区分动词不定式和ing形式
不定式-ing分词和ed分词间的关系
语法结构- 不定式、-ing分词和-ed分词三者间的关系一、动词不定式与-ING分词的区别1. 作宾语时，-ING分词表示抽象的、一般性或习惯性的和连续性的动作，而不定式则表示某次具体动作，特别是将来的动作1) The school cannot tolerate on exams.［A］cheating［B］to cheat［C］be cheated［D］being cheated2) News of success keeps in.［A］pouring［B］to pour［C］poured［D］to be pouring3) Long ［A］before the dawn ［B］of recorded ［C］history, humans celebrated to harvest ［D］their crops.2. 作定语时，-ING表示正在进行的动作，用-ING的完成时表示动作的完成；不定式表示未来发生4) We were overjoyed at the news of China another man-made satellite.［A］having launched［B］to have launched［C］to launch［D］launched5) The applicants interviewing ［A］are required to ［B］bring all the necessary papers ［C］two days later ［D］.6) Sorghum(高梁) leaves ［A］occasionally contain ［B］enough hydrocyanic acid killing ［C］livestock(牲畜) ［D］.3. 当谓语动词是进行时的时候，用不定式而不用-ING分词作宾语4. 在remember,forget等词后，如果跟-ING分词，表示-ING分词的动作发生在主要谓语之前；如果跟不定式则表示不定式的动作发生在主要谓语动作之后5. stop, go on和leave off之后跟接动词不定式和-ING分词所表达的意义有所不同They stopped (talking) to work. ［停下(其他动作)来工作］They stopped working. ［停下工作(来干其他动作)］Workers went on discussing the problem. ［工人继续讨论这一问题］Workers went on to discuss the problem.［工人们停下来其他事，继续讨论这一问题］He left off writing.［他停下写作(去干其他事)］He left off to write.［他停下(其他事)来写作］6. … used to后跟不定式和-ING分词，后跟不定式有两种情况：一种是used to是固定用法表示“过去经常干……”；另外一种情况是use的被动词态“be used”后跟不定式；后跟-ING分词的情况有一种，那就是当used to中的used是形容词时，to后跟名词或-ING分词7) When he was in the plastic plant, he together with the workers.［A］has worked［B］had worked［C］had been worked［D］used to work8) You will soon this climate and then the changes in temperature will not affect you.［A］get used to［B］get to［C］get over［D］get on with9) Mr. Anderson used to jogging ［A］in the crisp morning ［B］air during ［C］the winter months ［D］, but now he has stopped.7. 一般情况下，for后边跟接there to be,而of后边则跟接there being10) It is fairly common in Africa for there an ensemble of expert musicians surrounded by others who join in by clapping, singing, or somehow adding to the totality of musical sound.［A］to be［B］being［C］to have been［D］having been8. be＋形容词后面要跟动词不定式作状语，而不用-INGIt is very difficult to manage the company.二、-ING分词与-ED分词的区别虽然在语法功能上，-ED分词在句子中所能承担的成分基本与-ING分词相同，但在意义上两者有差别：-ING分词表示主动的意义，而-ED分词则表示被动的意义；-ING分词表示一般性的或正在进行的动作，而-ED分词则表示已经完成和被动的动作。
非谓语动词：to动词原形动词原形ing，英语语言最爱的表达形式
非谓语动词：to动词原形动词原形ing，英语语言最爱的表达形式一、【非谓语动词】：表示动作或者动词词组，不做谓语。
今天主讲非谓语动词形式：to + 动词动词原形，动词原形+ing （V-ing）。
1.动词不定式：由to+动词原形构成。
可以做主语，宾语，定语，表语和状语。
（1）做主语To get there by bikewill take us an hour.解析：译文：骑自行车到达那里将会需要1个小时。
非谓语动词不定式词组做主语：toget there by bike谓语：will take宾语1：us（直接宾语）宾语2：an hour（间接宾语）(2)做宾语The driver failed to see the car in time.解析：译文：这个司机没有及时看到这个小轿车。
主语：The driver谓语：failed宾语：to see the car （非谓语不定式词组做宾语）状语（时间）：in time(3)宾补We believe him to be guilty.解析:译文：我们相信他是无罪的。
主语：We谓语：believe宾语：him宾补：to beguilty（对宾语的补充说明）(4) 定语The next train to arrive is from Seoul.解析：译文：马上即将到达的列车是来自首尔的。
主语：The next train谓语：is from宾语：Seoul定语：to arrive（定语是修饰主语的，这里to arrive “即将到达”，修饰 thenext train“下一趟列车”）(5) 表语My suggestion is to put offthe meeting.解析：译文：我的建议是推迟这次会议。
主语：My suggestion谓语：is宾语：themeeting表语：to put off（主系表，在is后面为表语）(7) 状语I come here only to say goodbye to you.解析：译文：我来到这只想跟你告别。
不定式与v-ing分词用法区别
请先阅读讲义“不定式与v-ing分词用法区别”主语表语定语宾语宾补状语不定式⎫⎫⎫⎫⎫⎫-ing ⎫⎫⎫⎫⎫⎫一、不定式与-ing都可作以上句子成分，其区别如下：1、主语"使用不定式：it作形式主语，多用不定式，置语句末）It is hard to find a true friend.It is impolite to talk with your mouth full."使用-ing(1) 在句首时Shopping is her best way to relax herself.Missing the train means waiting for another hour.Developing the economy and protecting the environment can be possible at the same time.(2) 前有所有格修饰时Her swimming has improved quickly since she started training every day.The president’s attending the meeting himself gave them a great deal of encouragement.（3）在以下固定句型中（虽以it做形式主语,也用-ing））It is no good/use persuading him to change his mind.It is worth reading all the Chinese famous novels.2、表语" My job is to teach you English.=My job is teaching you English."The news is exciting/surprising/shocking……3、定语"使用不定式：（1）在以下句型中, 常用不定式表将来（主动形式表被动意义）We still have a long way to go. (have sth to do)There is a long way to go. (there be… to do)With a lot of homework to do, I have to stay home all day. (with sth to do) （2）有序数词first, second,…last 修饰的名词后He was determined not to be the first one to voice opinions."使用-ing：（1）表____________a developing country the fast-growing economy a sleeping boy the rising sunDo you know the person talking to the headteacher now?= Do you know the person who are talking to the headteacher now?（2）表_____________Those wishing to join this club should sign here.= Those who wish to join this club should sign here.Everyone attending the meeting agreed to the plan.= Everyone who attended the meeting agreed to the plan.（3）表_____________an interesting story exciting news puzzling lights confusingrules disappointing results（4）表_____________a swimming pool a walking stick a writing desk a smoking area a changing room4、宾语"使用不定式：在某些动词后He wishes to sleep at least for 8 hours every day.My father promised to buy me a cellphone if I got straight A in SAT.He pretended to be asleep when I approached her.后接不定式作宾语的动词还有：______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ __________________________________"使用-ing（1）在某些动词后He is considering changing for a new job.后接-ing作宾语的动词还有：______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ __________________________________（2）在介词后She relaxes herself by shopping。
动词不定式与现在分词的区别
一、动词不定式与-ING分词的区别1.作宾语时，-ING分词表示抽象的、大凡性或习惯性的和持续性的动作，而不定式则表示某次详尽动作，特别是将来的动作I like playing football.I would like to play football this afternoon.1) The school cannot tolerateon exams.［A］cheating［B］to cheat［C］be cheated［D］being cheated2) News of success keepsin.［A］pouring［B］to pour［C］poured［D］to be pouring3) Long［A］before the dawn［B］of recorded［C］history, humans celebrated to harvest［D］their crops.2.作定语时，-ING表示正在进行的动作，用-ING的完成时表示动作的完成；不定式表示未来发生4) We were overjoyed at the news of Chinaanother man-made satellite.［A］having launched［B］to have launched［C］to launch［D］launched5) The applicants interviewing［A］are required to［B］bring all the necessary papers［C］two days later［D］.6) Sorghum(高梁) leaves［A］occasionally contain［B］enough hydrocyanic acid killing［C］livestock(牲畜)［D］.3.当谓语动词是进行时的时候，用不定式而不用-ING分词作宾语It“s beginning to snow you.It starts raining.I“m considering how to go(where to go, what to do).I considered emplying Mr.Wang but decided that Mr.Chen was more suited to the job.4.在remember,forget等词后，如果跟-ING分词，表示-ING分词的动作发生在主要谓语之前；如果跟不定式则表示不定式的动作发生在主要谓语动作之后I remember telling her that last night. (“告诉”发生在“记得”之前)He remembered to tell her that when she came back. (“记得”发生在“告诉”之前)I“m sorry I forgot to give you the message. (主语动词表示的动作“忘记”发生在不定式表示的动作“给带口信”之前)Why! I have such a bad memory. I forgot giving the message last night. (-ING分词示的动作“给带口信”发生在谓语动词表的动作“忘记”之前)5. stop, go on和leave off之后跟接动词不定式和-ING分词所表达的意义有所不同They stopped (talking) to work.［停下(其他动作)来工作］They stopped working.［停下工作(来干其他动作)］Workers went on discussing the problem.［工人继续讨论这一问题］Workers went on to discuss the problem.［工人们停下来其他事，继续讨论这一问题］He left off writing.［他停下写作(去干其他事)］He left off to write.［他停下(其他事)来写作］6.…used to后跟不定式和-ING分词，后跟不定式有两种情况：一种是used to是不变用法表示“过去经常干……”；另外一种情况是use的被动词态“be used”后跟不定式；后跟-ING分词的情况有一种，那就是当used to中的used是形容词时，to后跟名词或-ING分词7) When he was in the plastic plant, he together with the workers.［A］has worked［B］had worked［C］had been worked［D］used to work8) You will soon this climate and then the changes in temperature will not affect you.［A］get used to［B］get to［C］get over［D］get on with9) Mr. Anderson used to jogging［A］in the crisp morning［B］air during［C］the wintermonths［D］, but now he has stopped.7.大凡情况下，for后边跟接there to be,而of后边则跟接there being10) It is fairly common in Africa for there an ensemble of expert musicians surrounded by otherswho join in by clapping, singing, or somehow adding to the totality of musical sound.［A］to be［B］being［C］to have been［D］having been8. be＋形容词后面要跟动词不定式作状语，而不用-INGIt is very difficult to manage the company.二、-ING分词与-ED分词的区别虽然在语法功能上，-ED分词在句子中所能承担的成分基本与-ING分词相同，但在意义上两者有差别：-ING分词表示主动的意义，而-ED分词则表示被动的意义；-ING分词表示大凡性的或正在进行的动作，而-ED分词则表示已经完成和被动的动作。
动词不定式与动词-ing形式
动词不定式与动词-ing形式（最新版）编制人：__________________审核人：__________________审批人：__________________编制单位：__________________编制时间：____年____月____日序言下载提示：该文档是本店铺精心编制而成的，希望大家下载后，能够帮助大家解决实际问题。
文档下载后可定制修改，请根据实际需要进行调整和使用，谢谢!并且，本店铺为大家提供各种类型的经典范文，如词性大全、句法大全、句型大全、从句大全、时态大全、语态大全、语法大全、虚拟语气、用法辨析、其他资料等等，想了解不同范文格式和写法，敬请关注!Download tips: This document is carefully compiled by this editor.I hope that after you download it, it can help you solve practical problems. The document can be customized and modified after downloading, please adjust and use it according to actual needs, thank you!In addition, this shop provides you with various types of classic sample essays, such as part of speech, syntax, sentence pattern, clause, tense, voice, grammar, subjunctive, usage analysis, other materials, etc. If you want to know the different formats and writing methods of the model essay, please pay attention!动词不定式与动词-ing形式动词不定式和动词-ing形式不能单独作谓语，在使用时分别有下面几点需要注意：（一）动词不定式1．feel, hear, listen to 等感观动词和 have, let , make 等使役动词后的补足语，在主动语态中，不定式不带to；在被动语态中，则必须带to。
动词-ing与不定式区别
动词-ing形式与不定式的区别1.作主语和表语的区别动词-ing 作主语或表语表示的动作比较抽象,时间概念不强动词不定式表示的动作往往是具体的一次行为,尤其是指将来的动作Smoking is forbidden here.(该指任何人抽烟的行为)It’s no good for you to smoke so much.(具体指你抽烟的行为)Her job is keeping the office clean. (经常性的动作)Her job this afternoon is to clean the office. (具体的一次行为)2.作定语的区别–ing 形式表示正在进行的动作,不定式表示将要发生的动作The old man sitting at the table wears a white shirtThe students to be interviewed are required to bring all the necessary papers two days later。
3.作宾语的区别⑴.只能用动词不定式作宾语:afford,fail, wish,agree, ask, demand, determine, attempt, manage, plan, offer等⑵.只能用动词-ing 形式作宾语admit.avoid.enjoy.finish.keep.miss.practise.suggest.allow.appreciate.consider.risk.mind 等⑶.即可用动词-ing形式也可用不定式作宾语a.意义相差不大(一)一些表示喜好或开始动作的动词,如:like,love,hate,prefer,intend,begin,start,continue等注:当begin和start使用进行时态时,后面常用不定式,另外动词understand,realize,see 在begin和start之后,也常用不定式She was beginning to get angry在like , love , hate , prefer 等词后,动词-ing 形式常表示某种习惯或爱好,而不定式多表示某个即将发生的具体行为。
动词不定式和ing形式
动词不定式和ing形式动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，因此，在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。
1.常跟不定式作宾语的动词有want(想、要)，love(喜欢)，begin(开始)，need(需)，learn(学会)，agree(同意)，decide(决定)，hope(希望)，start(开始)，refuse(拒绝)等。
I…m learning to skate on real ice. 我正在真正的冰上学滑冰。
[特别提醒](1)不定式短语作宾语时，如果还带有宾语补足语，通常用it作形式宾语，而不定式短语放在宾语补足语之后。
He found it very difficult to get to sleep. 他发现难以入睡。
(2)begin(开始)，start(开始)，like(喜欢)，hate(憎恨)，love(喜爱)可以接动词不定式或-ing形式作宾语，意思一般没有区别。
但like后接-ing形式指经常性的动作; 接不定式，指一时间、一次性的动作。
I like having a twin sister. 我喜欢有个孪生姐妹。
I like to have a twin sister. 我现在想有个孪生姐妹。
(3)stop(停止)，forget(忘记)，remember(记得)，try(试)，go on(继续)等动词接不定式和-ing形式意义有区别。
试比较：stop to do sth.停下来去做另一件事stop doing sth.停止(正在)做某事forget to do sth.忘记去做某事(还未做)forget doing sth.忘记做过某事(已经做)remember to do sth.记住去做某事(还未做)remember doing sth.记住曾做过某事try to do sth.试图要做某事try doing sth.试着做某事go on to do sth.接着做另一件事(已做完一件)go on doing sth.继续做(原来未做完的)某件事She stopped crying and listened to the music. = She stopped to listen to the music. 她停止哭闹，听音乐了。
非谓语动词中ING分词及不定式用法的区别
非谓语动词中ING分词与不定式用法的区别非谓语动词主要包括不定式、动名词和现在分词。
为了区分这三种不同的非谓语动词的用法和含义，我们将分别从三种非谓语动词在句子中做主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语、表语以及一些特殊结构句型等角度来区分其用法和细微含义。
1.不定式和动名词作主语的区别（1）动名词作主语通常表示抽象动作；而不定式作主语表示具体动作。
Smoking is prohibited（禁止）here.这里禁止抽烟。
（抽象）It is not very good for you to smoke so much.你抽这么多烟对你身体很不好。
（具体）（2）动名词作主语时，通常用以表示一件已知的事或经验。
不定式短语通常用来表示一件未完成的事或目的。
Climbing mountains is interesting.爬山很有趣。
（经验）Driving a car during the rush hour is tiring.在高峰时刻开车令人厌烦。
（经验）（3）不定式做主语，一般用it当形式主语，把作主语的不定式短语后置。
It took me only five minutes to finish the job.2.不定式、动名词和分词作表语的区别（1）不定式作表语1）不定式作表语一般表示具体动作，特别是表示将来的动作。
To do two things at a time is to do neither.-次做两件事等于未做。
What I would suggest is to start work at once.我的建议是立刻开始干。
2）如果主语是不定式（表示条件），表语也是不定式（表示结果）。
To see is to believe.百闻不如一见。
To work means to earn a living.工作就是为了生活。
3）如果主语是以aim，duty，hope，idea，happiness，job，plan，problem，purpose，thing，wish等为中心的名词，或以what引导的名词性从句，不定式作表语是对主语起补充说明作用。
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动词后用“ING形式”还是“动词不定式”？
一，有些动词即可跟ING形式，又可跟动词不定式，通常意思不一样。
最重要的动词如下advise, allow, attempt, can't bear, begin, continue, forbid, forget, go on, hate, hear, intend,
like, love, permit, prefer, propose, regret, remember, see, start, s top, try, watch
某些形容词的用法也这样：
accustomed, afraid, certain, interested sorry, sure, used
二，与remember, forget, stop, go on和regret连用时，其区别与时间有关联。
带ing 形式指的是发生较早的事（在remembering, forgetting等等之前发生的事）；动词不定式指的是发生在remembering 等之后的事。
"remember + doing"指记得已经做了的事或已经发生的事。
"remember + to do"指记得需要做的事。
“forget + doing"指忘记已做的事或已发生的事。
"forget + to do"指忘记要做的事。
“stop + doing"指停下经常做或正在做的事。
"stop + to do" 指中断下来或停下来，以便做某事。
"go on + doing"指继续做一直在做的事。
"go on + to don"指变换下改做另一件事。
"regret + doing" 指对已发生的事感到遗憾。
"regret + to do" 指对将要说出的话感到歉意。
三，与形容词 interested 连用时，带ING形式指将要（或可能）发生的事，而动词不定式指已经发生的事。
interested in doing是对做某事的想法感兴趣。
interested doing是对所了解的事或经历的事感兴趣。
like doing (=enjoy)
I like walking in the rain.(也可以用动词不定式表达这个意思尤其是在美国英语中）like to do (=choose to ;be in the habit of; think it right to)
I like to get up early.
I didn't like to disturb you.
注意：would like的意思是wish 或want,后面永远跟动词不定式。
四，与love, hate, prefer 连用时，两种无大区别。
不过在指特定场合时更常用不定式。
allow, advise, forbid 和permit在不以人作宾语的情况下，后面跟带ING形式。
如说明了谁得到允许，受到劝告等时用不定式。
Sorry, we don't allow smoking in the reading room.
We don't allow people to smoke in here.
I wouldn't advise taking the car----there's nowhere to park.
I wouldn't advise you to take the car....
五，在see, watch, hear 之后用带ing形式，表示我们观察到了整个动作的一部分；当我们开始看或听见时，动作早已在进行。
当我们表示一个动作自始至终的全过程时，就用动词不定式。
When I walked past his house I heard him practising the violin.
I heard him play the Beethoven violin concerto last week.
try + doing 意思是“试一试，或做某事，以观察会发生什么事。
”
I tried sending her flowers but it didn't have any effect.
Try putting in some more salt-----that might make it taste a bit better.
try + to do 意思是做一番努力；试图做某种困难的事。
Please try to understand.
I once tried to learn Japanese
六，afraid of doing和afraid to do在意思上没有多少区别。
I'm afraid to fly/of flying.
I'm afraid to tell/ of telling her.
如果谈论那些我们自己并不希望也不能决定而突然发生在我们头上的事情，则只能用带ing 形式。
I'm afraid of crashing.(不能说... to crash.)
I don't like to speak French because I'm afraid of making mistakes.(不能说：... to make mistakes.)
试比较一下：
I'm afraid of diving/to dive into the swimming pool.(= I don't want to do it.) I'm afraid of falling into the swimming pool.(=I don't want it to happen to me.这里不能说：... to fall ....)
八，当我们为正在做或将要做的事表示歉意时，就用sorry带一动词不定式。
当我们为做了某事而道歉时就用动词不定式的完成式，或用for doing, 或that 从句。
Sorry to have woken you up yesterday.
I'm sorry for waking you up (or: for having woken you up.) yesterday
I'm sorry that I woke you up yesterday.
be certain/sure to do sth.意思是“肯定会做某事”。
讲的是将要发生的事。
be certain/sure of doing sth.意思是“觉得肯定要做某事”（但这种想法可能是错的）。
讲的是某人的思想状态。
Manchester are certain/sure to win: the other team haven't got a chance.
Before the game started Alan felt quite sure/certain of winning, but after the first five minutes he began to lose confidence。