高中英语语法非谓语动词专项讲解

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非谓语动词讲解(超全)

非谓语动词讲解(超全)

非谓语动词讲解(超全)非谓语动词是指动词的非限定形式,不可以独立作谓语。

它可以由动词原形、现在分词和过去分词构成,常见的形式有不定式、动名词和分词。

一、不定式:不定式是动词的一种非限定形式,常常在句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语。

它的构成方式为"to + 动词原形"。

例句:1. To learn a foreign language is not easy.(作主语)2. She wants to go shopping.(作宾语)3. The best way to learn English well is to practice every day.(作表语)4. He has a lot of work to finish.(作定语)不定式也具有进行时态、完成时态和被动语态的形式:进行时态:to be + 动词的现在分词完成时态:to have + 动词的过去分词被动语态:to be + 动词过去分词例句:1. He seems to be sleeping.(不定式进行时态)2. You should have told me earlier.(不定式完成时态)3. The car needs to be repaired.(不定式被动语态)二、动名词:动名词是指动词的-ing形式,它可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语或状语。

在句中的位置和用法与名词相似。

例句:1. Reading is my favorite hobby.(作主语)2. I enjoy swimming in the summer.(作宾语)3. Her dream is becoming a famous singer.(作表语)4. The girl standing over there is my sister.(作定语)5. He went to the party without saying goodbye.(作状语)动名词与不定式的区别在于动名词具有进行时态和被动语态,而不定式没有。

高考英语语法完全讲解非谓语动词优质PPT课件

高考英语语法完全讲解非谓语动词优质PPT课件
He got well prepared for the job interview, for he couldn’t risk losing the good opportunities.
NO.3 非谓语动词作表语
①不定式作表语 What I can do is to five you some reasonable advice. ②动名词作表语 His job is teaching. ③分词作表语 The film is interesting.
He had no money and no place to live (in).
NO.2 分词作定语
① 及物动词的分词形式作定语
形式
意义
现在分词 (doing)
被修饰的名词与分词之间构成主动关系
过去分词(done) 被修饰的名词与分词之间构成被动关系且已完成
being+过去分词
被修饰的名词与分词之间构成被动关系且表示正在进 行
NO.2 非谓语动词作宾语
① 大多数动词后接不定式作宾语,常见的有:decide, learn, want, expect, hope, wish, refuse, manage, pretend, offer, promise, choose, agree, plan, afford等。
She pretended not to see me when I passed by.
Encouraged by his parents, he still has no confidence in overcoming the difficulties.(让步) Given five more minutes, I will complete the task.(条件) The kids lay on the grass, staring at the blue sky.(伴随)

高中英语语法非谓语动词讲解

高中英语语法非谓语动词讲解

高中英语语法非谓语动词讲解非谓语动词是英语中的一种特殊动词形式,它们可以在句子中作名词、形容词或副词的作用。

高中英语语法中,非谓语动词主要分为不定式、动名词和分词三种形式。

1. 不定式不定式由“to + 动词原形”构成,如:to go、to study。

不定式在句子中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语或状语。

1.1 作主语不定式作主语时,句子用“it + be + 不定式”结构,如:It is important to learn English well.1.2 作宾语不定式作宾语时,常跟在及物动词后面,如:I want to play soccer.1.3 作表语1.4 作定语不定式作定语时,修饰名词或代词,如:a book to read.1.5 作状语不定式作状语时,表示目的、结果、原因等,如:He came here to see his friend.2. 动名词动名词是由动词加-ing构成的名词,如:playing、studying。

动名词在句子中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语或状语。

2.1 作主语动名词作主语时,常用单数形式,如:Swimming is good for health.2.2 作宾语动名词作宾语时,常跟在及物动词后面,如:I enjoy playing basketball.2.3 作表语动名词作表语时,句子用“主语 + be + 动名词”结构,如:His hobby is swimming.2.4 作定语2.5 作状语动名词作状语时,表示方式、时间、原因等,如:He made money by working hard.3. 分词分词是由动词的变化形式构成的形容词,常分为现在分词和过去分词两种形式。

分词在句子中可以作定语、表语或状语。

3.1 现在分词作定语现在分词作定语时,修饰名词或代词,如:a crying baby.3.2 过去分词作定语过去分词作定语时,修饰名词或代词,如:a broken window.3.3 分词作表语分词作表语时,句子用“主语 + be + 分词”结构,如:He is tired.3.4 分词作状语分词作状语时,表示时间、原因、条件等,如:Walking slowly, he reached the destination.以上是高中英语语法非谓语动词的讲解,希望对你有所帮助。

高中英语高考复习非谓语动词知识讲解

高中英语高考复习非谓语动词知识讲解

高考英语非谓语动词知识讲解一、概念非谓语动词,又叫非限定动词,非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词,主要包括不定式、动名词和分词(现在分词和过去分词),即动词的非谓语形式。

非谓语动词除了不能独立作谓语外,可以承担句子的其他成分。

从这个定义来看,简单来说,非谓语动词就是不是谓语的动词。

这听起来像是废话,但是我们必须有明确什么是谓语动词,在前面,我们已经说清楚了。

句子只能有一个谓语动词,那么其余的动词都是非谓语动词。

谓语动词就好比皇帝,非谓语动词,就相当于他身边的奴才。

这么一说,我们就很好理解了。

一般来说,非谓语动词通常有以下三种形式:二、三种形式(一)动名词(doing)动名词指的是动词ing形式的一种,兼有动词和名词特征的非限定动词(即非谓语动词)。

它可以支配宾语,也能被副词修饰,动名词有时态和语态的变化。

动名词具有名词的性质,因此在句中可以充当主语、表语、宾语、定语,但是不能充当状语。

从上面的定义中,我们可以很清楚知道动名词,顾名思义就是兼有动词和名词两种词性的作用。

在小学和中学的课程中,我们学习动名词做主语这个语法现象比较普遍。

大部分人也是从这个时候开始知道有动名词这个概念。

那么动名词究竟是动词,还是名词?前面已经说过,它是非谓语动词的一种形式,只不过他有动词和名词两种词性的作用。

故它是动词。

那么他竟然是动词自然有动词的性质,而且它可以充当名词有名词的作用,那么名词的作用,它也都有,它可以在句子中充当主语、表语、宾语和定语。

也就是名词能干的事,它也能干。

(二)不定式(to do)动词不定式,为非谓语动词。

在英语语法中,动词不定式是指动词中的一种不带词形变化从而不指示人称、数量、时态的一种形式。

它之所以被称做不定式,是因为动词不被限定,或者说不被词性变化所局限。

不定式属于非谓语动词形式。

根据国外和国内语法学家的研究,所谓不定式,其作用就是相当于情态动词加动词原形的形式。

为什么要这样说呢?因为他们都有相同的特征,以下:第一,原形can/may/could/would do sth.= to do sth.第二,都可表示不确定语气。

高中英语语法非谓语动词详细讲解课件

高中英语语法非谓语动词详细讲解课件
I'm looking forword to your coming next time. He is fond of watching sports games. Once you want to do something, you must get down to doing it well. There is no sense in worrying about the past.
Getting up early is good habit.
To get up early this morning made me sleepy.
②动名词短语作主语时,常将一些较长的动名词短语置于句尾, 而用it 作形式主语,常用句型有:
no use/good uesful/useless It is/was+ of little use/good +doing sth. a waste of time worth It's no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收。 It's waste of time arguing with such a person. It's worth making an appointment before you go.
4. 动名词作定语
动名词作定语的情况并不普遍,一般只限于单个的动名词作名词
的定语,表示所修饰名词的用途或功能,在意义上相当于“名词
+for+ doing”。
swimming pool 游泳池
reading material 阅读材料
walking stick 手杖
opening speech 开幕词
2. 动名词作宾语

高中英语语法非谓语动词讲解

高中英语语法非谓语动词讲解

⾼中英语语法⾮谓语动词讲解⾮谓语动词●概述⾮谓语动词,主要指在主句中表⽰⼀个动作但不能充当谓语,⽽是充当其他语法功能的词。

⾮谓语动词没有⼈称和数的变化,但是有语态和时态的变化。

●⾮谓语动词的三种形式⾮谓语动词有三种:动词不定式、动名词和分词。

这三个基本形式的基础上会有⼀些变化:1.动词不定式2.动名词3.分词●动词不定式的⽤法1.动词不定式的否定式not toShe decided not to be late again.2.动词不定式的完成式完成式表⽰的动作或状态发⽣在位于动词表⽰的动作或状态之前。

I am sorry to have kept you waiting.注意若谓语为表⽰“愿望、打算、意图”的动词时,如hope, think, want, plan, expect, mean, intend等,其后可以跟不定式的完成式表⽰“本来想要或打算做某事,⽽实际上未能实现”。

如:We meant to have stopped him from doing such a thing.征,则构成不定式符合结构的介词应为of前⾯常⽤的形容词有:kind, nice, foolish, silly, stupid, rude, cruel, wise, clever, brace, selfish, crazy, good, careful, careless, impolite, right, wrong等。

It is very kind of you to help me.区别It is important for us to learn English well.4.在某些动词后,可⽤it做形式宾语,然后加宾语补⾜语,最后加不定式作真正的并于。

常见的动词有find, think consider, feel, make等。

They find it difficult to repay the money.5.动词+不定式作宾补ask, want, invite, get, force, expect, allow, persuade, order, warn, remind order, cause, permit, forbid, advise, teach等。

非谓语动词讲解高中

非谓语动词讲解高中

非谓语动词讲解高中非谓语动词是指在句子中作动词的用法,而不是表示谓语动作或状态的主要成分。

非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动名词和分词。

在高中英语中,非谓语动词经常用于句子的修饰、独立主语和补语等的结构。

下面将对非谓语动词进行详细的讲解和提供相关的参考内容。

一、动词不定式(infinitive)动词不定式是动词的一种非谓语形式,常用于句子中作主语、表语、宾语、状语和补足语等。

动词不定式的基本形式是“to+ 动词原形”,它具有名词、形容词和副词的特点。

1. 作主语- It's difficult to learn a new language.(学习一门新语言是困难的。

)2. 作宾语- I want to go to the movies.(我想去看电影。

)3. 作表语- Her dream is to become a doctor.(她的梦想是成为一名医生。

)4. 作状语- She studies hard to improve her grades.(她努力学习以提高自己的成绩。

)5. 作补语- He made me laugh.(他让我笑了。

)二、动名词(gerund)动名词是动词的一种非谓语形式,常用于句子中作主语、宾语、表语和状语等。

动名词的基本形式是动词+ing形式,它具有名词的特点,可以在句子中起到名词的作用。

1. 作主语- Swimming is good exercise.(游泳是很好的运动。

)2. 作宾语- I enjoy reading novels.(我喜欢读小说。

)3. 作表语- His favorite activity is playing basketball.(他最喜欢的活动是打篮球。

)4. 作状语- She learned English by watching American movies.(她通过看美国电影学习英语。

)三、分词(participle)分词是动词的一种非谓语形式,常用于句子中作定语、状语和表语等。

非谓语动词高考英语专题讲解_

非谓语动词高考英语专题讲解_

非谓语动词1.非谓语动词的语法功能(注:常见作独立成分的非谓语动词)to tell you the truth(实话说),needless to say(不用说),to be honest/frank(老实说,坦白说),to be more exact(更确切地说),to make things worse (更糟的是),not to mention…(更不用说),Generally / Frankly / Roughly speaking (一般说来 / 坦白说 / 粗略地说)(一)辨别谓语与非谓语(特别注意分析句子的结构才能辨别谓语与非谓语。

)①The traffic rule says young children under the age of four and __ less than 40 poundsmust be in a child safety seat.A. being weighedB. weighsC. weighedD. weighing②______ blood if you can and many lives will be saved.A. GivingB. GiveC. GivenD. To give(二)非谓语作主语、宾语的重点1.it充当动词不定式的形式主语或形式宾语①It is important for us to learn English very well.②I think it important for us to learn English very well.it作形式主语使用动名词的句型①It is no use/no good/useless+doing sth.Eg:It is no use crying.②It is fun(a great pleasure, a waste of time)Eg:It is a waste of time trying to explain.2.用不定式还是用动名词作宾语有特殊规定①I don’t want ____ like I’m speaking ill of anybody, but the manager’s plan is unfair.A. to soundB. to be soundedC. soundingD. to have sounded类似的知识点要记牢。

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非谓语动词一:基本形态及表达作用1.一般式不定式(to)+ do说明行为在谓语动词所表示的行为之后,多数是那些表愿望的词:want; hope; expect; wish 等。

I want to go home. I hope to see you.说明行为与谓语动词表示的行为同时发生,多数是那些省略不定式符号的词,一般是复合宾语。

I saw him come in.He helped him (to) carry things.2.一般式动名词 V-ing表示动作与谓语动词表示的动作同时发出。

We enjoyed seeing the film. I am thinking of taking over the job.在动词insist on; rely on; count on(相信)等后表示动作在谓语动词表示的动作之后发生。

He insisted on doing that work在有些明确表示时间先后的动词和介词on; upon after代替完成动名词表示的动作在谓语动词表示的动作先发生。

I remember seeing him before. On arriving Beijing, he went to see his friend.3.一般式分词现在分词 v+ing3.1.1持续性动词说明分词表示的动作和句中谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。

He stood there speaking. Holding a book under his arm, he entered the room.3.1.2终止性动词说明分词表示的动作发生之后,句中谓语动词表示的动作立刻发生。

Entering the room, I found nobody in.Turning to the right, you will find the post office.过去分词3.2.1通常说明分词表示的动作,此句中谓语动词表示的动作先发生。

Written in simple English, the book is easy to read.I can't find my lost pen.3.2.2说明分词表示的动作和句中谓语动词表示的动作并无先后。

He is a personwell-known in this country.3.2.3代替完成式现在分词的被动语态。

Educated by the party, he became a brave fighter.4.完成式不定式 to+have done说明行为动词在谓语动词表示的行为动词之前发生。

I'm sorry to have troubled you. He is said to have come here.He is thought to have done it.He is believed to have done it.He seemed to have known it.在wish, hope, expect, intend, mean, suppose等动词过去时后,说明行为动词没有实现。

We wished to have done this.I expected to have left by then.(=I had expected to heave by then.)5.完成式动名词 having+done说明动名词表示的动作,此句中动词表示的动作先发生。

We regret having told you the news.After having finished his work, he went home.He denied having broke the glasses.6.完成式分词 having+done说明分词表示的动作,此句中谓语动词表示的动作先发生。

多数表示一些瞬时间动词。

如果是hear; see或表示位置转移的动词arrive; leave; turn; open.不用完成时 Having finished his work, he went home.Sitting down with him, we begun to discuss it.Hearing this, he rose and went to the door.二:非谓语动词用法对比(一)不定式与动名词做主语:1、动名词做主语往往表示普通的、一般的行为,不定式做主语常表示某次具体的行为。

例如:Collecting information about children’s health is his job. 收集有关儿童健康的信息是他的工作。

It’s ne cessary to discuss the problem with an experienced teacher. 与一位有经验的老师讨论这个问题是有必要的。

2、常用不定式做主语的句型有:It’s difficult (important, necessary) for sb. to doIt’s kind (good, friendly, polite, careless, rude, cruel, clever, foolish, brave) of sb. to do.3、常用动名词做主语的句型有:It’s no good (use, fun) doing.It’s (a) waste of time one’s doing.It’s worth while doing.(二)不定式、动名词、分词做表语:1、不定式做表语常表示谓语动词所表示动作之后发生的动作。

His teaching aim of this class is to train the students’ speaking ability. 他这节课的教学目的是要训练学生说的能力。

2、动名词做表语是对主语内容的解释,这时主语与表语位置可以互换,动名词常用于口语中。

Its full-time job is laying eggs. 它的(指蚁后)的专职工作是产卵。

3、现在分词做表语表示主语的性质与特征;进行时表示正在进行的动作。

The task of this class is practising the idioms. (现在分词做表语)With the help of the teacher, the students are practising the idioms. (现在进行时)4、常用作表语的现在分词有:interesting, amusing, disappointing, missing, puzzling, exciting, inspiring, following等。

现在分词表示进行与主动。

The joke is amusing .这笑话很逗人。

The problem is puzzling. 这个问题令人不解。

5、过去分词作表语表示主语所处的被动状态或完成某动作的状态。

而被动语态表示主语所承受的动作。

The village is surrounded by high mountains.(过去分词做表语)The enemy was surrounded by the Red Army.(被动语态)He is well educated.(过去分词做表语)He has been educated in this college for three years.(被动语态)常用在句中做表语的过去分词有:used, closed, covered, interested, followed, satisfied, surrounded, done, lost, decided, prepared, saved, shut, won, completed, crowded, dressed, wasted, broken, married, unexpected等。

6、注意如下动词的现在分词与过去分词用法不同:interest(使…感兴趣),surprise(使…吃惊),frighten(使…害怕),excite(使…兴奋),tire(使…疲劳),please(使…满意),puzzle(使…迷惑不解),satisfy(使…满意),amuse(使…娱乐),disappoint(使…失望),inspire(使…欢欣鼓舞),worry (使…忧虑)它们的现在分词常修饰物(有时修饰人),表示主动,过去分词常修饰人,表示被动(包括某人的look、voice等)。

例如:Climbing is tiring. 爬山很累人。

They are very tired. 他们很疲劳After hearing the exciting news, he gave a speech in an excited voice.(三) 不定式与动名词做宾语:1、下列动词跟不定式做宾语:want, wish, hope, expect, ask, pretend, care, decide, happen, long, offer, refuse, fail, plan, prepare, order, cause, afford, beg, manage, agree, promise等。

2、在下列动词或动词短语后用动名词做宾语:enjoy, finish, suggest, avoid, excuse, delay, imagine, keep, miss, appreciate, be busy, be worth, feel like, can’t stand, can’t help, think of, dream of, be fond of, prevent…(from), keep…from, stop…(from), protect…from, set about, be engaged in, spend…(in), su cceed in, be used to, look forward to, object to, pay attention to, insist on等。

3、在forget, remember, stop, regret, try, mean等动词后跟不定式与动名词意义不同,不定式表示谓语动词之后的动作,而动名词表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前,常用一般式doing代替完成式having done.He forgot to tell me to post the letter.(他忘了叫我发信。

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