late
沉溺于网游be addicted to online games
学术造假academic cheating = academic fraud
校园霸凌school bullying。