非谓语动词作状语
非谓语动词做状语

非谓语动词做状语非谓语动词作为状语是指在句子中不能作谓语,但可以做状语的动词形式。
它可以作时间、原因、条件、让步、结果等状语,可以提供句子里的信息,使句子充实而生动。
一、非谓语动词作时间状语1.由过去分词组成的状语过去分词表示过去发生的动作,常用于主句为一般现在时或一般将来时的句子中,作时间状语,突出主句动作应该在过去发生。
如:He left without saying goodbye, leaving me standing there alone.他没有说再见就走了,留下我独自站在那里。
2.由现在分词组成的状语现在分词表示正在进行的动作,常用于主句为一般现在时或一般将来时的句子中,作时间状语,突出主句动作应该正在进行。
如:She comes to visit us every week, bringing us some nice food.她每周都会来看望我们,并带来一些美食。
3.由having done 组成的状语having done 表示过去已经完成的动作,常用于主句为一般现在时或一般将来时的句子中,作时间状语,突出主句动作应该在过去完成的动作之后发生。
如:Having finished the exam, he went home and had a good rest.考试结束之后,他回家好好休息了。
二、非谓语动词作原因状语由because of,due to,owing to,thanks to等引导,接名词或动词不定式,作原因状语,表示主句动作的原因。
如:Because of the heavy rain, we had to cancel our picnic.由于下雨,我们不得不取消野餐了。
三、非谓语动词作条件状语由if,unless,in case,on condition that,provided (that),supposing (that)等引导,接动词不定式,作条件状语,表示“假设”的意思,表示主句动作的前提,即要想主句动作成立,必须满足什么条件。
非谓语动词做状语

二. done/being done/having been done 做状语 主语与非谓语动词之间为被动关系; having been done 发生在主句谓语动词之前
1. Seen from the top of the mountain, the city looks beautiful.
2. Compared with those who lived in the slums, Children here are really lucky.
过去分词可以以下成分:
1.表语 The teacher is moved. 2. 定语 I don’t like the man talked about at the party. 3. 宾补 We heard a song sung in her room. 4. 状语 Lost in a newspaper, She didn’t notice me.
He is too careful not to have noticed that. 他那么小心,肯定会注意到那一点的。 She is too sad not to help crying. 她那么伤心,忍不住哭了。 I am only too glad to help you.我很高兴能帮助你。 I am only never too glad to know you. 认识你我再高兴不过了。
s )
一. 非谓语动词做状语的形式: 二. doing/ having done 三. done/being done/having been done 四. to do/ to be done
五. 二. 做题方法:析句子结构,找逻辑主语, 辩逻辑关系,判动词先后
If I am given more time, I’ ll catch up with you.
高考英语之非谓语动词作状语

高考英语之非谓语动词作状语高考英语的状语在句中主要修饰动词,形容词和句子,非谓语作状语常表:目的,时间,条件,结果,伴随,原因,让步,方式等。
下面为大家作进一步讲解。
1.to do 作状语,常表目的状语,结果状语,原因状语。
(1)表目的,译为“为了“例如:——Iget some money from the bank to buy you a gift.我从银行取了些钱,为了给你买份礼物。
——To be admitted into a key university, he buried himself into study.为了被重点大学录取,他专心致志于学习。
解析:to do 放句首,表强调。
另外:in order to , so as to 也表目的状语。
So as to 不放句首。
(2)表结果,常使用only/just to do, 却…,表意料之外的不良后果。
so/such ……as to do如此……以至于, ……enough to do,足够,too……to太……而不能……结构。
例如:——She is such a lazy girl as not to pass the exam.她是如此懒一个女孩,(以至于)没有及格。
解析:so 用法为So + adj. +a/an +n. 。
such用法为such + a/an +adj.+ n. 。
too 后用法与so相同。
Enough 前常用adj. 和adv. 。
注:n. 表名词。
adj.表形容词。
adv. 表副词。
——She hurried to the station , only to be told the train had left.她匆忙赶到车站,却被告知,火车已经离开了。
解析:only to do ,表意料之外的事,此处told 与she 之间为被动关系。
(3)作原因状语,常用在表情感,态度等形容词后。
例如:happy,surprised ,sorry 等。
非谓语动词作状语

非谓语动词作状语1.动词不定式作状语:1)表示目的--- He came here specially to see you.--- He stopped his car to have a lookat the beautiful scenery.**动词不定式作状语还可放在句首,使其所表示的目的更明显突出。
--- To be a teacher, one must first be a pupil.**另外,in order to, so as to加动词原形,也作目的状态。
in order to可放句首,而so as to不可。
-- In order to learn English well, he works hard.-- He got up early in order to catch the first bus.-- He got up early so as to be here on time.2)表示结果:He lived to see the liberation of China.He woke up only to find he was locked in the room.I went to see him only to find him out.only to do 表示意外结果结果状语常用于以下句型:a. / ad. + enough … to do ; too… to doso + a. / ad. + as to dosuch + n. + as to doEg.The girl was so kind as to help the old man off the bus and support him across the street.I’m not such a fool as to believe that.He is not tall enough to reach the light.We were too excited to sleep that night.**但如果too后为anxious, eager, willing, ready, hungry等,没有否定意味。
非谓语动词作状语

非谓语动词作状语,其逻辑主语须与主句主语保持一致。
若不一致,非谓语动词形式须另带主语,从而构成复合结构的形式作状语。
这种结构称为“独立结构”。
其中,非谓语动词主动用现在分词,被动用过去分词。
非谓语动词及其短语前面带有逻辑主语,逻辑主语的代词又是主格,故常称为“独立主格”。
“独立结构”在句中起状语作用,相当于状语从句,表示时间、原因、条件、方式或伴随等情况。
功能独立主格结构主要用于描绘性文字中,其作用相当于一个状语从句,常用来表示时间、原因、条件、行为方式或伴随情况等。
例如:表示时间The meeting over, all of us went home. 开完会后我们都回家了。
Her work done, she sat down for a cup of tea. 她干完了活,坐下来喝茶。
表示条件The condition being favourable, he may succeed. 若条件有利,他或许能成功。
表示原因There being no taxis, we had to walk. 没有出租车,我们只好步行。
He wrapped her up with great care, the night being dark and frosty. 夜又黑又冷,所以他把她裹得严严实实的。
表示伴随情况Almost all metals are good conductors, silver being the best of all. 几乎所有的金属都是良导体,而银则是最好的导体。
(=Almost all metals are good conductors, and silver is the best of all.)用法独立主格结构主要表示谓语动词发生的时间、原因、条件或伴随情况等,相当于一个状语从句或并列句。
用作时间状语The work done(=After the work had been done), we went home. 工作完成后,我们就回家了。
高中英语语法专题:非谓语动词作状语

高中英语语法专题:非谓语动词作状语非谓语动词作状语 解题步骤1、找到非谓语动词的逻辑主语。
2、看非谓语动词和逻辑主语之间的关系。
如果是主动关系,用现在分词;如果是被动关系,用过去分词。
3、如果非谓语动词是分词,需看分词和谓语动词的先后关系。
如果分词的动作发生在谓语动词之前,要使用分词的完成式。
注:如果分词的逻辑主语不是句子的主语,可以使用状语从句或者独立主格结构。
非谓语动词作状语 考点例题考点1、不定式作目的状语【2018∙全国1】You don’t have to run fast or for long__62 _ (see) the benefit.答案:to see。
句意:要见效果,你不必跑的太快或太久。
不定式作目的状语。
考点2、不定式作结果状语【2015∙全国2】When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough __46 __ (cool) the house during the hotday .答案:to cool。
adj. + to do作结果状语考点3、不定式作原因状语【2012∙全国2】⒖ The old man sat in front of the television every evening, happy ___ anything that happened to be on.A.to watchB.watchingC.watchedD.to have watched答案:A。
adj. + to do不定式作原因状语中,adj.通常表示情绪,不定式表示引起情绪变化的原因。
考点4、现在分词作结果状语【2017天津】14. The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, _____ more patients to be treated.A. being allowedB. allowingC. having allowedD. allowed答案:B。
非谓语动词(作状语)

3. 过去分词
过去分词作状语可表时间、原因、条件、伴 随等。过去分词作状语时,其动作的逻辑主 语与句子主语一致,且为被动关系 Given another hour, I can also work out this problem.(条件状语) Frightened by the noise outside, Sue dared not sleep in her bedroom. (原因 状语) The lady returned home, followed by the detective. (伴随状语)
②结果状语: only to do, so... as to do, …enough to do, too… to do Will you be so kind as to open the window? He arrived at the airport only to find the plane had already taken off.
to have to be been √ √ √ √ √ √ made made √ √ √ √ having been made √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √
现在 分词
动名 词 过去 分词
making
havin being g made made made
1. 不定式
动词不定式可以作下列的状语: ①目的状语: Every morning he gets up very early to read English. 注意:可在不定式前加in order 或so as ,但 应注意in order to位于句首或句中均可,而 so as to不能位于句首,如: She reads China Daily every day in order to (so as to) improve her English.
非谓语动词作状语考点解析

非谓语动词作状语考点解析一、不定式作状语1.作目的状语,可用so as to/in order to替换,但so as to一般不可置于句首,意为“为了;想要”。
例:During the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members often gather together to share a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes.在中秋节期间,家人们通常会聚在一起吃饭、赏月、品尝月饼。
2.作结果状语,常用于下列结构中:only to do(表示意想不到的结果);enough to do(足够做……);too...to do...(太……而不能……);so/such...as to...(如此……以至于……)等。
例:Tom took a taxi to the airport, only to find his plane high up in the sky.汤姆乘出租车去了机场,结果发现他要乘坐的飞机已飞入高空。
3.作原因状语,常用在“主语+系动词+形容词+to do”结构中。
这类形容词有easy, difficult, hard, cheap, expensive, fit, comfortable, heavy, good, important, impossible, dangerous, surprised, astonished, delighted, disappointed 等。
例:This machine is very easy to operate. Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes.这台机器很容易操作。
只需几分钟,任何人都能学会使用它。
注意:语法填空和短文改错中常考查“主语+be+形容词+不定式”结构,句子的主语和不定式构成逻辑上的动宾关系,且此时不定式通常用主动形式表示被动意义。
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注意:
非谓语动词作状语时,前面没有名词,但他 们的逻辑主语就是句子主语!→这个灰常重 要! 如果不是句子主语,需在非谓动前加上它自 己的主语。(独立主格结构)→这个不太重 要=。=
再注意:易考到的被动表示主动的非谓语动 词作状语。
一、作用:表示时间、原因、方式、条件、 结果、目的等。 二、含义: doing:主动,进行; done:被动,完成; to do:主动,将来。 三、位置 灵活,句首、句中、句末均可。 分词作状语常搭配逗号。
1. He walked down the hill, singing gently to himself. 2. Seen from the hilltop, the river looks like a beautiful blue ribbon. 3. To finish the task in time, we have to work together day and night.
总的来说,当状语从句的主语和主句主语相 同时,可以用非谓语动词作状语,便可以 省略一个主语了。 例: 被周亮帮助,我在英语方面进步了很多。 Helped by Zhou Liang, I do much better in English learning.
Practice
用非谓语动词作状语翻译下列句子。 1、从山顶看,这座公园看上去更加让人印象 深刻。 2、如果给我更多的时间,我会把工作做得更 好。 3、尽管再次被打败了,但这个科学家并不放 弃。题,所有的老师都来帮助 我。
三、位置: 紧挨着所修饰的名词。
Fill the Blanks
1. The next thing he saw is the smoke rising __________ (rise) from the house. built 2. The house ___________ (build) by my father was ruined by the fire. to be published 3. His first book _______________ (publish) next week is based on a true story.
四、非谓语动词作定语可改为定语从句。
The house built by my father was ruined by the fire.
改为定语从句:
The house that/which was built by my father was ruined by the fire.
非谓语动词作状语
非谓语动词作状语
2015.10.21
Review---非谓语动词作定语
一、作用: 修饰名词 二、含义: 主动,进行 现在分词 doing,表示_______________; 被动,完成 过去分词 done,表示________________;
不定式 to do,表示__________________ 。 主动,将来
seated in… 坐在… dressed in… 穿着… lost in … 迷失在… faced with..面对…
前面加be 均可构成谓语短语
四、非谓语动词作状语可改为状语从句。
Seen from the hilltop, the river looks like a beautiful blue ribbon. 改成状语从句: When/If the river is seen from the hilltop, it looks like a beautiful blue ribbon.