科技英语翻译总复习题版分析解析
科技英语翻译复习重点(1)
科技英语翻译复习重点（英译汉篇）一、词语意思翻译1.A fastener is a hardware device that mechanically joins or affixes two or more objects together.（直译法）紧固件是指将两个或多个物体通过机械方法固定在一起的硬件装置。
2.Machinery design is either to formulate an engineering plan for the satisfaction ofa specified need or to solve an engineering problem.（直译法）机械设计的目的是为满足特定需求而绘制工程图纸或解决工程问题。
3.In the1970s,integrated circuit technology and the subsequent creation of microprocessors futher decreased size and cost and further increased speed and reliability of computers.（增词法）20世纪70年代，集成电路技术的发展和后续的微处理器的发明进一步缩小了计算机的尺寸，降低了价格，同时加快了运行速度，提高了可靠性。
4.A power reactor has no need of oil,for the heat generated in the uranium pile is the result of nuclear fission,not of combustion.（增词法）原子动力反应堆不需要油，因为铀堆中所产生的热是核裂变的结果，而不是燃烧的结果。
5.The elementary mechanical components of a machine are termed machine elements.These elements consist of three basic types:structural components, mechanisms,and control components.（省略法）机器的基本机械构件称为机械零件，包括三种基本类型，即：结构构件、机械构件和控制构件。
科技英语翻译与写作分析解析共49页PPT
56、书不仅是生活，而且是现在、过 去和未 来文化 生活的 源泉。 ——库 法耶夫 57、生命不可能有两次，但许多人连一 次也不 善于度 过。— —吕凯 特 58、问渠哪得清如许，为有源头活水来 。—— 朱熹 59、我的努力求学没有得到别的好处， 只不过 是愈来 愈发觉 自己的 无知。 ——笛 卡儿
拉
60、生活的道路一旦选定，就要勇敢地语翻译与写作分析解析
16、人民应该为法律而战斗，就像为 了城墙 而战斗 一样。 ——赫 拉克利 特 17、人类对于不公正的行为加以指责 ，并非 因为他 们愿意 做出这 种行为 ，而是 惟恐自 己会成 为这种 行为的 牺牲者 。—— 柏拉图 18、制定法律法令，就是为了不让强 者做什 么事都 横行霸 道。— —奥维 德 19、法律是社会的习惯和思想的结晶 。—— 托·伍·威尔逊 20、人们嘴上挂着的法律，其真实含 义是财 富。— —爱献 生
科技英语翻译(第三章第一、二节)分析解析
• run： • 5) A trial run is needed before the machine is put into operation. • 在机器投入运行前，要先进行试车。(名词， 作“操作, 运转期”解．) • 6) An intricate network of the computer system runs this modem petroleum factory． • 电子计算机系统的复杂网络管理着这个现代 化的炼油厂。(动词，作．经营，管理”解。) • 7) They are loading the run goods into the hold． • 走私物品
Other examples
• 4) The cow are dry． • 这些母牛缺奶。 • 5) He gave us a dry lecture yesterday． • 枯燥无味的讲演 • 6) I am sure what he presented was a dry fact． • 铁一般的事实
同词不同词性
• go的几种特殊用法
• • • • • • • 1)Here is a pretty go! 这件事真难办。(difficult affairs) 2)He is itching to have a go at it． 他跃跃欲试。(try) 3)The old man is still full of go． 这位老人仍然精力充沛。（energy） 4) These brightly colored stockings are all the go this summer． • 这些颜色鲜明的袜子今夏很流行。(fashion）
charge 的其他用法
• 5) The powder in place，he rammed in a long iron rod to tamp down the charge． • 火药装好后，他伸进去一根长铁钎以便 把炸药捣实。 • 6) His store will charge things you buy， and let you pay for them later． • 把东西记入帐内 • 7)Having charged the battery，he set the engine in motion． • 给电池充电
科技英语课文翻译及答案课后答案和译文
科技英语考试题型与分值Part I Match the words with their definition. Fill the number of the word in the bracket. (5%) 10个小题，每题0.5分。
Part II Translate English phrases to Chinese or Chinese ones to English.(30%)30个小题，每题1分。
1-20英译汉，21-30汉译英。
Part III. Translate the following sentences. (40%)10个句子，每个句子4分。
1-5英译汉，6-10汉译英。
Part IV. Reading comprehension (25%)A. Answer the following questions according to the articles in the textbook.(15%)5个问题，每题3分。
B．Choose the best answer from the four choices given. (10%)5个选择题，每题2分。
Unit 1 练习答案及课文译文Part 2 Reading AI1 F2 T3F 4T5T 6.F 7.T 8.T 9.F 10.TII1. Reducing the time and cost of product development and production.2. The product cycle is composed of two main processes：the design process and the manufacturing process．3. The activities involved in the design process can be classified largely as two types：synthesis and analysis．4. Rapid prototyping is becoming popular because this technology enables the construction of a prototype by deposition layers from the bottom to the top．5. This includes the preparation of drawings，reports，and bills of materials.III1.d2.e3.b4.j5.i6.c7.f8.h9.g 10.aIV1.处理速度2.用户友好的交互图形3. 产品周期4. 设计规格5. 设计评价6.CAD7.CAM8.CAE9.design process 10.production processV1. 除非能以较低的价格提供更好的质量及更短的交货时间提供新产品，否则任何企业都无法在当今的国际竞争中立足。
科技英语翻译题库
I. 专有名词翻译（1）Hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD) 手足口病（2）OTC over the counter drug 非处方药（3）deductive reasoning 演绎推理II. 概念判断（1）科技文体崇尚严谨周密，概念准确，逻辑性强，行文简练，重点突出，句式严整，富有变化 F解析：翻译标准。
将富有变化改为少有变化。
（2）科技英语具有专业化的性质。
同一个英语单词在不同专业领域中，它所代表的含义会千差万别。
T解析：（3）常常见到的“n times+形容词/副词比较级+than"这个句型,常被译为“比……(大、高、重、多)n倍”。
解析：“n times+形容词/副词比较级+than"这个句型,其正确的理解为“比……(大、高、重、多)n-1倍”。
（3）科技英语翻译方法有增译法、减译法、转译法（4）摘要一般包含研究目的、研究内容和方法、研究结果、总结或建议，均需要用一般过去时表达。
F解析：研究目的用过去时，如果指本文目的用一般过去时，研究内容和方法用过去时，研究结果一般过去时或现在完成时，也可一般现在时，总结或建议一般现在时。
III. 选择最恰当的翻译1.英译汉(1) 1. A material object cannot have a speed greater than the speed of light. BA. 一个物体不会有一个大于光速的速度。
(直译)B. 一个物体的速度不可能超过光速。
(意译-调整顺序) 解析：科技英语翻译应保证语句通顺解析：准确规范2.汉译英IV. 修改译文1.英译汉（1）Copper, which is used widely for carrying electricity, offers very little resistance(电阻).译文1:铜广泛用于传输电能，电阻小。
答案:铜的电阻很小，所以广泛用于传输电能。
科技英语翻译翻译实例及分析
科技英语翻译翻译实例及分析科技英语标题中翻英：一．语言精练，结构紧凑。
1.深部煤巷锚杆支护技术的研究与实践Research and Practice of Bolting Support Technology in Deep Coal Roadways.“......的研究与实践”论文标题的特征是精炼的语言,概括性强,没有任何的修饰词汇,准确地表达论文所涵盖的内容和研究的方向。
在翻译的过程里,也要运用最精炼的结构,才能符合原著简洁明了的风格。
2. 无约束物体动力学普适方程的变分导出Derivation of a Universal Equation for Unrestrained Bodies with Calculus of Variations.首位的”Derivation”为中心词,与原文一致;由介词”of “”for” “with “引出的短语后置,层层限定,结构紧凑,关系明了。
3. 粗晶材料缺陷的超声信号及其小波包分析Ultrasonic Signal of Defects in A Coarse-grained Material and Its Wavelet Package Analysis.翻译前必须仔细分析、准确理解中文标题,找出中心词及其修饰、限定语,理清关系。
通常,中心词出现在末尾,修饰语居其前,有时有外在标志“的”。
翻译时中心词及逻辑关系不得改变,语序则要做适当调整。
英文中修饰、限定语的位置灵活,既可在中心词之前或也可在它之后,一般有外在形式(如介词)表示其关系,所以还要考虑搭配问题。
4.汽车车轮动平衡研究Research on the Dynamic Balance of Motorcar Wheel.中文标题里过去常用的“试论”“浅谈”“体会”等表谦虚的字眼现在不太常见了,取而代之的是体现实质性内容的表达。
但有的仍免不了贯以空泛的“……的研究”,此时,标题若较长,三字可省略不译;若不长,则可照译,以便回译过来查找原文。
科技英语翻译课后题答案
科技英语翻译1.1 翻译的标准第1节翻译练习1 The power plant is the heart of a ship. The power unit for driving the machines is a 50-hp induction motor. 动力装置是船舶的心脏。
驱动这些机器的动力装置是一台50马力的感应电动机。
第1节翻译练习2 Semiconductor devices, called transistors, are replacing tubes in many applications. Cramped conditions means that passengers’legs cannot move around freely. All bodies are known to possess weight and occupy space. 半导体装置也称为晶体管我们知道体都有重量并占据空间。
空间狭窄第1节翻译练习3 The removal of minerals from water is called softening. A typical foliage leaf of a plant belonging to the dicotyledons is composed of two principal parts: blade and petiole. 去除水中的矿物质叫做软化。
双子叶植物典型的营养叶由两个主要部分组成 1.2 对译者的要求第4节翻译练习1 Einstein’s relativity theory is the only one which can explain such phenomena. All four (outer planets) probably have cores of metals, silicates, and water. 爱因斯坦的相对论是能解释这种现象的唯一理论。
科技英语翻译课后练习答案
3. The apparent change in size of the sun is caused 太by阳d的u大st小in看t起he来a有ir变n化ea，r 这th是e 由ho于riz靠o近n.地平线的空气中
有尘粒而引起的。（分译）
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4. These fragments of rock and iron range from thousand kilometers in diameter to less than one.
爱因斯坦的相对论是能解释这种现象的唯一理论。（直译）
2. All four (outer planets) probably have cores of metals, silicates, and water.
这四颗外层行星的内核可能都由金属、硅酸盐和水构成。 （意译）
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3. The designer must have access to stock lists of the materials he employs.
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第4节 翻译练习2
1. The most important of the factors affecting plant growth is that it requires the supply of water.
植物生长的各因素中最重要的是水的供应。（合译）
2. The doctor analyzed the blood sample for 医an生e对m血ia.样作了分析，看是不是贫血症。（分译）
第4章 代词的翻译 1、代词的一般译法 2、人称代词的译法 3、形容词性物主代词的译法 4、指示代词的译法 5、不定代词的译法 6、it及其句型的译法 7、总复习题
高中英语科技论文翻译练习题40题
高中英语科技论文翻译练习题40题1. “The force of gravity acts on all objects on Earth.”翻译成中文。
答案：重力作用于地球上的所有物体。
解析：重点词汇“force”意为“力”，“gravity”意为“重力”。
翻译技巧是直译，语法点是一般现在时，主语是“force of gravity”，谓语动词是“acts on”。
2. “Newton's laws of motion explain the behavior of objects in motion.”翻译成中文。
答案：牛顿运动定律解释了运动物体的行为。
解析：重点词汇“Newton's laws”意为“牛顿定律”，“motion”意为“运动”。
翻译技巧是直译，语法点是一般现在时，主语是“Newton's laws of motion”，谓语动词是“explain”。
3. “The speed of light is a fundamental constant in physics.”翻译成中文。
答案：光速是物理学中的一个基本常数。
解析：重点词汇“speed”意为“速度”，“fundamental”意为“基本的”，“constant”意为“常数”。
翻译技巧是直译，语法点是一般现在时，主语是“speed of light”，谓语动词是“is”。
4. “Electromagnetic waves can travel through a vacuum.”翻译成中文。
答案：电磁波可以在真空中传播。
解析：重点词汇“electromagnetic waves”意为“电磁波”，“vacuum”意为“真空”。
翻译技巧是直译，语法点是一般现在时，主语是“electromagnetic waves”，谓语动词是“can travel”。
5. “The law of conservation of energy states that energy cannot be created or destroyed.”翻译成中文。
科技英语复习week15-16---ESTTestSample-Revision分析解析
I.Decide whether the following statements are True or False:(1 point for each)1.F Much of the world’s electricity nowadays is produced from the use ofrenewable resources.2.F According to the Faraday’s law, action and reaction are opposite andequal.3.T In convention, alternating current is usually supplied to people’s housesat 50 cycles per second.4.T Dinosaurs may have become extinct because their brains were not proportional to their brawn.5.F Mankind has always doubted what Tennyson calls “the usefu l trouble ofthe rain.6.T Modern computers are sometimes classified into generations, witheach generation characterized with some important technology.7.F Water pollution may affect humans directly, causing a smarting of theeyes or coughing.8.T The Internet can also be used to transfer telephone calls using anapplication known as IP-telephony.9.F The term, civil engineering, was first used in the U.S.A. to distinguish thenewly profession military engineering, until then preeminent.10.T As late as the 1760s, the radial boulevards in Paris had military as wellas aesthetic purposes.11.T Urban planners in the 17th-century Europe also introduced parks andplaygrounds in congested city neighborhoods, providing places for recreation, and for visual relief.12.F Action and reaction are opposite and equal. Sound travels through theair in waves. Soft layers of ice moulded the lakes and hills of Europe and North America millions of years ago.13.F Civil engineering can be divided into three broad categories, which maybe described as consulting, contracting and governmental engineering.14.T Although essentially a practical profession, civil engineering is foundedon applied science.15.T A tunnel is a passage, or a gallery, or a roadway beneath the ground orunderwater.16.T Electric power systems refers to all components that transform othertype of energy into electrical energy and transmit this energy to a consumer.17.F Electricity is a phenomenon produced by the elementary particle, whichbelongs to a fundamental property of matter.18.F In comparison with both mechanics and optics, the science of electricityand magnetism were slow to develop since 1700.19.F Urban management may be described as a social movement, as abusiness function, or as a technical profession. There are lots of examples from human’s earliest times of efforts to plan city development.20.F Around the 18th century, the city planning concepts of the EuropeanRenaissance were transplanted to the New World.21.F Thunder is the loud noise followed by a flash of light.If you light amatch on an airplane, no wind will blow it out.22.T Historically, mechanics was among the first of the exact sciences to bedeveloped. It is concerned with the motion of bodies under the action of forces, including the special case in which a body remains at rest.23.T The three quantities of bodies—the total energy, (linear) momentum,and angular momentum in the universe are conserved.24.F Although England and Scotland were important centers ofmathematical research in the early 17th century, with Maclaurin’s death in 1746, the British flame was all but extinguished.25.T The central concepts in classical mechanics are force, mass and motion.26.F Art is the use of skill and imagination in the creation of aesthetic objects,environments, or experiences that are not to be shared with others.27.T Carbon is the most important element, and for this reason all steels areclassified according to carbon content.28.T Input devices, such as a keyboard or mouse, permit the computer user tocommunicate with the computer.29.F The development of electricity as a source of power started earlier thansteam power late in the 20th century.30.T Art conservation and restoration are actions taken to examine, preserve,and restore to their original conditions of objects of historic and artistic merits.31.F Only certain drugs alter the body’s chemistry.32.T A significant danger of heroin is that it is so addictive.33.F Even an overdose of amphetamines will probably not be fatal.34.T Barbiturates are particularly dangerous when taken with alcohol.35.F Scientists can predict with reasonable accuracy the effects of LSD onthe user.36.F Although many scientists studied motion，Newton was the first.37.T Acceleration is proportional to mass. Any change in motion is producedby a force.38.T A rocket functions on the principle of action and reaction. Newton’s ideasinfluenced world thinking in fields other than science.39.F Galileo’s ideas were based on Newton’s work.40.T Noise pollution is one form of pollution that is characteristic ofindustrial societies is noise.II. Translate the following terms into English: (30%, 3 points for each)1. 载人飞行manned flight，角动量angular momentum；相对力学relativistic mechanics2. 马蹄形磁铁horseshoe magnet；土木工程civil engineering；运动学kinematics ；动力学kinetics3. 数据库管理database management；弹出式广告pop-up ads；命令和指令commands & instructions系统总线bus4. 物种起源The Origin of Species；超声波supersonic/ ultrasonic / hypersonic；寄存器register5. 装饰艺术art deco；无人机UA V/Unmanned Aerial Vehicle；防空工事air defense work静力学statics6. 操作系统OS/ Operating System；麻花钻twist drill；抗体anti-body7. 氧化物oxidant；毒品narcotics/ narcotic drugs ；解除管制decontrol8. 随机存储器（随机存储内存）RAM =Random Access Memory；只读存储器（只读内存）ROM =Read-Only Memory；下拉式菜单Pull-down/drop-down Menu9. 中央处理器CPU = Central Processing Unit；面向进程的process-oriented；面向对象的object-oriented;平板电脑tablet computer；笔记本电脑notebook/laptop computer;台式机/台式电脑desktop computer10. 发电机组generator unit/set；power unit;水电站hydropower/water-power plant；鸡心夹头heart carrier11. 手术后的postoperative；死后的/验尸的postmortem；凝固点solid point12. 炸弹负荷/炸弹负载bomb load；立体显微镜Stereomicroscope ；空气阻力air reaction13.工字钢I-steel；槽钢U-steel；金字塔式框架A-frame14. 声纳sonar ；镭射/激光laser；雷达radar；15.城市规划urban planning；转/分r. p. m；超导体superconductorIII. Translate the following terms into Chinese: (30%, 3 points for each)1.air reaction, solid point, defense work2.r.p.m, SCR , hydropower,3.RAM, CPU, Read-Only Memory4.stereomicroscope, oxidize, narcotics5.process-oriented, heart carrier, AC-DC6.radar, sonar, superconductor7.I-steel, T-beam, U-bolt8.Morse code, hypertext, front-user9.hypo-health, postoperative, decontrol10.mechanics, statics, kinematicsIII. Put the following sentences into Chinese: (20%, 2 points for each)1. These vacuum tubes will see use in the output stage.这些真空管将在输出级得到应用。
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Theriseintemperaturecouldnothavehappenedofitself.温度上涨不行能是出于自己的原由。
Betheshapeofabodycomplicated,itispossibletofindoutitsvolume.无论物体的形状如何复杂，人们均可求出它的体积。
Themoreenergywedesiretosend,thehigherwemakethevoltage.要求输送的电能越多，就得使电压升得越高。
Themosttypicalhumanlikecharacteristicofarobotisitsarm.机器人最具人性化的特色就是它的机械臂。
InourstudiesoftheimplicationsfortheFirstLaw,wewereabletoseetheimportanceofthedistinctionbetweenstatea ndpathfunctions.我们研究第必定律时，能够理解划分状态函数和路径函数的重要性。
Thefirstjobofanelectrontubeistogettheelectronsapartfromtheirnuclei.电子管的第一项工作就是使电子与其原子核分开。
Thattypeofturbineusuallyrotatesataverylowspeed.那种汽轮机往常以特别低的速度运行。
Smallobjectssuchasdustparticlesandwaterdropletsfallonlysmalldistancesbeforelosingmostoftheiraccelerat ion.小物体，比方尘粒和水珠，只是着落了一小段距离后便失掉了其大多半的加快度。
Thesamehashappenedtothecentralcontrolsystem.中心控制系统也发生过相同的事故。
There’shardlyanyroomforanyimpuritiesinsuchamicrofiber.在这类微纤维中，杂质几乎没有存在的可能。
HisinstanceswereLennardandStark,bothofthemwereNobellaureatesbutlaterbecameferventfollowersofHitler. 他举出勒纳德及史塔克为例子。
这两个人都得过诺贝尔奖，但以后却成了狂热的希特勒信徒。
Theprimaryfunctionofaregulatoristosupplyconstantpressuretoeachdevice.调理器的基本功能是给每个装置供给稳固的电压。
Thebestuseoftheseequationsisincheckingthetheoreticalanalysesusingtheotherapproaches.这些方程式最大的用途是可对采纳了其余方法对理论剖析进行查验。
第五章总复习题Thisseemstoindicatethatfurtherresearchwouldbenecessary.这仿佛表示进一步研究的必需性。
Ana.c.motorissimilarinconstructiontoad.c.motor.沟通电动机与直流电动机构造相像。
Naturalenvironmentcanbeeasilyruinedbyinappropriateexploration.开发不妥简单破坏自然资源。
Negativechargesaremovingcounterclockwise.负电荷按逆时针方向流动。
Theaveragevalueofvoltagecanbemeasuredpointbypoint.电压的均匀值能够逐点丈量。
Theproblemofmaterialsiseasedbythelowerboilingpoint.因为沸点较低，资料问题简单解决。
1Asaresult,althoughthereisminimalfrictionpresent,alubricantisstillabsolutelyessential.所以，固然有很小的摩擦，但润滑剂依旧是特别必需的。
Removalprocedureforleft-handandright-handcycliccylindersisessentiallythesame.左右两边循环气缸的拆卸步骤基本上相同。
Substantially,anthocyanin,thepigmentthatturnsleaves---andapples---red,isproducedbysugarsthatremainafterthenutrientsarechokedoff.实质上，使树叶和苹果变红的色素——花色素苷是营养去除后节余的糖分产生的。
Massagewillaffectmusclesthroughoutthebody.推拿将会对浑身的肌肉组织产生影响。
Inthistestthemajorpartisbackedoffelectrically.在此项实验中，主要部分被电赔偿。
Itisalsogoodforshockandimpactloads.它还合用于振动和冲击载荷。
Thetermminimumlifeisalsousedtomeanratinglife.最小寿命这个术语也指额定寿命。
Usually,a2cmadjustmentofthemachineisenoughtobringthepressurebacktonormal.往常，把机器调整2厘米就足以使压力恢复正常。
Statisticsisarathermodernbranchofmathematics.统计学是一门相当新的数学分支。
Computersprovidethemeansforgreaterspeedandaccuracyinworkingwithideasthanhadpreviouslybeenpos sible.计算机办理意念时所供给方法的速度和精准度都超出了过去所能达到的水平。
Lessthanaquarteroftheenergyofahumanengineisconvertedintomechanicalenergy.人体发出的不到1/4的能量转变成机械能。
Hydrogenisthelightestgas,itsdensitybeing0.0894g/l.氢是最轻的气体，其密度为0.0894克/升。
Theconductivityofpolyacetylenedropsrapidlyincontactwithair.聚乙炔一接触空气，其导电性就快速降落。
Thereisabrighterfutureforintelligentdevicesinthehome.家庭智能装置仍有着更为光明的远景。
（省译）Thescientistsfoundthatthebloodvesselsinthelegcannotswell.科学家们发现腿内的血管不会肿胀。
Onceuponatime,boldclaimsweremadeaboutcomputers,thefutureandthe“paperlessoffice”.曾几何时，有人就相关计算机、未来和“无纸化办公”做过勇敢的展望。
Thedoctoradvisedagainsttheuseofthenewtreatment.医生建议不要使用新的治疗方法。
Ifagoodbasecannotbefoundatareasonabledepth,thenaso-calleddeepfoundationmustbeprovided.若在合理的深度内找不到坚固的地基层，那就要采纳所谓的深基础。
Magneticlinesofforcecannotbeseen,butweknowtheyexistbywhattheydo.磁力线是看不见的，可是我们依据它们的作用即知它们的存在。
WemayprocessdirectlywithKirchoff ’svoltagelawforthecircuit.关于电路，我们可直接从克希荷夫电压定律讲起。
Thepropervaluesofaandbaredeterminedfromtwoconditions.a 和b的值由两个条件决定。
2Optionalcommunicationsarefreefromelectromagneticinterference.光电通讯不受电磁的扰乱。
Thistypeofdiscrepancycouldhaveresultedfromdifferencesinkinetics.这类差别可能是由动力的不一样而造成的。
Thevisualimageofthelettersmakingupthewordisconvertedintoitsspokenequivalent.将构成词的各字母的视觉形象变换成该词对应的发音。
Primitivemanmadeweapons,tools,andutensilsofcopper,brass,andbronze.原始人类用铜、黄铜和青铜制作成各样武器、工具和器皿。
Thelongerwavelengthsofradiosignalspassthroughtheatmosphererelativelyundisturbed.相对来说，波长较长的射电讯号经过大气时没有遇到扰乱。
Mosthardness-testingsystemsemployastandardloadwhichisappliedtoaballorpyramidincontactwiththematerialtobet ested.多半的硬度实验系统使用一标准载荷加在与实验金属相接触的小球或棱锥上。
Allmetalsarecorrodibleunderthepropercircumstances.所有金属在必定状况下都是可腐化的。
Thedesignoftherocketnozzlealsohasmuchtodowiththebehavioroftheexhaustandtheresultingvelocityo fthevehicleitself.火箭喷管的设计与排气的性能及飞翔器自己的有效速度有很大关系。
Peripheralmillingoperationsareusuallyperformedonmillingmachineswiththespindlepositionedhoriz ontally;however,theycanalsobeperformedwithendmillsonvertical-spindlemachines.周铣作业往常在带有水平定位主轴的铣床长进行，但也能够在带有端面铣刀的主轴铣床长进行。