过去分词作定语和表语1
过去分词作定语和表语
过去分词作定语和表语The final revision was on November 23, 2020过去分词作定语和表语一、过去分词作定语★及物动词的过去分词作定语时，一般表被动的和完成的动作；而不及物动词的过去分词作定语时，只表示完成的动作。
如：Joe always has milk and fried egg for breakfast.How much does the finished product costThe path is covered by fallen leaves.My new neighbour is a seventy-three-year-old retired teacher from?Florida.★单个的过去分词作定语一般放在被修饰词之前；过去分词短语作定语要放在被修饰词之后，其作用相当于一个定语从句。
如：You can use fresh or frozen fish.What is the language spoken in that country = What is the language that is spoken in that countryThe play put on by the teachers was a big success. = The play that had been put on by the teachers was a big success.注意：★如果被修饰的词是由every / some / any / no + thing / body / one所构成的复合代词时，即使是单个的过去分词作定语，也要放在被修饰词之后。
如：There isn't anything left in that desk.★过去分词短语有时还可用作非限制性定语，相当于一个非限制性定语从句，前后用逗号隔开。
如：Some of them, born and brought up in rural villages, have never seen a train. = Some of them, who were born and brought up in rural villages, have never seen a train. 【拓展】done, to be done和being done作定语的区别：它们都可作定语，表示被动意义，但时间含义上有所不同。
何韦(语法)过去分词作定语和表语
e.g.：How I regretted the hours
wasted in the woods!
e.g.： I like this kind of
wcleoathri．ng
clothes
made
of
e.g.：The books written by Mo Yan are popular．
e.hg.u：ndWreed’sllogfoyteoarvsisaitgtoh．e bridge built
She looked w_o_rr_ied.
IHaemw—ainstl_e—or_sets—itnedthinouthghetb. ook. The door remained l_oc_k_ed_.
• •
TThheeystgoortym—isa—erxrcieitdinfigv.eYyoeuaarsreage_xo_c. it_ed
一个受伤的手指 an injured finger 一枚破损的硬币 a broken coin 一支点燃的蜡烛 a lighted candle
注意：过去分词作定语时，有时只有 被动意义。
e.g. : spoken English英语口语
written exercises 书面练习
少数表示位移或状态改变的 不及物动词的过去分词只有完成的意义
• We were __b_o_r_e_d_(bore) at the football V-ginagm作e. 表语修饰物，翻译为“令人感到---”
V-ed 作表语修饰人，翻译为“感到---”P(17)
1. As we joined the big crowd , I got _____ from my friends
g 过去分词作表语和定语
过去分词作表语和定语山东省日照市东港区南湖中心初中刘锐276817rzliurui@ rzliurui2010@一、过去分词作表语1）过去分词常在系动词后面作表语，例如：One quarter of the shores of the Mediterranean are polluted.（见课文）He must be lost.（见课文）He seems disappointed.当过去分词作表语时，它和主语之间存在被动关系。
例如在One quarter of the shores of the Mediterranean are polluted.这个句子中，显然有“海岸被污染”的含义，也就是说，shore和polluted构成被动的逻辑关系。
但是过去分词作表语只表示一种状态，而被动语态却表示具体的被动动作。
比较：The glass is broken. （表语；表示状态）The glass was broken by Tom. （被动语态；表示具体动作）Thank heavens! The boy is saved. （表语；表示状态）The boy was saved by a young farmer.（被动语态；表示具体动作）2）很多作表语的过去分词几乎已经变成了形容词，例如：Interested （感兴趣的），excited （激动的），tired （疲劳的），surprised （惊讶的），disappointed（失望的），drunk（醉的），pleased（高兴的），worried（忧虑的），experienced（有经验的），satisfied（满意的），decided（确定的），unmarried（未婚的）等等。
这些过去分词中，很多都用来描写人们的心情、感觉等方面的状况。
例如：The teacher was pleased with what he had done.Are you disappointed at the result of the game?二、过去分词作定语1）当过去分词作定语时，它和被修饰名词之间一般说来构成被动关系。
过去分词作表语,定语,宾语补足语及状语
过去分词作表语，定语，宾语补足语及状语一．过去分词作表语1.表语：系动词后面的部分；e.g. He is a good student.That sounds good.2.过去分词作表语(1)用法：一般用来表示感受或状态（系动词+ 过去分词）e.g. No wonder he is excited!(2)可以用作表语的常见的过去分词有：delighted, disappointed,upset, astonished, excited, frightened, experienced, interested, qualified, puzzled, exhausted, satisfied3.用所给词的适当形式填空：(1) But he became ________(inspire)when he thought about helping ordinary people.(2) He got__________ (interest)in two theories explaining how cholera killed people.(3) Neither its cause, nor its cure was __________(understand).(4) He got ______________(blame) about losing the money.(5) The painter looked so _____(tire) after working for a whole day.(6) I was ___________ (disappoint)with the film I saw last night. I had expected it to be better.(7) Everybody was _________(shock)to hear of the death of thefamous film star.(8) Everybody is really _______(excite) about the new Olympic stadiums.(9) His wound became _______ (infect)with a new virus.(10) They were ________(prepare) to accept my idea.(11) I’ll be _________(interest) to know how they mad the wonderful fireworks.(12) The mayor said that he was _______ (worry)about the _________(continue) rise of the water level in the river bed.(13) Most of the newspaper seems to be _________ (concern)with pop stars.(14) He was _________ (frighten)of going alone into the empty house.二．过分去分词作定语1 过去分词的形式: done2过去分词的用法：一般表示完成的、被动的动作。
过去分词作定语,表语,宾语补足语
过去分词作定语过去分词是非谓语动词的一种。
从语法功能分析，过去分词兼有动词，形容词或副词的特性，可在句中充当定语，表语，宾语补足语或状语。
考点1. 过去分词作定语1.过去分词作定语的位置1）单个过去分词：一般情况下。
单个过去分词作前置定语，即放在所修饰词之前。
有时为了表示强调，也可放在所修饰词之后。
A watched pot never boils. 心急锅不开。
（谚语）Money spent is more than money earned。
花的钱比挣的钱多。
2）过去分词短语：过去分词短语往往作后置定语，即放在所修饰词之后。
This will be the best novel of its kind of ever written. 这部小说将是这类小说中写得最好的。
This is the soldier wounded in the battle. 这就是战斗中受伤的战士。
真题链接After completing and signing it, please return the form to us in the envelope _______.A. providingB. providedC. have providedD. provide2.过去分词作定语的时态和语态意义1）及物动词的过去分词作定语通常表示被动和完成，即被修饰词通常是过去分词所表示的动作的承受着，且该动作已经完成。
The question discussed yesterday. 昨天讨论的那个问题。
The person killed last year. 去年被杀的那个人。
2）不及物动词的过去分词作定语仅表示完成，不表示被动。
Autumn comes, and there are many fallen leaves in the yard. 秋天来了，院子里有许多落叶。
When I got up and went into the yard, I saw the risen sun. 当我起床并走进院子时，我看到太阳已经升起来了。
过去分词作表语和定语的区别(一)
过去分词作表语和定语的区别（一）一、注意分清过去分词应前置还是后置在通常情况下，单个的过去分词作定语，通常应放在被修饰名词之前。
如：This part of the exam requires a written answer. 这部份考题需要书面作答。
Women are limited to the more poorly paid jobs. 女性仅限于做一些薪水较低的工作。
但是，如果是过去分词短语用作定语，应置于所修饰的名词之后。
如：There is a red car parked outside the house. 房子外边停着一辆红色汽车。
The system used in this school is very successful. 这学校使用的系统很成功。
注意，有时单个的过去分词用作定语也可放在其所修饰的词语之后，出现这种情况多半是有特殊原因的，比如受过去分词修饰的名词或代词可能不适合接受前置定语的修饰，或者说话者为了强调动作的暂时性，为了句子结构的平衡，等等。
如：The experience gained will be of great value to us. 取得的经验对我们将很有价值。
We couldn’t agree on any of the problems discussed. 我们未能就所讨论的任何问题达成协议。
二、注意分清用过去分词还是现在分词有些成对使用的过去分词和现在分词（如interested与interesting），从用法上看，它们虽然是分词的形式，但具有形容词的特点，都可用作表语和定语，注意它们在用法上的区别：过去分词通常用于说明人自身的感受，通常译为“（人）感到……的”；而现在分词则通常用于说明事物给人的感受，通常译为“令人感到……的”。
如：Interested members will meet at two. 感兴趣的会员两点钟碰头。
过去分词作定语和表语
① How did the audience receive the new play? They got very excited. ② How did Bob do in the exams this time? Well, his father seems pleased with his results. ③She was very disappointed to hear the result.
an old man supported by his son
a school built for orphans
过去分词作定语也可用作非限制性定 语，前后用逗号隔开。
The books, written by Guo Jingming, are very popular with teenagers. 这些书是郭敬明写的，深受青少年的 喜爱。 Some of them, born and brought up in rural villages, had never been to Beijing. 他们中的一些人，在农村出生并长大，从 没去过北京.
过去分词和现在分词在做定语时的区别：
1.语态上 现在分词: 表示主动的动作 过去分词: 表示被动的动作
He is the man swimming in the river just now. He was reading a novel written by Charles Dickens.
2.时间上
提出/促进/拨快 put forward 得出结论 draw a conclusion 显露；暴露于 expose…to… 和…联系/连接 link…to… 挑战某人干某事 challenge sb. to do... 专心于 be absorbed in 应受责备/应该负责 be to blame (for…) 在…方面是专家/熟悉be expert in/at… 服侍;照料 attend (on) 注意;照顾;处理 attend to 治愈某人的疾病 cure sb. of sth. suspect sb. of (doing) sth. 怀疑某人做某事
过去分词作定语和表语
过去分词作定语和表语过去分词作定语和表语过去分词是⾮谓语动词的⼀种形式，表⽰动作的被动和完成，在句中可做定语、状语、表语和宾语补⾜语。
这⾥主要讲解过去分词作定语和表语。
⼀、过去分词作定语1.过去分词作定语的位置(1)单个的过去分词作定语，通常放在被修饰的名词之前。
The broken clock should be repaired as soon as possible.这个坏了的钟表应该尽快修好。
The injured workers are now being taken good care of in the hospital.受伤的⼯⼈正在医院受到良好的照料。
（2）过去分词短语作定语时，通常放在被修饰的名词之后，它的作⽤想当与⼀个定语从句。
This will be the best novel of its kind ever written.这将是这类⼩说中写得最好的。
提醒:（1）有些单个的过去分词，在习惯上往往放在被修饰词后⾯。
There is little time left, let’s hurry up.剩余的时间不多了，我们赶快吧。
②过去分词修饰代词时，应置于被修饰词之后。
He is one of those invited.他是那些被邀请的⼈之⼀。
③有些过去分词作定语，前置和后置意义不同。
试⽐较：this is a used car.这是⼀辆旧车。
The method used is very efficient.所⽤的这个⽅法很有效。
2.过去分词作⾮限制性定语。
过去分词作⾮限制性定语，⽤来补充说明被修饰词的情况，前⾯常⽤逗号与被修饰的成分隔开。
A girl, dressed like a student,came in and sat beside me.⼀位学⽣打扮的⼥孩⾛进来，坐在我的旁边。
3.过去分词作定语时的意义不及物动词的过去分词作定语，只表⽰动作已完成，不表⽰被动的意义；及物动词的过去分词作定语表⽰被动意义或已经完成的被动动作。
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Twenty Years Later Twenty years later, I’ll be a retired teacher Seated by the side of a clear river Watching the risen sun in summer Enjoying the fallen leaves in autumn And appreciating faded flowers in winter Twenty years later, I’ll be a lady contented with life Accompanied by another day dreamer Dreaming there’s no polluted water admiring sunshine on my shoulder ***过去分词充当 (Attributive)定语 1.少数不及物动词的过去分词只有________的意义。 完成 2.及物动词的过去分词含有________________的意义; 被动及完成
3. He immediately told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the handle from the pump … 4. With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with certainty that polluted water carried the
1. But he became inspired when he
thought about helping ordinary
people exposed to cholera.
2. He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London.
1. As is known to us all, traveling is____, but we often feel_____ when we are back from travels. A. interesting; tired B. interested; tiring. C. interesting; tiring D. interested; tired 2. Hearing the___ news, we all felt____ A. encouraging; encouraging B. encouraged; encouraged C. encouraged; encouraging D. encouraging; encouraged
考点点拨
1. The Olympic Games, ___ in 776 B. C.,
didn’t include women until 1912.
A. first playing
B. to be first played
C. first played D.பைடு நூலகம்to be playing
3. Most of the artists ____ to the party were from South Africa. A. invited C. being invited B. to invite D. had been invited
C 过去分词作定语时时，相当于一 个定语从句
e.g. How I regretted the hours wasted in the farm! How I regretted the hours (which were) wasted in the farm! I like wearing clothes made of this kind of cloth. I like wearing clothes (which were) made of this kind of cloth. We’ll go to visit the bridge built hundreds of years ago. We’ll go to visit the bridge (which was ) built hundreds of years ago.
可以改写成__________。 定语从句
现在分词和过去分词 做定语，有何区别呢 ？
区别 1 fallen leaves
falling leaves
boiling water boiled water the rising sun the risen sun
正在沸腾的水 已经烧开的水 正在升起的太阳 升起了的太阳
V-ed V-ing
感到…的 令人…的
an inspiring speech 鼓舞人心的演说 the inspired audience 受鼓舞的听众
a frightening tiger 可怕的老虎 a frightened look/expression 害怕的表情
区别
①过去分词做定语：表完成。
a used stamp
一枚破损的硬币 a broken coin
一名退休教师 a retired teacher
一个受伤的手指 an injured finger
一个醉鬼 a drunken man
Past Participle as the Attributive Example: So many thousands of terrified people died … Now find more examples in the reading passage.
V-ing表动作正在进行， V-ed表动作已经完成
the changing world （正在变化的） the changed world （变化了的）
fading flowers （正在凋谢的） faded flowers （已经凋谢的） a developing country （发展中的） a developed country （发达的）
3. Will you attend the meeting ________ on Saturday? 将要发生的动作 A. held B. being held C. to be held D. hold
4. The woman ____a lesson is our teacher. A. giving B. given C. to give D. give
少数表示位移或状态改变的不及物动词
的过去分词只有完成的意义。
a fallen leave 一片落叶 the risen sun 升起来的太阳 the advanced countries 发达国家 a retired teacher 一名退休教师 by-gone days 过去的岁月
B 过去分词作定语的位置： 单个过去分词作定语，通常放在被修饰 词之前。过去分词短语作定语通常放在 被修饰词之后，作后置定语。
1.The book (which was) accomplished last week (上周 _______________________________ 完成的) tells the struggle of the miners. (accomplish) 2.The boy (who was/has been) defeated at chess (下 ________________________________ 棋输了的) is my brother. (defeat) 3.He was inspired when he thought about helping the soldiers (who were) exposed to radiation (暴露在辐 ___________________________ 射中的). (expose) 4. The plan (which was) put forward 提出) at the _____________________( meeting just now hasn’t been decided. (put) (who has been) blamed for being late 5.The boy _________________________________(因 迟到而受到责备的) is weeping now. (blame) 6.Li Hua,____________________________________ (who has been) cured of the bad habit of ________ (已改掉喝酒的坏习惯), is in good health now. drinking (cure)
简析: 该题应选A。测试过去分词作后置 定语表达被动, 等于定语从句who were invited。
4. The computer centre, ___ last year, is very popular among the students in this school. A. open B. opening C. having opened D. opened 简析: 该题应选D。测试过去分词短语作 定语放在所修饰的名词后, 可以用非限 制 性定语从句“which was opened last year”代替。
Unit 1 Grammar
The Past Participle (1) as the Attributive and Predicative
Polluted air and water are harmful to our health. attribute定语 She looked very excited. predicative 表语
I'm going to have my hair cut. object complement