欧洲传统文化论文
欧洲文化的论文（3）
欧洲文化的论文（3）关于欧洲文化的论文范文”[7]基督教教义在一定程度上成为了高级文化的载体，它促进了欧洲人的思想开化。
这一过程使得基督教成为欧洲人精神世界的统治者，奠定了其在欧洲人统一意识形态与价值观念中的统治地位。
作为中世纪意识形态的主导，基督教的教条成为了欧洲文化中伦理道德的规范。
基督教在中世纪时期有着其整体化的机构与活动。
其教义的传播者教士是文化的象征，而其物质载体修道院则成为教化民众的场所，是当时社会主要的文化中心。
修道院因其重要的文化地位和影响成为现代大学的前身。
可以说，基督教对欧洲人统一性的精神统治在欧洲认同观念的形成中起到了中流砥柱的作用。
综上所述，欧洲认同观念有着深刻的文化根源。
古希腊罗马文化是欧洲文明的起源，基督教文化是欧洲人共同的精神家园，二者为欧洲认同的形成奠定了坚实的基础。
只有深入探究欧洲认同形成的文化根源才能深刻地认识欧洲及其不断加强的一体化进程。
参考文献：[1] 郑晓云. 文化认同与文化变迁[M]. 北京：中国社会科学出版社，1993.[2] 马克思，恩格斯. 马克思恩格斯选集(第四卷)[M]. 北京：人民出版社， 1972.[3] 伊迪丝·汉密尔顿. 希腊方式—通向西方文明的源泉 [M]. 杭州：浙江人民出版社，1988.[4] W. Fleming. Arts and Ideas [M]. New York， 1968.[5] 陈乐民，周弘. 欧洲文明扩张史[M]. 北京：东方出版中心，1999.[6] Anthony Pagden. The Idea of Europe [M]. Woodrow Wilson Center Press and Cambridge University Press. U.K. 2002.[7] 惠一鸣. 欧洲联盟发展史(上). 北京：中国社会科学出版社，2003年第1版.。
欧洲文化英语作文
欧洲文化英语作文European culture is incredibly diverse and rich, with each country having its own unique traditions, customs, and history. From the passionate flamenco of Spain to the refined elegance of French cuisine, there is something for everyone to appreciate and enjoy in Europe.One of the most iconic aspects of European culture is its art and architecture. From the grandeur of the Eiffel Tower in Paris to the ancient ruins of Rome, the continent is filled with breathtaking masterpieces that have stood the test of time. The art of Europe reflects the history and values of its people, and it continues to inspire and captivate audiences from around the world.In addition to its artistic achievements, Europe is also known for its rich literary tradition. From the plays of Shakespeare to the novels of Tolstoy, Europeanliterature has had a profound impact on the world. The continent has been home to some of the greatest writers andthinkers in history, and their works continue to be celebrated and studied to this day.European culture is also deeply rooted in its music and dance. From the passionate rhythms of flamenco to the classical compositions of Mozart, Europe has a diverse and vibrant musical heritage. Whether it's a lively folk dance or a grand opera performance, the continent offers a wide range of musical experiences for people to enjoy.In conclusion, European culture is a treasure trove of artistic, literary, and musical achievements. Its diverse traditions and rich history continue to inspire and captivate people from around the world. Whether it's exploring the grand museums of Paris or attending a traditional festival in a small village, there is always something new and exciting to discover in Europe.。
欧洲文化的论文
河北大学工商学院添些学校《xxx》结课论文题目：欧洲文化之哥特式建筑姓名：黄文泽性别：男专业：xxx班级：xxx学号：xxx欧洲文化之哥特式建筑欧洲文化博大精深历史悠久，无论是其人文艺术方面的发展还是其自然科学的严谨都吸引了广大的研究者和历史文化爱好者，经过本学期老师对欧州文化的讲解，我对本来就很感兴趣的欧洲建筑有了更深的了解和认识，下面我从其起源、建筑特点以及对现代建筑的影响简述下我眼中的欧洲建筑的代表——哥特式建筑。
哥特式建筑是中世纪下半叶起源于法国13——15世纪流行于欧洲的一种建筑风格。
主要见于天主教堂也影响到世俗建筑。
哥特式建筑以其超高的技术和艺术成就，在建筑史上占有重要是地位。
其特点主要是尖塔高耸,尖形拱门,大窗户及绘有圣经故事的花窗玻璃.营造出轻盈修长的飞天的感觉.以及新的框架结构以增加支撑顶部的力量.使整个建筑以直线线条,宏伟的外观和教堂内空阔的空间, 再结合镶着彩色玻璃的长窗,使教堂里产生一种浓厚的宗教气氛.教堂的平面仍是基本的拉丁十字型,但是其西端门的两侧增加一对高塔。
哥特式建筑结构也十分多样，主要有尖肋拱顶，飞扶壁，花窗玻璃等，下面就各国建筑代表为例来介绍哥特式结构在建筑上的体现。
意大利的哥特式建筑于十二世纪由国外传入,主要影响于北部地区.意大利没有真正接受哥特式建筑的结构体系和造型原型,只是把它当做是一种装饰风格,所以在意大利很难找到纯粹的哥特式建筑.威尼斯的世俗建筑有很多的杰作,圣马可广场上的总督宫被认为是中世纪的世俗建筑中最美丽的作品之一,成为广场的标志.城市里一般建有许多高塔,总体轮廓线很美.德国最早的哥特式教堂之一的科隆主教堂于1248年兴工,由建造过亚眠主教堂的法国人设计,有法国盛行的哥特式建筑的风格.德国的教堂很早就形成了自己的形制和风格,如德国的马尔堡的圣伊莉莎白教堂的建筑结构体现了德国教堂建筑的最早特点：屋顶平缓，陡坡屋面罩在拱顶上，高度相等的教堂中厅和侧厅，教堂内部采光是依靠端体墙上高窄普通的窗户，全然去除尖顶、高侧窗、飞扶壁等等之类的样式，可谓一大创新。
欧洲文化英文作文
欧洲文化英文作文European culture is incredibly diverse, with each country having its own unique traditions, food, and customs. From the passionate flamenco dancing in Spain to theelegant ballet performances in Russia, there is a widerange of artistic expression to be found across the continent.The culinary scene in Europe is also a reflection ofits rich cultural heritage. From the hearty sausages and beer in Germany to the delicate pastries and coffee in France, each country has its own distinct flavors anddishes that are a source of national pride.European history is filled with tales of conquest, exploration, and innovation. The ancient ruins of Rome, the medieval castles of England, and the modern architecture of Germany all tell the story of a continent that has been shaped by centuries of conflict and progress.The fashion industry in Europe is a global powerhouse, with cities like Paris, Milan, and London leading the way in setting trends and shaping style. From haute couture to streetwear, European fashion is known for its creativity and innovation.The music of Europe is as diverse as its people, with everything from classical symphonies to electronic dance music finding a home on the continent. Each country has its own unique musical traditions and styles, making Europe a vibrant and dynamic hub for music lovers.European literature has also made a significant impact on the world, with writers like Shakespeare, Dante, and Tolstoy leaving a lasting legacy. From epic poems to modern novels, European literature continues to inspire and captivate readers around the globe.。
关于欧洲文化论文
关于欧洲文化论文推荐文章关于欧洲文化的论文热度：医院试用期工作总结以及计划热度：社团文化节领导讲话稿范文热度：2017年校园文化建设工作计划范文热度：欧洲歌唱大赛2017歌单热度：文化存在着多层次性，有全人类的文化，也有各个民族的文化、各个社会的文化，在同一个民族、同一个社会中也会因为地域的不同、信仰的不同，产生出天线不同民族、不同社会、不同地域的文化。
那么关于欧洲的文化是怎么样的呢?下文是店铺为大家整理的关于欧洲文化论文的范文，欢迎大家阅读参考!关于欧洲文化论文篇1古希腊神话——欧洲文化的摇篮古希腊神话大约诞生于公元前8世纪，传承至今，在历史的长河中魅力无穷。
古希腊神话详细描绘了希腊人民自古心中的诸神、自然和宇宙的神话。
它的流传主要是靠古希腊人民长期口头相传下来的。
后来主要通过Homa's epic《荷马史诗》及古希腊的诗集、戏剧、哲学著作记载，传承下来。
古希腊神话包括了希腊神话中最重要的诸神开天辟地、神普关系等方面的故事，是有关希腊神话的早期资料。
古希腊神话不仅滋养了希腊本国的文化发展，而且在后世给予西方文化发展以不可磨灭的推动作用和奠基作用。
一、古代欧洲文艺发展的源泉古希腊神话是古代欧洲文学艺术兴起的源泉和土壤。
世界著名的古希腊三大悲剧诗人埃斯库罗斯、索福克里斯和欧利皮德思流传下来的三十四部悲剧中有三十三部是以神话为题材的。
现在人们可以在古希腊历史学家希罗多德的著作《历史》中收索到大量的原始的古希腊神话。
同时，古希腊神话为后期的罗马文学带来了无穷的素材资源和创作想象力。
比如说，在古罗马神话中，诸神的形象与古希腊神话相同，取名不同。
如爱神的希腊名字是Venus，罗马名字是Aphrodite;希腊神话中战神叫Ares，罗马名字则是Mars。
在古希腊奴隶制社会时期，古代欧洲的戏剧和文艺理论各方面都取得了巨大的成就。
其中最具代表性的是著名的古希腊文学家、哲学家柏拉图(Plato)和亚里士多德(Aristotle)。
《欧美文化与风情》论文（精选五篇）
《欧美文化与风情》论文（精选五篇）第一篇：《欧美文化与风情》论文本课程考查方式要求：同学们在老师所列题目中任选一题写作学科论文，（题目也可以自拟）字数要达到3000字以上，以此作为课程考察成绩。
注意事项：（1）统一使用学校的作业纸。
（2）最后一次上课时上交论文，过期不再收取作业。
1.英国的社会发展2.英国的文化与生活3.英国的礼仪习俗4.英国观光与旅游5.法国的服饰6.法国的社会发展7.法国的文化与生活8.食在法国9.法国人的生活习俗10.浪漫情怀看法国15.美国政府16.美国的“驴象之争”17.美国的礼貌习俗18.美国的高等教育19.美国大学生的生活20.美国法治一瞥21.美国社会掠影22.加拿大的文化教育22.加拿大的衣食住行23.加拿大的社会福利制度24.走遍加拿大作业题目第二篇：欧美婚礼文化论文11级人力一班魏本栋欧美婚礼文化论文婚礼，一个浪漫而温馨的名词，它是情侣步入婚姻的大门，也是夫妻关系确立的标志，婚礼是一个开始，从此夫妻之间要相互鼓励、相互搀扶，相守一生，因而，各种美好的祝愿也都在这样一个与众不同的日子变得更加有意义、更加的珍贵。
当然，随着祝福而来的就是各种各样的婚俗，人们愿意将每一种仪式都赋予它特殊的意义，充满了浪漫和美好的气息，由于中西方文化的不同，这些婚礼中的仪式和习俗在时间的累积中也渐渐有了差异，虽然随着经济和交流的全球化，许多的中西方的婚俗进行了混合，但是中西方的婚俗始终有不可替代的差异。
对于我们中国人来说，结婚是一件大喜事，既是喜事当然要办的热热闹闹、喜气洋洋，这也是我们自古以来的传统。
中国人喜欢热闹的气氛，因而婚礼的地点当然也要是能闹起来的地方。
在古代，人们会选在开阔的场院里，大家围坐桌前，爽朗的笑声，锣鼓喧天，鞭炮齐鸣，一派祥和与红火。
在当代难以寻得过去的场院，交通方便的大型酒店自然成了首选，与以往一样，从招待到入席，所有的人，无论是主人还是客人，脸上都洋溢着幸福的微笑，席间的欢歌笑语都体现了热闹这一传统。
欧洲文化入门小论文
欧洲文化入门小论文第一篇：欧洲文化入门小论文Renaissance’s influence on Europe IntroductionThe word “Renaissance” means “rebirth”.It meant the reintroduction into Western Europe of the full cultural heritage of Greece and Rome.The essence of the Renaissance is Humanism.Attitudes and feelings which had been characteristic of the 14th and 15th centuries persisted well down into the era of Humanism and Reformation.In my paper, I do like to talk about the influence on the Europe which brought by Renaissance, it will be elaborated in aspects of art, economy, politic and humanism.Basic origin of Renaissance On 14th century, with the development of factory manufacturing and commodity economy，capitalist economic relations had gradually formed inside the European feudal system.In the aspect of politics，feudal separationist rules had caused epidemic discontent, and people began to have national consciousness.The public in Europe expressed their strong desires about unity of nation.Thereby, culture and arts areas also showed the interests and requirements about the emerging capitalism in this new period.Thus here came the Renaissance.Renaissance refers to a ideological and cultural movement which started in cities among Italy from 13th century，then extended to western European countries and finally prevailed in the whole Europe.It brought a revolution period of science and arts.Besides, it lifted the curtain on the history of Europe.Renaissance is recognized as the dividing line between the middle ages and modern times.InfluenceRenaissance has an important impact on art, economy,political and humanism of Europe.It is the New Culture Movement and Cultural Revolution of the bourgeoisie.Art In art, the most prosperous period of Italian Renaissance was the 16th century.It’s representative artist are Da Vinci, Michelangelo and Raphael.Renaissance brought about sense of change in all aspects of life and a favorable atmosphere for artistic innovation and experimentation.Colours of arts are very varied and graceful and artist used bright colours bravely to show that people had entered a new period of golden age.Talented artist used their opus to reflect the transition of the thought in the society.For example, Mona Lisa Smile, magnum opus from Da Vinci, it described a wife of merchant instead of noblewoman.This painting told people life can be happy even in such a dark society like that time and it also hinted the change of women’s society statuses.This portraiture was recognized as the laurel of world arts masterpiece.It conveys appreciation to beauty of women and the abundant spirit life of people.What’s more, wealth gathered in towns created demand for refinement in arts and variety in form and content.Renaissance replaced the medieval notions of painting and sculpture as crafts only to decorate churches by that of highly intellectual artistic accomplishments, with merge of art and science.For example, Villa Rotonda , Notre Dame de Paris, St Peter's and so on.Its also prevent free literary creation, but its restless curiosity, its interest in the world and its urban influences created a demand for a native literature that expressed the new life then;and its individuality with a concern for fame drove writers to do experiments to win praise from critics and support from patrons.For example, Dante’s The Divine Melody and Petrarch’s Love sonnets.The arts in Renaissance not only establish the foundation of European realism arts, but also impelpeople to pursuit better society lives with its profound spiritual connotation and exquisite artistry.The masterpieces which created in Renaissance are captivating and master-designed.They become the priceless treasures in treasure house of human.Renaissance had a great influence on development of the world’s art, it can encourage people to lead a positive life and it proposed the explore spirit.It played a essential role in the development of human beings.Economy In financial terms, Renaissance, as a mind emancipation movement to develop and expand cultural of the emerging bourgeoisie, laid an important foundation of the sprout of the early capitalism in it’s transmit.In the meantime, Renaissance accumulated original wealth for the early capitalism.Renaissance first started from Italy, and then transferred to Atlantic coast from the Mediterranean Coast by transmission.Many famous boom city like Roman, Florence, Venice and other cities appeared.Capitalist industry and commerce began to develop prosperously.What’s more, capital started to swarm into the pockets of capitalism.Renaissance provided requirements to exploitation of the new route, reformation of religious reform and the later the revolution of bourgeoisie.Political The occurrence of every important activity will affect the art aspect, the financial term, also the politic.On 14th century, Europe began to enter the modern civilization period.Industry and commerce developed prosperously and capitalism appeared in many cities.Emerging bourgeoisie began to enter the political stage.The needed new ideologies to speak in defense of interests of politic and economy which they pursuit.The needed new academics and culture to support what they want to do.Thus, a totally new Modern spirit came into being.Renaissance was the new culture movement whichobjected to religious authority and feudalism.Then, how did the Renaissance affect the political system in Europe? First, commerce replaced the Catholic as the unifying force in Europe.Second, because of the bourgeoisie’s struggle for political control, the Holy Roman Empire and the Roman Catholic Church declined.Third, rulers of the Italian city-states thus empowered for expansion abroad.Fourth, on account of their wish for peace and order after civil wars, Monarchies was consolidated in France, England and Spain.Humanism The last part I want to talk is the humanism effects brought to Europe by Renaissance.As an individual, one should get important social position by his ability to gain knowledge.With this view, architects begin to design as people-based, painters and sculptors paid much attention to individuals.People tried to comprehend physiology and psychology structure of human beings and thinking process.Renaissance and its accompanying humanist philosophy were the most important reform in the history of human beings.The centre of this power was a knowledge group which named humanist.They pursuit the concept of humanism and their basic theory was realism.Their purposes were reclaiming peaceful and happy lives for people.Humanism studied the value of people, the spirit of people, the life of people and the felicity of people.Then, how did the Renaissance affect the development of humanism? Renaissance made philosophy emphasized the dignity and worth of the individual, it was the originated in the study of classical culture.By the study of grammar, rhetoric, history, poetry and ethics of humanities, people developed hisphysically, morally and intellectually.Humanism brought a new art form by its totally new understanding about thecivilization and the world.It connects people and space.ConclusionRenaissance was the shed between middle ages and modern times.It was the consensus premise for bourgeois revolution.It assisted Europe getting rid of the constraints from feudal religious and it was the prelude for Europe to expand to the world.Reference 徐新编著《西方文化史》北京大学出版社叶胜年著《西方文化史鉴》上海外国语教育学院第二篇：欧洲文化入门《巴黎圣母院》读后感读完了《巴黎圣母院》，文中的丑与美，善与恶，在我的脑海里留下了挥之不去的印象。
欧洲文化论文(中西文化对比)
Eastern and western cultureAbstract：Culture is a term that has various meanings. In general terms, culture is a kind of social phenomenon; it is the product of a long-term creation. And at the same time, it is a historical phenomenon as well as the social and historical sediment. To be precise, culture refers to the history, geography, local conditions and customs, traditions, way of life, literature and art, behavior standards, the mode of thinking, the value of a state or nation.key words：Western culture/eastern culture/difference and similarity/attitude1．western culture1.1.What is western culture?European culture is made up of many elements, which have gone through changes over the centuries. Two of these elements are considered to be more enduring and they are: the Greco-Roman element, and the Judeo-Christian element, and there has been a complex interplay between the two, which adds to the richness of the culture.Then what is western culture?Western culture refers to cultures of European origin. Roots of the Western civilization may be traced back to 9000 BC, when the firstgreat cultures grew out of agricultural cores in South-West Asia, China, Pakistan, Mexico, and Peru. The Westernmost of this Old World's agricultural cores, the area around the headwaters of the Euphrates, Tigris, and Jordan Rivers in South-West Asia, spread outwards across Europe. Western culture in its strictly European geographical range began with the Greeks, was enlarged and strengthened by the Romans, reformed and modernized by the fifteenth-century Renaissance and Reformation, and globalize by successive European empires that spread the European ways of life and education between the sixteenth and twentieth centuries. European Culture developed with a complex range of philosophy, medieval scholasticism and mysticism, Christian and secular humanism. Rational thinking developed through a long age of change and formation with the experiments of enlightenment, naturalism, romanticism, science, democracy, and socialism. With its global connection, European culture grew with an all-inclusive urge to adopt, adapt, and ultimately influence other trends of culture.2. Eastern cultureWhen it comes to Chinese culture, we will first thinkabout Confucianism. And we will call Confucius to our mind. Now, let me give you some other examples that related to Chinese culture.2.1. Study of Chinese Folklore in ChinaThe Book of Songs, the earliest known Chinese collection of poetry, contains 160 folk songs in addition to courtly songs and hymns. It is believed that Confucius did encourage his followers to study the songs contained in the Shi Jing, helping to secure the Shi Jing’s place among the Five Classics. After Confucian ideas became further entrenched in Chinese culture, Confucius’ end orsement led many scholars to study the lyrics of the Shi Jing and interpret them as political allegories and commentaries.2.2. Numbers in Chinese cultureIn Chinese culture, certain numbers are believed by some to be auspicious (吉利) or inauspicious (不利) based on the Chinese word that the number name sounds similar to. However some Chinese people regard these beliefs to be superstitions. Since the pronunciation and the vocabulary may be different in different Chinese dialects, the rules are generally not applicable for all cases. Because of the supposed auspiciousness of certain numbers, some peoplewill often choose, attempt to obtain, or pay large sums for numbers that are considered to be lucky for their phone numbers, street addresses, residence floor, driver's license number, vehicle license plate number, bank account number, etc.Lucky numbers are based on Chinese words that sound similar to other Chinese words. The numbers 6, 8, and 9are believed to have auspicious meanings because their names sound similar to words that have positive meanings.2.3. Table mannersChinese table manners are the traditional styles that are used for eating in the region of China. In most dishes in Chinese cuisine(烹饪), food is cooked in bite-sized pieces and easy to grab and eat. Therefore, chopsticks are used at the table instead of forks and knives. Eating is a dominant aspect of the Chinese culture. In China, eating out is one of the most accepted ways to treat guests. Similar to Westerners drinking in a bar with friends, eating together in China is a way to socialize and deepen friendship.There are many traditions that govern table manners in China such as the correct treatment of guests and how touse chopsticks correctly. Although each Chinese household has its own set of table manners and rules, the foundational traditions used to welcome guests are the same.3. The difference between western culture and eastern culture.As we know, there are so many differences between east and west culture. And I can not list all of their different aspects. For your better understanding, I will focus on the differences of some common customs of China and America.3.1.It is no doubt that using chopstick is a traditional custom for Chinese people. But people in America prefer to forks and knives. This difference is based on different food they like .Americans choose to eat beefsteak, bread, and salad, while Chinese people choose noodles, pancakes and rice. What’s more, the custom of drinking tea in China and drinking coffee in America are standing out particularly.3.2.Greeting and PartingIn China, when people meet acquaintances or friends, we always say, “Have you eaten yet?” What are you going to do?” but In English, people often employ the following expressions to greet each other “Goodmorning/evening/afternoon. “Fine day, isn’t it? ” “How is everything going?” etc3.3. Compliments and ResponseFor example, if a hostess is complimented for her cooking skill, how she will response in west and china?A Chinese hostess will apologize for giving you “Nothing”. She will say“I just made some dishes casually and they are not very tasty.”But an western hostess is likely to say, “Oh, I am so glad that you liked it. I cook it especially for you.”3.4. Thanks and ResponsesIn China,“Thank you” is not frequently used between intimate friends and family members because it may imply a certain distance between the addresser and the addressee. But “Thank you” is widely used in English to show gratitude in such cases as being invited, helped, given a gift, etc. So much examples, I hope you could have a better understanding of Chinese and European culture.4. The attitude we should take toward different culture. There are so many difference between two culture background. For our Chinese, there is no denying that the European culture is worthy to be learned by us. But during thisprocess, how will we treat this civilization and use it? It’s really necessary for us to think over.Someone says that the western culture is superior. It is one of the reasons they learn about it. But on the contrary, many people strongly disagree with this, they believe our own culture is the best, and we should keep it without any change. In my opinion, in order to develop our culture, we should do like the following.4.1. remove the dross while keeping the essence.First, the advantage such as education system, we should learn from other country. But the disadvantage like our own festival, we should keep it going from generation to generation. Only by doing this can our culture developed in the right way.4.2 Borrow the foreign cultures while using our brains.In the second place, we should borrow the foreign cultures while using our brains. Have you realized that you are the sacrificial lamb instead of flaunting the individuality when you are going for the western-cultured skirt and the junk food? Today, our traditional culture which should be carried forward is destroyed seriously by the culture abroad. If one day Confucius possibly revives,don’t you feel that it is so dismal to point at the classical roofs of the skyscrapers beside the Chang’an Street and tell him, “This is our Chinese civilization”? Looking at our Chinese architecture, except the so-called classical architecture “culture heritage” es tablished by the culture protection association, most of the architectures are of “modern style”. Maybe the reason is that they are the product of imitating the style of western architecture. They have no origins as well as belongings. So we can just cal t hem “modern”. Can we say that we learn from the west well? Many parents bring their children to the KFC without minding waiting for a long time because there are so many people queuing up and waiting for there turn. This kind of improper education, which fawning on the foreign things, leads to the distruction of our cultural root which is actually insecure before. We does not imitate well, while gradually lost our tradition. The most fundamental or important things are often been ignored. We have our Confucius(the founder of our dominant culture), Zhuangzi(the most intelligent philosopher), Qin Shi Huang(the most influential statesman), Xuanzang(the most serious adoptionist and scholar)… There is no lack ofsages while people in this generation are lacking mind or ideas.Someone says that pro-human life culture is Western culture. And the extent to which a nation embraces Western culture is the extent to which it is free, prosperous, modern and peaceful. That is supportive of human life. One need only look at life expectancies around the world to see that whether this is true.The civilization of our own was delivered from generation to generation for thousands of years. But today, we can see obviously that citizens of our nation are becoming more and more fa wning on foreign things. It’s so easy to find a shirt with English words. It’s so prevailing to wear jeans. We like going into the European-styled restaurant to enjoy the western food. We say “Bye-bye” instead of “zaijian”. What’s more, our traditional festivals like the Spring Festival are desolated. We celebrate the Valentine’s Day every February instead of the Chinese Valentine’s Day according to the lunar calendar every June.参考文献：。
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欧洲传统文化论文欧洲文化是人类社会重要的精神和物质财富 ,其以民主与法制精神 ,科学与理性精神,极大地推动了欧洲现代化的进程。
下文是店铺为大家搜集整理的关于欧洲传统文化论文的内容，欢迎大家阅读参考!欧洲传统文化论文篇1谈欧洲传统艺术教育传统艺术教育始于欧洲，欧洲传统的艺术教育为大学艺术教育的教法理论做出了巨大的贡献，既为职业教学提供了教学理论和方法,又为学生提供了社会训练。
欧洲的艺术与设计教育是从传统艺术教育中延伸出来的，艺术与设计教育在西方开始于视觉艺术，也就是传统的绘画和雕塑。
早期与艺术设计有关的教育，主要是传统工艺品的设计，它在很大程度上是受到了基础的影响。
在西方，如果追根溯源，最早的艺术学校是在公元前400年左右在希腊建立的，在帕拉图的著作中提及到有关画室教授学徒。
欧洲传统的艺术教育中，就是以写实型的绘画训练为基础，我们称之为“学院派”，起因是出自于在17世纪中期就形成了这个教育训练方法的法兰西皇家美术学院。
欧洲传统绘画的特点，就是再现与强调描述。
长期以来画家们都是把如何有效地表现故事场景、描绘具体的情节或表达某种寓意来进行艺术创作的。
早在艺复兴时期，艺术教育在意大利就发展得比较成熟了。
文艺复兴时期的艺术家们，在艺术教育的教学教法领域中提出了许多有价值的想法。
在技法纯熟的艺术大师们不断地创作过程中，获得了独特的艺术教育的理论和方法,这些都是按照被保留下来的古代文明的碎片进行了整理和收集。
艺术家们不仅恢复了博大精深的欧洲传统艺术,也为创造了艺术教育历史上的里程碑,达到了人类不为所知的高度。
在14-15世纪早期，画家乔托等就对大自然的景象进行了十分逼真的描绘，与当时的人文主义思想相结合，虽然有些呆板僵硬的痕迹，却也显示出了与中世纪所不同的现实主义风格。
15世纪末到16世纪中叶，出现了达芬奇、米开朗琪罗、拉菲尔“盛期三杰”。
提香·韦切利奥被誉为西方油画之父，继承和发展了威尼斯派的绘画艺术，提香对于欧洲后来的绘画艺术有着很大的影响。
艺术泰斗们使得这一时期的艺术水平达到了前所未有的高度,同时也到达了最为繁荣和鼎盛的一个时期。
14到16世纪间的人文主义是用来描述比较先进的思想，这段时间里文化和社会上的变化称为文艺复兴，而将教育上的变化运动称为人文主义。
在当时的社会，是人们对于拥有崇高的理想和知识教养具有惊人的吸引力的时期,而要实现对于人文主义知识的尊重,就要联合起最不相同的人们：地主和穷人，艺术家和商人，贵族和知识分子。
他们不按社会特征区分自己,甚至不按出生地位和财富而按照人文知识的态度来进行划分。
人文主义成为了他们拥有对自我征服现实生活的完整性,而沉醉于人文知识的人文理想，为意大利佛罗伦萨的人文精神，没有疲劳和懒惰的感觉,允许他们毫无保留的杰出的创造，从而意味着获得真正的高尚。
在当时著名的人文圈子中,像公爵卡西姆.美帝奇那样,经过自己的学习教育和所有的著名的艺术家,诗人和哲学家一起使得文艺复兴驰名。
在文艺复兴时期，已经形成了传统绘画艺术的三个主要系统：透视学、人体解剖和色彩学，老师们通过工作室将这些技巧传授给学生，就是传统的艺术学徒制度，从此就形成了较为系统的艺术教育教学方法。
到18世纪，欧洲大多数国家都设立了这样的美术学院，法国、荷兰、比利时、瑞典、波兰、德国、奥地利，一直到俄罗斯，都有美术学院的设立，并且基本都直属皇家管理，显示其艺术服务对象是皇室贵族。
随着当时社会经济的发展，需要很多艺术装饰的专业技工，从而衍生出各种工作室，绘画，雕塑，建筑和各种各样的装饰技法。
到17世纪中叶，法国的皇家美术学院设立了绘画、雕塑、建筑三个学院，有了更加明确的专业设置，但是教育方法还是和文艺复兴时期意大利的画室制度相似，还是以视觉描绘技法为主要训练目标，这种画室制度至今都在影响欧洲其他许多国家。
在19世纪中叶，因为皇室贵们族对艺术品、工艺品的需求量越来越大，各个艺术学院都增设了与设计有关的专业，比如家具设计、室内装饰、园林设计、首饰设计、陶瓷设计、编织和印染设计等等。
虽然教授艺术技巧，各自所教的不同，但也都是通过教学提高学生的审美经验，注重提高学生的文化修养，在教学过程中，更加注意学生解决实际问题的能力，在这个基础上来培养学生创造性思维的能力。
所有的著名的艺术大师都拥有对在自己身边的学生的教育，对他们的艺术教育的实施负责,而这不仅仅是师教问题,教学问题和对学生们的教育问题。
在文艺复兴时期伟大的艺术家阿尔布雷特·丢勒留下的艺术作品和著作当中,我们可以看到他无论是在艺术教育理论的领域上,还是在艺术教育方法的领域上，都创造了让人激动不已的巨大的价值。
丢勒, 在世界艺术史上具有划时代意义的艺术家，他将意大利文艺复兴的形式和理论传播到欧洲，创造和奠定了德意志民族画派的传统和基础，并极大地影响了此后世界艺术的发展，也是欧洲文艺复兴时期最伟大的代表人物之一。
就像伟大的古希腊画家认为：“在艺术创作中，不应该只是停留在普通认为的视觉的表像上,而是必须在依靠准确的科学知识上来进行理解和表现。
”和丢勒同一时期的艺术家和素描理论家列尼桑斯·列奥·巴基斯特在《关于绘画的三本书》一书中写到：“我认为拥有高尚头衔的年轻人开始学习绘画时，都必须要知道古代画家巴姆非的格言，他认为一个好的画家要想能真正画的好，就必须要很好地懂得绘画理论。
”丢勒在自己的格言中也提到：“关于在平面绘画基础上的原理以及正确的教育理论，要给予科学的教学方法…”同时，他也认为绘画并不是像机械训练那样只是对照实物描绘，而是要像智慧的科学训练。
这个科学的艺术教育宗旨反映在以后的米开朗基罗的话中：“用头脑去画，而不是用手。
”在所有的艺术教育发展过程中，丢勒的建议是从认识实物再到平面绘画上。
在古希腊时期，这个原理就奠定了古希腊艺术教育着手于学生们和拥护者们从主观观察自然，到归结为客观认识自然的景色，这也是艺术教育教法确立的初期，从只是对照实物绘画的基础上转变为真正的依据科学理论来进行分析绘画。
这个新的艺术理论在当时的欧洲艺术教育中产生了很大的影响。
伟大的建筑师弗罗列·布鲁涅列斯基和伟大的雕塑家多纳泰罗在对古希腊和古罗马艺术完美性的寻找研究中，从佛罗伦萨到罗马，在那里他们开始测量建筑的细节和绘制教堂的计划。
著名的圣母玛利亚教堂的穹顶就是这位天才建筑师布鲁涅列斯基归结为对自己这一研究的明确结论，并且认为这个巨大的从容不迫的建筑就是他毕生所为之奉献的志向。
而意大利雕塑家多纳泰罗则是真正的改革者，他用自己探索领域的广泛性和多才多艺的天赋在欧洲立体艺术后面的发展中有着巨大的影响力。
多纳泰罗在关注建立浪漫派教会浮雕的基贝尔基的工作室教学，他很快的就形成了其独特的艺术风格，并开始创立独立工作室。
多纳泰罗去罗马的旅行还促进了他对古代艺术的更深层的理解，也促使了欧洲传统的艺术教育处于佛罗伦萨教堂讲坛中那些浮雕艺术的实现。
也许，古代欧洲的马克·阿弗列里亚的纪念碑，正是鼓舞多纳泰罗在意识上重新认识到艾拉茨莫·达那勒尼骑马的浮雕，这是位于巴杜阿教堂广场上的第一个骑马的布鲁涅列斯基纪念碑，它也是以后时期在欧洲城市建立的所有骑马的浮雕的始祖。
后来的本·罗基欧继续创作这个题材时，他的工作室就成为了运动解剖学的人文研究的中心之一，在那里得到了文艺复兴时期的伟大创始人莱昂纳多·达·芬奇的指导。
达·芬奇在其身后留下的诸多教学笔记和素描中，可以证实关于他的包罗万象的天才智慧。
《绘画论》是达·芬奇最著名的理论著作，这部未完稿的理论著作在素描艺术教育教法的发展中具有相当大的影响力，是文艺复兴时期理论研究的重大成果。
在这部著作中，包含了有按照解剖学的主张和展望来发展绘画艺术的教育，他努力寻找能够使人体运动协调的结构和规律性，依据科学理论研究出色彩关系和反射作用。
他像严肃看待科学的学科那样来看待素描绘画艺术。
然而达·芬奇指责阿里列勒基和丢勒借助于计算的绘画方法，他明确的回答这个绘画体系对学生有害，但这个绘画体系的发明是由那些不会独立绘画，只会用自己论述的观点和理论去进行艺术教育的人。
因为在那样的情况下，受教育者会使用懒惰的方法来进行绘画，他们是对自己智慧的危害，有这个的帮助任何时候也不会创造出一个好作品。
如果能够继续按照知觉绘画的道路那样用稳固的训练方法来学习，就会有循序渐进的表现，也是艺术教育的根本。
在达·芬奇的追随者和学生中间没有任何一个在艺术天分上能够超越他的;在对艺术的独立看法被基本剥夺的情况下，他们仅仅只能是表面上领会达·芬奇的艺术方式，真正的艺术精髓也许永远也无法有人能够领会。
而无论是丢勒还是达·芬奇，他们都是已知的艺术形式的代表之一，从早年在父亲的工作室，随后向画家沃勒基姆特和一直在德国土地漫游的丢勒吸收德国15世纪的艺术遗产，但是大自然还是成了他最重要的老师。
丢勒总结的艺术教育的形式中提到，建议素描训练作为艺术教育的基本。
他建议在艺术教育开始阶段把造型结构训练看作是重要的基础部分。
对于现在来说，这个方法是完全可以接受的，整个艺术教育师范教育和对学生的培养问题在文艺复兴时期的画家中很少有人会去思考这些。
在达·芬奇的《绘画论》一书中提到：丢勒如同一位教育家一样，对学生的艺术修养教育的所有的基础观点，按照这一点阐明如何实现学生们应该得到的教育。
他写道，“在教育的最初阶段要好好地教导他们，然后一边告诉他们培养的方法，一边讲如何用最好的和最善良的语言，用赞扬或鼓励的方式来教导他们。
”丢勒在确立的《音乐的改变》一书中，划分出了特殊的意义：“为了让他们不看见什么不好的，而只有用好的东西来削弱他们的智慧，这个想法是在美术学院以往的自身发展中获得的。
”在依据科学理论的艺术绘画的领域中，欧洲文艺复兴时期完成了巨大的工作的伟大艺术家们，在这些大师的作品中，他们在所获得的知识的基础上又创造出了许多无价的宝贵的成果，用这种形式在艺术教育领域为后辈们指出了正确的艺术道路。
阿里伯里特写到：“我向你坦白，如果向那些具有丰富经验的人学习和以那些人为榜样，在这样的情况下能提升到如此高的艺术的知名度。
这些艺术赋予我们现在要倾尽所有的努力，无愧于这巨大的优秀之中。
这使得我们不需要任何指导者和任何模式就创立了闻所未闻，见所未见的艺术和科学。
"文艺复兴时期的艺术文化是迈向属于被它所创立的的理论和方法的世界之路。
欧洲传统文化论文篇2谈欧洲城市文化特色与城市旅游发展在欧洲城市的闹市区漫步，犹如进入中世纪城市之中。
古老的闹市区保存着大量联片的年代久远的古建筑物，城市昔日的繁荣历历在目。
古老的闹市中心是人们购物和消遣的场所，每天从城市边缘及外围，有大量人口涌入闹市中心区购物和消费。