英语主谓一致

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英语语法---主谓一致

英语语法---主谓一致

主谓一致所谓主谓一致是指主语和谓语动词之间,即主语的人称和单复数形式决定着谓语动词对应的形式。

主谓一致的三个原则:语法一致,就近一致,意义一致。

1.两个名词由and连接作主语时,谓语动词一般用复数。

Both Jack and Tim are diving.但如果连接两个以上的名词指的是同一个人或物, 或者指同一概念的时候, 谓语要用单数。

The singer and dancer is going to give us a performance.✧特别注意:用and 连接的成对名词习惯上被看成是一个整体如:bread and butter(黄油抹面包),knife and fork(刀叉)等作主语时,谓语动词用单数。

Whisky and soda is always his favorite drink.威士忌酒加苏打水是他是喜爱的饮品。

2.集合名词如public, family, class, crowd, population, team, group等作主语时, 如果强调整体,谓语动词用单数;指全体人员时, 动词则用复数。

His family is a large one. ( 强调整体)The family are all music lovers. (指家庭成员) 某些名词如people, police, cattle等,形式上是单数, 但意义上是复数, 谓语动词应用复数。

people指“民族”时是例外。

The police are searching for a thief.The cattle are eating grass on the hill.3.Everybody everything everyone somebody something someone anything anybody nobody nothing✧当这些词做主语时,谓语动词用单数,如Someone is asking for you.Nothing is found in the room.4.书名、时间、距离、价格、重量等的复数名词作主语时, 谓语动词常用单数。

(完整版)英语语法主谓一致

(完整版)英语语法主谓一致

主一致1.主一致是指英中在人称、数及意方面要与作主的名或代一致。

2.主一致分法一致、意一致、就近一致。

(1)法一致原:主和在法形式上保持一致。

主数,用数;主复数,用复数。

I often help him and he often helps me.(2)意一致原:主和在意上复数一致。

主数,用数;主复数,用复数。

The police are searching the woods for the murderer.(3)就近素来原:当主有两个或两个以上,由凑近它的主确定。

并列主的一致1.And(1)两个数名用and 接,表示不同样看法,用复数。

Tom and Jack are close friends.(2)两个数名用 and 接,表示同一歌人、同一个物,同一个看法,或表示不可以切割的整体,用数。

The singer and dancer is to attend our evening party.(3)被 every, each, many a, no 等限制的数名由 and 接,仍用数,其中,后一个限制可以省略。

every ⋯⋯ and ⋯⋯ every,each⋯⋯ and⋯⋯ each,no⋯⋯ and⋯⋯ no, many a⋯⋯ and⋯⋯ manya。

Each boy and (each) girl has an apple.(4)一个数名被几个用 and 接的并列形容修,可以指一件事或几件事,种名作主,要依照意一致的原决定复数。

(5)由 and 接的两个what 的从句作主,要依照意一致的原决定复数What he says and does do not agree.(言不衷心致)What he says and does does not concern me.2.由 either or, neither nor, not but, not only but also,or, nor接的并列主,常和近的主一致。

英语语法——主谓一致

英语语法——主谓一致
——— 谓语动词用单数
主语复--谓语复 ; 主语单---பைடு நூலகம்-谓语单
A knife and fork_i_s_ used to have meals.
(and 后无冠词) 指同一个人
(and 后无冠词)
The singer and dancer__is__ on the stage.
指一副刀叉
主语复--谓语复 ; 主语单-----谓语单
主语形单意复,谓语用复数 主语形复意单,谓语用单数
谓语的单复数形式 取决于最靠近他的主语。
“主语+ 附属结构” 作主语 谓语与主语一致
语法一致
主语复--谓语复 ; 主语单-----谓语单
1.常见复数形式名词:
(1)Trousers、scissors(剪刀)、 clothes、goods(货物)、glasses、shoes
Every boy and every girl in the class _______(be) diligent. No sound and no voice _______(be) heard.
主语复--谓语复 ; 主语单-----谓语单
7. many a, more than one, one and a half与单数名词组成的短语 ——— 谓语动词用单数
主形单意复,谓语复;主形复意单,谓语单
2. 有些以-s 结尾的名词虽形式是复数, 但意义上是单数(形复意单)谓语用单
① Every means _h_a_s___ been tried since then. ② No news __i_s_ good news. (is / are) ③ Maths / physics __i_s__ the subject that I like most. (is / are)

初中英语语法之主谓一致

初中英语语法之主谓一致

初中英语语法之主谓一致主谓一致主谓一致是指主语和谓语必须保持人称和数的变化一致,即句中谓语的变化形式由句子主语的人称和数的形式决定。

主谓一致通常遵循三个原那么语法一致、意义一致和就近一致原那么。

语法一致语法一致是指主语的单复数决定谓语动词的单复数。

考点一:一般情况下,主语为单数可数名词或代词、不可数名词时,谓语动词用单数形式;主语为复数可数名词或代词时,谓语动词用复数形式。

考点二:动词不定式或动词-ing形式作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。

考点三:复合不定代词anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something, everyone,everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing 作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。

注意:1. "neither of/none/either of +复数可数名词/代词”作主语时,谓语动词用单、复数形式皆可。

2. either指"两者之中任何一个”,作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。

3. each作同位语时,谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于主语的数;"each of +复数可数名词/代词”作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。

考点四:当用both ... and…连接并列主语时,谓语动词常用复数形式。

当and连接的两个名词表示两个不同的概念时,谓语动词用复数形式;当表示同一人、同一物或同一个概念,或表示不可分的整体时,谓语动词用单数形式。

考点五:当主语后面跟有with, except, including, along with, together with, as well as, in addition to等词语引导的短语时,谓语动词的单、复数形式由主语的单、复数形式决定。

考点六:一些由两局部构成的表示物体的名词作主语时,谓语动词通常用复数形式,如shoe, glove, trouser, scissor, chopstick等。

专升本英语语法---主谓一致

专升本英语语法---主谓一致

主谓一致一、概念:主谓一致是指谓语在人称和数上必须和主语的人称和数保持一致。

这是英语语法中必须遵循的基本规则。

二、主谓一致主要有以下几种情况:语法一致,就近一致和意义一致。

(一)、语法一致:主语为单数形式, 谓语动词也用单数形式; 主语为复数形式, 谓语动词也用复数形式。

e.g. I often help him and he often helps me. We often help each other.不可数名词作主语, 谓语动词用单数;可数名词的复数形式作主语, 谓语动词用复数。

1. 由and连接的两个名词或代词做主语:①The worker and writer ______(be) from Wuhan.那个工人兼作家②The worker and the writer ______ (be) from Beijing. 那位工人和那位作家③The secretary and monitor ___ asked to make a speech at the meeting. A. is B.was C. are D. were(1)这部分主语表示的是两个人或两件不同的事物,谓语动词用复数形式。

例如:① My brother and I have both seen that film.② Both rice and wheat are grown in this part of China.③ The poet and the novelist were both present at the meeting.(2)这部分主语表示具有两个身份或性质的同一个人或一个完整的事物,谓语动词用单数形式,这时 and 后面的名词前没有冠词。

例:① The st atesman and poet was engaged in warfare all his life.② War and peace is a constant theme in history.③ One more knife and fork is needed.④Bread and butter is our daily food.⑤ Law and order has been established.(3)这部分主语前面有each, every, many a, no 等修饰时,谓语动词一般用单数形式。

英语中的主谓一致

英语中的主谓一致

英语主谓一致一般说来,谓语必须与主语在人称和数上保持一致,即主谓一致。

主谓一致涉及三个方面:语法上一致,意义上一致,就近一致。

一、语法上一致1 不可数名词、动名词、不定式、从句等做主语时,谓语通常用单数。

Much milk is offered to him. Reading aloud is very important in learning English.To nod one’s head means agreement. What they said is true.2 and连接主语时,注意以下几点:1)由and, both…and 连接两个单数名词谓语用复数,但当and连接的两个名词指同一个人,同一物,同一事,同一概念时谓语用单数。

Both bread and butter were served for breakfast in this hotel.The teacher and writer is going to give us a talk.2) 凡是由each…and each…,every…and every… ,no…and no…, many a… and many a…连接名词作主语时谓语用单数。

Each man and each woman has a chance to be raised in our company.No boy and no girl doesn’t go to school at the age of seven in this village.3) 由and 连接的前置并列修饰语+不可数名词做主语时,谓语用复数。

Good and bad meat in the market are sold out.4) 不可数名词+并列修饰语作主语时,谓语用单数。

Beer from the USA and Germany is much better that from Britain.5) 凡由and连接两个带the(a或物主代词)的单数可数名词,谓语用复数,如果只有前一个名词带the(a 或物主代词)则谓语用单数。

高中英语主谓一致讲解(整理版)

高中英语主谓一致讲解(整理版)

高中英语主谓一致讲解(整理版)
一、主谓一致的基本概念
●定义:主谓一致是指句子中的主语和谓语动词在数、时态和形式上保持一致。

●功能:确保句子语法正确,意义清晰。

●主谓关系:主语与谓语之间存在逻辑关系,这种关系决定了谓语的形式。

二、主谓一致的主要规则
1.单数主语与谓语的一致
⏹第三人称单数主语使用单数形式的谓语动词。

⏹不可数名词作为主语时,谓语动词使用单数形式。

⏹特殊情况的处理:如“either...or...”结构中,根据就近原则确定谓语的形式。

1.复数主语与谓语的一致
⏹复数主语使用复数形式的谓语动词。

⏹集合名词作为主语时,需要根据具体情况确定谓语的形式。

⏹特殊情况的处理:如“there be”结构中的主谓一致。

1.并列结构中的主谓一致
⏹并列结构中的主语和谓语动词需要保持形式上的平行。

⏹当并列结构中包含不同性质的成分时,需要根据语境和逻辑关系选择适当的谓语形式。

1.从句、不定式、动名词等作为主语时的主谓一致
⏹从句作为主语时,需要根据从句中的谓语动词选择适当的主语形式。

⏹不定式、动名词等非限定性结构作为主语时,谓语动词的形式选择需考虑语境和逻辑关系。

三、实践与练习
●练习题:提供一些练习题,帮助学生更好地理解和掌握主谓一致的规则。

●答案解析:对练习题进行详细的答案解析,帮助学生理解自己的错误,并给出正确的用法建议。

四、总结
对本次讲解的内容进行总结,强调主谓一致在英语语法中的重要性,并提醒学生注意常见的主谓一致错误。

英语中的主谓一致

英语中的主谓一致

英语中的主谓一致1.由and 或both…and连接的并列结构作主语如果意义为复数,谓语动词用复数;由and 连接的两个词是指同一个人、同一事物或同一概念,谓语动词用单数。

Rain and wind have caused a damage of about $20 million in that area.Where is the watch and chain?Bread and butter is a daily food in the west.2.and 连接的并列主语带有each, every 或many a 等限定词,通常用单数.Each actor and each actress was invited to the concert.Every boy and every girl in this room has been criticized for being absent from class.Many a teacher and parent is playing an important role in educating children.3.主语+with/as well as/but/other than…+n. / pron.等结构当“主语+with, together with, along with, as well as, besides, in addition to, including, except, but, other than, apart from, r ather than, no less than, more than, as much as, instead of, unlike… + N/Pron.”时,其谓语动词的单复数与主语保持一致。

Nothing but stamps and envelops is sold in the post office.Jean, rather than her roommates, is to meet with Professor Brown at the airport.Some of the workers as much as the manager were responsible for the loss.A library with five thousand books has been offered to the nation as a gift.4. 就近一致原则由连词or, either…or, neither…nor, whether…or,not only …but also, not…but, 连接并列主语时,谓语动词与最靠近于它的名词或代词保持一致。

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英语主谓一致“一致”是指句子成分之间或词语之间在语法形式上的协调关系。

主谓一致指主语和谓语动词之间在“人称”和“数”的方面的一致关系。

一、指导原则1、语法一致主语和谓语动词之间的一致关系主要表现在“数”的形式上,即用作主语的名词词组中心词和谓语动词在单、复数形式上的一致。

如果名词中心词是复数,动词就该用复数形式;如果名词中心词不是复数,而是单数名词或不可数名词,动词便用单数形式。

这种一致关系叫做“语法一致”。

例如:Both boys have their own merits(长处,优点).Few students are really lazy.Many people want to go.Two girls were standing on the corner.Each boy has his own book.Every girl comes on time.Either answer is correct.Much effort is wasted.2、意义一致和就近原则有时,主语和谓语动词的一致关系并非取决于语法上的单、复数形式,而是取决于主语的单、复数意义:比如有时主语在语法形式上并非复数,但有复数意义,随后的动词便用复数;反之,主语在语法形式上时复数,而在意义上可视为单数,随后的动词也用单数。

这种一致关系叫做意义一致。

例如:The government have asked the country to decide by a vote(选举).Fifteen miles seems like a long walk to me.Fifty-six dollars was stolen from the cash register(现金出纳机).有时,谓语动词的单、复数形式决定于最靠近它的词语(主要指名词)的单、复数形式,这种一致关系所依据的原则叫做“就近原则”。

例如:Either my brothers or my father is coming.Only one out of five were present.No one except his own supporters agree with him.Neither Julia nor I am going.二、以-s结尾的名词作主语的主谓一致问题1、以–s 结尾的疾病名称和游戏名称英语中有一些疾病名称是以-s结尾的,如arthritis(关节炎),bronchitis(支气管炎),rickets(软骨病),mumps(腮腺炎), diabetes(糖尿病)等,这类名词通常作单数用。

例如:Mumps is a kind of infectious disease(传染病).Arthritis is a disease causing pain and swelling(肿胀)in the joints of the body.但也有一些疾病名称既可作单数也可作复数用。

例如:Generally,measles(麻疹)occurs in children.Measles are sometimes caused by a tapeworm(绦虫).Rickets is / are caused by malnutrition(营养不良).表示游戏名称的名词通常作单数用。

例如:Darts(投镖游戏)is essentially(实质上地)a free and easy game.Marbles(打弹子游戏)is one of the oldest of games and was not confined to children. 但也有个别表示游戏名称的名词作复数用。

例如:Cards(打纸牌)are not allowed here.当darts,marbles等用于做这些游戏所用的镖或弹子等意义时,其复数形式仍作复数用。

例如:Three darts(三只镖)are thrown at each turn.Marbles(各种弹子)vary(变化,呈多样化)in kind and quality.2、以 -ics 结尾的学科名称某些以-ics结尾的学科名称,如physics(物理学)、mathematics(数学)、mechanics (机械学)、optics(光学)、acoustics(声学)、politics(政治学)、statistics(统计学)、economics(经济学)、linguistics(语言学)、athletics(体育学)、tactics(兵法)等,通常作单数用。

例如:Physics is an important subject in middle schools.Acoustics is the science of sound.Tactics is an important study for the soldier.Athletics is a required course for students of all grades.但若这类名词表示“学科”以外的其他意义,便可作复数用。

例如:My mathematics(运算水平)is / are rather shaky(成问题的).Athletics(体育运动)have been greatly promoted(提倡、促动)at this college.The acoustics(音响效果)in the new concert hall are faultless(完美的).The tactics(策略)employed(使用,采用)in this campaign were above reproach (无可指责).The economics(经济效益)of the project are still being considered.3、以–s 结尾的地理名称某些以-s结尾的地理名称,如果是国名,如the United States(美国),the United Nations (联合国),the Netherlands(荷兰)等,是单一政治实体,作单数用。

例如:The United States is a country of people with varied origins(血缘).但若不是国名,而是群岛、山脉、海峡、瀑布等地理名称,通常作复数用。

例如:The West Indies(西印度群岛),apart from the Bahamas(巴哈马群岛),are commonly divided into two parts.The Straits of Gibraltar(直布罗陀海峡)have not lost their strategic(战略的)importance.4、其他以–s 结尾的名词英语中有一些由两个部分组成的物体名称通常是以-s结尾,如scissors(剪子),pincers(钳子),glasses(眼镜),shorts(短裤),trousers、pants(裤子),suspenders(吊裤带)等。

这个类名词,如果不带“一把”、“一副”、“一条”等单位词而单独使用,通常作复数。

例如:Joe’s new trousers are black and white.如果带有单位词,则由单位词的单、复数形式决定动词的单、复数形式。

例如:One pair of scissors is n’t enough.Two pairs of pliers(镊子), one large and one small, are missing from my tool box.英语中还有一些以-s结尾的名词,如archives(档案),arms(武器),clothes(衣服),contents(内容,目录),eaves(屋檐),fireworks(烟火),goods(货物),minutes (记录),morals(道德,品行),remains(遗体),stairs(楼梯),suburbs(郊区),thanks (谢意),wages(工资)等,通常作复数。

例如:The archives of this society are kept in the basement(地下室).The contents of this book are most fascinating.High wages often result in high prices.His thanks were most profuse(丰富的,很多的).凡是由-ings结尾的名词,如clippings(剪下来的东西),diggings(掘出的东西),earnings(收入),filings(锉屑),lodgings(租住的房间),surroundings(环境),sweepings (扫拢的垃圾)等,通常做复数用。

例如:The clippings of the hedges(篱笆)are usually burnt.但tidings(消息)既可作复数,也可作单数用:Good tidings have cheered them up.The tidings has come a little too late.还有一些以-s结尾的单、复数同形的名词,如barracks(营房),headquarters(总部),means(方法、手段),series(系列),species(种类),works(工厂)等,随后动词的单、复数形式取决于这些名词是用作单数,还是用作复数。

例如:A barracks was stormed(袭击) by the enemy troops.Two barracks in the suburbs(郊外)have been surrounded.A headquarters was set up to direct the operation(指挥作战).Their headquarters are in Paris.The only means to achieve success is to appeal to arms(诉诸武力).All means have been tried out to increase agricultural production.A series of pre-recorded tapes has been prepared for language lab use.There are two series of readers:one for beginners and one for advanced students.A new species of mammal(哺乳动物)has been found.Altogether, about 450 species of flatfish(比目鱼)are known.但有少数这类的名词用作单数和用作复数意义不同。

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