论文提纲范文样本
文学论文提纲范文样本
文学论文提纲范文样本一、引言。
1.研究背景，《红楼梦》是中国古典文学的经典之作，被誉为中国四大名著之一，贾宝玉是其中的主要人物之一。
2.研究意义，通过对贾宝玉形象的分析，可以深入了解《红楼梦》的内涵和作者的创作意图，同时也可以从中发现中国古典文学中的人物形象塑造技巧。
二、贾宝玉形象的塑造。
1.家庭背景，贾宝玉出身于贾府，是贾母的宠儿，家族地位显赫。
2.性格特点，贾宝玉性情多变，善良聪慧，却也有些软弱和情感用事。
3.与其他人物的关系，贾宝玉与林黛玉、薛宝钗等人有着复杂的情感纠葛，这些关系也影响着他的性格和命运。
三、贾宝玉形象的意义。
1.对爱情的追求，贾宝玉在小说中对爱情有着执着的追求，同时也展现了中国古代男性对爱情的理解和表达方式。
2.对家族命运的反思，贾宝玉的命运与贾府的衰落有着密切的联系，他的形象也反映了中国古代家族观念和宿命论的影响。
3.对人性的探讨，贾宝玉的形象也是对人性的深刻探讨，他的软弱和情感用事展现了人性的复杂性和脆弱性。
四、贾宝玉形象的评价。
1.文学意义，贾宝玉是中国古典文学中的经典形象，他的形象塑造展现了作者对人物的细腻描写和对人性的深刻洞察。
2.社会意义，贾宝玉的形象也反映了中国古代社会的一些特点和价值观念，对于研究中国古代社会和文化具有重要意义。
五、结论。
1.总结贾宝玉形象的特点和意义，指出其在《红楼梦》中的重要地位。
2.展望对贾宝玉形象研究的未来方向，指出还有待深入挖掘的问题和价值。
通过对贾宝玉形象的分析，可以更好地理解《红楼梦》这部经典之作，也可以从中发现中国古典文学的魅力和深刻的人性描写。
希望本文的研究能够为《红楼梦》的研究和中国古典文学的传承贡献一份力量。
努力的议论文作文提纲5篇范文模板
努力的议论文作文提纲5篇范文模板每一位人想要成功都不是轻而易举的，都必须要付出努力，坚持不懈才行，就像蝉一样努力奋斗一生而成功。
下面给大家整理努力的议论文作文提纲，希望大家喜欢！努力的议论文作文提纲1“世上无难事，只怕有心人。
”做任何事只要努力，就能成功。
其实很简单。
今年，钢琴老师开始教我弹十级的曲子了，打开10级的曲子，“天哪!这么多!”其中有练习曲、赋格、《浏阳河》三首。
每首曲子都有好多页，而且指法都不一样。
我心想：十级的曲子好难呀，我肯定弹不会。
钢琴老师似乎看出来了我的心思。
连忙安慰我说：“不要着急，慢慢弹，你肯定会弹的。
”听钢琴老师这么一说，我应该要试试，不然，怎么知道可不可以弹会呢?钢琴老师先教我弹了练习曲的前两页。
看着老师熟练的指法，听着优美的琴声，我陶醉了，要是能想钢琴老师那样就好了。
轮到我弹了，刚开始的时候老是弹不准。
一会儿是升降记号忘记，一会儿是指法出错，总之，问题很多。
这时，钢琴老师又告诉我：“你先把有升降记号的地方用红笔标起来，慢慢练，会弹的熟练的。
”回到家，打开十级的曲子，我按照老师讲的，用红笔把有升降记号的地方标了出来。
可是，音找对了，指法还是容易错。
弹了一会儿，我开始抱怨了：“烦死了，指法太难了，弹错一个音，还要重弹。
”这是妈妈走过来了说：“不要着急，你可以两行两行的弹，弹熟了再连起来。
”听了妈妈这样说，我又开始重新弹。
果然，这样的方法特别好，一会儿就连起来了。
是的，把大目标分解成小目标，每个小目标就能很快完成。
看来，的确如此。
通过这次弹琴，我明白了，如果我们能够正确面对困难，困难其实很简单。
当你们遇到困难的时候，要善于想办法去克服，困难其实没有那么难。
努力的议论文作文提纲2每个人都是万千星辰里的一颗星，虽然都不能照亮这广阔的星空，但是，我们仍然可以照亮自己的那一片天地。
——题记现在，我们都处于一个大好的年华，我们需要努力让自己的那一颗星星散发出最夺目的光彩。
遇到困难不放弃，不退缩，迎难而上，拥抱自己的人生。
英语论文提纲范例大全13篇
英语论文范文精选篇一Chapter OneINTRODUCTION1.1 Research BackgroundHigh proficiency in writing is a key to success in a wide variety of situations andprofessions; meanwhile it is of critical importance for students to apply for promising jobs.Writing skills for university students are among the overwhelming indicators of success inacademic work during their freshmen year of college (Geiser & Studley, 2001). Writingskills for professionals are critical for their daily work and essential for application andpromotion within their disciplines (Light, 2008). Writing induces the capability ofconstructing logics, articulating ideas, debating opinions, and sharpening multipleperspectives. As a result, effective writing is conducive to associating convincingly withcommunication targets, including teachers, peers, colleagues, coworkers, and thecommunity at large (Crowhurst, 1990). No wonder that writing skill is an indispensible partto be checked for every test at home and abroad，such as TOELF, lELTS，GRE, BEC，CET4, CET6, TEM4，TEM8 and so on.Notwithstanding such manifestation of the significance of writing, it is reported in the2002 National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) report in the U.S.A. that lessthan a third of students in Grade 4 (28%)，Grade 8 (31%), and Grade 12 (21%) scored at orabove proficient levels，and only 2% wrote at advanced levels for all three samples.Moreover, only 9% of Grade 12 Black students and only 28% of Grade 12 White studentswere able to write at a proficient level (National Center for Educational Statistics, 2003).……………1.2 Significance of the ResearchBased on the CET 4 and CET6 compositions extracted from the CLEC，the study aimsto reveal the relationship between the linguistic features and the writing quality by meansof the advanced software，namely Lexical Frequency Profile, Coh-Metrix3.0 and L2Syntactic Complexity Analyzer for the analysis of vocabulary, syntax and textual cohesion.This study will be of great value mainly for the following two aspects:Firstly, theoretically speaking, the study is going to offer guidance and reference forthe teachingmethodology of L2 writing. The study reveals the contribution of lexicaldiversity, syntactic complexity, textual cohesion to writing quality, reflects the mostdecisive factor of the writing quality and analyzes the mutual relationship between thelexical diversity and quality of writing, the syntactic complexity and quality of writing aswell as the textual cohesion and quality of writing. Hopefully, this research will shedsome light on the instruction of CET 4 and 6 writing and provide practical advice.Secondly, practically speaking, the study demonstrates a new direction for thedevelopment of automatic assessment of the writing. The study is to be carried out bothby means of software and labor work to comprehensively examine more than 28variables that might have an impact on writing quality and build the relation modelbetween these related variables and writing scores. ……………Chapter TwoLITERATURE REVIEW2.1 Lexical Features and Quality of WritingIn the process of L2 writing，students are always perplexed by vocabulary. Leki&Carson (1994) surveyed 128 L2 learners to know about their feelings on the courseEnglish for Academic Purposes (EAP). It is discovered that the strongest zeal for studentsis to improve their language proficiency, especially lexical proficiency. Jordan (1997)obtained the similar conclusion in his study on Chinese students in UK applying for theirmaster degrees, 62% of whom regarded vocabulary as their biggest problem in the processof English writing. Over the past two decades，researchers have attached more and more importance toL2vocabulary studies. As an important element of language proficiency, lexical proficiency isdefined from different perspectives and evaluated by a series of measurements. Meanwhile, lexical proficiency, to a large extent, is embodied by lexical features. As a matter of fact,studies on lexical features have received more and more attention from home and abroadresearchers mainly focusing on total words, lexical diversity (LD) or lexical richness (LR)and lexical complexity (LC), among which lexical diversity or lexical richness has gainedmore popularity for lexical proficiency study.……………2.2 Syntactic Features and Quality of WritingSyntactic complexity (also called syntactic maturity，or linguistic complexity)，isimportant in the prediction of the quality of student writings. Wolfe-Quintero et al. (1998)pointed out that a syntactically complex writer uses a wide variety of both basic andsophisticated structures，while a syntactically simple writer uses only a narrow range ofbasic structures. In the past half century, researchers adopted many different indices tostudy the syntactic complexity and attempted to find out the relationship among the scores,the grades, the ages and the writing quality. Syntactic complexity is defined as “the range of forms that surface in languageproduction and the degree of sophistication of such forms” (Ortega, 2003). It is animportant factor in the second language assessment construct as described in Bachman's(1990) conceptual model of language ability, and therefore is often used as an index oflanguage proficiency and development status of L2 learners. Various studies have proposedand investigated measures of syntactic complexity as well as examined itspredictivenessfor language proficiency, in both L2 writing and speaking settings, which will be reviewedrespectively.Syntactic complexity is also called syntactic maturity, referring to the range oflanguage production form and the degree of the form complexity. Therefore，the length ofthe production unit, the amount of the sentence embeddedness and the range of thestructure type are all the subjects of the syntactic complexity (Ortega 2003: 492).………CHAPTER THREE METHODOLOGY (20)3.1 Composition Collection (20)3.2 Tools (21)3.3 Variables (23)3.3.1 Dependent variables (25)3.3.2 Independent variables (26)3.4 Data Analysis (28)CHAPTER FOUR DATA ANALYSIS AND RESULTS (30)4.1 Quantitative Differences in High- and Low- Proficiency Writings-1ivviv (30)4.2 Comparison between Quantitative Features of CET4 (38)4.3 Impacts of Quantitative Features on Writing Quality (47)5.1 Lexical Diversity and Writing Quality (47)5.2 Syntactic Complexity and Writing Quality (48)5.3 Textual Cohesion and Writing Quality (49)Chapter FiveDICUSSION5.1 Lexical Diversity and Writing QualityU index assessing lexical diversity has showed significant difference between high-and low-proficiency writing both in CET4 and CET6. It may suggest thathigh-proficiencywritings have displayed more diverse vocabularies, which is different from the study ofWang (2004). In his study, the target students have a similar lexical diversity. Among theindices assessing lexical study in his study, none index has showed significant differencebetween high- and low-proficiency writings or correlated with writings scores. In his study,he explained the possible reason for such a result that there issignificant difference inaverage words. However, this result is probably attributed to his measurement of lexicaldiversity. In his study, TTR was employed as an index of lexical diversity, but asmentioned above, TTR is reliable only when texts have the same length. In Wang's study,texts vary in length; thus longer texts tend to have lower TTR. That is why the relationshipbetween lexical diversity and writing quality is blurred. But in this study, we adopted Uindex to measure lexical diversity in CET compositions, for U index can avoid theweakness of TTR and eliminate the influence of text length. Besides, Liu (2003) studied 57second- year college students in two natural classes and found out that vocabulary size hadno immediate effect on writing score. However, the result that lexical diversity has apositive impact on the quality of writing in this study is in accordance with the study ofMcNamara et al. (2001).……………ConclusionThis study aims to explore the relationship between lexical features and L2 writingquality with the help of Lexical Frequency Profile, the relationship between syntacticfeatures and L2 writing quality through the use of the computational tool L2 SyntacticComplexity Analyzer and the relationship between cohesive features and second languagewriting quality with the help of the computational tool Coh-Metrix3.0. Meanwhile, thestudy gives us information about the textual representation of different writingproficiencies along multiple textual measurements.This section summarizes the major findings of this study and presents theoretical,methodological and pedagogical implications for L2 writing research. Limitation of thepresent study and suggestions for further studies are raised in the end.……………Reference (omitted)英语论文范文精选篇二Chapter One Introduction1.1 Background of the ResearchEnglish writing is an important way of communication, which can enhance the ability oflanguage acquisition in the process of second language learning. As one of the language skills,English writing is very difficult to master. After many years, students still find that their writingis unsatisfactory and have many problems. It is widely acknowledged that much attentionshould be paid to English writing. At present our college English writing teaching is time-consuming and low effectiveness, for teachers spend a lot of time and energy reading andcorrecting students’ compositions, but the efficiency is not high; at the same time, studentsspend a lot of time writing, and the results are not satisfactory.The following conspicuous problems tend to exist in the English writing. First, when givena topic, students tend to think in Chinese and do a translation job. Second, students spend toomuch time avoiding grammatical errors in the process of writing, which leads to the ignoranceof the organization of the compositions in a comprehensive view. Third, enriching the contentduring the writing process is difficult for students, for they fail to support their viewpointswithappropriate examples and strong arguments. English writing is the weakest part in Englishlearning especially for Chinese Vocational college students. According to Basic Teaching Requirements for Vocational College English Course,developing students’ comprehensi ve abilities to use English language is the teaching aim ofvocational college English. In terms of writing, students should have the ability to master thebasic writing skills and accomplishing writing tasks of different types, including narration,description, argumentation and practical writings like business email or announcement.Besides,their writing should have a clear organization and proper coherence; at the same time, studentsshould be able to write or describe something with adequate content and proper form indifferent situations, such as business situation.…………1.2 Purpose and Significance of the ResearchAs we can see, most English class in the vocational colleges is always a big class which contains at least sixty students and in the class students may not receive the feedbackfromteacher immediately, although offering feedback is one of the essential tasks. It is helpful andefficient for teachers that students themselves can check other s’ writing and give comments. Sothese two feedbacks have their own roles in the revision. Considering the vocational collegeeducation, examining the practice of teacher feedback and peer feedback on EFL writing is ofgreat importance and necessity. This study is aimed to discuss the effects of teacher feedbackand peer feedback in the English class in order to provide some useful English writing teachingmethod and studying ways for vocational college education. This is not only consistent with thespirit of the new curriculum; at the same time reflects the “student-c entered” teachingphilosophy.…………Chapter Two Literature Review2.1 Feedback TheoryFeedback is widely seen in education as crucial for both encouraging and consolidatinglearning (Anderson, 1982; Brophy, 1981; Vygotsky, 1978), and the importance has alsobeenacknowledged in the field of English writing.In language learning, feedback means evaluative remarks which are available to languagelearners concerning their language proficiency or linguistic performance(Larsen-Freeman,2005). In the filed of teaching and learning, feedback is defined as many terms, such asresponse, review, correction, evaluation or comment. No matter what the term is, it can bedefined as “comments or information learners receive on the success of a learning task, eitherfrom the teacher or from other learners (Richards et al., 1998)”.A more detailed description of feedback in terms of writing is that the feedback is “inputfrom a reader to a writer with the effect of providing information to the writer for revision”(Keh, 1990). From the presentation of general grammatical explanation to the specific errorcorrection is all the range of feedback. The purpose is to improve the writing ability of studentsby the description and correction of the errors.The role of feedback is to make writers learn where he or she has misled or confused thereader by supplying insufficient information, illogical organization, lack ofdevelopment ofideas, or something like inappropriate word-choice or tense (Keh, 1990).…………2.2 Theoretical Foundations of FeedbackCollaborative learning, also called cooperative learning, is the second theoretical basis thatback for the application of feedback in writing class. It is feasible that students communicateactively with each other in the classroom.There is a clear difference betweenstudents-centered and traditional teacher-ledclassrooms. Students’ enthusiasm of participating in group discussion strengthens whenstudents are completely absorbed in collaborative learning in the students-centered class. Whenstudents get together to work out a problem, ideas are conveyed among them and immediatefeedback is received from their group members.Collaborative learning emphasizes that both students and instructors participate and interact actively (Hiltz, 1997). Collaborative learning is viewed from both behavioral andhumanistic perspectives (Slavin 1987). The behavioral perspective stresses that students areencouraged to study under a cooperativesituation and rewarded in the form of group rather thanindividual ones. As for the humanistic perspective, more understanding and better performanceare gained from the interaction among peers. So it is obvious that collaborative learning putsmore attention to the influence of peers, which is different from the previous English writingteaching theories(Johnson and Johnson,1986).Collaborative learning make the students work and learn together to maximize their ownand other’s study.…………Chapter Three Research Methodology (21)3.1 Research Questions (21)3.2 Subjects (21)3.3 Instruments (22)3.3.1 Writing Tasks (23)3.3.2 Questionnaires (23)3.3.3 Pre-test and Post-test (24)3.4 Research Design (24)3.5 Data Collection (27)Chapter Four Results Presentation and Discussion (29)4.1 Students’ Changed Writing P roficiency (29)4.2 Students’ Changed Interest in English Learning and Writing (36)Chapter Five Conclusion (43)5.1 Major Findings (43)5.2 Pedagogical Implications and Suggestions (44)5.3 Limitations of the Study (46)5.4 Suggestions for Further Study (46)Chapter Four Results Presentation and Discussion4.1 Students’ Changed Writing ProficiencyThe data from the pre-test and post-test of the EC and CC were all collected and analyzedthrough SPSS 13.0 to investigate the difference before and after the adoption of teacherfeedback and peer feedback in the English writing class. As table4-1 shows, the mean score of the control class (11.43) is rather similar to theexperimental class (11.56). Moreover, the standard deviation of experimental class (9.357) isalso rather similar to that of the control class (9.421). The mean score of the experimental groupisa little bit higher than that of control the group(11.56>11.43), but the disparity is only 0.13,and thelowest score and the highest score of the two groups are quite close to each other.On the basis of the group statistics of the pre-test, the author carried out an independentsamples t-test in order to further compare the mean scores of the pre-test between CC and EC.Table 4-2 shows the Sig is 0.624, higher than 0.05, showing the writing proficiency of twogroups have no significant difference. Thereby, the statistics in the row of “Equal variancesassumed” should be observed. The Mean Difference is merely 0.338, and the Standard ErrorDifference is only 2.086. In addition, Sig. (2-tailed) is 0.836 (>.05), which indicates that thestudents from both EC and CC share almost the same level of English writing proficiencybefore the study.…………ConclusionFeedback plays a key role and is quite effective in enhancing students’ writingproficiency. The comparison of mean scores in pre-test and post-test indicates that both groupsof EG and CG make more progress in their writingafter this feedback-initiated writinginstruction. Teacher feedback and peer feedback can lead to achievements in students’ writing,which means that the two kinds of feedback are all helpful, effective for promoting students’writing competence to some degree and there is no definite answer for the research question,which one will enhance students’ writing ability the more effective method between teacherfeedback and peer feedback. Teacher and peer feedback play different roles in improvingstudents’ writing. When giving teacher feedback, students in the control class make greaterprogress in organization and content, which was different from the experimental class. Theresults and discussion on students’ focus on the five language aspects had been mentioned in theprevious chapter. Those deep-level language aspects, like the content and organization are theweakest points for most of the students especially for the vocational students, so teacher has theability to point out the mistakes more deeply. As for peer feedback, students may havedifficultyin recognizing the errors in those deep -level aspects so they put more attention to the grammarand vocabulary.……………Reference (omitted)英语论文范文精选篇三Chapter I Introduction1.1 Theoretically analytical tool of the thesisAiming to analyze the features of English advertisements, the author picks English1advertisements which closely relate to people's daily life and rank first on the list ofcommercial advertisements as the studying material and applies thematic structure andthematic progression patterns as the theoretical tool of analysis.Now, quite a large number of linguists have studied theme and rheme, usingthematic structure and thematic progression patterns to conduct studies on detaileddiscourses，such as novels, sports news and students' theses. Taking thematic structureand thematic progression patterns as the analytical tool can help to explore how textsare developed. Halliday，a great linguist who has made many contributions tolinguistics, claims thematic structure as "basic form ofthe organization of the clause asmessage" (Halliday 1985:34). Each clause can be divided into theme part and rhemepart. The relation between themes and rhemes of the text can reveal how the text isconducted, which is known as thematic progression. Through thematicprogression,coherence of the text can be established. …………1.2 Purpose of the studyThrough the perspective of Systemic-Functional Grammar, 42 written texts ofEnglish advertisements are taken as the corpus and their thematic structures andthematic progression patterns are analyzed one by one. The author will analyze thedistribution of different themes and explore the use of four basic thematic progressionpatterns in this type of advertisements, trying to answer three questions:(1) What are the features of the usage of different themes in English advertisements?(2) Which thematic progression is used most often and why?(3) What pragmatic effects do these four thematic progressions have in Englishadvertisements?In the whole thesis, these three questions will be answered through analyzing theparticularEnglish advertisements. Halliday's(1994) theory of thematic structure and XuShenghuan's(1982) four basic thematic progression patterns will be adopted asanalytical framework, the reason of which will be explained later in Chapter 2.…………Chapter II Literature review2.1 Studies on thematic structureTheme and rheme distinction was firstly described by V. Mathesius in 1939 (HuZhuanglin 1994:137). In his mother tongue, Czech，he tries to analyze sentences fromthe perspective of communication and function and show how the information in asentence is expressed. Firbas translates Mathesius' definition of theme as: "[the theme]is that which is known or at least obvious in the given situation and from which thespeaker proceeds."(Martin 1992:434) Therefore, according to him, theme is the startingpoint of the message, which is known or given in the utterance and from which thespeaker proceeds, while rheme plays a role as new information, which is about what thespeaker says ontheme and represents the very important information that the speakerwants to convey to the hearer. In his opinion，a clause is divided into three parts: theme,rheme and transition. Of course, it is obvious that Mathesius does not use the exactexpression of "theme" and "rheme".Though Mathesius' point of view has some deficiencies, it influences Praguescholars greatly. One of his well-known followers, Firbas, proposes a view to improvethe thematic theories. He believes that theme is one that has lower degree ofcommunicative dynamism in some certain context while rheme has higher one.Different from Mathesius in dividing a clause into three parts (Hu Zhuanglin et al1989)，Firbas (1992) merges the concept of transition into rheme and divides a clauseinto two.Following with their opinions, there are two groups differing from each other. Onegroup thinks that theme is equal to "given" while the other one, Systemic School,accepts 'separating approach' which disentangles the two. Systemic School argues thatthere are differences existing between information structure (given-new) and thematicstructure (theme-rheme).…………2.2 Studies on thematic progression patternsIn discourse analysis，a sentence is understood as a message，conveyinginformation from the speaker to the listener. It can be separated into two segments:theme and rheme. Mathesius' (1976) concept of theme and rheme leads to a surge ofinterest in discourse analysis operated at the level of clause. The different choices andorders of discourse themes, the mutual connection and hierarchy between themes andrhemes, as well as their relationship to the hyperthemes of the superior discourse (suchas the paragraph, chapter, etc.) to the whole text or to the situation would influence theinternal structure of the text. Halliday (1985:227) subscribes to that opinion too，statingthat "the success of a text does not lie in the grammatical correctness of its individualsentences，but in the multiple relationships established among them". Therefore,thematic progression performs an important role in discourse analysis.Both scholars abroad and at home make great contributions to the study ofthematic structure together with thematic progression.…………Chapter III Analytical framework of the study and research design (20)3.1 Analytical framework of the study (20)3.1.1 Analytical framework of thematic structure (21)3.1.2 Analytical framework of thematic progression patterns (22)3.2 Research design (24)3.2.1 Consideration on selecting data used in the analysis (25)3.2.2 Analytical procedures (27)3.3 Summary (30)Chapter IV Analysis of thematic structure (33)4.1 Some rules of identifying and counting themes........334.2 Simple theme, multiple theme and zero theme (35)4.2.1 Distribution of simple theme, multiple theme and zero theme (36)4.2.? Data analysis (38)4.3 Textual theme, interpersonal theme and experiential theme (39)4.3.1 Distribution of three functional themes (40)4.3.2 Data analysis (42)4.4 Summary (43)Chapter V Analysis of thematic progression patterns........445.1 Distribution of thematic progression patterns (44)5.2 Data analysis (44)5.3 Summary (45)Chapter V Analysis of thematic progression patterns5.1 Distribution of thematic progression patternsBefore discussing the distribution of thematic progression patterns, anadvertisement sample will be taken as an example, which is selected from Michelin.Example 3:GE(T1) is building the world by providing capital, expertise and infrastructure for a globaleconomy(Rl). GE Capital(T2) has provided billions in financing so businesses can build and growtheir operations and consumers can build their financial futures(R2). We(T3) build appliances,lighting, power systems and other products that help millions of homes, offices, factories and retailfacilities around theworld work better(R3).^In this example given above, themes and rhemes have already been marked forconvenience. T1 refers to the theme of the first clause while R1 refers to the rheme, andso on. These three sentences in this piece of advertisement are all concerned about GEenterprise, although there is a slight difference among them. According to ZhuYongsheng (1985)，these themes can be seen as the same one and these clauses aresharing the same theme. ……………ConclusionThis thesis is focused on the thematic structure and thematic progression patternsof English advertisements, aiming to find some features and favored patterns.A literature review on thematic structure，thematic progression patterns andEnglish advertisements is made before the detailed analysis and finds that fewresearches are done on advertisements with a perspective of thematic organization andby a case study of one specific kind of advertisements. Therefore, the author conducts astudy on English advertisements by setting a theoretical framework,including theHalliday's theory of thematic structure and Xu Shenghuan's classification of thematicprogression patterns. Through these methods，the research is done by investigating thestatistics and results are given below: English advertisements prefer to use simpler themes to convey' informationquickly and directly. Multiple themes and clauses with themes omitted are used not sooften and differ from each other not so much in number because of the uniquecharacteristics of advertisements.……………Reference (omitted)英语论文范文精选篇四第一章引言1.1研究背景传统的课堂英语教学已经不能满足日益提高的英语学习要求，而网络化的英语在线学习系统提供大量不断更新的资源，突破地域和时间的限制，为学生和教师提供课内或课外的网络学习平台。
关于论文提纲怎么写
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论文提纲范文篇一：【内容摘要】xx年末以来，面对日益严峻的经济形势，国内房地产市场的有效需求被大大抑制，市场观望气氛浓重，楼市成交价跌量少。
在传统营销模式下难以突围，房地产市场必然要依靠谋求营销创新来取得突破。
本文从房地产市场全程策划、产品定位、客户定位、策划方案、包装方案、销售战术等方面简要分析如何进行创新，以及创新需要面临和解决的问题，供以参考。
【关键词】房地产营销创新营销策划定位产品客户【目录】一、房地产营销发展历程简要回顾二、当前房地产市场面临市场新形势的挑战三、传统营销策划模式已难以适应新的市场状况四、新的经济形势下如何做到“创新营销1、将房地产全程策划作为创新营销的基础2、制定明确和精准的市场定位分析3、建立以客户为导向的消费者关系体系4、根据产品定位和消费者分析，进行产品创新5、制定价值独到、具有可实施性的营销策划方案6、销售推广的软、硬件包装7、制定合理的销售战术8、建立高效的成本控制管理体系论文提纲范文篇二：一,课程名称:(会计毕业论文) 课程负责人:二,学时与学分:14学时14学分三,适用专业: 会计本科专业四,课程教材: 无五,参考教材: 无六,开课单位:经济与工商管理学院会计系七,课程的目的,性质和任务毕业论文是学生运用在校学习的基本知识和基础理论,去分析,解决一两个实际问题的实践锻炼过程,也是学生在校学习期间学习成果的综合性总结,是整个教学活动中不可缺少的重要环节.撰写毕业论文对于培养学生初步的科学研究能力,提高其综合运用所学知识分析问题,解决问题能力有着重要意义八,课程的主要内容论文选题;查阅相关资料;撰写论文提纲;修改论文提纲;撰写论文;修改论文;论文定稿.九,课程的教学基本要求1,学生应在实事求是,深入实际的基础上,运用所学知识,独立写出具有一定质量的毕业论文.毕业论文应观点明确,材料翔实,结构合理严谨,语言通顺.2,毕业论文选题应在所学专业范围以内,其形式可以是学术论文,也可以是调查报告.3,毕业论文要求卷面整洁,字迹工整,使用正规稿纸,字数不少于15000字,正文前必须附有写作提纲.十,说明1,指导教师应根据学生写作态度和论文质量给出建议成绩;2,经过口头答辩,由答辩小组根据毕业论文与答辩情况给予评定成绩;十一,考核方式考核标准:毕业论文成绩分为优,良,及格,不及格四等.1,优符合党和国家的有关方针,政策;观点明确,能深入进行分析,并有独到见解.理论联系实际,对经济工作或学术研究有一定的现实意义.中心突出,论据充足,层次清楚,结构合理,语言流畅.答辩中回答问题正确,重点突出,语言简练.2,良符合党和国家的有关方针和政策,能够运用所学知识,理论联系实际,观点明确,分析比较深入.中心明确,论据较充足,层次清楚,语言通顺,结构合理.答辩中回答问题正确.3,及格符合党和国家的有关方针和政策,基本上能够运用所学知识去分析问题,但内容尚欠充实.中心论题较明确,材料较充足,具体但不够典型.尚能联系经济工作实际,但论证不够充分.文章有一定的条理,一定的论据,文字尚通顺.答辩中回答问题基本正确.4,不及格不符合党和国家的有关方针和政策,或在经济理论上有原则性错误,未掌握已学的有关专业知识,技能差.文章无中心,层次混淆不清,主要论据短缺.论点论据脱节或严重搭配不当.抄袭他人文章,成果,书籍者.凡具有以上条款之一者,应判为不及格.在答辩中对大多数问题都不能正确回答者,也应判为不及格.十二,学时分配全脱产学习的学生毕业论文在第七学期末布置,第八学期完成写作和考核工作.论文提纲范文篇三：所谓提纲，就是把论文的主要论点和展开部分较为详细地列出来。
论文提纲范文模板5篇_论文的详细提纲
论文目录提纲范文模板在毕业论文的写作过程中，指导教师一般都要求学生编写提纲。
想要拿出一篇响当当的论文，写好提纲也是非常重要的，下面小编给大家分享一些论文提纲范文模板，希望能够帮助大家，欢迎阅读!论文详细提纲范文第1章绪论1.1研究背景及意义1.2论文框架与创新之处第2章文献综述2.1企业社会责任的内涵及演进2.2战略性企业社会责任概念及维度2.3企业社会责任与财务绩效的衡量方法2.4企业社会责任与财务绩效关系研究第3章承担战略性企业社会责任的理论基础3.1企业生态系统理论3.2利益相关者理论3.3竞争优势理论第4章制度背景、理论分析与研究假设4.1制度背景4.2战略性企业社会责任对财务绩效影响分析4.3所有权性质对战略性企业社会责任影响分析第5章战略性企业社会责任与财务绩效关系实证设计5.1样本选取及数据来源5.2变量设计5.3模型构建第6章战略性企业社会责任与财务绩效关系实证分析6.1描述性分析6.2相关性分析6.3回归结果分析6.4稳定性检验第7章研究结论、建议及局限性7.1研究结论7.2对策及建议7.3研究的局限性本文结论论文提纲万能模板1. 引言 8-121.1 研究背景 81.2 研究意义和目的 8-91.2.1 理论意义 8-91.2.2 实践意义 91.2.3 研究目的 91.3 研究主要方法 9-101.4 本文研究框架和研究内容 10-111.5 本文创新与不足 11-122. 天气指数保险及其产品定价的研究综述 12-18 2.1 国外研究动态 12-142.2 国内研究动态 14-162.3 国内外研究动态评析 16-183. 天气指数保险及其产品的相关理论基础 18-30 3.1 天气指数保险的内涵、外延及其产品特征 18-20 3.1.1 天气指数保险的内涵 18-193.1.2 天气指数保险的外延 193.1.3 天气指数保险的产品特征 19-203.2 天气指数保险的产生背景 20-223.3 天气指数保险的优劣势与应用范围 22-293.3.1 天气指数保险的优势分析 22-243.3.2 天气指数保险的缺陷分析 24-273.3.3 天气指数保险的应用范围 27-293.4 天气指数保险及其产品的理论与工具 29-304. 天气指数保险产品的设计原理和定价方法 30-374.1 天气指数保险产品设计原理 30-314.2 天气指数保险定价方法 31-364.2.1 精算定价法(actuarial approach) 31-324.2.2 衍生品定价法(derivatives pricing approach) 32-35 4.2.3 无差异定价法(Indifference Pricing Approach) 35-364.3 主要定价方法间的比较以及本文使用的方法 36-375. 天气指数保险在发展中国家的应用举例 37-555.1 天气指数保险在发展中国家试点推行的概况 37-535.1.1 家庭层面的`天气指数保险(micro-level) 38-455.1.2 中间层面的天气指数保险(meso-level) 45-495.1.3 国家层面的天气指数保险(macro-level) 49-525.1.4 其他国家的天气指数保险应用举例 52-535.2 国外案例对我国的启示 53-556. 我国天气指数保险实证——以四川省玉米为例 55-63 6.1 我国天气指数保险试点情况 556.2 四川玉米天气指数产品的设计 55-566.3 四川省玉米天气指数保险费率厘定 56-616.3.1 第一种纯保险费率厘定方法 56-586.3.2 第二种纯保险费率厘定方法 58-616.4 研究结论 61-637. 我国天气指数保险发展建议 63-667.1 我国目前天气指数保险存在的突出问题 637.2 我国发展天气指数保险的政策建议 63-66参考文献 66-75后记 75-76附录 76-81致谢 81-82毕业论文提纲格式范文中文摘要Abstract中文文摘目录绪论一、选题的背景与缘由二、研究综述三、研究思路和研究方法四、创新与不足之处第一章中学物理教师专业发展的内涵、特点和意义一、中学物理教师专业发展的概念和内涵二、中学物理教师专业发展的特点三、中学物理教师专业发展的意义第二章中学物理教师专业发展的现状与问题一、中学物理教师专业发展现状调查二、中学物理教师专业发展面临的问题三、中学物理教师专业发展受限原因分析第三章促进中学物理教师专业发展的对策一、创造积极的情感体验,激发教师自主发展的意愿二、改进教师培训模式,促进教师全面有效发展三、开展各类物理教学实践活动,促进教师专业能力的全面发展四、充分发挥教师发展规划的导向作用,指引教师专业发展五、完善相关政策制度,保障教师专业发展结论参考文献致谢本科生论文提纲范例第一章绪论第一节研究背景与研究意义一、研究背景二、研究意义第二节论文的研究思路和框架一、研究思路二、文章框架第三节研究方法和概念界定一、研究方法二、概念界定第四节可能的创新点和不足一、可能的创新点二、存在的不足第二章国内外研究文献综述第一节就业结构演变研究一、国外研究现状二、国内研究现状第二节就业结构与城镇化关系研究一、国外相关研究二、国内相关研究第三章就业结构调整和城镇化的关联机制分析第一节就业结构与城镇化演化规律一、就业结构演变规律二、城镇化演变规律第二节就业结构调整对城镇化的影响机制分析一、产业结构通过就业结构影响城镇化发展二、技术进步通过就业结构影响城镇化第三节城镇化对就业结构的影响机制分析一、通过城镇完善的社保制度优化就业二、通过城镇居民人口素质的提高影响就业三、通过产业结构促进就业结构调整第四章长三角地区就业结构和人口城镇化的时空演化第一节长三角地区就业结构演化一、就业结构时间变化二、就业结构的空间演变第二节长三角地区人口城镇化时空演变一、人口城镇化时间变化二、人口城镇化空间分异第三节就业结构偏差对人口城镇化的影响分析一、就业结构偏差二、就业结构偏差对人口城镇化的影响分析第五章长三角就业结构调整与人口城镇化相互关系的实证分析第一节就业结构与人口城镇化格兰杰因果检验一、数据说明二、研究方法与数据处理三、研究结论第二节就业结构影响人口城镇化的中介作用分析一、中介作用及其检验方法二、就业结构的中介作用分析第六章就业结构调整对人口城镇化影响的计量经济学分析第一节就业结构调整对人口城镇化影响的面板回归分析一、研究方法毕业论文的提纲二、理论模型、选用指标和数据说明三、实证结果分析第二节就业结构调整对人口城镇化影响的空间回归分析一、理论基础及模型选择二、实证分析第七章主要结论及启示第一节主要结论第二节启示论文目录提纲范文样本目录 5-8CONTENTS 8-11摘要 11-14ABSTRACT 14-17第一章绪论 18-301.1 课题背景与研究意义 18-191.2 国内外的研究现状及存在的主要问题 19-271.2.1 复合储能技术的提出 19-211.2.2 微电网复合储能关键技术研究进展及存在问题 21-27 1.3 本文的主要工作 27-30第二章多端口复合储能接入技术 30-522.1 微电网中复合储能接入形态 30-322.1.1 微电网对储能的应用要求 302.1.2 多端口复合储能的拓扑构建 30-322.1.3 多端口复合储能拓扑的统一形态 322.2 三端口复合储能的拓扑及定功率传输控制 32-432.2.1 三端口复合储能拓扑选择 33-342.2.2 三端口变换器的功率传输原理 34-382.2.3 三端口全桥复合储能变换器的数学模型及控制原理 38-40 2.2.4 异步占空比移相PWM定功率传输策略 40-432.3 实验研究 43-512.3.1 三绕组高频变压器设计 43-442.3.2 移相PWM控制的实现方法 44-452.3.3 三端口储能变换器定功率传输控制的实验研究 45-50 2.3.4 异步占空比移相PWM控制实验 50-512.4 本章小结 51-52第三章三相四开关容错型储能变换器及其控制技术 52-81 3.1 容错型三相四开关储能变换器 52-583.1.1 三相四开关容错拓扑的提出 52-533.1.2 三相四开关储能变换器的数学模型 53-563.1.3 储能变换器容错前后的.性能差异 56-573.1.4 储能变换器容错切换策略 57-583.2 三相储能变换器故障诊断技术 58-673.2.1 基于HSD模型的储能变换器故障诊断原理 58-603.2.2 储能变换器的HSD模型 60-623.2.3 变换器典型故障向量 623.2.4 基于电流状态残差演变特征的开路故障诊断方法 62-64 3.2.5 实验验证 64-673.3 三相四开关储能变换器的容错运行技术 67-803.3.1 四开关变换器输出不平衡机理 67-693.3.2 直流中点电位偏移对四开关变换器的影响 69-703.3.3 等效SVPWM控制方法 70-713.3.4 具有直流中点偏移补偿的参考信号生成方法 71-723.3.5 等效SVPWM算法的实现 723.3.6 仿真分析 72-773.3.7 实验验证 77-803.4 本章小结 80-81第四章微电网储能柔性支撑统一控制技术 81-1064.1 三相四开关APF电能质量控制技术 81-884.1.1 三相四开关并联型APF拓扑 81-824.1.2 APF电能质量控制实现方法 82-834.1.3 三相四开关APF电源电流跟踪补偿策略 83-844.1.4 储能变换器的定功率控制和电能质量统一控制策略 84-88 4.2 电压不平衡下APF电流参考值生成 88-914.2.1 电压跌落引起的微电网电压不平衡 88-894.2.2 基于线电压合成的APF电流参考值生成策略 89-904.2.3 仿真验证 90-914.3 三相四开关储能型APF实现技术 91-984.3.1 主回路参数设计准则 91-944.3.2 软硬件设计 94-984.4 实验验证 98-1054.4.1 微电网实验平台 98-1004.4.2 四开关储能APF实验装置 1004.4.3 基于电源电流直接跟踪的APF补偿效果 100-1024.4.4 直流中点电位偏移的影响 102-1034.4.5 储能变换器有功调节与APF兼容控制 103-1054.4.6 三相四开关变换器定功率控制 1054.5 本章小结 105-106第五章微电网复合储能容量管理的多目标优化技术 106-1235.1 微电网复合储能容量配置的多目标优化建模 106-1095.1.1 微电网复合储能容量配置的优化目标 106-1085.1.2 多目标优化的约束条件 108-1095.1.3 微电网复合储能的多目标优化数学模型 1095.2 复合储能多目标优化算法 109-1135.2.1 微电网储能多目标函数预处理 109-1115.2.2 自适应权重粒子群优化算法 111-1125.2.3 复合储能多目标优化的评价指标 112-1135.3 微电网复合储能多目标优化的算例分析 113-1225.3.1 储能多目标优化目标函数建立及优化影响因素 115-1185.3.2 基于目标函数适应度离差排序法的目标函数权重确定118-1195.3.3 储能优化配置结果比较 119-1225.4 小结 122-123第六章结论与展望 123-125参考文献 125-135附录 135-136致谢 136-137攻读博士学位期间取得的主要科研成果 137-139 学位论文评阅及答辩情况表 139。
论文提纲范文样本3篇
论文提纲范文样本第一篇：社交媒体对青少年心理健康的影响一、前言- 社交媒体的普及与青少年的成长- 研究的背景和意义二、社交媒体对青少年心理健康的负面影响- 社交媒体的成瘾性- 社交媒体中的负面信息和暴力内容对青少年心理健康的影响- 社交媒体滥用与青少年精神问题的关联- 社交媒体对青少年人际交往和沟通能力的影响三、社交媒体对青少年心理健康的正面影响- 社交媒体改善青少年自我表达能力和创新思维- 社交媒体为青少年提供社交支持和情感支持- 社交媒体促进青少年对多元文化的了解和交流四、社交媒体对青少年心理健康的管理- 家长、教师和社会的责任与角色- 青少年自我管理和护理的重要性- 社交媒体平台的监管与规范五、结语- 社交媒体既有利又有弊，需要科学、合理的使用和管理- 青少年心理健康是重要的社会问题，需要引起广泛的重视和关注第二篇：高压力职场中的心理健康问题与应对策略一、前言- 高压力职场的特点和问题- 心理健康问题在职场中的重要性和复杂性二、高压力职场中的心理健康问题- 职业倦怠、心理疲劳和工作压力过大- 情绪管理困难和心理负担过重- 自我认同和职业定位的困扰三、高压力职场中的应对策略- 改善工作环境与氛围- 整合工作与生活，寻求平衡- 学习应对压力和情绪管理技巧- 发展自我认同和职业定位四、高压力职场中的心理健康支持与服务- 公共服务与企业内部支持机制- 心理辅导和职业咨询的帮助和意义五、结语- 心理健康是高压力职场中的重要问题，需要关注和协同应对- 人们应当发挥自身的主观能动性和社会性才能应对高压力职场的挑战第三篇：调节情绪的方式与效果研究一、前言- 情绪的本质、类型和功能- 调节情绪和情绪智力的意义和价值二、调节情绪的方式- 情境应对策略- 认知重构和自我调整策略- 行为干预和生活方式调整三、调节情绪的效果研究- 实验室与社会生活的调查研究- 情绪调节对身心健康的影响与效果评价- 不同类型、性别和年龄群体的情绪调节方式差异四、调节情绪的发展与培养- 儿童与成人的情绪智力培养- 教育、心理干预和心理治疗对情绪调节的作用五、结语- 情绪调节是个体心理健康和社会心理发展的基础之一- 科学有效的情绪调节方式和方法可以增强个体的适应力和幸福感。
提纲范文(10篇)全面版
《提纲范文》提纲范文（一）：摘要 6-7ABSTRACT 7序言 8-9目录 9-111 引言 11-151。
1 研究背景 11-121。
2 研究好处 121。
2。
1 理论好处 121。
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2 现实好处 121。
3 研究资料及研究方法 12-14 1。
3。
1 研究资料 12-131。
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2 研究方法 13-141。
4 研究框架 14-152 文献综述与相关理论基础 15-21 2。
1 文献综述 15-182。
1。
1 相关概念界定 152。
1。
2 国外文献综述 15-172。
1。
3 国内文献综述 17-182。
1。
4 文献评述 182。
2 相关理论基础 18-212。
2。
1 相对估值理论 18-192。
2。
2 VaR风险管理方法 19-202。
2。
3 理论基础评述 20-213 新三板企业利用股票质押融资的现状分析 21-293。
1 新三板挂牌市场的特征分析 21-253。
1。
1 新三板市场产生的背景及好处 21-233。
1。
2 新三板企业的特点及融资需求 23-253。
2 我国股票质押的发展现状 25-293。
2。
1 股票质押的好处与作用 25-263。
2。
2 选取质押股权融资的原因 26-294 新三板企业股票质押存在的主要风险 29-324。
1 股票质押贷款的风险类型及特征 29-304。
2 股票质押贷款的风险类型及特征股票质押贷款的风险 30-32 4。
2。
1 信用风险 304。
2。
2 市场风险 30-314。
2。
3 流动性风险 31-325 VAR与股票质押贷款风险管理及实证分析 32-465。
1 VAR风险管理 32-375。
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1 VaR风险管理方法的前世今生 325。
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2 VaR风险管理的概念 32-345。
1。
3 VaR的计算方法 34-375。
2 基于VAR的股票质押贷款风险模型 37-395。
3 新三板股票质押VAR模型的实证研究 39-445。
4 VAR在新三板股票质押的风险管理中的评价 44-466 结论 46-486。
科技论文提纲范文样本(精选13篇)
科技论文提纲范文样本(精选13篇)
科技论文提纲范文样本第1篇
1.题名题名的要求题名是一篇论文的总标题，也称篇名或文题，作为一篇论文的总名称，题名应该使读者能从中了解到该论文所要研究的核心内容和主要观点，撰写题名一定要准确、简洁、鲜明，既不能过于空泛和一般化，也不宜过于繁琐，使人得不出鲜明的印象。
（1）准确性：准确是指题名要恰如其分地反映研究的范围和深度，用词要反映实质，不能用笼统的、泛指性很强的词语。
如_一个值得研究的问题_，_关于xxx的若干问题_，_控制系统的研究_等，就太笼统。
（2）简洁性：简洁性是指在把内容表达清楚的前提下，题名应越短越好。
GB7713-87规定，中文题名一般不宜超过20个汉字。
如何使题名写得简洁呢？1）尽可能删去多余的词语，即经过反复推敲，如果删去某些词语之后，题名仍能反映论文的特定内容，那么这些词语就应删去。
2）避免将同义词或近义词连用，同义词或近义词用其中之一就可以了，如：_问题的分析计算_，_分析_与_计算_在该处是近义的，不分析又如何计算呢？所以二者保留其一即可。
又如_分析与探讨_，二者取一即可。
（3）鲜明性：鲜明性是指使人一看便知其意，不费解，无歧义。
有的题名很含糊，使人分不清它属于那个学科范畴，给分类造成了困难。
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主、副题名之间中中文用破折号连接，英文用冒号连接。
题名还应尽量避免使用化学结构式、数学公式及不为同行熟悉的缩略语等等。
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论文提纲范文样本
篇一：毕业论文提纲
题目：汉语言类电视文化节目创新研究
目录
摘要
Abstract
绪论
一、研究缘起
二、研究背景
三、文献综述
四、研究内容和研究方法
五、研究价值
第一章汉语言类电视文化节目现状分析
第一节汉语言类电视文化节目内涵界定
一、汉语言类电视文化节目的概念
二、汉语言类电视文化节目的特征
三、汉语言类电视文化节目的功能
第二节汉语言类电视文化节目创新现状分析
一、汉语言类电视文化节目创新背景分析
二、汉语言类电视文化节目创新动力分析
第二章汉语言类电视节目内容和形式创新
第一节陌生化理论应用下的汉语言类电视文化节目
一、“陌生化理论”概念解读
二、汉语言类电视文化节目对陌生化理论的应用
第二节节目题材内容的创新
一、创作理念的突破和革新
二、节目定位的鲜明和精准
三、文化符号的引入和传承
第三节节目结构形态的创新
一、赛制悬念重重，设计扣人心弦
二、专家权威上阵，诠释锦上添花
三、选手引爆收视，策略各有路数
四、主持人加互动，展现经典文化
五、视听元素综合，摆脱传统录制
第三章汉语言类电视文化节目传播创新
第一节汉语言类电视文化节目传播渠道
一、电视媒介把握汉语言文化节目推广方向
二、多平台多形态传播优势互补
第二节汉语言类电视文化节目的传播效果
一、汉语言类电视文化节目传播效果调查问卷及分析
二、汉语言类电视文化节目传播效果调查结论
第四章汉语言类电视文化节目品牌创新
第一节品牌的概念综述
一、品牌的含义
二、电视节目品牌化概念
第二节汉语言类电视文化节目的品牌化意义
一、品牌化有利于增加节目知名度、美誉度
二、品牌化有利于形成忠实的受众群体
三、品牌化有利于节目的第二次生长
第三节汉语言类电视文化节目品牌化途径
一、坚持本土化原则，创新文化品牌
二、坚持专业化制作，发展文化品牌
三、坚持多样化探索，坚固文化品牌
第五章汉语言类电视文化节目创新的反思与展望第一节汉语言类电视文化节目创新的反思
一、“传承”与“创新”割裂
二、“生产主体”与“接受主体”割裂
三、“当下创新”与“可持续创新”割裂
第二节汉语言类电视文化节目创新的展望
一、坚守“文化使命”绝不动摇
二、台网沟通机制的合理优化
三、行之有效的管理机制
结语
参考文献
致谢
篇二：毕业论文提纲
论文题目：管理者过度自信对企业财务决策的影响分析摘要
Abstract
1导论
1.1研究背景
1.2研究意义
1.2.1理论意义
1.2.2现实意义
1.3研究目的
2文献综述
2.1R&D投资的影响因素
2.1.1企业外部环境对R&D投资的影响
2.1.2公司治理对企业R&D投资的影响
2.1.3管理者异质性对企业R&D投资的影响
2.2管理者过度自信对企业财务决策的影响
2.2.1管理者过度自信对企业融资决策的影响
2.2.2管理者过度自信对企业投资决策的影响
2.2.3管理者过度自信对企业R&D投资的影响
2.3R&D投资与企业价值
2.3.1R&D投资与企业竞争力
2.3.2R&D投资与企业经营业绩
2.3.3R&D投资与企业市场业绩
2.4文献评述
3管理者过度自信影响企业R&D投资的理论分析
3.1相关概念定义
3.1.1管理者
3.1.2研发投资(R&D)
3.2理论分析
3.2.1信息不对称理论
3.2.2委托代理理论
3.3管理者过度自信影响企业R&D投资强度的理论路径
4管理者过度自信对企业R&D投资影响研究设计
4.1研究假设
4.2管理者过度自信的度量
4.3变量选择
5实证结果与分析
5.1描述性统计分析
5.2变量相关性分析
5.3回归结果分析
5.3.1管理者过度自信与企业R&D投资强度关系研究
5.3.2管理者过度自信与企业R&D投资强度分样本回归关系研究5.4稳健性检验
6研究结论与启示
6.1研究结论
6.2研究启示
6.3研究局限
参考文献
致谢
篇三：毕业论文提纲
题目：工商管理学科演进与前沿热点的可视化分析摘要
1导论
1.1选题的背景与研究意义
1.1.1基本概念界定
1.1.2选题的背景和依据
1.1.3本文研究的意义
1.2国内外研究综述
1.2.1关于工商管理学科演进的研究
1.2.2关于工商管理学科结构的研究
1.2.3关于工商管理学科前沿理论的研究
1.2.4关于信息可视化技术与方法的研究
1.2.5相关研究的述评
1.3本文的研究思路与方法
1.3.1本文的研究思路
1.3.2本文的研究方法
1.4本文的主要创新点
2分析技术和数据选择
2.1信息可视化技术与CiteSpace软件系统2.1.1信息可视化技术的创生与发展
2.1.2CiteSpace应用软件概述
2.2学科知识领域可视化的实现
2.3本文的数据来源及其标准化处理
2.3.1数据来源与处理
2.3.2数据源期刊的遴选
3工商管理学科主干理论演进的可视化3.1工商管理学科主干理论的知识结构3.1.1关键主题词的分析
3.1.2关键节点文献的分析
3.1.3聚类结构的分析
3.2工商管理学科主干理论演进的关键路径3.2.1关键演进路径知识图谱
3.2.220世纪50-70年代的演进
3.2.320世纪70-80年代的演进
3.2.420世纪80-90年代的演进
3.2.520世纪90年代以后的演进
3.3战略管理理论演进的可视化
3.3.1战略管理理论的创生
3.3.2战略管理理论的繁盛时期
3.3.3战略管理理论知识结构的演进
4工商管理学科研究前沿与研究热点的可视化4.1研究前沿与研究热点的界定
4.2工商管理学科研究的前沿问题
4.2.1组织能力理论、竞争优势与创新
4.2.2文化多样性与组织行为
4.2.3定性数据分析
4.2.4组织知识、创新与绩效、团队学习行为4.2.5企业成长理论、核心竞争力理论
4.3工商管理学科研究的热点问题
4.3.1高被引频次文献的内容分析
4.3.2基于科学发现理论的关键词指标分析4.3.3战略管理领域的研究热点
4.3.4组织理论领域的研究热点
4.3.5经营管理领域的研究热点
4.4组织行为理论研究前沿的可视化
4.4.1文献共被引网络图谱的分析
4.4.2组织行为领域的研究前沿
5中国工商管理学科研究的可视化
5.1中国工商管理学科的现状分析
5.1.1工商管理学科在中国的发展历程
5.1.2工商管理学科在中国的研究现状
5.1.3中国工商管理学科的设置
5.1.4中国工商管理学科的学术环境
5.2中国工商管理学科研究热点的可视化
5.2.1关键词共现网络图谱的分析
5.2.2热点领域及其前沿研究方向
5.2.3工商管理学科研究前沿和研究热点的比较分析5.3中国工商管理学科体系构建及其演进
5.3.1构建工商管理学科体系的意义
5.3.2工商管理学科体系构建
5.3.3工商管理学科在中国的演进趋势
6结论与展望
6.1研究结论
6.2研究不足与研究展望
6.2.1研究不足
6.2.2研究展望
参考文献
致谢。