科技英语翻译1—4
《科技英语翻译》课程练习二
《科技英语翻译》课程练习二答案一、翻译以下专用词汇cap帽子—轴承盖，罩壳shoe鞋—闸瓦，履带片cup杯子—皮碗，轴套bed床—底座，机座身house房子—箱体，罩disk唱片—研磨盘desk书桌—控制屏table桌子—放料盘eye眼—孔环ear耳—吊钩mouth口—开度nose鼻—喷嘴hand手—手柄，指针finger手指—厚薄规foot脚—支座head头—冒口，刀架neck颈—座body身体—机身hair头发―游丝phase 土壤学：分段物理系：相电工学：相位数学：位相动物学：型天文学：周相军事学：战斗阶段resistance 力学：阻力电学：电阻机械学：耐受性、强度二、翻译以下名词化结构1) All substances will permit the passage of some electric current, provided the potential difference is high enough.译文：只要有足够的电位差，电流便可通过任何物体。
2) The rusting of metals is accompanied by increase in weight and by absorption of material from air.译文：金属生锈时常吸收了空气中的物质而增加了重量。
3) Television is the transmission and reception of images of moving objects by radio waves.译文：电视是通过无线电波发射和接收各种活动物体的图像。
4) The absence of an electron from a silicon atom can be thought of as a hole.译文：硅原子中缺少一个电子，可以看成是一个空穴。
5) The superiority of radar to ordinary vision lies in the greater distances at which seeing is possible with radar.译文：雷达相对于普通视力的优势在于利用雷达所能看清的距离比较远。
科技英语翻译ppt-4-不定式
8. 假设(let)需要求出这个角度(angle)来。
8. Let it be required to find out this angle.
9. 设(let)t0等于零(zero)。
9. Let tO be equal to zero.
10. 这个方程很难解。
10. This equation is very difficult to solve. / It is difficult to solve this equation.
15.
这是一支画(draw)画(picture)的 笔(pen)。 15. This is a pen to draw pictures with. 16. 为了使电流在电路中流动，必须有 什么来驱动它。 16. For a current to flow in a circuit, there must be something to drive it./ something is needed to drive it.
4. 证明这个公式(formula)成立(hold)就留 作为读者(reader)的一个习题。 4. It is left as a problem for the reader to prove that this formula holds. 5. 要执行(execute)的程序贮存(store)在 这一单元中。 5. The program to be executed is stored in this unit. 6. 这山谷(valley)用作为建坝(dam)的基础 (foundation)。
科技英语翻译
• ● The closer the plates are to one
another, the greater amount of charge is held. • 译文: 平板相互靠得越近，则保持的 电荷量越大。 • ● The smaller the particles, the more freely do（stress） they move. • 译文: 粒子越小，它们运动得越自
干分之一。
• ● The collector-emitter (集电 极-发射极)saturation voltage (饱和电压) may be as large as 1 to 2 volts for high-power transistors. • 译文: 对于高功率晶体管来说， 集电极-发射机之间的饱和电压可 能高达1至2伏。
• 2. The ways to express the idea of “越来 越…” • (1) for monosyllabic (单音节的) words: ~er and ~er; • for polysyllabic （多音节的）words: more and more • (2) ever + a comparative degree (monosyllabic words): e.g. ever wider • (3) increasingly + a positive degree (polysyllabic words) : e.g. increasingly important
• 4 这种方法需要的门电路比图3-4所示的电路多得多。 • This process requires many more gates than the circuit shown in Fig.3-4. • 5 这时，就容易检测到小到入射信号的1/10的反射。 • At this time, it is ease to detect reflections as small as 1 part in ten to fourth of the incident signal. • 6 鲸鱼的身体是其大脑的100倍重，而大象的身体大约是 其大脑的500倍那么重。 • The whale’s body is a thousand times heavier than its brain, while the elephant’s body is about five thousand times as heavy. •
科技英语翻译
•
Well-meaning scientists, engineers, economists and politicians have proposed various steps that could slightly reduce fossil-fuel use and emissions. These steps are not enough.
• 该技术已准备就绪。后文中我们提出了一 个资助计划，计划到2050年用太阳能为美 国提供69%的电能和35%的包括运输在内 的全部能源。
• We project that this energy could be sold to consumers at rates equivalent to today’s rates for conventional power sources, about five cent kilowatt-hour ( kwh ). • 我们预计，这种能源的价格和常规电能的 价格相当，约五美分每千瓦小时。 • rate 比率, 速度, 价格, 费用, 等级
• Thanks for your attention !
• The US is lucky to be endowed with a vast resource; at least 250,000 square miles of land in the southwest alone are suitable for constructing solar power plants, and that land receives more than 4,500 quadrillion British thermal units ( Btu ) of solar radiation a year. • 幸好，美国资源丰富；仅西南部就至少有 25万平方英里的土地适合建设太阳能发电 厂，这些土地一年就能接收到超过450千兆 Btu的太阳辐射能。 • be endowed [indau] with具有, 赋有
科技英语 主编 田文杰 课文翻译
Unit 1Artificial intelligence is the science and engineering of making intelligent machines,especially intelligent computer programs.人工智能是制造智能机器的科学与工程，特别是智能化的计算机程序。
It is related to the similar task of using computers to understand human intelligence,but AI does not have to confine itself to methods that are biologically observable.这与使用计算机来理解人类智能的类似任务有关，但是人工智能不需要把它局限在生物可观察的方法上。
In this unit,the two passages present a general picture of AI research .在这个单元，两个章节提出了人工智能研究的概况。
Text A briefly introduces the definition of AI,some kinds of architectures of AI system,essential capabilities to AI programs and so on.文章A简要介绍了人工智能的定义，人工智能的系统的几种体系结构、基本功能以及程序等等。
Text B explains a particular area of AI research--natural language processing including its definition and a legendary Turing’s Test.文章A解释特定地区研究人工智能的自然语言处理包括定义和传说中的图灵测试。
科技英语阅读翻译
1all elements are composed of scattered units called atoms,which are the smallest particles than show the characteristics of the element. atoms are tiny units of matter composed of positively charged protons, negatively charged elements ,and electrically neutral neutrons. protons and neutrons, which have almost the same mass,are clustered in the nucleus in the middle of the atom. electrons,which are tiny in comparison to the other units, move around the nucleus at high speed. atoms that have the same number of electrons and protons are electrically neutral. those that have got or lost electrons,and therefor are positively or negatively charged, are called ions.所有的元素都称为原子的散射单元，这是比显示的元件的特性的最小的颗粒组成。
原子是微小单位的物质组成的带正电的质子，带负电荷的元件和电中性的中子。
质子和中子，它们具有几乎相同的质量，聚集在细胞核内的原子在中间。
的电子，这在其他单位相比是微小的，围绕原子核高速移动。
具有相同的电子和质子数的原子是电中性的。
科技英语翻译(1)
ENGLISH FOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Historically，“three peaks”in translation movements：东汉至唐宋的Buddhism scripture 的翻译、明末清初的科技翻译、鸦片 战争至‘五四“ 的西学翻译。（ First Opium War (Britain’s invasion of China, 1840-1842） In terms of scope, quality, and contribution to the development of the nation, the current one is unprecedented.
形象生动,句式简单,强烈的审美意识， 文字生动而感人。
专业术语,正式的客观描述词汇,较长的
名词化结构,客观事实,文字严谨而客观。
2. 与英语口语文体的对比 An old lady who was listening exclaimed: It beats all how folks do things nowadays. When I was a gal, they made a hole in each end of an egg and sucked. A young lady back home from school was explaining. “ Take an egg.” She said, “ and make a perforation in the base and a corresponding one in the apex, then apply the lips to the aperture, and by forcibly inhaling the breath, the shell is entirely discharged of its contents.”
科技英语翻译
一、长句The Company’s sole liability in the event of such defects is to repair or replace the Product,at Company’s option, and Company may replace the Product with a remanufacturedProduct.如果发生质量缺陷，本公司仅负责修理或更换本产品，具体方法由本公司选择。
本公司可以采用再制产品来更换本产品。
二、名词化结构The heat loss can be considerably reduced by the use of firebricks round the walls of theboiler.炉壁采用耐火砖可大大降低热耗。
Television is the transmission and reception of images of moving objects by radio waves.电视通过无线电波发射和接收各种活动物体的图像。
三、被动Natural rubber is obtained from rubber trees as a white, milkyliquid known as latex. This is treated with acid and dried, before being dispatched to countries all over the world.天然橡胶取自橡胶树，是一种叫“乳胶”的白色乳状液体。
在运往世界各国之前，橡胶要经过酸处理和烘干。
四、非谓语Today the electronic computer is widely used in solving mathematicalproblems having to do with weather forecasting and putting satellite into orbit.今天，电子计算机被广泛运用于解决一些数学问题，这些问题与天气预报和把卫星送入轨道有关。
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The four types of sustainability include human, economic, social, and
environmental. All four are required to maintain the entirety of life on Earth. Althoughinterconnected, itis importanttonotethedifferences of eachinterms of
its nature and requirements.
The very basic need of humansustainability is good reproductive healthand
safe childbearing.Those that reproduce have the responsibility of caring for their children, giving them access to proper education, and promoting their health and wellness. At some point, the childrenshould have enoughskills and knowledge suchthatthey cansustaintheir ownway of life. Itis atthatpointthatthey become
considered as productive human capital as well as individuals that can go through the process of reproduction and rearing. As long as this process is maintained at a rate that all human systems can support, human sustainability should be no cause for concern.
Insimple terms, economic sustainability is havinga set amount of capital for a
certain period. Those who consume that capital must also conserve it so that they will continue to enjoy it towards the end of the specified period. This means that
we must preserve all our resources as we consume them so that human beings in
the future can enjoy them as well. To achieve this, we must regenerate our resources at a rate that is equal to or faster than our consumption.
Social capital is an important aspect of sustainability because it is through communities and civil societies that humankind can easily and inexpensively work together. Without proper levels of social capital, it can easily deplete and violence as well as mistrustcantake over. Whenthathappens, societies andeverythingelse
that depends on them will be destroyed. Through proper maintenance of and adherencetolaws, rules, andvalues thatsocieties havedevelopedfor thecommon
good, social sustainability can be achieved.
Environmental sustainability is important because it involves natural resources that humanbeings need for economic or manufactured capital. Materials taken
fromnature are usedfor solutions that address humanneeds. If nature is depleted
faster than it can regenerate, human beings will be left without raw materials.
Furthermore,environmental sustainability also involves ensuring that waste emissions areatvolumes thatnaturecanhandle. If not, all humans andother living
things on Earth can be harmed to the point of extinction.
可持续性分类
四种可持续性包括人类可持续性，经济可持续性，社会可持续性和环境可持续性。
这四种可持续性都应维持地球上生命的完整性。
尽管他们相互联系，但观注他们在性质上的
细节差异和要求仍是很重要的。
人类可持续性
人类可持续性的基本要求是良好的生殖健康和安全分娩。
人类有责任照顾好他们的孩子，让他们获得良好的教育，促进他们的健康和发展。
在一定意义上 (在那时？ )，孩子 (子孙) 应该有足够的技能和知识以至于能够维持他们自己的生活。
在这点上 (在那时？ ) 他们是生产所需要的人力资本 (源) ，也是进行再生产、繁衍后代的个体。
只要这一过程以全人类系统能够支持的速度进行，人类可持续性就大可不必担心。
经济可持续性
简单看来，经济可持续性在特定时期有固定资本。
消费资本的个体必须节约一部分资本以便在确定时期结束时仍能享有它。
那意味着我们在消费资源时必须加以保留以便未来的人类也能享有它们。
(这就意味着我们必须在消费资源时保护我们所有的资源，这样人类才能实现后续消费。
)为实现这一目的，我们必须使资源的再生速度等于或超过我们消费资源的速度。
社会可持续性
社会资本是社会可持续性的一个重要方面，这是因为社会资本通过社区或公民社会使
人类能够容易且代价较小的一起工作。
没有适当水平的社会资本，资本很容易耗尽，暴力和不信任也会随之发生。
当这种情况发生时，社会和其他取决于社会的一切事物都会遭到破坏。
通过适当地维护、坚持社会为实现共同利益而形成的法律，规范和价值观，社会可持续性才能够实现。
环境可持续性
环境可持续性很重要，(因为它涉及到自然资源，人类需要其为经济或生产资本服务。
) 因为它涉及人类经济发展和制造资本所需的自然资源。
生产材料取自于自然，人类需要其解决生产问题。
如果自然地消耗速度超过其可再生速度，人类将没有原材料。
此外，环境可持续性还包括确保废弃物的排放量在自然能够调节地范围内。
否则，地球上的所有人类和其他生物将濒临灭绝。