英语翻译作业 优质课件
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《英语翻译》PPT课件
• 翻译是异语交际活动，通过语言转换达到交际 目的。（张泽乾）
编辑ppt
8
The Definition of Translation
• Semantic views on translation:
• Translation is rendering the meaning of a text into another language in the way that author intended the text. (Newmark)
• 翻译是将一种语言文字所蕴含的意思用另一种 语言文字表达出来的文化活动。 (王克非)
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10
The Criteria for Translation
• General laws of translation (Tytler) • 1. The translation should give a complete
A branch of science
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2
The Nature of Translation
• What is the nature of translation?
傅雷
An art
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3
The Nature of Translation 孙迎春
skill/craft/instrument
-- Eugene Nida
所谓翻译，是指从语义到风格在译语中用最 切近而又最自然的对等语再现原语的信息。
--尤金.奈达
编辑ppt
7
The Definition of Translation
• Communicative views on translation:
• The translator attempts to produce the same effect on the target language readers as was produced on the original source language readers. (Newmark)
英语句子的翻译TRANSLATION精品PPT课件
7.It is believed that careless driving which causes a lot of traffic accidents is the first killer on the road. which brings about… which leads to… which results in…
the same … as 相同的两个事物 the same … that 相同的一个事物
I have bought the same schoolbag as you did. 我买了一个与你买的相同的书包。
I have found the same book that you lost. 我找到你丢掉的那（同一）本书。
3. He made experiments one after another in order to find the direction in whichthethe electrons move.
44.. TThhee ddiiccttiioonnaarryy for whichI Ippaaidid5500ddoolllalarsrspprorovveessto tboebveervyeruysuefsuelfow.unhl.iwchhiwwchaassII sswwppooeerrnntththt 55550000ddddoooolllllllalaaarrrrssss which cost me 50 dollars
5. AA llaarrggee aammoouunntt ooff rreeaaddiinngg on whichtthheessttuuddeennttss should concentrate their attention is often ignored.
the same … as 相同的两个事物 the same … that 相同的一个事物
I have bought the same schoolbag as you did. 我买了一个与你买的相同的书包。
I have found the same book that you lost. 我找到你丢掉的那（同一）本书。
3. He made experiments one after another in order to find the direction in whichthethe electrons move.
44.. TThhee ddiiccttiioonnaarryy for whichI Ippaaidid5500ddoolllalarsrspprorovveessto tboebveervyeruysuefsuelfow.unhl.iwchhiwwchaassII sswwppooeerrnntththt 55550000ddddoooolllllllalaaarrrrssss which cost me 50 dollars
5. AA llaarrggee aammoouunntt ooff rreeaaddiinngg on whichtthheessttuuddeennttss should concentrate their attention is often ignored.
英语翻译课件【全英版】
英语翻译课件【全英版】
When traveling or living abroad what gave you the biggest culture shock?
Three Elements of Culture
• The first is that culture is learned. This means that unlike hair color or height, culture is not a hereditary trait. If a French mother and an Australian father live in Mexico and have a child, the child will adopt the Mexican culture language, values, importance of events, etc. The child will certainly have a better sense of French and Australian cultures than its classmates, but it will, nevertheless, accept the Mexican culture as its own.
women, family, education, media), Dress, Recreation
Recreation
Culture incorporates…
• Language
– Official, Spoken vs. written, Dialects
Language
English Translations made by Japanese firm that were added to labels to increase prestige for their products being sold in China.
When traveling or living abroad what gave you the biggest culture shock?
Three Elements of Culture
• The first is that culture is learned. This means that unlike hair color or height, culture is not a hereditary trait. If a French mother and an Australian father live in Mexico and have a child, the child will adopt the Mexican culture language, values, importance of events, etc. The child will certainly have a better sense of French and Australian cultures than its classmates, but it will, nevertheless, accept the Mexican culture as its own.
women, family, education, media), Dress, Recreation
Recreation
Culture incorporates…
• Language
– Official, Spoken vs. written, Dialects
Language
English Translations made by Japanese firm that were added to labels to increase prestige for their products being sold in China.
英语翻译-句子翻译PPT
02
Sentence translation skills
Literal translation and free translation
Literal translation
This method aims to confirm the exact meaning of the source language presence to the target language, without any changes in vocabulary or grammar It is important to maintain the original context and intention
Long presence translation
要点一
Breaking down complex senses
Long senses in the source language can often require breaking them down into smaller, more manageable units for translation This helps maintain clarity and flow in the target language version
Target language word order
Adjusting word order in the target language can help ensure a more natural and readable translation It is essential to maintain graphical correctness and logical flow while making these adjustments
英汉翻译 5(共16张PPT)
❖ 他身体虽弱，但思想健康。 ❖ 2、It was not until early 40’s, that chemists began
to use the technique analytically. ❖ 直到40年代初，化学家们才开始将这种技术进行分析
利用。
第9页，共16页。
Conversion 8
她想必对计算机操作十分陌生。 (N—Adj.) 1、Open the windows to let air in.
❖ 这里的名词“stranger”加上前面的不定冠词“a”，一起作表语，这时通常可以将此名词转译成形容词。
这里的名词“stranger”加上前面的不定冠词“a”， 2、He is a lover of Chinese paintings.
Their way takes them through quiet streets of old brownstones, one of the oldest 1、They try their best to help the sick and the wounded.
医生说，他不敢肯定是否能救得了他的生命。
❖ 最古老的街区
❖ Only the most inclement weather stops them— suitably dressed, they can walk with pleasure in spring rains, ^autumn drizzles, ^the sunlight of a summer morning or ^a soft winter snowfall.
❖ 只有极恶劣的天气才会阻止他们步行。他们衣着得体，惬意
地步行在蒙蒙春雨之中，步行于秋日的毛毛细雨里，漫步 在夏日清晨的阳光下，或徜徉在冬天柔软的飘雪间。
to use the technique analytically. ❖ 直到40年代初，化学家们才开始将这种技术进行分析
利用。
第9页，共16页。
Conversion 8
她想必对计算机操作十分陌生。 (N—Adj.) 1、Open the windows to let air in.
❖ 这里的名词“stranger”加上前面的不定冠词“a”，一起作表语，这时通常可以将此名词转译成形容词。
这里的名词“stranger”加上前面的不定冠词“a”， 2、He is a lover of Chinese paintings.
Their way takes them through quiet streets of old brownstones, one of the oldest 1、They try their best to help the sick and the wounded.
医生说，他不敢肯定是否能救得了他的生命。
❖ 最古老的街区
❖ Only the most inclement weather stops them— suitably dressed, they can walk with pleasure in spring rains, ^autumn drizzles, ^the sunlight of a summer morning or ^a soft winter snowfall.
❖ 只有极恶劣的天气才会阻止他们步行。他们衣着得体，惬意
地步行在蒙蒙春雨之中，步行于秋日的毛毛细雨里，漫步 在夏日清晨的阳光下，或徜徉在冬天柔软的飘雪间。
最新英汉汉英翻译课件(共34张PPT)精品课件
第十页，共三十四页。
谚语 对等 (yànyǔ)
1）Look before you leap. 2) Make hay while the sun shines.
3) There is no smoke without fire.
4) Ill news travels fast. 5) Practice makes perfect. 6) 欲速则不达。 7) 出门千里，不如家里。 8) 拉入篮里就是(jiùshì)菜。
All is fish that comes to the net.
Everything comes to him who waits. The moon is not seen when the sun shines.
第十二页，共三十四页。
谚语 对 (yànyǔ) 等
小结：谚语和成语一样，其汉英两种语言中的对等大多数也 是从比喻(bǐyù)意义、比喻(bǐyù)形式和感情色彩等3方面体现 出来的。同样，比喻(bǐyù)意义的对等是最重要的，是翻译 中必须做到的，感情色彩的对等几乎是同等重要，不可忽 视，在保证这两方面的基础上，再来考虑比喻(bǐyù)形式的 对等。
To come out well in a photagraph
To appear in the newspaper
To hang oneself To perform To be addicted to sth To wind the watch
第十四页，共三十四页。
一词多译 “head”
1) He was badly wounded in the head. 2) You should use your head a bit.
好棋手词的搭配意义sophisticatedsophisticatedmansophisticatedwomansophisticatedcolumnistsophisticatedelectronicdevicesophisticatedmanweapon老于世故的人狡黠的女子老练的专栏作家高度精密的电子装臵尖端武器词的搭配意义prettyprettygirlboywomanflowergardemcolourvillagehandsomeboymancarvesselovercoatairlinetypewriter翻译中的选词和选义diecloseoneseyeslaydownoneslifepassawaybreatheoneslastgowestviolentdeathgiveupkickuponesheelsreleasesoulsfromsufferingfaithfulchristian虔诚的教徒lovingparent慈爱的父母obedientchild孝顺的儿女virtuouswife贤良的妻子dutifulhusband尽职的丈夫好教徒好父母好儿女好妻子好丈夫选词和选义词的搭配意义runrunacrossrunawayrunoutrunwildrunonesheadrunoil提炼石油词的搭配意义thickthickhairthickweatherthickpuddlethickvoicethickdarknessthickfogthickcloud密云词的搭配意义heavyheavyreadingheavymealheavyvoteheavyinvestorheavyscheduleheavythinkerheavycoldheavysleeperheavysmoker烟瘾很大的人词的搭配意义closeclosereasoningcloseelectioncloseresemblanceclosemindclosedeconomyclosedcaseclosefriendclosefriend近亲词的搭配意义openopenfireopenquestionopenportopenmindopendrainopenwinteropencharacteropensecret公开的秘密词的搭配意义花开花花领带绣花鞋花絮老花眼花色花心花样brightcolouredtiesembroidereds
谚语 对等 (yànyǔ)
1）Look before you leap. 2) Make hay while the sun shines.
3) There is no smoke without fire.
4) Ill news travels fast. 5) Practice makes perfect. 6) 欲速则不达。 7) 出门千里，不如家里。 8) 拉入篮里就是(jiùshì)菜。
All is fish that comes to the net.
Everything comes to him who waits. The moon is not seen when the sun shines.
第十二页，共三十四页。
谚语 对 (yànyǔ) 等
小结：谚语和成语一样，其汉英两种语言中的对等大多数也 是从比喻(bǐyù)意义、比喻(bǐyù)形式和感情色彩等3方面体现 出来的。同样，比喻(bǐyù)意义的对等是最重要的，是翻译 中必须做到的，感情色彩的对等几乎是同等重要，不可忽 视，在保证这两方面的基础上，再来考虑比喻(bǐyù)形式的 对等。
To come out well in a photagraph
To appear in the newspaper
To hang oneself To perform To be addicted to sth To wind the watch
第十四页，共三十四页。
一词多译 “head”
1) He was badly wounded in the head. 2) You should use your head a bit.
好棋手词的搭配意义sophisticatedsophisticatedmansophisticatedwomansophisticatedcolumnistsophisticatedelectronicdevicesophisticatedmanweapon老于世故的人狡黠的女子老练的专栏作家高度精密的电子装臵尖端武器词的搭配意义prettyprettygirlboywomanflowergardemcolourvillagehandsomeboymancarvesselovercoatairlinetypewriter翻译中的选词和选义diecloseoneseyeslaydownoneslifepassawaybreatheoneslastgowestviolentdeathgiveupkickuponesheelsreleasesoulsfromsufferingfaithfulchristian虔诚的教徒lovingparent慈爱的父母obedientchild孝顺的儿女virtuouswife贤良的妻子dutifulhusband尽职的丈夫好教徒好父母好儿女好妻子好丈夫选词和选义词的搭配意义runrunacrossrunawayrunoutrunwildrunonesheadrunoil提炼石油词的搭配意义thickthickhairthickweatherthickpuddlethickvoicethickdarknessthickfogthickcloud密云词的搭配意义heavyheavyreadingheavymealheavyvoteheavyinvestorheavyscheduleheavythinkerheavycoldheavysleeperheavysmoker烟瘾很大的人词的搭配意义closeclosereasoningcloseelectioncloseresemblanceclosemindclosedeconomyclosedcaseclosefriendclosefriend近亲词的搭配意义openopenfireopenquestionopenportopenmindopendrainopenwinteropencharacteropensecret公开的秘密词的搭配意义花开花花领带绣花鞋花絮老花眼花色花心花样brightcolouredtiesembroidereds
汉译英翻译练习ppt课件
人类把自己和其他动物区别开来。与此同时，人类还具 有观察和了解周围环境的能力。他们要么适应环境，要 么控制环境，或根据自身的需要改造环境。人类就这样 在一些情况下, 一些英语长句单纯采用上述任何 一种方法都不方便, 这就需要我们的仔细分析, 或按照时间的先后,或按照逻辑顺序, 顺逆结合, 主次分明地对全句进行综合处理,以便把英语原 文翻译成通顺忠实的汉语句子。
anybody else.
分析: 该句共有三层含义: A: 人们不敢出门; B: 尽管警察已 接到命令, 要作好准备以应付紧急情况; C: 警察也和其他人 一样不知所措和无能为力。在这三层含义中, B表示让步, C 表示原因, 而A则表示结果, 按照汉语习惯顺序, 我们作如下 的安排:
尽管警察已接到命令, 要作好准备以应付紧急情况, 但 人们不敢出门, 因为警察也和其他人一样不知所措和无能 为力。
Now you try:
For a family of four, for example, it is more convenient as well as cheaper to sit comfortably at home, with almost unlimited entertainment available, than to go out in search of amusement elsewhere.
分析: 这个句子由一个主句, 两个原因状语和一个定语从句, “铝直 到19世纪才被人发现”是主句, 也是全句的中心内容, 全句共有四个 谓语结构, 共有五层意思: A. 铝直到19世纪才被人发现; B. 由于在自 然界找不到游离状态的铝; C. 由于它总是跟其他元素结合在一起; D. 最普遍的是跟氧结合; E. 铝跟氧有很强的亲和力。按照汉语的表达 习惯通常因在前, 果在后, 这样, 我们可以逆着原文的顺序把该句翻 译成:
anybody else.
分析: 该句共有三层含义: A: 人们不敢出门; B: 尽管警察已 接到命令, 要作好准备以应付紧急情况; C: 警察也和其他人 一样不知所措和无能为力。在这三层含义中, B表示让步, C 表示原因, 而A则表示结果, 按照汉语习惯顺序, 我们作如下 的安排:
尽管警察已接到命令, 要作好准备以应付紧急情况, 但 人们不敢出门, 因为警察也和其他人一样不知所措和无能 为力。
Now you try:
For a family of four, for example, it is more convenient as well as cheaper to sit comfortably at home, with almost unlimited entertainment available, than to go out in search of amusement elsewhere.
分析: 这个句子由一个主句, 两个原因状语和一个定语从句, “铝直 到19世纪才被人发现”是主句, 也是全句的中心内容, 全句共有四个 谓语结构, 共有五层意思: A. 铝直到19世纪才被人发现; B. 由于在自 然界找不到游离状态的铝; C. 由于它总是跟其他元素结合在一起; D. 最普遍的是跟氧结合; E. 铝跟氧有很强的亲和力。按照汉语的表达 习惯通常因在前, 果在后, 这样, 我们可以逆着原文的顺序把该句翻 译成:
英语翻译课件【全英版】.ppt
women, family, education, media), Dress, Recreation
Recreation
Culture incorporates…
• Language
– Official, Spo来自en vs. written, Dialects
Language
English Translations made by Japanese firm that were added to labels to increase prestige for their products being sold in China.
– Political System*: structure, parties, stability, tax rates, local government
– Legal System*: laws regulating exchange, doing business in
Culture incorporates…
• Finally, the idea that one element of culture affects all other elements is important in understanding how elements of culture are related to each other. An example of this is class: an individual's class will affect the vocabulary she uses, as well as how she perceives the world around her.
What is Culture?
Recreation
Culture incorporates…
• Language
– Official, Spo来自en vs. written, Dialects
Language
English Translations made by Japanese firm that were added to labels to increase prestige for their products being sold in China.
– Political System*: structure, parties, stability, tax rates, local government
– Legal System*: laws regulating exchange, doing business in
Culture incorporates…
• Finally, the idea that one element of culture affects all other elements is important in understanding how elements of culture are related to each other. An example of this is class: an individual's class will affect the vocabulary she uses, as well as how she perceives the world around her.
What is Culture?
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标识的翻译技巧
一、去繁从简 To numerous little 二、遵从习惯Follow habit 三、程式化套译Stylized set of translation 四、反面着笔Opposite a pen
一、去繁从简
只要根据原语所处的具体语境，充分地解释原语所隐 含的意义，把原语的语用含义充分表达出来，译语就可达 到原语的语用效果。在一些特定的语境中，有些标识在被 翻译成另一种语言时，其语用的含义要比词语本身具有的 含义更重要，所以删除那些繁琐部分，保留足以传达原语 含义的简化表达就成为标识语翻译的常用技巧。例如， “青岛是我家，清洁靠大家”、“注意安全,请勿攀爬单 边墙”等就可以从“Qingdao is my home, its cleanness depends on all of us.”,“Pay attention to your safety. Don’t climb the single wall.” 相应 地简 化 为 “ Keep Our City Clean”,“No Climbing!”。
4. 使用大写字母，省略标点符号 如STOP、EXIT、DEAD END等，汉译英
时，英文需大写。
5. 语言运用力求引人注目。 尤其是商业标识(Business Signs)及店铺的
招牌(Signboard)，更要追求夸张的效果。例 如EOM (End of Month) Sale月终大廉价、 Grand Sale/Bargain Sale大甩卖、Big Price Plunge大削价等等。
2. 文笔凝练、措辞精确 标识多省略冠词、代词、助动词等，仅使用实词、核心词汇，
以供人们在最短的时间了解最准确、最直接的信息。从词汇方 面来看，尽量减少复杂词汇和多种时态的动词；从句型方面考 虑，简单明了的祈使句是标识用语常用的句型。标识语的字数 往往精简到最低限度，如City Bus Only市内公共汽车专用、 Post-paid邮资已付、Danger危险、Admission Free免票入场、 Beverage Not Included酒水另付等，只需短短两三个单词就表 明了意思。此外，标识用语有时甚至会借用一些简单的字母或 数字代替单词，例如：4 SALE出售、Merry X’mas圣诞快乐等 等。
标识的语言特点
1. 大量使用名词短语、动词短语或动名词 具有指示、说明性质的标识往往使用名词短语，以直接、准确无
误地传达特定信息。如Fast Lane快行道、Conference Centre会议中 心、Food & Beverage餐饮部、Business Centre商务中心、Road Work正在施工、Tollgate收费站、Check-in登记入住、Baggage Office行李房等。而具有强制、限制性质的标识大多使用动名词或祈 使句，以将公众的注意力集中在所要求采取的行动上。如No Spitting 严禁随地吐痰、Please Do Not Disturb 请勿打扰、Mind the Gap注 意站台缝隙、Please Use Revolving Door请使用旋转门、Beware Obstruction小心障碍。在翻译过程中我们也应采用相应的名词短语或 祈使句句式，力求在语气、信息度等方面做到较好的匹配。
四、反面着笔
英汉两种语言都存在着从正面和反面表达一种概念的 现象。在翻译时，汉语的正面表达可以用英语的反面表达 来实现；汉语的反面表达也可以通过英语的正面表达来实 现。有时标识语的翻译可以通过此方法来达到一种很好的 转化。如“请勿将头伸出窗外”就可以翻译为“Keep Head Inside Vehicle”而不用正面表达“Don’t put your head out of the window”。再比如，请勿触摸Hands Off、 无烟商场Smoking Free Store、工地危险，禁止入内 Danger，Building Site。
三、程式化套译
由于标识语的结构日益国际化，而文字的表述比较固 定，因此翻译时可以采用程式化的方式来进行套译。如 “禁止做某事”可以套译为“No+名词或动名词”的形式， 如禁止掉头No Turn、禁止入内No Admittance、禁止停车 No Parking、禁止吸烟No Smoking；表示“专用”，可以 采用“名词+Only”的形式，如员工专用Staff Only、贵 宾专用VIP Only等；表示“请勿做某事”，可以采用“Do not +动词”的表达方式，如请勿触摸Do not touch、请 勿扔垃圾Do not litter等。
Unit 2
Signs 标识
姚梦颖 方洁 金英 任俊兰
Introduction
标识是指为了向公众传递特定的信息而 将文字、图形、符号等设计制作成具有指 示、说明或规定功能的公共信息牌；常见 的标示包括交通标识（Traffic Signs）、商 用标识（Business Signs）、公共场所常用 标识（Public Signs）以及其他标识用语等。
二、遵从习惯
标识语是一种特殊的题材，其表达方式是根据长期习 惯而形成的，翻译时绝对不能只根据汉语的字面意思生硬 地表达，而应遵从英语的习惯。例如我们外出常见到的 “小草微微笑，请你走便道”、“请勿践踏”等标识语就 可以遵从英语习惯直接翻译成“Keep Off the Grass”即可， 而不要生硬地翻译为“Little grass is smiling slightly； please walk on pavement.”。再比如，“前方修路，请慢 驾驶”、“该段路为单行道”可以习惯地译为“Road Work Ahead”，“One Way”。
3. 具有很强的规约性 由于历史沿革和言文化习惯等因素，很多标识用语的翻译都
已约定俗成，不宜随意变更。如“油漆未干”可能会被译作 “The paint is not dry.”或“The paint is wet.”，这些译法虽然从 语法来讲完全正确，但容易造成理解上的障碍或不便，因此不宜 采用。事实上，这个标识语 “地道”的译法是“Wet Paint”，既 简洁明了又完全符合英美人的语言习惯。类似的例句还有“双向 行驶”、 “远离火源”，分别译为“Two Way” 和“Keep Fire Away”。在标识语翻译中，译者应多留意英美国家常用的规范标 准的标识用语，尽量使用和汉语标识相应的、地道得体的英语语 汇进行翻译。